考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿州學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿州學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認(rèn)”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認(rèn)的事情，但是在世界的許多國(guó)家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢(mèng)想。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.填空題

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithfivequestions.Afteryouhavereadthepassage,answereachquestioninEnglish.WritedownyouransweronANSWERSHEET.

Alanguageisasystemofsounds,gestures,orcharactersusedbyhumanstocommunicatetheirideasandfeelings.Thereareabout4,000spokenlanguagesintheworld.Somearespokenbymillionsofpeople.Otherlanguageshaveonlyafewspeakers.

Alllanguageshaverulesforformingwordsandfororderingthosewordsinsentences.Inwrittenlanguages,meaningisexpressedthroughasystemofcharactersandrulesforcombiningthosecharacters.Inspokenlanguages,meaningisexpressedthroughasystemofsoundsandrulesforcombiningthosesounds.Manydeafpeopleusesignlanguages,inwhichgesturesdotheworkofthesoundsystemofspokenlanguages.

WordorderismoreimportantinEnglishthanitisinsomeotherlanguages,suchasRussian.ThesoundsystemisveryimportantinChineseandinmanylanguagesspokeninWestAfrica.

Languagesarealwayschanging,buttheychangeveryslowly.Peopleinventnewwordsfortheirlanguage,borrowwordsfromotherlanguages,andchangethemeaningsofwordsasneeded.Forexample,theEnglishwordbytewasinventedbycomputerspecialistsin1959.TheEnglishwordtomatowasborrowedfromNahuat,anAmericanIndianlanguagespokeninMexico.TheEnglishwordmeatoncereferredtofoodingeneral.

Thereareseveralmajorlanguagefamiliesintheworld.Thelanguagesineachfamilyarerelated,andscientiststhinktheycamefromthesameparentfamily.Languagefamiliescomeindifferentsizes.TheAustronesianfamilycontainsatleast500languages,includingPilipino,Malay,andMaori.TheBasquelanguage,spokeninnorthernSpain,istheonlymemberofitslanguagefamily.

TheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilycontains55languages,includingEnglish,German,Spanish,Russian,andHindi.AnotherlanguagefamilyisSino-Tibetan,whichincludesChinese,Burmese,andTibetan.TheAfro-AsiaticfamilyincludesArabic,Hebrew,andAmharic.Thereareabout150AmericanIndianlanguagesspokentoday.Theselanguageshavemanydifferencesandhavebeendividedintomorethan50languagefamilies.

Peoplelearnlanguagesbylistening,copyingwhattheyhear,andusingthelanguage.Mostchildrenlearntheirfirstlanguageseasily,andsometimesotherlanguagesaswell.Adultsoftenmustworkharderatlearningasecondlanguage.

1.Howmanylanguagesarespokenallovertheworld?

2.Whatarethelanguagerulesfor?

3.Howismeaningexpressedinsignlanguage?

4.WhatismoreimportantinEnglishcomparedwithotherlanguages?

5.Whichlanguageistheonlymemberofitslanguagefamily?

【答案】1.About4,000spokenlanguages.

2.Formingwordsandorderingthosewordsinsentences.

3.Bygestures.

4.Wordorder.

5.TheBasquelanguage.

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Howmanylanguagesarespokenallovertheworld?1.世界上有多少種語(yǔ)言？

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】第一段第二句提到“世界上大約有4000種語(yǔ)言”可知，答案為“大約4000種”。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whatarethelanguagerulesfor?2.語(yǔ)言規(guī)則是什么？

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“所有的語(yǔ)言都有構(gòu)詞和排列句子的規(guī)則”可知，語(yǔ)言規(guī)則是“構(gòu)詞和排列句子”。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Howismeaningexpressedinsignlanguage?3.如何用手語(yǔ)表達(dá)意思？

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“許多聾人使用手語(yǔ)，在手語(yǔ)中，手勢(shì)起到了口語(yǔ)聲音系統(tǒng)的作用”可知，聾人通過(guò)手勢(shì)表達(dá)自己的意思。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhatismoreimportantinEnglishcomparedwithotherlanguages?4.與其他語(yǔ)言相比，英語(yǔ)中什么更重要？

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句“詞序在英語(yǔ)中比在其他一些語(yǔ)言中更重要，比如俄語(yǔ)”可知，英語(yǔ)中詞序更重要。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Whichlanguageistheonlymemberofitslanguagefamily?5.哪一種語(yǔ)言是其語(yǔ)系的唯一成員？

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段最后一句“西班牙北部使用的巴斯克語(yǔ)是該語(yǔ)系的唯一成員”可知，巴斯克語(yǔ)是其語(yǔ)系的唯一成員。

