考研考博-英語-安徽黃梅戲藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽黃梅戲藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.

1.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector（）.

2.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas（）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould（）.

5.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2015,thegovernmentmay（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasattractedmuchattention

B.involvescertainpoliticalfactors

C.shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

D.haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.increaseditshomesupply

B.offeredspendingopportunities

C.sufferedgovernmentbiases

D.disappointedthegovernment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

B.stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

C.preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

D.releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

B.lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

C.contributetofundingnewdevelopments

D.relievetheministersofresponsibilities

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

B.reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

C.renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

D.stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段最后一句“Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.”但或許最重要的原因是，這個(gè)問題一直以來都帶有濃厚的政治色彩。由此可知B選項(xiàng)involvescertainpoliticalfactors涉及某些政治因素符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第四段“Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.”它需要把歷史偏見放在一邊，采取一些措施來解決我們迫切的住房需求。由此可知C選項(xiàng)sufferedgovernmentbiases遭受政府偏見符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第五段最后一句“Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.”部長(zhǎng)唐福斯特暗示，財(cái)政大臣喬治奧斯本可能會(huì)對(duì)地方政府現(xiàn)有的住房債務(wù)上限引入更多的靈活性。由此可知A選項(xiàng)allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing允許政府增加住房債務(wù)符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。定位到文章第六段“Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.”部長(zhǎng)們還應(yīng)著眼于在租賃環(huán)境中創(chuàng)造更大的確定性，這將對(duì)已注冊(cè)供應(yīng)商從收入中為新開發(fā)項(xiàng)目提供資金的能力產(chǎn)生重大影響。由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.”盡管這些措施在短期內(nèi)會(huì)受到歡迎，但我們必須正視這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：將于2015年到期的、為新保障性住房提供資金的現(xiàn)有45億英鎊資助計(jì)劃，不太可能在2015年之后延長(zhǎng)。以及文章最后提到的“Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate（我們需要適應(yīng)這個(gè)正在變化的情形）”，thisclimate指的也是政府將不會(huì)提供大規(guī)模撥款，由此可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Groupsofpolicewere______allalongthestreetwheretheQueenwastopass.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispersed

B.displaced

C.dispensed

D.discounted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”；B選項(xiàng)displaced“取代；移動(dòng)位置”；C選項(xiàng)dispensed“分發(fā)”；D選項(xiàng)discounted“打折；不理會(huì)”。句意：成群的警察被______在女王要經(jīng)過的街道上。這里A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”比較符合語境，指警察在街道上保護(hù)女王，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations.Thisincludesincreasingsuchpopularquantitativemeasuresassalesrevenues,numberofemployees,andmarketshare.Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.

Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.Nootherfirmsareacquiredormergedwith;instead,thecompanychoosestogrowbyitselfthroughitsownbusinessoperations.Forinstance,McDonald’shaspursuedagrowthstrategybywayofdirectexpansion.Thecompanyhasgrownbyawardingfranchises(經(jīng)營(yíng)許可)topeoplewhoarewillingtobetrainedintheMcDonald’swayandbyopeningcompany-ownedoutlets.

Acompanymightalsochoosetogrowbyverticalintegration,whichisanattempttogaincontrolofinput(backwardverticalintegration),output(forwardverticalintegration)orboth.Inbackwardverticalintegration,theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.Forinstance,UnitedAirlineshadcreateditsownin-flightfoodservicebusiness.Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.Forexample,GatewayComputer’sretailstoresareanexampleoranorganizationcontrollingitsdistribution.

Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.Forinstance,H,J,Heinz,Inc.,thefood-processingcompany,combinedoperationswithanorganicbabyfoodcompany,Earth’sBest,tohelpitsownHeinzbabyfoodsdivisionbecomemorecompetitive.Becausecombiningwithcompetitorsmightdecreasetheamountofcompetitioninanindustry,theU.S.FederalTradeCommissionassessestheimpactofsuchproposedgrowthactionandmustapproveanyproposedhorizontalintegrationstrategy.Othercountrieshavesimilarrestrictions.

Finally,anorganizationcangrowthroughdiversification,eitherrelatedorunrelated.Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries.Forexample,AmericanStandardCos.isinavarietyofbusinessesincludingbathroomfixtures,air-conditioningandheatingunits,plumbingparts,andbrakesfortrucks.Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.Forexample,LancasterColonyCorporationmakessaladdressing,carmatsandcandles.Theseindustriesaredifferentandunrelated.

