考研考博-英語-晉城職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-晉城職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThoughonemayquestionthedegreetowhichtheCivilWarrepresentsamilestoneinwomen’spursuitofsocial,economic,andpoliticalequality,Leonard’srecentstudyhasexcelledthatofherpredecessorGinzbergindebunkingpersistentmythsaboutwomen’sprimaryrelationtothewarasweepingwidows,self-sacrificingwives,patrioticfiancees,andloyaldaughters.Leonardasksifthewartimeworkofnorthernwomeninfluencedpopularperceptionsofwomen’sabilities,andifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers.Findingintheaffirmative,shearguesthathomefrontactivitiesgeneratedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen,whileparticipationreinforcedtheirself-relianceandself-esteem.

Incontrasttoherpredecessors,whosawthewarastransformingtheideologyofbenevolence,Leonardfindsthatwomen’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.Itwasoncebelievedthatwartimebenevolenceheightenedchangesemerginginthe1850sbyreplacingtheantebellumideologyofgenderdifferenceandfemalemoralsuperioritywithanewideologyofgendersimilarityandamoremasculineethosofdisciplineandefficiency.Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.

AweakpointofLeonard’stheoryisherassessmentofthethemesofpostwarhistoriesofwomen’swartimeservice.Leonardviewstheseworksasextollingwomen’sself-sacrificeandabilitytocooperatemenwhiledownplayingwomen’sdemandsforstatusandpayandignoringthescopeofwomen’sadministrativegenius.Butothertheorists,mostnotablyGinzbergthavearguedthatthesesameworksmayalsobeviewedaspraisingtheefficiencyofthenewcentralizedandnationalcharitableorganizations,women’swage-earningcapacity,andtheirsubordinationoffemininefeelingandenthusiasmtobusiness-likeandwar-likeroutinizationandorder.Twosetsofvalues—oldernotionsofbenevolenceandnewdemandsofpublicservice—wereatwarintheNorth,awarthatcanbeplottedthroughtensionsaboutpayingwages,centralizingcorporatefunctionsofbenevolence,relatingbenevolencetogovernment,andusingfundsforadministrative—asopposedtostrictlycharitable—purposes.Itmaywellbethatwartimemasculinizationoftheideologyofbenevolencepushedwomenfurtherfromboththesymbolicandtherealcentersofpowerforsocialchangeandhastenedinsteadaclass-basedallianceforsocialwelfare.ButwecanagreewithLeonardthatthewarforcedmentoyieldground,sharingandsometimesevensurrenderingterritory,power,andstatusinthepublicrealm.

25.WhichoftheFollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

26.Accordingtothepassage，Leonardassertsthatwomen’sactivitiesduringtheCivilWarhadallofthefollowingpositiveeffectsEXCEPT

27.Itcanbeinferred-fromthepassagethatLeonardwouldagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofwomenduringtheCivilWar?

I.Antebellumvalueswereexpanded,notreplaced,inordertodevelopnewdefinitionsofwomanhood.

II.Historianshavepaidinsufficientattentiontodemandsforhigherstatuswomenmadeduringthewar.

III.Onthewhole,thewarwasdetrimentaltotheperceptionofwomen.

28.ItcanbeinferredthatLeonardwouldmostlikelyconsiderwhichofthefollowinghypotheticalcasesofCivilWarwomentheLEASTsupportiveofherthesis?

29.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

30.WithwhichofthefollowingcriticismsofLeonard'stheorywouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.TheInfluenceofElizabethLeonardonHistoriansofFeminismintheCivilWar

B.Leonard’sExplanationofHowtheCivilWarImprovedthePlightofWomen

C.FeminismintheCivilWar:NewControversyAboutanOldSubject

D.TheHeritageofBenevolence:TheCivilWar’sContributiontoWomen'sCharitableOrganizations

問題2選項

A.Theywerepraisedasaidingthewarcause.

B.Theyimprovedwomen'seconomicsituation.

C.Theywereconsideredproofofwomen’sabilitiestoorganizethemselves.

D.Theycreatednewoccupationalopportunitiesforwomen.

問題3選項

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問題4選項

A.Awidowwhopatrioticallyrefusedtoremarry,evenafterhersoldierhusbandwaskilledinbattle

B.Awomanwhoshiftedfromworkingasaseamstresstorunninganarmyuniformfactory

C.AwomanwhodressedasaSouthernsoldierinordertocrossenemylinesasaspy

D.Awomanwhoestablishedacharityinordertocollectmoneyforprosthesesforwaramputees

問題5選項

A.Theauthorcomparesandcontraststheworkofseveralhistoriansandthendiscussesareasforpossiblenewresearch.