3.單選題

TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved（

）ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatheistothink

B.tothink

C.thatheisthinking

D.tobethinking

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是it時(shí)，才會(huì)使用itisbelievedthat…的形式，因此排除A和C選項(xiàng)。句意：人們相信財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)正在考慮征收新稅以增加額外收入。由句意可知此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)tobethinking表示“正在考慮”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Noneofstudentsintheclasslikesthemistress,whoisusedtobeing（）ofeverythingtheydo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.optimistic

C.interested

D.critical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emotional“情感的”；B選項(xiàng)optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”；C選項(xiàng)interested“感興趣的”；D選項(xiàng)critical“批評(píng)的，苛刻的”，句意：班里沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡那位女老師，她慣于批評(píng)學(xué)生們所做的一切事。所以選D。

5.翻譯題

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和物質(zhì)生活的豐富,廣告在日常生活中變得越來(lái)越重要了。廣告提供產(chǎn)品的最新信息。沒(méi)有廣告,消費(fèi)者就不能盡快地了解附近的商店里都有什么新商品。廣告有助于市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展,因?yàn)樨涃u(mài)得越多,價(jià)格就越便宜。廣告還為報(bào)紙、雜志、廣播電臺(tái)和電視臺(tái)等單位帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

【答案】Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtheenrichmentofmateriallife,advertisementsaregettingmoreandmoreimportantinourdailylife.Advertisementsofferthelatestinformationconcerningnewproducts.Withoutthem,consumerswouldbeunabletoknowassoonaspossiblewhatnewcommoditiesareavailableinthestoresnearby.Advertisementsareconducivetothedevelopmentofmarketsbecausethemoregoodsaresold,thecheapertheywillbe.Advertisementscanalsobringabouteconomicbenefitsforsuchunitsasnewspapers,magazines,radioandtelevisionstations.

6.單選題

Thepolicemandeclaredthattheblowonthevictim'shead（

）frombehind.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldhavebeenmade

B.musthavebeenmade

C.wouldhavebeenmade

D.oughttohavebeenmade

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。A項(xiàng)shouldhavedone表示“本該做某事（其實(shí)沒(méi)做）”；B項(xiàng)musthavedone表示“—定做了某事”；C項(xiàng)wouldhavedone表示“將會(huì)做某事”，常用于表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣；D項(xiàng)oughttohavedone表示“本該做某事”，比shouldhavedone語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，意思為根據(jù)責(zé)任或者義務(wù)應(yīng)該做。句意：警察宣稱受害者頭上的傷一定是從后面猛擊造成的。故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Humanbeingsareanimals.Webreathe,eatanddigest,andreproducethesamelife（1）commontoallanimals.Inabiologicallaboratory,rats,monkeys,andhumansseemverymuchthesame.

However,biologicalunderstandingisnotenough:（2）itself,itcannevertelluswhathumanbeingsare.（3）toourphysicalequipment—thenakedhumanbody―wearenotan（4）animal.Wearetropicalcreatures,（5）hairlessandsensitivetocold.Wearenotfastandhaveneitherclawsnorsharpteethtodefendourselves.Weneedalotoffoodbuthavealmostnophysicalequipmenttohelpustogetit.Inthepurelyphysical（6）ourspeciesseemsapoor（7）forsurvival.

Butwehavesurvived-survivedandmultipliedand（8）theearth.Somedaywewillhavea（9）livingonthemoon,aplacewithneitherairnorwaterandwithtemperaturesthatturngasesintosolids.Howcanwehavedoneallthesethings?Partoftheanswerisphysical.（10）itslimitations,ourphysicalequipmenthassomeimportant（11）Wehaveexcellentvisionandhandsthatcan（12）objectswithaprecisionunmatchedbyanyother（13）.Mostimportantly,wehavealargebrainwithanalmost（14）numberofneural（15）.

Wehaveusedthisphysicalequipmenttocreateculture,thekeytooursurvivalandsuccess.IfweliveintheArctic,wesupplythewarmthourtropicalbodiesneed（16）clothing,shelter,and（17）heat.Ifamillionpeoplewanttoliveinadesertthatsuppliesnaturalfoodforonlyafewhundred,wefindwatertogrowfoodand（18）deficitsbytransportingsuppliesfromdistantplaces.Inhabitantsofoureventualmooncolonywillbringtheirownfoodandoxygenandthencreateanartificialearthenvironmenttosupplynecessities.Withculture,wecanovercomeournaturallimitations.