1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatis“directexpansion”？

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueof“verticalintegration”?

4.Ifacompanyadoptsthemethodof“horizontalintegration”,itattemptsto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingphrasesisclosestinmeaningtotheword“diversification”？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HowMcDonald’shasbecomesuccessful.

B.Howcompanieshavebecomesuccessful.

C.Howcompaniescandeveloptheirbusinesses.

D.Howcompaniescompetewitheachother.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanydevelopsitsownbusinessintoabiggerscale.

B.Acompanyacquiresanothercompany.

C.Acompanymergeswithanothercompany.

D.Acompanygrowswithoutincreasingitsworkforce.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanyattemptstosupplyitsowninputs.

B.Acompanyattemptstosellitsownproducts.

C.Acompanyattemptstoprovideservice.

D.Acompanyattemptstoenteranotherindustry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acquireaverydifferentcompany

B.acquireasimilarcompany

C.acquireasalescompany

D.acquireadistributioncompany

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.mergingwithoracquiringfirms

B.eitherrelatedorunrelated

C.avarietyofbusinesses

D.acompanygrows

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations…Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.”，可知本篇文章主要討論的問題是公司的增長(zhǎng)策略，增長(zhǎng)可以通過直接擴(kuò)張、縱向一體化、橫向一體化或多樣化來實(shí)現(xiàn)。下文直接對(duì)公司的增長(zhǎng)策略進(jìn)行了展開說明和解釋?？膳袛喑霰酒恼轮饕顷P(guān)于公司怎么發(fā)展他們的業(yè)務(wù)，得到增長(zhǎng)的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.”，可知通過直接擴(kuò)張實(shí)現(xiàn)的增長(zhǎng)是通過內(nèi)部增加公司的銷售、生產(chǎn)能力或勞動(dòng)力來實(shí)現(xiàn)的?？膳袛喑鰀irectexpansion意思是一個(gè)公司把自己的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展到更大的規(guī)模。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.”，可知公司在垂直整合中試圖通過成為自己的供應(yīng)商來再次控制其投入。選項(xiàng)A正確，可排除。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.”，可知在垂直整合中，公司通過成為自己的分銷商來獲得對(duì)其輸出（產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)）的控制。可判斷出公司在垂直整合中既能夠試圖自己銷售產(chǎn)品，也能自己提供服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)B和C正確，可排除。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.”，可知在橫向整合中，公司通過與同行業(yè)的其他組織（即與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的業(yè)務(wù)組合）相互合并來增長(zhǎng)。可判斷出如果一個(gè)公司采用了“橫向整合”的方法，它會(huì)嘗試收購(gòu)一家同行業(yè)的類似的公司。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries….Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.”，可知相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購(gòu)，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)。不相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他不同的不相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購(gòu)，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)?？膳袛喑鰀iversification多元化的意思最接近于拓展更多的行業(yè)，開展更多不同的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Farmerswereencouragedtokeeptheirlivestockinpensratherthanlettingthem（）freely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.roam

B.wander

C.wonder

D.roar

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)roam“閑逛，漫步”；B選項(xiàng)wander“游蕩，漫游”；C選項(xiàng)wonder“想知道，納悶”；D選項(xiàng)roar“咆哮，呼喊”。句意：鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民們把家畜關(guān)進(jìn)欄圈，而不是讓它們到處亂跑。由ratherthan可知，句子后半句表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該“和把家畜關(guān)進(jìn)欄圈”相反，C，D不符合句意。roam常指在廣闊地方以自得其樂的愉快心情作無固定目標(biāo)的漫游，wander多指人無目的地到處徘徊或閑蕩，A選項(xiàng)與其意思對(duì)應(yīng)。因此A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

Ifyouwanttodowellontheexam,you（）onthedirectionsthattheprofessorgivesandtakeexactnotes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willhaveconcentrated

B.havetoconcentrate

C.willbeconcentrated

D.willbeconcentrating

【答案】B

【解析】本句整體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以不用虛擬語氣。選項(xiàng)B正確。

6.填空題

Thisafternoonwe’remeetingwith（1）E.U.environmentalofficialandsomeAustralianspecialiststotalkabouthowto（2）groundwaterpollutionintheTianjinarea.