B.Theauthorpresentshisthesis,drawsontheworkofseveralhistoriansforevidencetosupporthisthesis,andconcludesbyreiteratinghisthesis,

C.Theauthordescribessomefeaturesofahistoricalstudyandthenusesthosefeaturestoputforthhisownargument

D.Theauthorpresentsthegeneralargumentofahistoricalstudy,describesthestudyinmoredetail,andconcludeswithabriefjudgmentofthestudy’svalue

問題6選項

A.Itlaystoomuchimportanceupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.

B.Itfailstoacknowledgethatmasculinizationofwar-timeeffortsmayhavebeendetrimentaltothefeministcause.

C.Ittendstooveremphasizetheroleofwomeninshiftingtheirstatusoverthecourseofthewar.

D.Itbasesitsthesistooexclusivelyonwhite,Yankee,middle-classwomen,ignoringeveryothersocialandracialclass.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:A

【解析】25.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者全文探討的重點是對于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)給女性（女權(quán)）帶來的影響，作者及其前輩研究者持有不同的觀點。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“CivilWar”“women”“othertheorists…argue…”即可得出本題答案。

26.

細(xì)節(jié)事實題?？蓪⑿畔Ⅻc定位至原文第一段，根據(jù)信息點“ifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers（是否后方生產(chǎn)被認(rèn)為有助于提高士兵的戰(zhàn)備）”“generatedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen（尊重婦女的組織才能，為婦女創(chuàng)造新的工作機會）”，即可得出A、C、D三項符合原文，而選項B原文并未提及，從而得出本題答案。

試題答案B

27.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。將信息點定位至原文第二段第三句和第四句，“Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.”從而可判斷I與原文相符。而II、III明顯與原文不符，從而得出本題答案。

28.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。注意題干關(guān)鍵詞“theleastsupportive”，根據(jù)原文信息點“charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhood”“expandtheboundaries”“broughtforthpositivechanges”即可得出本題答案。

29.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析題。通讀全文后即可發(fā)現(xiàn)選項D最為吻合作者的行文結(jié)構(gòu)。從而得出本題答案。

30.

事實推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段信息點“women’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.（婦女戰(zhàn)爭工作在很大程度上借鑒了戰(zhàn)前婦女的性質(zhì)和范圍的意識形態(tài)。）”即可進行合理推斷。從而得出本題答案。

2.單選題

Althoughthistheorywasneverrigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandoned（）theopposingview.

問題1選項

A.infavorof

B.inplaceof

C.insteadof

D.intermsof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。infavorof“贊同，支持”；inplaceof“代替”；insteadof“代替，而不是……”；intermsof“在……方面”。句意：盡管這一理論沒有被嚴(yán)格地被反駁過，但是教條會被拋棄，而轉(zhuǎn)向它的對立面。選項A符合題意。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥恚@樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)?。但是，一定的年齡總有一定的長處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過了部分盛年，在未來的經(jīng)歷中，依然會有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達到頂峰。

原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開口大笑了，又由于笑對周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開始具有了人類社會所特有的價值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來傳播愉快能力的人，開始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會的喜愛。

當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個多小時。從中國區(qū)地球另一端的美國，也能在日歷的同一天到達。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。

【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.

Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.

TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.

4.翻譯題

PassageOne

Abeachedwhaleisawhalewhichhasbecomestrandedonland,usuallyonabeach.Beachingisoftenfatalforwhales,astheybecomedehydratedanddie.Whaleshavebeenfoundbeachedthroughouthumanhistoryandsomanystandingscanbeattributedtonaturalandenvironmentalfactors.Therecouldbemanynaturalreasonslikeroughweather,weaknessduetooldageorinfection,difficultygivingbirth,huntingtooclosetoshoreandnavigationalmistakes.Asinglestrandedanimalcanprompttheentirepodtorespondtoitsdistresssignalsandbecomestranded.In2004,scientistsattheUniversityofTasmaniafoundalinkbetweenwhalestandingsandtheweather.ItishypothesizedthatwhencoolAntarcticwatersrichinsquidandfishflownorth,whalesfollowtheirpreyclosertowardslandmakingthemmorepronetostranding.Insomecasespredators(suchaskillerwhales)havebeenknowntopanicwhales,herdingthemtowardstheshoreline.Strandingscanbegroupedintoseveraldifferenttypes.Themostobviousdistinctionsarebetweensingleandmultiplestandings.Singlelivestrandingsareoftentheresultofanillnessorinjury,whichwouldalmostinevitablyendindeathunlessapasser-byknowshowtoreact.