Itwasnotalways（19）.Ourdistantancestorswerejustanimals,facedwiththelimitsoftheirphysicalequipment.Theyhadno（20）andlackedthephysicalcapacitytouseit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.processes

B.acts

C.modes

D.procedures

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.On

B.With

C.For

D.By

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Stripped

B.Pared

C.Peeled

D.Removed

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.intelligent

B.impressive

C.influential

D.incentive

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.barely

B.hardly

C.nearly

D.scarcely

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.meaning

B.judgment

C.perspective

D.sense

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.bet

B.chance

C.fact

D.luck

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.filled

B.loaded

C.stuffed

D.scattered

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.residence

B.colony

C.home

D.empire

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.Apartfrom

B.Withregardto

C.Withtheexceptionof

D.Inspiteof

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.abilities

B.potentials

C.capabilities

D.possibilities

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.maneuver

B.manage

C.manipulate

D.manufacture

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.animal

B.animals

C.creatures

D.creature44.

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.infinite

B.unknown

C.boundless

D.ceaseless

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.connections

B.relations

C.activities

D.accesses

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.by

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.fake

C.unreal

D.unauthentic

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.addup

B.breakup

C.makeup

D.cutup

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.this

B.thus

C.hence

D.that

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.intellect

B.equipment

C.competence

D.culture

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考查名詞詞義辨析。process“過(guò)程；進(jìn)行；步驟”；act“行動(dòng)；法令，法案；（戲劇，歌劇的）一幕”；mode“模式；方式；風(fēng)格”；procedure“程序；手續(xù)；步驟”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵何覀兒粑?、進(jìn)食、消化和重現(xiàn)生命過(guò)程的這些模式與動(dòng)物非常像。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）考查固定搭配。byitself“獨(dú)自”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。strip“剝奪；剝?nèi)ァ?；pare“消減；削皮；剪；修掉（邊等）”；peel“剝落；削”；remove“移動(dòng)；遷移”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵好摰粑覀兊囊路?，露出赤裸的人類身體，我們不再是給人印象深刻的一種動(dòng)物。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（4）考查形容詞詞義辨析?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?3題，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（5）考查副詞詞義辨析。barely“僅僅”；hardly“幾乎不”；nearly“幾乎；密切地”；scarcely“幾乎不”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵何覀兪且环N熱情的生物，身上幾乎沒(méi)有毛，對(duì)冷很敏感。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（6）考查固定搭配。inthesense“從這種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（7）考查名詞詞義辨析。bet“打賭，賭注”；chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；fact“事實(shí)”；luck“運(yùn)氣”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵簭奈矬w的意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，我們這個(gè)物種在生存上似乎不是一個(gè)好的賭注。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。fill“裝滿；充滿；擠滿”；load“使擔(dān)負(fù)”；stuff“塞滿；填塞”；scatter“使散開(kāi)；使散播”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵寒?dāng)時(shí)我們生存下來(lái)了，數(shù)量不斷增加，并且擠滿在世界的各個(gè)地方。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（9）考查邏輯關(guān)系。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到oureventualmooncolony“我們最后的月球聚居地”。所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（10）考查介詞詞組辨析。apartfrom“除······之外”；withregardto“關(guān)于，至于”；withtheexceptionof“除了······之外”；inspiteof“盡管”。空格處所在句子的句意是：盡管我們的身體有很多局限，但是我們的身體設(shè)備有很多的潛能。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（11）考查名詞詞義辨析。ability“能力”；potential“潛能”；capability“才能，能力”；possibility“可能性”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?0題，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。maneuver“機(jī)動(dòng)；演習(xí)”；manage“管理；經(jīng)營(yíng)”；manipulate“操縱；操作”；manufacture“制造；加工；捏造”?？崭裉幘渥铀诰湟猓何覀冇兄鴺O好的視力和一雙能精確使用物體上的雙手，這是其他動(dòng)物無(wú)法相比的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（13）考查名詞詞義辨析?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?2題。根據(jù)空格前的anyother可知空格處需要填入一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（14）考查形容詞詞義辨析。infinite“無(wú)限的，無(wú)窮的”；unknown“未知的；不出名的”；boundless“無(wú)限的，無(wú)邊無(wú)際的”；ceaseless“不斷的；不停的”。空格處所在句子的句意是：更重要的是，我們擁有幾乎無(wú)限數(shù)量神經(jīng)連接的大腦。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（15）考查名詞詞義辨析?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?4題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（16）考查介詞辨析。for“為了；因?yàn)?；給”；to“到；向”；with“用；隨著；和······在一起”；by“通過(guò)；被；經(jīng)由”。空格處所在句子的句意是：如果我們居住在北極區(qū)，我們通過(guò)衣服、遮蓋物和人造的取暖設(shè)備來(lái)供應(yīng)我們熱帶身體所需的保暖。可知空格處需要填的介詞有“通過(guò)”的意思，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（17）考查形容詞詞義辨析。artificial“人造的；仿造的；虛偽的”；fake“偽造的”；unreal“不真實(shí)的；假的”；unauthentic“不確實(shí)的；不真實(shí)的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?6題，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（18）考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。addup“合計(jì)；加起來(lái)”；breakup“打碎；結(jié)束”；makeup“組成；補(bǔ)足；編造”；cutup“切碎”。___deficits(差額)與“bytransportingsuppliesfromdistantplaces”(通過(guò)從遠(yuǎn)方運(yùn)送補(bǔ)給)可知對(duì)應(yīng)的是“補(bǔ)足差額”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（19）考查固定搭配。Itwasnotalwaysthus/thatway“事情也不總是那樣”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（20）考查名詞詞義辨析。intellect“智力；知識(shí)分子”；equipment“設(shè)備，裝備；器材”；competence“勝任；能力”；culture“文化”。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到“我們?nèi)祟愑蒙眢w設(shè)備，比如手和大腦等創(chuàng)造了對(duì)我們生存和成功至關(guān)重要的文化”，而最后一段提到我們的祖先不會(huì)使用這些設(shè)備，可以推斷是缺乏相應(yīng)的文化?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核麄儧](méi)有文化，也缺乏使用自身身體設(shè)備的能力。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Itisessentialtobeonthe（）foranysignsofmovementintheundergrowthsincetherearepoisonoussnakesinthearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.guard