【答案】1.an

2.prevent

【解析】1.語法題?？疾椴欢ü谠~。第一個(gè)空格后的“official官員”為單數(shù)知第一個(gè)空格應(yīng)填一個(gè)不定冠詞a或an,再由EU的發(fā)音“[，i:'ju:]"中第一個(gè)字母為元音發(fā)音知第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填“an”。

2.語義題。句意:探討天津地區(qū)地下水污染防治對(duì)策

7.單選題

5.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inahotel.

B.Atafastfoodbar.

C.Inthesupermarket.

D.Inthedepartmentstore.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ican’tfindtheinstantsoup.

W:Didyoulooknexttothecannedsoup?

M:Ilookedthere.Butthereisn'tanythingontheshelf.

W:Whydon’tyoutrythespicesection?Itoughttobethere.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推斷題。對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞有：instantsoup(速溶湯粉)，cannedsoup(罐裝濃湯)，spicesection(香料貨架)，由此推測(cè)對(duì)話發(fā)生在自選超市。

8.單選題

Theyhavealwaysregardedamanof（）andfairnessasareliablefriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.robustness

B.temperament

C.integrity

D.compactness

【答案】C

【解析】robustness健壯性,堅(jiān)固性;temperament氣質(zhì),性格,性情;integrity正直;compactness緊密,堅(jiān)實(shí)。句意：他們一直把正直而公平的人視作可靠的朋友。

9.單選題

Ittookusonlyafewhoursto______thepaperoffallfourwalls.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shear

B.scrape

C.stroke

D.chip

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.shear給（羊）剪（羊毛），剪（頭發(fā)）

B.scrape刮掉，削去

C.stroke輕撫，撫摩（動(dòng)物的毛皮、物體表面或頭發(fā)等）D.chip打破，將（土豆等）切條，鑿下（碎片、屑片）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的關(guān)鍵詞paper（紙）可知，空格處表示“刮掉”符合語義。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】我們只花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)就把四面墻的紙刮掉了。

10.填空題

Thankyoufor（1）myquestions.IhopeIhaven’ttakenuptoomuchofyour（2）

【答案】1.answering

2.time

【解析】1.語義題。句意:謝謝你回答我的問題。

2.語義題。句意:希望沒有占用你太多時(shí)間。

11.翻譯題

除了干旱時(shí)期，人們從不把水看成寶貴的自然資源。誠(chéng)然，水不是世界上的稀有之物。如果天不下雨，農(nóng)民會(huì)抱怨，但在有可靠供水系統(tǒng)的城區(qū)，很少有人感到缺水。我們想當(dāng)然地以為水與空氣一樣不值錢，到處都有。然而，部分因?yàn)槿丝谠黾?，部分因?yàn)榭膳碌睦速M(fèi)，在當(dāng)今世界許多地方，供水已成為一大挑戰(zhàn)。這是一個(gè)不可忽視的嚴(yán)重問題。如果不降低需求，減少浪費(fèi)，人類在不久的將來就會(huì)面臨災(zāi)難。

【答案】Inadditiontothedryperiod,peoplehaveneverregardedwaterasavaluablenaturalresource.Itistruethatwaterisnotararethingintheworld.Ifitdoesnotrain,thefarmerswillcomplain,butinthecitywithreliablewatersupplysystem,fewpeoplefeelwatershortage.Wetakeitforgrantedthatwaterisnomorevaluablethanair.However,inpartbecauseoftheincreaseinpopulation,partlybecauseoftheterriblewaste,watersupplyhasbecomeabigchallengeinmanypartsoftheworld.Thisisaseriousproblemthatcan’tbeignored.Ifwedonotreducebloodcells,reducewaste,mankindwillfacedisasterinthenearfuture.