Multiplestrandingsofdeadanimalsinonelocalityarerareandoftencauseagreatdealofmediacoverageaswellasrescueeffortsbysympathetichumans.Evenmultipleoffshoredeathsareunlikelytoleadtomultiplestrandingsduetothevariablewindsandcurrentsscatteringtheanimalsacrossthesea.Akeyfactorinmanyofthesecasesappearstobethestrongsocialcohesionamongsttoothedwhales.Ifonewhalegetsintotrouble,itsdistresscallsmayprompttherestofthegrouptofollowandbecomebeachedthemselves.Thereisnodefinitivespecificcauseformassstrandings.Insteadtheymayhappenduetonumerousfactorsthatcanactincombination.Manyhavebeenproposed,withsomeseekingtoexplainonlyasubsetofcases;however,theyaredifficulttoproveconclusivelyandaresometimescontroversial.

PassageTwo

Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantofaJaguarXK4.2-S.Somight“PrideandPrejudice”havestartedhadJaneAusten,whowaspaid￡110(￡3,200,or$5,700,intoday’smoney)foroneofthebestsellingnovelsever,beenluckyenoughtoliveinanerawhichofferedthemutuallybeneficialpartnershipbetweencreativetalentandcommercialsponsorshipknownasproductplacement.

Seehowswiftlytheherorunsinhisflashnewtrainers?Noticehowluxuriantlytheshowergelfoamsontheheroine’sback?That’sprobablybecausethecompaniesthatmakethoseproductshavepaidtheproducersofthoseprogramsfatfeestoportraytheirwaresnicely.Productplacement,whichgavebirthtotheoriginalsoapoperascreatedtosellwashingpowders,isback.

Digitaltechnologyisthereason.Viewerscannoweffortlesslyskiptheads,sobroadcastersandthecompaniesthatusedtobuyairtimeforcommercialsaretryingtofindbetterwaystocatchpeople’sattention.Productplacementisonepromisingoption,butitiscontroversial.ItisallowedinAmericabutmostlybannedintheEuropeanUnion.ConsumerorganizationsacrossEuropeopposetheintroductionofproductplacement,savingitwouldunderminetrustinbroadcasters.EuropeanproducersandbroadcasterscomplainthatthisisunfairbecausetheirAmericanrivalsbenefitfromasourceofincomedeniedtothem,andsenselessbecauseAmericanprogramsanywayappearonEuropeanscreens.TheEUisthereforeplanningtolegalizeproductplacement,buttheproposalfacessomeopposition,viewerswatchingads,saythecritics,arefairgamebecausetheyknowthey’rebeingsoldstuff.Whenthey’rewatchingprograms,bycontrast,theydon’trealizethatproductsarebeingpromoted.

Butifadvertisingthatslipsimperceptiblyintopeople’sbrainsweretobebanned,agreatdealofwhatgoesonnowwouldbeoutlawed.Afterall,driversspinningpastbillboardsdon’tnecessarilyconsciouslyclockthemessagethey’veseen;oftentheyfileitunconsciously—asyoubrowsingthroughthesepages,maywellabsorbthenotionthatanexpensivewatchoranewphonewillchangeyourlifeinsomevaguebutenticingway.Asforpeoplewhobelievetheliteraltruthofwhattheyseeinsoapoperas—well,noamountofregulationcanprotectthemfromthemselves.

Anyhow,governmentsdon’tneedtopoliceentertainmentcontent-producerswilldoitthemselves.WhenFayWeldon,anovelist,wroteabookforBulgari,ajewelrymanufacturer,afewyearsago,itwasnotwidelyviewedasaliterarygem.Neithershe,noranybodyelsewithareputationworthkeeping,hastriedthatagain.Whichisjustaswell:theworldwouldhavebeenapoorerplacehadMr.BingleybeenmoreinterestedinhisridethanintheBennetgirls.

Directions:Eachofthefollowingtwopassageshassomeunderlinedparts.TranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】（1）【參考譯文】擱淺的鯨魚是擱淺在陸地（通常是在海灘上）的鯨魚。擱淺對鯨魚來說通常是致命的，因為它們會脫水死亡。在整個人類歷史中，鯨魚一直被發(fā)現(xiàn)擱淺，有很多擱淺是由于自然和環(huán)境因素。可能有許多自然原因，比如惡劣的天氣、年老或感染導(dǎo)致的身體虛弱、分娩困難、獵食離海岸太近以及導(dǎo)航錯誤。

（2）【參考譯文】在一個地方多次擱淺死去的動物是罕見的，經(jīng)常引起大量媒體報道和同情的人們的救援努力。由于多變的風(fēng)和洋流將這些動物分散在海中，即使是多次離岸死亡也不太可能導(dǎo)致多次擱淺。其中一個關(guān)鍵因素就是齒鯨之間強大的社會凝聚力。如果一頭鯨魚遇到麻煩，它發(fā)出的求救信號可能會促使其他鯨魚跟隨并擱淺。