B.care

C.alert

D.alarm

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知此處要填一個(gè)詞與beonthe...for構(gòu)成搭配，表示“警惕、提防”的意思，care和alarm都不能與之構(gòu)成搭配，beonthealertfor是固定搭配表示“警惕、提防”的意思，guard通常的用法是beonguardfor，guard的前面不需要加定冠詞the，所以此處應(yīng)該選擇alert，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

9.單選題

Wehadthoughttheexamwouldbedifficult,butit（

）easy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turned

B.came

C.appeared

D.proved

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)turn“轉(zhuǎn)彎；轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項(xiàng)come“做；假裝；來(lái)”；C選項(xiàng)appear“出現(xiàn)；顯得”；D選項(xiàng)prove“證明；結(jié)果表明”。句意：我們?cè)詾榭荚嚂?huì)很難，但……它很容易。appear后接形容詞表示“結(jié)果表明……”時(shí)應(yīng)用“appeartobe……”結(jié)構(gòu)。只有prove后面接形容詞有此用法且符合語(yǔ)境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

PutthefollowingIwopassagesintoChinese.

Eternaltruthswillbeneithertruenoreternalunlesstheyhavefreshmeaningforeverynewsocialsituation.Itisthefunctionofeducation,thefunctionofallofthegreatinstitutionsoflearningintheUnitedStales,toprovidecontinuityforournationallife—totransmittoyouththebestofourculturethathasbeentestedinthefireofhistory.Itisequallytheobligationofeducationtotrainthemindsandthetalentsofouryouth;toimprove,throughcreativecitizenship,ourAmericaninstitutionsinaccordwiththerequirementsofthefuture.Wecannotalwaysbuildthefutureforouryouth,butwecanbuildouryouthforthefuture.

Fameisverymuchlikeananimalchasingitstailwho,whenhecapturesit,doesnotknowwhatelsetodobuttocontinuechasingit.Fameandcelebritythataccompaniesit,forcethefamouspersontoparticipateinhisorherowndestruction.Ironic,isn’tit?Thosewhogainfamemostoftengainitasaresultofpossessingasingletalentorskill:singing,dancing,painting,orwriting,etc.Thesuccessfulperformerdevelopsastylethatismarketedaggressivelyandgainssomepopularity,anditisthispopularitythatusuallyconvincestheperformertocontinueperforminginthesamestyle,sincethatiswhatthepublicseemstowantandtoenjoy.Butintime,theperformerbecomesboredsingingthesamesongsinthesamewayyearafteryear,orthepainterbecomesboredpaintingsimilarscenesorportraits,ortheactoristiredofplayingthesamecharacterrepeatedly.Thedemandofthepublicholdstheartisttohisorherownsuccess,fame.Iftheartistattemptstochangehisorherstyleofwritingordancingorsinging,etc.,theaudiencemayturnawayandlooktoconferfameonanotherandthen,intime,onanother,andsoonandsoon.