12.單選題

Thebusinessisbothhighlycyclicaland（）aspriceinformationabouttransactionsmaynotbepublicized;andwhenitis,itcanbemisleading.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.private

B.slack

C.opaque

D.redundant

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。private“私有的”；slack“松弛的，蕭條的”；opaque“不透明的”；redundant“多余的，冗長(zhǎng)的”。句意：這項(xiàng)交易具有很高的周期性和不透明性，因?yàn)閮r(jià)格信息可能沒有公開，可能會(huì)造成誤導(dǎo)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Hespentmuchofhislifetime,studyingthediseaseofcattle,chickensandother（）animals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.domestic

B.wild

C.tamed

D.fierce

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他花費(fèi)其一生的大部分時(shí)間研究牛，雞和其他家禽的疾病。

考查形容詞辨析。domestic國(guó)內(nèi)的，家畜的；wild野生的；tame馴服的，養(yǎng)服的;fierce激烈的，猛烈的。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Practitionersoflawandmedicineareesteemedinmanycountrieswhichseemstoindicatethat（

）dependsonprofessionortitle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prestige

B.superiority

C.privilege

D.merit

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。prestige“聲望；聲譽(yù)”；superiority“優(yōu)越；優(yōu)越性”；privilege“特權(quán)；優(yōu)待”；merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；價(jià)值”。句意：法律和醫(yī)生從業(yè)者在許多國(guó)家都受到尊敬，這似乎說明聲望取決于職業(yè)和頭銜。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

“WhatdotheyeatinHawaii?”

“______eatriceratherthanpotatoes.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mostofpeople

B.Mostofthepeople

C.Themostofpeople

D.Themostpeople

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)看，所希望表達(dá)的意思是“大多數(shù)人”，填在句中的空白處，意為“大多數(shù)人喜歡吃米飯而不是土豆”。但從一問一答來看，這里“大多數(shù)人”是針對(duì)問句中的they而言的，是特指的“他們”中的大多數(shù)，只有Mostofthepeople從結(jié)構(gòu)上表達(dá)了這個(gè)意思。A選項(xiàng)的結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤在于如果泛指，只能用Mostpeople。C選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)的結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤在于，如果most只是用于指數(shù)量，它是一個(gè)不定量的限定詞，不能放在定冠詞的后面共同修飾名詞；如果most用于指程度，它前面可帶定冠詞共同修飾形容詞，構(gòu)成形容詞最高級(jí)themost+adj.。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.翻譯題

很多人認(rèn)為沒有兄弟姐妹的孩子很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢缘玫轿镔|(zhì)享受和別人的注意。但是想一想獨(dú)生子女沒有隱私---父母總是感覺自己有權(quán)知道發(fā)生在他或她生活中的一切。身為獨(dú)生子女的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是缺少某些優(yōu)勢(shì)，而這恰恰是有兄弟姐妹的孩子所擁有的。獨(dú)生子女無法因?yàn)槭虑槌鲥e(cuò)而責(zé)備兄弟姐妹，或是索要哥哥姐姐以前曾被給予的特權(quán)。此外，獨(dú)生子女也失去了兄弟姐妹的陪伴。結(jié)果就是孤獨(dú)，以及在日后的生活中交朋友也會(huì)遇到麻煩，因?yàn)樗麄儚奈磳W(xué)過與兄弟或姐妹相處。

【答案】Manypeoplebelievethatchildrenwithoutsiblingsareverylucky,becausetheyhaveaccesstohighermaterialcomfortandmoreattentions.However,singlechildren,generallyspeaking,arenotentitledtoprivacyrightbecauseparentsalwaysthinktheymustlearnaboutwhattheirchildrenhavemetanddone.Beingsinglechildren,theywillbelackofsomeadvantagesthatthosehavingsiblingspossess,suchasblamingsiblingsforhavingdonewrongandclaimingsomeprivilegeswhichelderbrothersorsistershaveaswellasbeingaccompaniedbythem.Asaresult,fortheyfeellonelyandhavenoexperiencesgettingalongwithsiblings,singlechildrenwillencounterdifficultyinmakingfriendsinthefuture.

17.單選題

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deject“使……沮喪；使……灰心”；B選項(xiàng)eject“噴射；驅(qū)逐，逐出”；C選項(xiàng)inject“注入；注射”；D選項(xiàng)project“計(jì)劃；發(fā)射；放映”。句意：隨著新材料被注入到非洲和南美之間的地板上，它們正在相互遠(yuǎn)離，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Heusually（

）hisemotionsandappearscalm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。holdup意為“舉起”；holdback意為“退縮，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意為“等一下，堅(jiān)持不懈，握住”；holdtight意為“抓緊，抓牢，暫不行動(dòng)”。

句意：他通常會(huì)控制自己的情緒，表現(xiàn)得很平靜。

19.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglish.

