考研考博-英語-寧夏師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

EveryoneknowsthatEnglishdepartmentsareintrouble,butitisdifficulttoappreciatejusthowmuchtroubleuntilyoureadthereportfromtheModemLanguageAssociation(MLA).

ThereportisaboutPh.D.programs,whichhavebeenindeclinesince2008.Theseprogramshavegottenbothmoredifficultandlessrewarding:today,itcantakealmostadecadetogetadoctorate,and,attheendofyourprogram,you’reunlikelytofindatenure-trackposition.

Thecoreoftheproblemisthejobmarket.TheMLAreportestimatesthatonlysixtypercentofnewly-mintedPh.D.swillfindtenure-trackjobsaftergraduation.Ifanything,that’swildlyoptimistic:theMLAgottothatfigurebycomparingthenumberoftenure-trackjobsonitsjoblistwiththenumberofnewgraduates.Butthatleavesoutthethousandsofunemployedgraduatesfrompastyearswhoarestilljob-hunting.

Differentpeoplewilltellyoudifferentstoriesaboutwhereallthejobswent.Somecriticsthinkthatthehumanitieshavegottentooweird—thatundergrads,turnedoffbyanoverlytheoreticalapproach,don’twanttoparticipateanymore,andthatteachingopportunitieshavedisappearedasaresult.Otherspointtothecorporatizationofuniversities,whichareincreasinglyinclinedtohirepart-time,“adjunct”professors,ratherthanfull-time,tenure-trackprofessors,toteachundergrads.Adjunctsarecheaper；perhapsmoreimportantly,theyareeasiertohire.

Thesetrends,inturn,arepartofanevenlargerstoryhavingtodowiththeexpansionandtransformationofAmericaneducationaftertheSecondWorldWar.Essentially,collegesgrewlesseliteandmorevocational.Beforethewar,relativelyfewpeoplewenttocollege.Then,inthenineteen-fifties,theBabyBoompushedcollegestogrowrapidly,bulkinguponprofessorsandgraduateprograms.Whentheboomendedandenrollmentsdeclined,collegesfoundthemselvesoverextendedandcompetingforstudents.Bythemid-seventies,schoolswereseekingoutnewconstituencies—amongthem,womenandminorities—andcreatingnewprogramsdesignedtoattractabroaderrangeofstudents.

Thosereformsworked:abouttwiceasmanypeopleattendcollegepercapitanowastheydidfortyyearsago.Butallthatexpansionchangedcolleges.Inthepast,theyhadcateredtoelitestudentswhowerehappytomajorinthetraditionalliberalarts.Now,toattractmiddle-classstudents,collegeshavehadtooffermorecareer-focusedmajors,infieldslikebusiness.Asaresult,humanitiesdepartmentshavefoundthemselvesdriftingawayfromthecenteroftheuniversity.

1.Whatdoestheword“appreciate”meaninParagraph1?

2.WhathasmadePh.D.programsunpopular?

3.TheMLAreportabouttheemploymentrateistoooptimisticbecauseit（

）.

4.Universityjobopeningsarediminishingduetothefactthat

（

）.

5.AccordingtoParagraph5,theAmericaneducationalinstitutions（

）overthepastdecades

.

6.Thefinalparagraphsuggeststhatcurrentliberalartsmajors（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Enjoy.

B.Overlook.

C.Investigate.

D.Understand.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theynolongersaveyourtime.

B.Theycannotguaranteeasecurejob.

C.Theyarecompetitiveandtime-consuming.

D.Theyarenotsubsidizedbythegovernment.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.overestimatesthejobmarket

B.failstoaccountforformergraduates

C.doesnotincludeallkindsofjobs

D.excludesnewly-graduatedPh.D.s

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thescaleofuniversitiesisshrinking

B.adjunctprofessorsarelikelytotakefull-timejobs

C.fewerundergraduateswanttomajorinhumanities

D.sometheoreticalapproacheshavebeenprovenwrong

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.haveresultedintenure-trackprofessors

B.haveattractedmoremaleandelitestudents

C.havebeenexpandingtooverseascountries

D.havebeguntoofferavarietyofvocationalprograms

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.aremoredesirablethaneverbefore