【答案】永恒的真理如果不在新的社會(huì)形勢(shì)下賦予新的意義，它要么就不是真理，要么就不是永恒的。它是教育的功能，是美國(guó)所有偉大學(xué)府的功能，為我們國(guó)家的生活提供延續(xù)——把我們?cè)跉v史的烈火中經(jīng)受住考驗(yàn)的精華文化傳給年輕人。教育同樣有責(zé)任培養(yǎng)我們青年一代的思想和才能；通過(guò)創(chuàng)造性的公民身份來(lái)改善我們美國(guó)的制度，使之符合未來(lái)的要求。我們不能為我們青年創(chuàng)造未來(lái)，但是我們能針對(duì)未來(lái)造就我們的青年。

名譽(yù)很像一只追逐自己尾巴的動(dòng)物，在抓住之后除了繼續(xù)追逐外，不知道還有其它什么事可做。隨之而來(lái)的名望迫使名人參與到他/她自己的毀滅中。很諷刺，不是嗎？那些成名的人往往是因?yàn)閾碛心撤N才能或技能：唱歌，跳舞，繪畫(huà)或者寫(xiě)作等。成功的表演者發(fā)展成一種風(fēng)格，在市場(chǎng)上非常受歡迎，正因?yàn)槭軞g迎，表演者繼續(xù)以同樣的風(fēng)格表演，因?yàn)檫@似乎是公眾想要并且所欣賞的。但隨著時(shí)間的推移，表演者厭倦了年復(fù)一年地用同樣的方式唱同一首歌，畫(huà)家厭倦了畫(huà)同樣的場(chǎng)景或者肖像或者演員不想再重復(fù)出演同樣的角色。公眾的需求使藝術(shù)家得以成名。如果這個(gè)藝術(shù)家試圖改變他/她的寫(xiě)作、跳舞或者歌唱風(fēng)格等，觀眾可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)身把名譽(yù)給另外一個(gè)人，然后隨著時(shí)間的推移再給另一個(gè)人，如此反復(fù)下去。

11.單選題

ThemyththatUnitedStatesisnotopentoconcernsfromoutsidehasbeen______atastroke.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.demolished

B.precluded

C.kindled

D.hampered

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)demolish“拆除，破壞，推翻，駁倒”，B項(xiàng)preclude“排除，妨礙，阻止”，C項(xiàng)kindle“點(diǎn)燃，著火，激起，照亮”，D項(xiàng)hamper“妨礙，束縛，使困累”。由myth“神話”和atastroke“一下子”可知，“推翻”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：美國(guó)不會(huì)對(duì)外開(kāi)放的神話一下子就被推翻了。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

12.翻譯題

1.Iftheyoungengineerdidn’thaveallthesequalities,hecouldneverhavedonewhathehasdoneorhavethechanceofsucceedinginwhatheistryingtodo.

2.Cloningdoesn’tnecessarilymakecellsgrowold,andcanevenactasafountainofyouth,sayresearcherswhohavebeeninvestigatingagroupofclonedcalves.

3.Weoftenreachanimpasseinourthinking,atthatmomentwearelookingataproblem,andtryingtosolveitanditseemsthereisadeadend.

4.Thecurriculumofthehighschoolissimilartoconventionalschoolthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience,besides,allstudentsarerequiredtotakeperformingartsandsportsandprovideacommunityservice.

5.InthePhilippines,womenwerefoundtocontributeaboutathirdofhouseholds’cashincome,but55percentofhouseholdsupportiftheeconomicvalueoftheiractivitiesathome,suchasgrowingfood,orgatheringhaytofeedthefamilydonkey,isincluded.

【答案】1.如果這位年輕的工程師沒(méi)有所有這些品質(zhì)，他就不可能完成他所做的事情，也不可能有機(jī)會(huì)在他所嘗試的事情上取得成功。

2.一直在研究一組克隆小牛的研究人員說(shuō)，克隆不一定會(huì)使細(xì)胞衰老，甚至還能起到不老泉的作用。

3.我們經(jīng)常在思維過(guò)程中陷入僵局，當(dāng)我們看到問(wèn)題并試圖解決時(shí)，似乎就會(huì)有一個(gè)死胡同。

4.這所高中的課程與傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校的課程類似，都為升入大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備，包括英語(yǔ)、歷史、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)。但所有的學(xué)生都必須選修表演藝術(shù)和體育，還要提供社區(qū)服務(wù)。

5.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在菲律賓，婦女貢獻(xiàn)了家庭現(xiàn)金收入的三分之一，但如果算上家務(wù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，比如種植糧食或收集干草飼養(yǎng)家中的驢子，則為家庭貢獻(xiàn)了55%。