由于消費(fèi)支出占國(guó)家總產(chǎn)出的大約三分之二，所以恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者信心是格林斯潘和國(guó)會(huì)的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。

許多美國(guó)企業(yè)，尤其是飛機(jī)和其他髙價(jià)值工業(yè)的機(jī)械和設(shè)備制造商堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，這些法規(guī)對(duì)抵制歐盟實(shí)施的經(jīng)WT0批準(zhǔn)的出口增值稅退稅來說是必要的。

當(dāng)一個(gè)WT0成員國(guó)政府就某一爭(zhēng)端提出投訴而且該投訴政府認(rèn)為其利益正受到另一成員政府行為的損害吋，爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)構(gòu)(DSB)才了解到該事件。

在過去五年里，歐洲的商業(yè)及企業(yè)環(huán)境也發(fā)生了可觀的變化；私募股權(quán)投資公司已經(jīng)成為新的投資來源，它的出現(xiàn)提高了就業(yè)率，同吋也創(chuàng)造了新的價(jià)值。

韋爾奇并非出身富貴之門，也決非一夜成名，他是靠自己的奮斗脫穎而出。

【答案】Becausetheconsumptionexpensetakesupabouttwothirdsofthewholenation’sgrossoutput,it’surgentforGreenspanandtheparliamentarytorecovertheconsumptionconfidence.

ManyAmericanindustries,especiallythemanufacturersoftheairindustryandotherhigh-interestmachineryandequipmentindustries,insistthattheserulesbeessentialtoresistthedrawbackofexportvalue-addedtaxissuedbytheEUandsanctifiedbyWTO.

OnlywhenamembergovernmentofWTOappealstocertaindisputeandcomplainsthatitsinterestisbeingunderminedbyanothermembergovernment,willtheDSBgettoknowtheissue.

Inthepastfiveyears,considerablechangeshavetakenplaceintheEuropeanbusinessandindustryenvironment;theprivatestockequitycorporations,whoseappearanceincreasedtheemploymentrateandcreatednewwealth,havebecomethenewsourceofinvestment.

Welchwasnotbornrich,nordidhebecomefamousovernight.Heoutstoodbyhisownstriving.

20.翻譯題

Modernsciencehasopenedupthepathfortheprogressofproductiontechniquesanddeterminedthedirectionoftheirdevelopment.Manynewinstrumentsofproductionandtechnologicalprocessesfirstseethelightofdayinthescientificlaboratories.Aseriesofnewbornindustrieshavebeenfoundedonthebasisofnewly-emergeddisciplinesofscienceandtechnology，ofcourse,thereare,andtherewillbe,manytheoreticalresearchtopicswithnopracticalapplicationinplainsightforthetimebeing.Howeverahostofhistoricalfactshaveprovedthatonceamajorbreakthroughisscoredintheoreticalresearch,itmeanstremendousprogressforproductionandtechnologysoonerorlater.

Contemporarynaturalsciencesarebeingappliedtoproductiononanunprecedentedscaleandatahigherspeedthaneverbefore.Thishasgivenallfieldsofmaterialproductionanentirelynewlook.Inparticular,thedevelopmentofelectroniccomputersandautomationtechnologyisraisingthedegreeofautomationinproduction.Withthesameamountofmanpowerandinthesamenumberofwork-hours,peoplecanturnoutscoresorhundredsoftimesmoreproductsthanbefore.Howisitthatthesocialproductiveforceshavemadesuchtremendousadvancesandhowisitthatlaborproductivityhasincreasedbysuchabigmargin?Mainlythroughthepowerofscience,thepoweroftechnology.Therefore,wemaintainthatthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnologyhaslinkedscienceandproductionevenclosertogether.Aspartoftheproductiveforces,scienceandtechnologyarecomingtoplayanevengreaterrolethaneverbefore.

【答案】【參考譯文】

現(xiàn)代科學(xué)為生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步開辟了道路，決定了生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。許多新的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和工藝流程首先在科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室中問世。在新興科技學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了一系列新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。當(dāng)然，目前和將來都會(huì)有許多理論研究課題暫時(shí)沒有明顯的實(shí)用性。然而，大量的歷史事實(shí)證明，理論研究一旦取得重大突破，就意味著生產(chǎn)和技術(shù)遲早會(huì)取得巨大的進(jìn)步。