B.willcatertomiddle-classstudents

C.arelessappealingthanbusinessmajors

D.areascompetitiveasbusinessmajors

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:C

【解析】1.詞匯推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第一句。根據(jù)“EveryoneknowsthatEnglishdepartmentsareintrouble,butitisdifficulttoappreciatejusthowmuchtroubleuntilyoureadthereportfromtheModemLanguageAssociation(MLA).（每個人都知道英語系有麻煩了，但是在你讀到來自現(xiàn)代語言協(xié)會(MLA)的報告之前，你很難理解到底有多大的麻煩。）”句中appreciate與句中know為同義詞，即“理解，明白”的意思。從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位在原文第二段第一句到第二句。根據(jù)“today,itcantakealmostadecadetogetadoctorate,and,attheendofyourprogram,you’reunlikelytofindatenure-trackposition.（如今，獲得博士學(xué)位可能需要近十年的時間，而且，在你的課程結(jié)束時，你不太可能找到一個終身職位。）”從而得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“MLAreport”將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段最后一句。根據(jù)“Butthatleavesoutthethousandsofunemployedgraduatesfrompastyearswhoarestilljob-hunting.（但這還不包括過去幾年來仍在找工作的數(shù)千名失業(yè)畢業(yè)生。）”即可得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第四段。根據(jù)“Somecriticsthinkthatthehumanitieshavegottentooweird”“overlytheoreticalapproach”“teachingopportunitieshavedisappeared”（一些批評家認(rèn)為人文學(xué)科已經(jīng)變得太奇怪了，“過于理論化的方法”，“教學(xué)機(jī)會已經(jīng)消失了”）”,即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第五段。根據(jù)“Essentially,collegesgrewlesseliteandmorevocational.（從本質(zhì)上講，大學(xué)變得不那么精英化，而是更加職業(yè)化。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段。根據(jù)“collegeshavehadtooffermorecareer-focusedmajors,infieldslikebusiness（大學(xué)不得不提供更多以職業(yè)為導(dǎo)向的專業(yè)，比如商科）”“humanitiesdepartmentshavefoundthemselvesdriftingawayfromthecenteroftheuniversity（人文學(xué)系發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在遠(yuǎn)離大學(xué)的中心）”即可得出本題答案。

2.單選題

Formorethan20years,we'vebeensupportingeducationalprogramsthat（

）fromkindergartenstocolleges.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spread

B.shift

C.move

D.range

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。rangefrom“從…到…（一個范圍）”；spreadfrom“從…傳播”；shiftfrom“從…轉(zhuǎn)移”；movefrom“從…搬走”。句意：20多年以來，我們一直在支持從幼兒園到大學(xué)的教育項(xiàng)目。該句表示從幼兒園到大學(xué)這個跨度范圍，故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgent

B.instant

C.prompt

D.hasty

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)urgent“緊急的；急迫的”；B選項(xiàng)instant“立即的；緊急的；緊迫的”；C選項(xiàng)prompt“敏捷的；立刻的；準(zhǔn)時的”；D選項(xiàng)hasty“輕率的；匆忙的；懈怠的”。句意：我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)記住，……決定往往導(dǎo)致痛苦的后悔。讓自己后悔的應(yīng)為“輕率的決定”，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Thesinger’sperformancewassoexcitingthatmanyofhisfanswere（

）enthusiasm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stirredupwith

B.fantasizedwith

C.takebackwith

D.carriedawaywith

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。carryawaywith表示“使失去自制力”。句意：這位歌手的表演是如此令人興奮，以至于很多他的粉絲狂熱而失去了自制力。D項(xiàng)符合題意。fantasize幻想、想象；stirup煽動；takeback帶回。

5.單選題

Theresearchsuggestsawaveofpossibleprotectionismin2010assuchinvestigationsleadtothe（

）ofanti-dumpingpenalties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposition

B.distribution

C.imposition

D.allocation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。disposition“處置；傾向”；distribution“分布；分配”；imposition“征收；強(qiáng)加”；allocation“分配”。句意：研究表明，此類調(diào)查會導(dǎo)致一系列反傾銷懲罰措施出臺，在2010年可能會掀起一股保護(hù)主義熱潮。只有C項(xiàng)能與anti-dumpingpenalties搭配。

6.單選題

Themostnoticeabletrendamongtoday’smediacompaniesisverticalintegration—anattempttocontrolseveralrelatedaspectsofthemediabusinessatonce,eachparthelpingtheother.Besidespublishingmagazinesandbooks,TimeWarner,forexample,ownsHomeBoxOffice(HBO),Warnermoviestudios,variouscableTVsystemsthroughouttheUnitedStatesandCNNaswell.TheJapanesecompanyMatsushitaownsMCARecordsandUniversalStudiosandmanufacturesbroadcastproductionequipment.

Todescribethefinancialstatusoftoday’smediaisalsototalkaboutacquisitions.Themediaarebuyingandsellingeachotherinunprecedentednumbersandformingmediagroupstopositionthemselvesinthemarketplacetomaintainandincreasetheirprofits.In1986,thefirsttimeabroadcastnetworkhadbeensold,twonetworksweresoldthatyear—ABCandNBC.

Mediaacquisitionshaveskyrocketedsince1980fortworeasons.Thefirstisthatmostbigcorporationstodayarepubliclytradedcompanies,whichmeansthattheirstockistradedononeofthenation’sstockexchanges.Thismakesacquisitionsrelativelyeasy.

Amediacompanythatwantstobuyapubliclyownedcompanycanbuythatcompany’sstockwhenthestockbecomesavailable.TheopenavailabilityofstockinthesecompaniesmeansthatanybodywithenoughmoneycaninvestintheAmericanmediaindustries,whichisexactlyhowRupertMurdochjoinedthemediabusiness.

Thesecondreasonfortheincreaseinmediaalliancesisthatbeginningin1980,theFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)graduallyderegulatedthebroadcastmedia.Before1980,forexample,theFCCallowedonecompanytoownonlyfiveTVstations,liveAMradiostations,andfiveFMradiostations;Companiesalsowererequiredtoholdontoastationforthreeyearsbeforethestationcouldbesold.Thepost-1980FCCeliminatedthethree-yearruleandraisedthenumberofbroadcastholdingsallowedforoneowner.Thistrendofmediaacquisitionsiscontinuingthroughoutthe1990s,aschangingtechnologyexpandsthemarketformediaproducts.

Theissueofmediaownershipisimportant.Ifonlyafewcorporationsdirectthemediaindustriesinthiscountry,theoutletsfordifferingpoliticalviewpointsandinnovativeideascouldbelimited.

1.WhatdoTimeWarnerandMatsushitahaveincommon?

2.Itistrueaboutthemediamentionedinthepassagethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmakesacquisitionseasier?

4.TheFCC’snewpolicyregardingmediaalliancesisthat（）.

5.Theissueofmediaownershipisimportantbecause（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheybothbelongtoRupertMurdoch.

B.TheyarebothbigAmericanmediacorporations.

C.Theyarebothoutletofdifferingviewpointsandinnovativeideas.

D.Theybothownseveraldifferentbutrelatedmediabusinesses.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.usedtosellandbuyeachotheringreatnumbers

B.aretradingeachotheringreaternumberstoday

C.usedtobecontrolledbytwonetworks—ABCandNBC

D.havestoppedthetrendofacquisitionsinthe1990s

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thechangingtechnologyemployedbythemedia.

B.Themedia’sincreasingprofitsinthemarketplace.

C.TheeventougherregulationsoftheFCConthemediasince1980.