13.翻譯題

如何積累詞匯。掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)的詞匯有幾種途徑：1）通過(guò)上下文巧妙地猜測(cè)詞義；2）結(jié)合閱讀使用詞典；3）除閱讀外，進(jìn)行專門(mén)的詞匯訓(xùn)練。我們是慢慢吞吞地、吃力地積累詞匯，以便幾年以后可以流暢閱讀呢，還是在閱讀的同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)詞匯呢？最容易也最有趣的增加詞匯的可能辦法是拿一本用淺顯文體寫(xiě)成的故事書(shū)（老師或圖書(shū)館管理員可以推薦一本），然后當(dāng)作故事來(lái)讀。當(dāng)作故事來(lái)讀這一文選意味著整句整段地閱讀，而不是逐字逐詞地翻譯，即使我們?cè)谶@兒或那兒漏掉了一些意義，但最終還是能逐漸地熟悉某些詞匯而根本不用查詞典。當(dāng)然，這只是我們?cè)陂喿x用本族語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的故事時(shí)所用的方法，這樣的閱讀使我們能比逐字翻譯更好地感受習(xí)慣用法和句法。

【答案】Howtoaccumulatevocabulary?Thereareseveralwaystomasteraforeignlanguage’svocabulary:1)Skilfullyguessthemeaningofawordbasedoncontext;2)useadictionary,combiningwiththereading;3)dospecialvocabularytraining,besidesreading.Whetherweaccumulatevocabularyslowlyandlaboriouslysothatwecanreadsmoothlyseveralyearslaterorlearningvocabularywhilereading?Theeasiestandmostinterestingwaytoenlargevocabularyisprobablyusingastorybookwhichiswritteninplainliteraryform(teacherorlibrariancanrecommendone),andthenreaditasastory.Readingthisliteraryselectionasastorymeansreadingitbywholesentenceandwholeparagraph,nottranslatingitwordbyword.Evenifwemisssomemeaninghereorthere,wecangraduallyfamiliarizewithcertainwordsultimatelywithoutlookingupdictionary.Ofcourse,thismethodisjustusedwhenwereadstorieswritteninourownlanguage.Thiskindofreadingcanmakeusfeelidiomaticusageandsyntaxbetterthantranslatingwordbyword.

14.單選題

Suchoccupationswereso（）astobeunworthyofhisfullattention.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.triggering

B.tripling

C.trifling

D.trembling

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析題。triggering觸發(fā)，啟動(dòng)；tripling使增至三倍；trifling微不足道的；trembling發(fā)抖的，戰(zhàn)栗的。根據(jù)下句可推測(cè)出，選項(xiàng)C更符合句意。句意：這些工作是如此微不足道，不值得他全神貫注。

15.單選題

Sobadly（

）inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didheinjure

B.injuredhim

C.washeinjured

D.hewasinjured

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：他在車禍里傷得太厲害了，以至于他不得不在醫(yī)院待了幾個(gè)月。sothat句子中，so位于句首時(shí)句子需要部分倒裝，B、D排除；答案選C。

16.單選題

Fiveyearsago,thatcoupleboughtthehouse（）_makingaquickprofitoutofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.witheyesopento

B.ingoodeyesat

C.withaneyeto

D.byaneyeat

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。withaneyeto“著眼于，指望著”為固定搭配。沒(méi)有A、B和D項(xiàng)的搭配，可排除。句意：五年前，那對(duì)夫婦買(mǎi)下這所房子，希望能很快從中獲利。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.單選題

Themountainpeakis（）onthehorizon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.straddling

B.overlooking

C.towering

D.dominant

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。straddling“跨坐”；overlooking“俯瞰”；towering“高聳的，超越的”，側(cè)重于與周圍環(huán)境形成比較；dominant“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，顯性的”，bedominanton“占主導(dǎo)”。句意：山頂聳立在地平線上。題目中山峰沒(méi)有和周圍環(huán)境形成比較，在地平線上最顯眼。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

Aswecannolongerwaitforthedeliveryofourorder,wehaveto（

）it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.postpone

B.refuse

C.delay

D.cancel

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)postpone“延遲，延期”；B選項(xiàng)refuse“拒絕，回絕”；C選項(xiàng)delay“延期，推遲”；D選項(xiàng)cancel"取消，撤銷，終止”。as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，句意是‘因?yàn)椴荒茉俚扔嗀浀乃瓦_(dá)，我們不得不取消訂單。’所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

CharlesWeiss,programdirectorofscienceandinternationalaffairsatGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonD.C.,wasthebank’sscienceadviserintheearly1980s.hebelievesthislatestattempttogetthebankthinkingaboutsciencehasmorechanceofsucceedingthanhisownefforts.This,hesays,ispartlybecausetheyhavethesupportofseniorexecutives,particularlyJamesWolfensohn,thebank’spresident,andpartlybecausethebankisnowbeentopromoteknowledge-baseddevelopment.