當(dāng)代自然科學(xué)正以前所未有的規(guī)模和速度應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)。這給了所有材料生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域一個(gè)全新的面貌。特別是，電子計(jì)算機(jī)和自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的發(fā)展提高了生產(chǎn)中的自動(dòng)化程度。在相同的人力和工作時(shí)間內(nèi)，人們可以生產(chǎn)出比以前多幾十倍或幾百倍的產(chǎn)品。社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力是怎樣取得巨大進(jìn)步的？勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率又是如何大幅度提高的？主要通過科學(xué)的力量，技術(shù)的力量。因此，我們認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展使科學(xué)與生產(chǎn)的聯(lián)系更加緊密。作為生產(chǎn)力的一部分，科學(xué)技術(shù)將發(fā)揮前所未有的重要作用。

21.單選題

Thetrialwasconductedinatheatricalmanner,fullof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.properprocedures

B.sworntestimony

C.eruditecitations

D.extravaganthistrionics

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞短語辨析。properprocedures適當(dāng)?shù)某绦?；sworntestimony宣誓證詞；eruditecitations博學(xué)的引用；extravaganthistrionics夸張的戲劇表演。句意：審判以一種戲劇般的方式進(jìn)行，充滿了夸張的表演造作。由inatheatricalmanner可知，答案為D。

22.翻譯題

當(dāng)中國(guó)成為世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體時(shí)，我們會(huì)有什么感受？答案不用多久就會(huì)揭曉。幾周前國(guó)際貨幣基金組織發(fā)布一項(xiàng)報(bào)告指出，中國(guó)將會(huì)在五年內(nèi)成為世界第一大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。

隨著中國(guó)日益崛起成為超級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)大國(guó)，一國(guó)的財(cái)富與個(gè)人財(cái)富的聯(lián)系正在被打破。中國(guó)既比西方國(guó)家富有，也比西方國(guó)家貧窮，它坐擁3萬億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備，然而如果按當(dāng)前匯率來計(jì)算，美國(guó)的人均財(cái)力是中國(guó)的十倍。

美國(guó)社會(huì)的相對(duì)富裕正是中國(guó)成為世界最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體之時(shí)卻不能成為世界最強(qiáng)國(guó)的原因之一。人們習(xí)慣性地把美國(guó)當(dāng)成是世界唯一超級(jí)大國(guó)，這也讓美國(guó)的世界政治主導(dǎo)地位比其經(jīng)濟(jì)地位更加長(zhǎng)久。美國(guó)在世界各大機(jī)構(gòu)中都有根深蒂固的地位。有一個(gè)很重要的事實(shí)是，聯(lián)合國(guó)，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織以及世界銀行均坐落于美國(guó)。中國(guó)由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的崛起而引發(fā)的政治問題，其鄰國(guó)的感受最為強(qiáng)烈。日本、南韓和澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和戰(zhàn)略利益正在日益分歧，這三個(gè)國(guó)家都與中國(guó)有非常重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系，同時(shí)它們與美國(guó)也有相當(dāng)重要的軍事聯(lián)系。但是隨著時(shí)間的推移，中國(guó)的不斷增長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)力量將會(huì)變得越來越舉足輕重。

【答案】HowwillitfeelwhenChinabecomestheworld’slargesteconomy?Theanswermaybefoundoutquitesoon.Afewweeksago,theInternationalMonetaryFundissuedareportthatChinawouldbenumberonewithinfiveyears.andmoreheavily.

AsChinaemergesasaneconomicsuperpower,theconnectionbetweennationalandpersonalaffluenceisbeingbroken.Chinaisbothricherandpoorerthanthewesternworld.Itissittingonforeignreservesworth$3trillion.Andyet,measuredatcurrentexchangerates,theaverageAmericanisabout10timesaswealthyastheaverageChinese.

TherelativeaffluenceofUSsocietyisonereasonwhyChinawillnotbecometheworld’smostpowerfulcountryonthedaythatitbecomesthelargesteconomy.Theworld’shabitoflookingtotheUSasthe“solesuperpower”alsomakesitlikelythatAmerica’spoliticaldominancewilloutlastitseconomicsupremacy.Americahasanentrenchedpositioninglobalinstitutions.ItmattersthattheUnitedNations,theIMFandtheWorldBankareallsituatedintheUS.