D.Theavailabilityofthemedia’sstocksonstockexchanges.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itallowscompaniestoselltheirstockspublicly

B.itdoesn’tallowcompaniestoselltheirstockspublicly

C.itpermitsonecompanytoownmoremediabusinessesatthesametime

D.itmeansthatmoreandmorepeoplewillholdontoonlyafewstations

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itaffectstheamountofmoneythestockholderswillmake

B.itdecideswhetherwecanhavedifferentaspectsofthemedia

C.itconcernsthechannelsthroughwhichtoexpressopinions

D.itmeansthatmoreandmorepeoplewillholdontoonlyafewstations

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Themostnoticeabletrendamongtoday’smediacompaniesisverticalintegration—anattempttocontrolseveralrelatedaspectsofthemediabusinessatonce,eachparthelpingtheother.”，可知在當(dāng)今的媒體公司中，最引人注目的趨勢是縱向一體化，即試圖同時控制媒體業(yè)務(wù)的幾個相關(guān)方面，每個部分都互相扶持。下文就用TimeWarner和Matsushita這兩家公司進(jìn)行了舉例說明?？膳袛喑鰞杉夜镜墓餐c(diǎn)在于他們都擁有幾家不同但相關(guān)的媒體公司。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Themediaarebuyingandsellingeachotherinunprecedentednumbersandformingmediagroupstopositionthemselvesinthemarketplacetomaintainandincreasetheirprofits.”，可知媒體正以前所未有的數(shù)量相互買賣，并組建媒體集團(tuán)，以便在市場上站穩(wěn)腳跟，維持和增加利潤。可判斷出文章中提到的媒體正大量地進(jìn)行交易。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Thefirstisthatmostbigcorporationstodayarepubliclytradedcompanies,whichmeansthattheirstockistradedononeofthenation’sstockexchanges.”，可知首先，如今媒體大多數(shù)大公司都是上市公司，這意味著它們的股票可以在國家的股票市場交易。可判斷出收購交易數(shù)量增加的原因就在于媒體股票在股票市場中交易的實(shí)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Thepost-1980FCCeliminatedthethree-yearruleandraisedthenumberofbroadcastholdingsallowedforoneowner.”，可知1980年以后，F(xiàn)CC廢除了三年售出禁令并提高了一個老板可擁有傳媒公司的數(shù)量?？膳袛喑鯢CC在媒體公司方面的新政策是它允許一家公司同時擁有更多的媒體業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifonlyafewcorporationsdirectthemediaindustriesinthiscountry,theoutletsfordifferingpoliticalviewpointsandinnovativeideascouldbelimited.”，可知如果只有少數(shù)幾家公司在這個國家管理媒體產(chǎn)業(yè)，那么發(fā)表不同的政治觀點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新思想的渠道可能會受到限制?？膳袛喑雒襟w所有權(quán)的問題很重要，原因在于它關(guān)乎到人們表達(dá)意見和觀點(diǎn)的渠道。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

ThoughhewasbornandbroughtupinAmerican,hecanspeak（）Chinese.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluid

B.smooth

C.fluent

D.flowing

【答案】C

【解析】句意:雖然他出生并成長于美國，但是他的漢語很流利。

考查形容詞辨析。fluid流動的；液體的；smooth平滑的；fluent流利的；flowing流動的。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.單選題

Whenproductsmadeinfactories（）,theyarethrownawayasgarbage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cometoanend

B.areputtouse

C.areusedup

D.wearout

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)cometoanend“結(jié)束”；B選項(xiàng)areputtouse“使用，利用”；C選項(xiàng)areusedup“用完，用盡”；D選項(xiàng)wearout“磨損，耗盡，穿破”。句意：當(dāng)工廠生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品用壞了，就會作為垃圾扔掉。選項(xiàng)D最符合語境。

9.單選題

Thetaleisbasedonthe______ideaofamanwhoremainsyoungwhilehisportraitonthewallgrowsold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tentative

B.whimsical

C.querulous

D.cynical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)tentative“試驗(yàn)性的，暫定的，躊躇的”，B項(xiàng)whimsical“古怪的，異想天開的”，C項(xiàng)querulous“易怒的，暴躁的，愛發(fā)牢騷的”，D項(xiàng)cynical“憤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的”。根據(jù)后面的定語從句“掛在墻上的肖像會變老，而他卻依然年輕”可知，四個選項(xiàng)中“異想天開的”符合。句意：這個故事是基于一個人的異想天開的想法，他仍然年輕，而他的肖像在墻上變老。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Heusescolor,lightandformquitedifferentlyfromtheconventionalstyleofhis（