Unusuallyforalendinginstitution,theWorldBankpossessesworld-classexpertiseontheprojectsandtheregionswhereitlendsmoney.Ofits8000staff,3000haveaPhD-levelqualification,andmanyofthesearetop-rankedresearchersheadhuntedfromuniversities.Thequantityandqualityofthebank'sresearchisconsistentlyhigh.

Butthismoreanalyticalaspectofthebank’sworkhasalwaysbeenovershadowedbyitslendingarm-knownasoperations—whichhasgenerallyconsideredresearchtobeafunctionoflending,ratherthananactivityinitsownright.In1987,halfoftheresearchstaffweresenttoworkoperations.

Thistensionbetweentheresearchandlendingwingsremains,andisoneofseveralchallengesthatwillneedtobeovercomeifthenewstrategyistobearfruit.Inparticular,theneedforanewdepartmentforscienceisbeingquestionedbysomewhodonotwanttoseescienceconfinedtoaghettoandthinkitshouldbepartofthelendingportfolioofallofthebank'sdepartments.

Someoperationsstaffhaveyettobeconvincedofthemeritsofraisingthebank’sresearchprofileorfundingresearchindevelopingcountries.Theybelievethatmoreattentionshouldbepaidtoconventionalinfrastructureneedsinpoorercountrieswhich,becauseoflowcreditratings,willhavelittleaccesstoprivatecapital.

Thereactionfromdevelopingcountrieswillbeanimportanttestofthenewstrategy.TherichercountriesofSoutheastAsia,LatinAmerica,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEastarelikelytobemorereceptivethanpoorercountries,particularlyinsub-SaharanAfrica,wherethebankisnotpopular,andwherealmost50percentofbank-assistedprojectshavefailedduringthisdecade.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat().

3.Oneofthechallengesforraisingthehank’sresearchprofileliesin().

4.Theword“infrastructure”(Paragraph5)mostprobablyrefersto().

5.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheWorldBankusedtoattachimportancetoresearchintheearly1980s.

B.Thebank’sseniorexecutivesareinfavorofCharlesWeiss’spromotion.

C.Thebankisnowkeentoestablishanewdepartmentforscience.

D.JamesWolfensohnisthinkingaboututilizingthebank’sresearchresources.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.top-rankedresearcherswereeagertoworkinoperations

B.thelendingwingisreluctanttoconsiderresearchasanindependentactivity

C.thenewstrategyhashadasuccessfulresultinsomedevelopedcountries

D.sciencehaslongbeenovershadowedbecausethebank’sresearchworkwasnotefficient

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.lackofinvestmentinscience

B.thereactionfromseniorexecutives

C.thelendingwing’snegativeattitude

D.lowcreditratings

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebasicfacilities,services,andinstallations

B.theinterrelationorarrangementofpartsinacomplexentity

C.anunderlyingbaseorfoundation

D.somethingconstructed

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ResearchPortfoliooftheWorldBank

B.ANewStrategyoftheWorldBank

C.TensionbetweenTwoWings

D.LendingOperationsinDevelopingCountries

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“hebelievesthislatestattempttogetthebankthinkingaboutsciencehasmorechanceofsucceedingthanhisownefforts.”他相信,這一使銀行思考科學(xué)的最新嘗試比他自己的努力更有可能成功。說(shuō)明銀行想要建立一個(gè)新的科學(xué)部門(mén)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。選項(xiàng)B高管不是支持Charles的晉升,而是支持他的研究,所以表述錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A和D在第一段沒(méi)有提及。

2.選項(xiàng)A文中只提到“In1987,halfoftheresearchstaffweresenttoworkoperations.”一半的研究人員被派往業(yè)務(wù)部門(mén)工作,并沒(méi)有提到是他們想去的,所以表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,發(fā)展中國(guó)家的反應(yīng)將是對(duì)新戰(zhàn)略的重要考驗(yàn)。因?yàn)樵谙鄬?duì)貧窮的國(guó)家,近50%的世行援助項(xiàng)目在這十年中都失敗了。所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Butthis...byitslendingarm-knownasoperations”不是因?yàn)檠芯抗ぷ鞯男什桓?而是因?yàn)闃I(yè)務(wù)部門(mén)認(rèn)為研究是貸款的一種功能,而不是一項(xiàng)獨(dú)立的活動(dòng)。所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“becauseoflowcreditratings,willhavelittleaccesstoprivatecapital.”因?yàn)檫@些國(guó)家的信用評(píng)級(jí)較低,很難獲得私人資本。選項(xiàng)D正確。。