ThepoliticalquestionsraisedbyitseconomicpowerwillbefeltmostacutelyinChina’simmediateneighbourhood.Japan,SouthKoreaandAustralianowfindthattheireconomicandstrategicinterestsarepointingindifferentdirections.AllthreecountrieshavetheirmostimportanteconomicrelationshipwithChina,andtheirmostimportantmilitaryrelationshipwiththeUS.But,overtime,thegrowingeconomicpowerofChinawillweighmoreandmoreheavily.

23.單選題

Withherwarmvoiceandinformalmanner,PearBailyattainedsuccessin（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.everyentertainmentmediumvirtually

B.everyvirtuallyentertainmentmedium

C.virtuallyentertainmenteverymedium

D.virtuallyeveryentertainmentmedium

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。Every為限定詞，修飾entertainmentmedium，virtually為副詞，修飾形容詞every，句意：憑借她溫暖的嗓音和不拘禮節(jié)的舉止，PearBaily幾乎在所有的娛樂媒體中都取得了成功。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

24.單選題

Oneofthemainreasonsisthattheuniversity’s（）attractsstudentsandfacultystaffallovertheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fraud

B.respondent

C.misconduct

D.prestige

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。Fraud欺詐;respondent（尤指離婚案的）被告；misconduct不當(dāng)行為;prestige聲望。句意:其中一個(gè)主要原因是大學(xué)的吸引了全世界的學(xué)生和教職員工。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

25.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.WritetheChineseversionontheanswersheet.

Wenowknowthatadvancedscientificortechnicaltrainingisnotatallincompatiblewithacareerinpracticalaffairs.Onthecontrary,itprovesadepthanddisciplinethatcanbeofgreatvalueinthecomplextechnicalworldoftoday.Buttherearestillthosewhosaythatahighlevelofscientifictrainingproducesonlyspecialistswithanarrowoutlook.Thechargewasnevertrue,andthisbookisamplerefutationofit.Theauthorofthebookislivingproofthatthereisasolutiontotheancientdebateoverwhetherweshouldbetrainingspecialistsorgeneralists.Therearethosewhoarguethatthemodernworldisbuiltonspecialization,thatthosewhoreachthepeaksofperformanceareusuallyspecialists,andthatyouwillunderstandeverythingbetterifyouknowonethingindepth.Otherssaythatinthisworldofspecialists,wegravelyneedpeoplewiththebreadthtoseelifewholeandtoknitthespecialiststogether.Thetruthisthatweneedboth.Weareapproachingthetimewhennoonewillbeabletoplayaroleofleadershipinourcomplexsocietywhoisnotbothspecialistandgeneralist.

【答案】【參考譯文】

我們現(xiàn)在知道，高級(jí)科學(xué)或技術(shù)培訓(xùn)與從事實(shí)際工作一點(diǎn)也不矛盾。相反，它證明了一種在當(dāng)今復(fù)雜的技術(shù)世界中具有巨大價(jià)值的深度和規(guī)律。但仍有人說，高水平的科學(xué)培訓(xùn)只能培養(yǎng)出眼光狹隘的專家。這一指控從來都不是正確的，這本書充分駁斥了這一指控。這本書的作者就是活生生的證據(jù)，證明我們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)專家還是通才的古老爭(zhēng)論是有解決辦法的。有人認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)代世界是建立在專業(yè)化的基礎(chǔ)上的，那些達(dá)到業(yè)績(jī)頂峰的人通常是專家，如果你深入了解一件事，你就會(huì)更好地理解一切。還有人說，在這個(gè)專家云集的世界里，我們非常需要有廣度的人來看待整個(gè)生活，并把專家們聯(lián)系在一起。事實(shí)是，我們兩者都需要。我們正接近這樣一個(gè)時(shí)代：在我們這個(gè)復(fù)雜的社會(huì)中，沒有一個(gè)既不是專家又不是通才的人能夠發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用。

26.單選題

Idon’teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeopleaskedconstantlyforstoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafielddominatedbymen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheoriginoftheuniverse,theshapeofspace-limeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics,itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement----jobs,researchpapers,awards----wasviewedthroughthelensofgenderpolitics.Soweremyfailures.Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversusrightbrain,ornatureversusnurture,1wouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.

Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldeventuallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations:Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderissues.Whyshouldcuringsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.

TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’tdismissthoseconcerns.StillIdon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.

1.Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomenscientistagain?

2.FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldattributetheauthor’sfailuresto（）.

3.Whatdidtheauthorconstantlyfightagainstwhiledoi