）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)descendant“子孫，后裔”；B選項(xiàng)predecessor“前任，前輩”；C選項(xiàng)successor“后繼者，繼承人”；D選項(xiàng)ancestor“祖宗，祖先”，分析空格前后的句子成分，是一個所有格短語，充當(dāng)介詞from的賓語，意思可以理解為“前輩的傳統(tǒng)表達(dá)方式”，句意為：他在色彩、光線和形式方面，做法完全不同于他前輩的傳統(tǒng)方式。故正確答案選B。

11.單選題

Isecondhismotionthatwe（）aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallsetup

B.setup

C.wouldsetlip

D.sets

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我贊成他的提議，我們成立一個特別委員會來審查這個問題。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。在motion(提議，議案)這類表示建議勸告等的從句中，動詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，即should+原形，should可省略，因此B正確。

12.單選題

Classroomtesting,ifwelldone,mostcertainly（）astimulustostudyandreallearning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.actsfor

B.actson

C.actsas

D.actsto

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。actsfor代理；actson對……起作用；按照……行事；actsas作為，擔(dān)當(dāng)；actsto，無此搭配。根據(jù)句意：課堂測試如果做得好，肯定會刺激真正的學(xué)習(xí)。這里指classroomtesting作為astimulus的手段。所以選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Nowadaysmanypeoplebecomeunemployedasaresultofthewideintroductionof（

）inbigindustries

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimation

B.automation

C.transformation

D.conformation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如今，一些大型工業(yè)廣泛采用自動化技術(shù)，造成很多人失業(yè)。

名詞辨析。estimation判斷，評價;automation自動化;transformation轉(zhuǎn)變，改革;conformation結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)造。B符合句意。

14.案例題

Home-TheNewWorkplace

Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.

ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”

“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”

However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.

“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”

Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.

Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”

“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”

Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.

UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.

NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.

ListofPeople

AScottMiller

BJoanneMcCarthy

CLouiseTate

DGeorgeMercer

ENoneoftheabove

FAlloftheabove

Descriptions

（）needstobegoodatmath.

（）isnotself-employed.

（）hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.

（）doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.

試題缺失

（）thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.

（）helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.

（）livesonthecoast.

【答案】1.C

2.A和B

3.D

4.C

5.試題缺失

6.B

7.E

8.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第六段，“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”，可知LouiseTate是一名會計師，過去常常往返于她的辦公室和家之間，往返一個小時，然后才決定出更好的方法?？膳袛喑鯨ouise必須要擅長數(shù)學(xué)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段，“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”，可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年?？膳袛喑鏊ぷ鞯墓静皇亲灾鹘?jīng)營的，選項(xiàng)A可選。又根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy現(xiàn)在已成為股票市場的全職交易員，可判斷出她的工作也不屬于自主經(jīng)營，選項(xiàng)B可選。

3.根據(jù)文章第七段，“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”，可知當(dāng)GeorgeMercer四年前開始創(chuàng)業(yè)時，無法決定把哪家咖啡館作為主要基地，所以決定了在家里設(shè)立辦公室?？膳袛喑鏊呀?jīng)在家辦公4年了，結(jié)合上下文比較，他是在家辦公時間最長的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第六段，“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”，可知在家工作最大的問題是分心，可判斷出這是LouiseTate最大的問題，所以她不需要與客戶互動來開展他們的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.試題缺失

6.根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy喜歡在家工作給她帶來的自由，但她真的很懷念社交活動?？膳袛喑鏊J(rèn)為在家工作不太成功。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.縱觀全文，對于文中提到的所有工作者，都沒有提及他們是否幫助別人保持了工作，選項(xiàng)E符合題意。

8.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段，“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”，可知GeorgeMercer的辦公室設(shè)在勞德代爾堡(FortLauderdale)海濱別墅（他的家），并通過電話與多位經(jīng)理保持聯(lián)系。可判斷出GeorgeMercer的家在海邊。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Manyyearsagopeoplethoughttheearthwasflat.Theybelievedthatthesky（）abigup-side-downbowlandthatthesun,moon,andstarswerelampshangingfromthetopofthebowl.Later,people（）better.Theyfoundoutthattheearth（）round.