4.infrastructure指基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)施設(shè)備和服務(wù),選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.文章主要講的是世界銀行的新戰(zhàn)略以及戰(zhàn)略目前面臨的困境,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)C描述太廣泛,不是很恰當(dāng)。選項(xiàng)A和D都是小片段,所以也不正確。

20.單選題

Somethingssimplycannotbealteredand（）peopleacceptthis,notwastingenergyontryingtodotheimpossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rough

B.plastic

C.harsh

D.resilient

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的”，B項(xiàng)plastic“塑料的”，C項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的、刺耳的”，D項(xiàng)resilient“可迅速恢復(fù)的、堅(jiān)韌的”；句意：有些東西根本無(wú)法改變，有韌性的人能接受這一點(diǎn)，不會(huì)浪費(fèi)精力來(lái)做不可能的事。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

21.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheUniversityofCaliforniastudyhaslinkedbehaviorinyoungchildren（56）thetypeofjobtheirmotherhas.Motherswithcomplexoccupationsthatareself-directedandrequireworkingwithotherpeople（57）tohaveoffspringwithrelativelylowlevelsofbehaviorproblems.Theoppositeheld（58）whenthejobswereroutine,closelysupervised,anddealtwiththings,ratherthanpeople.

“Ajobthatchallengesandinterestsamotherandgivesheranopportunitytoexercisejudgmentandsolveproblemsclearlyhas（59）consequencesforherchildren’sbehavior,”indicates（60）professorofsociologyElizabethTunner.Occupationswithmorepositiveconditionsincludemanagement,sales,andteachingpositions.Jblemsincludebookkeeping,foodservice,and（61）linepositions.

Womenwhoaresupervisedcloselyatworkandmadeto（62）strictordersmaybemorelikelytousethissamestylein（63）theirkids.Theymayemphasizeobediencetoparentalauthorityandthepotentialfor（64）punishment.“Webelievethatthechoiceofsuchaparentingstylemayincreasethe（65）ofbehaviorproblemsinchildren.”O(jiān)nthe（66）hand,motherswhosejobsarelesscontrolledbysupervisorsand（67）mustworkcloselywithotherpeopleprobablyrelylessonphysicalpunishment,（68）encouragingchildrentothinkaboutconsequencesoftheiractionsand（69）responsibilityfortheirbehavior.（70）anapproachencouragesyoungsterstofollowparentaldemands（71）theyaren’tbeingsupervisedbecausetheyhaveacceptedparentalvaluesastheirown.Moreover,motherswhosejobsdon’t（72）constantsupervision“（73）problem-solvingskillsthattheycanbringtootherpartsoftheirlife”.

Theresearchalsofoundthatthosewhohave（74）challengingandinterestingjobsprovidebetterhomeenvironmentsfortheirchildren.Themothersgivetheiroffspringmoreintellectualstimulationandemotionalsupport,andthis,（75）turn,islinkedtofewerbehaviorproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.with

C.in

D.on

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.linked

C.related

D.tended

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.true

B.false

C.wrong

D.thesame

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.positive

C.affirmative

D.denial

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.vice

B.deputy

C.associate

D.junior

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.assembly

B.assembled

C.gather

D.gathering

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.follow

B.give

C.listen

D.hear

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.growing

B.bringing

C.feeding

D.raising

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.mental

B.psychological

C.physical

D.body

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.frequency

B.degree

C.extent

D.depth

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.one

B.other

C.another

D.others

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.whom

B.whose

C.who

D.those

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.instead

B.ratherthan

C.rather

D.insteadof

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.get

C.have

D.make

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.Thus

B.What

C.So

D.Such

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.eventhen

C.evenwhen

D.evenso

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.involve

B.relate

C.revolve

D.relating

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.invent

B.develop

C.developing

D.inventing

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.less

B.more

C.most

D.least

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.to

C.by

D.with

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:A

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。link...with...“與……有關(guān)；與……相連接”。句意：加州大學(xué)的這項(xiàng)研究將幼兒的行為與其母親的工作類型聯(lián)系起來(lái)。本句表示“將幼兒的行為與其母親的工作類型聯(lián)系起來(lái)”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)likely“很可能；或許”；B選項(xiàng)linked“連接，連結(jié)；聯(lián)合，結(jié)合”；C選項(xiàng)related“敘述；使……有聯(lián)系”；D選項(xiàng)tended“趨向，傾向；照料，照顧”。句意：如果母親的職業(yè)復(fù)雜，需要自我指導(dǎo)，需要與他人合作，那么她們的后代往往行為問(wèn)題的程度相對(duì)較低。本句表示“易于有行為問(wèn)題的程度相對(duì)較低的后代”，tendto（趨向；注意；易于；有……的傾向）。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)true“真實(shí)的；正確的；真實(shí)