Wecallthestudyoftheskiesandtheplanetsastronomy,（）wecallthewatchersoftheskiesastronomer.EarlyastronomersthoughttheearthwasthecenterofTheythoughttheheavensspun（）theearth.Later,theychangedtheir（）Theyknewtheearthwasnotthecenter.Theybelievedthattheearthandthe（）planetsspinaroundthesun.Todayweknowthisistrue.

Ancientscientistsstudiedtheskies（）simpleinstruments.Thefirstperson（）atele-scopewasnamedGalileo.In1610（）fourmoonsaroundtheplanetJupiter.Today（）usemorecomplexequipment.Someofthesemeasurethebrightnessoflight.（）breaklightsupintodifferentcolors.Radiotelescopesmakestarsandplanets（）farcloserthanGalileo’stelescopecould.Earlyastronomers（）fiveplanetsinthesky.BesidesEarth,theyknewaboutmercury,Ve-nus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.In1781aseventhonewasdiscoveredandnamedUranus.Yearslat-er,astronomersfoundanotherplanetandcalleditNeptune.TheninthplanettobefoundiscalledPluto.Itwasnot（）until1930.

Todayscientistscan（）almostanywhere.Theyhavereachedtheheavenswiththeirspace-craft.In1959,aspacecraft（）tookpicturesofthedarksideofthemoon.TheyearslateraspacecraftlandedtwoAmericansonthemoon.Otherimportantjourneysintospace（）.Whoknows?Maybe（）humanbeingswillliveonanotherplanet.Maybeyouwillbeoneofthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.was

C.hadbeen

D.were

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.spoke

B.told

C.knew

D.swore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.is

D.were

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.but

C.yet

D.still

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.round

C.about

D.along

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.jobs

B.minds

C.suggestion

D.advice

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.remained

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.on

C.with

D.within

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.touse

B.used

C.uses

D.ofusing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.invented

B.created

C.saw

D.discovered

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.musicians

B.carpenters

C.astronomers

D.scholars

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Theother

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.look

B.looking

C.tolook

D.looks

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.couldhaveseen

B.couldsee

C.hadseen

D.saw

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.trapped

B.served

C.discovered

D.settled

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.run

B.explore

C.play

D.relax

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.first

B.firstly

C.forthefirst

D.firstofall

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.hadfollowed

C.werefollowing

D.follow

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.someday

B.someday

C.somedays

D.somedays

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:A

【解析】1.語法分析。謂語動詞believed為一般過去式，主語thesky為第三人稱單數(shù)，因此選B。

2.詞義辨析。句意：人們得更多。knew知道、了解，符合句意。

3.語法分析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地球是圓的。屬于客觀事實(shí)，謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選C。

4.邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我們將對天空和星球的研究稱為天文學(xué)，我們將星空觀察者稱為天文學(xué)家。前后兩句為并列關(guān)系，故選A。

5.詞義辨析。句意：早期的天文學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球是宇宙萬物的中心。D項(xiàng)everything意為“所有事物”,符合句意。

6.固定搭配。此處句意為：他們認(rèn)為天堂圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。spinaround為固定搭配意為“圍繞……旋轉(zhuǎn)”。

7.詞義辨析。此處句意應(yīng)為：他們改變了想法/認(rèn)知。jobs工作；minds想法；suggestion建議；advice建議。

8.詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為地球和行星圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。other其他的；another另外一個；rest剩余的；remain剩下的。故選A。

9.介詞辨析。句意：古代科學(xué)家通過簡易工具研究天空。by憑借……工具或手段；on在……上面；with伴隨；within在……里面。故選A。

10.語法分析?？崭裉帒?yīng)為定語修飾主語。而動詞不定式和動名詞形式可以做定語。故A項(xiàng)為動詞不定式做定語正確。

11.詞義辨析。句意：1610年，在木星周圍了四顆衛(wèi)星。invented發(fā)明；created創(chuàng)造；saw看見；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

12.詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)如今使用更精密的設(shè)備。C項(xiàng)astronomers（天文學(xué)家）正確。

13.關(guān)聯(lián)。根據(jù)前半句someof（有些）推斷空格處應(yīng)為Theothers（其他的）。

14.語法分析。Make為使役動詞，后面跟動詞原形。故選A。

15.語法分析?？崭裉幨菍^去的一種推測：早期的天文學(xué)家可能已經(jīng)看到了天空中的五顆行星。因此用could表示推測。

16.詞義辨析。句意：直到1930年科學(xué)家才它。trapped誘捕、陷入困境；served招待、服務(wù)；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；settled定居、解決。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家?guī)缀跄軌蛴钪娴娜魏蔚胤健un運(yùn)行、跑；explore探索；play玩耍；relax放松。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.詞義辨析。句意：在1959年，一艘宇宙飛船首次拍到黑暗的月球上的照片。A項(xiàng)first意為“第一次”,而其他選項(xiàng)都表示“首先”，故選A。

19.語法分析。此句講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此用一般過去時。

20.詞義辨析。句意：或許總有一天，人們會居住到另外一個星球。因此A項(xiàng)someday（有一天）正確。

16.單選題

Spiesmayhaveanumberof______namesandpapers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.synthetic

C.false

D.pretended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)artificial“（力求自然）人造的”，anartificiallimb“假肢”；B選項(xiàng)synthetic“（用化學(xué)物質(zhì)人工）合成的”，syntheticdrugs“合成藥物”；C選項(xiàng)false“偽造的”，afalsepassport“假護(hù)照”；D選項(xiàng)pretended“假裝的”。句意：間諜可能有許多______的名字和文件。根據(jù)語境，間諜為了假冒身份，有許多false“偽造的”文件。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Thegovernment（

）aheavytaxontobacco,whicharousedoppositionfromthetobaccoindustry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pronounced

B.imposed

C.complied

D.prescribed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pronounced“發(fā)音，斷言”；B選項(xiàng)imposed“欺騙，把……強(qiáng)加于”；C選項(xiàng)complied“遵照”；D選項(xiàng)prescribed“開（藥）”。句意：政府向煙草（）重稅，這引起了煙草行業(yè)的不滿。這里的詞義是要填征收（稅），所以答案選B，固定搭配imposetax“征稅”。

18.單選題

Itwasduringsummerbreaksthatwefirsttastethesatisfactionworkthat（

）intohardcurrency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.translates

B.transfers

C.transplants

D.transmits

【答案】A

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。translate“變換”；transfer“移交，遷移”；transplant“移植（器官）”；transmit“傳輸，傳播”。句意：暑假期間，我們第一次品嘗到了把勞動變成貨幣的滋味。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Hecompliedwiththerequirementthatallgraduatestudentsineducation______athesis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。與動詞require的賓語從句謂語動詞需用虛擬語氣一樣，名詞requirement的同位語從句或表語從句的謂語動詞也需用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形，should可省略。句意：他遵守了所有教育學(xué)研究生都要寫畢業(yè)論文的要求。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Marriedcouplescangetadivorceiftheyfindtheyarenot（

）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.comparable

C.comfortable

D.communicable

【答案】A

【解析】compatible能共處的,兼容的；comparable可比較的,比得上的；communicable可傳達(dá)的,會傳染的。句意:已婚夫婦如果發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此不能和諧共處,可以選擇離婚。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

21.單選題

Aboutacenturyage,theSwedishphysicalscientistArrheniusproposedalawofclassicalchemistrythatrelateschemicalreactionratetotemperature.AccordingtotheArrheniusequation,chemicalreactionsareincreasinglyunlikelytooccurastemperaturesapproachabsolutezero,andatabsolutezero(zerodegreesKelvin,orminus273degreesCelsius)reactionsstop.HoweverrecentexperimentalevidencerevealsthatalthoughtheArrheniusequationisgenerallyaccurateindescribingthekindofchemicalreactionthatoccursatrelativelyhightemperatures,attemperaturesclosertozeroaquantum-mechanicaleffectknownastunnelingcomesintoplay;thiseffectaccountsforchemicalreactionsthatareforbiddenbytheprinciplesofclassicalchemistry.Spe