PassageTwo

（1）【參考譯文】看到男主穿著他的新運動鞋跑得有多快了嗎？注意到女主角背上的沐浴露泡沫有多豐富嗎？這可能是因為生產(chǎn)這些產(chǎn)品的公司已經(jīng)向這些節(jié)目的制作者支付了大筆費用，以使他們的產(chǎn)品能被很好地描繪出來。讓被創(chuàng)造來銷售洗衣粉的最初肥皂劇產(chǎn)生的產(chǎn)品植入又回來了。

（2）【參考譯文】數(shù)字技術(shù)是原因。觀眾現(xiàn)在可以毫不費力地跳過廣告，所以以前為商業(yè)廣告而購買廣告時間的廣播電臺和公司，正在試圖找到更好的方法來引起人們的關(guān)注。產(chǎn)品植入是一個有前途的選擇，但它卻有爭議。盡管植入式廣告在美國被允許，但是在歐盟卻通常被禁止。考慮到可能危害廣播電臺的信用，歐洲的消費者組織反對產(chǎn)品植入。

（3）【參考譯文】但是，如果不知不覺地溜進人們大腦的廣告將被禁止，那么如今大量進行著的廣告將是不合法的。畢竟，轉(zhuǎn)過廣告牌的司機沒必要有意識地注視他們所見的廣告詞：他們經(jīng)常無意識地對廣告詞進行歸檔——因為，通過瀏覽這些廣告頁面，你可能很好地吸收這樣的概念，即一塊昂貴的手表或一部新的手機將以一些模糊但卻誘人的方式來改變你的生活。對于相信自己所看肥皂劇中字面真理的人而言，即使再多的監(jiān)管也不能讓他們免于來自自己本人的傷害。

5.單選題

5.

問題1選項

A.Herdaughterlikesballgames.

B.Herdaughterisanexcellentgirl.

C.Sheandherdaughteraregoodfriends.

D.Sheandherdaughterwon’tunderstandeachother.

【答案】D

【解析】W:I’vebeensoworriedaboutmydaughter.She’ssodifferentintemperamentfromme.Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling.

M:That’squitecommonwithmothersanddaughters.

W:Sheisafurtherpersonalityandverymuchontheball,butsheisanexcitablechild.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語。女士說：Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling，意思是他們經(jīng)常無法達成一致。

6.單選題

（

）John,Ibegantotrustmyfeelingsandbegantobelieveinmyability.

問題1選項

A.Dueto

B.Obligedto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Thanksto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:由于約翰，我開始相信自己的感覺和能力。

短語辨析。Dueto因為,由于;Obligedto不得不(做),后面不接原因狀語;Byvirtueof由于,憑借;Thanksto幸虧,由于,可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語。故選D。

7.翻譯題

Whileithasgraduallybeenintegratedintotheglobalsupplychain,China’smanufacturingsectorhashadtoconfrontenormouschallenges.Intermsofcapacityforscientificandtechnologicalinnovation,Chinaranks28thoutof49majorcountriesaroundtheglobe.WiththatrankingChinaisnotonlybehindthedevelopedworld,butalsobehindBrazil,Indiaandsomeotherdevelopingcountries.Inrecentyears,withgrowingamountsofdirectforeigninvestmentandtheadventofglobalization,multinationalshavequickenedthepaceoftechnologytransfers,affordingthecountryanopportunitytolearnthelatesttechnologies.

【答案】雖然中國已經(jīng)逐漸進入全球供應(yīng)鏈，但其制造業(yè)不得不面對巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。就科技創(chuàng)新能力而言，中國在全球49個主要國家中排名第28位。按照這樣的排名，中國不僅落后于發(fā)達國家，而且落后于巴西、印度和其他一些發(fā)展中國家。近年來，隨著外商直接投資的增加和全球化的到來，跨國公司加快了技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓步伐，為中國提供了學(xué)習(xí)最新技術(shù)的機會。

8.單選題

Theabilitytorecognizefacesissoimportantinhumansthatthebrainappearstohaveanareasolelydevotedtothetask:thefusiformgyrus.

Brainimagingstudiesconsistently（1）thatthisregionofthetemporallobebecomesactivewhen

（2）

lookatfaces.Skepticshavecountered,however,thatthesestudiesshowonlya

（3）

,butnotproof,thatactivityinthisareaisessentialforface

（4）

.Now,thankstothewillingnessofanintrepid

（5）

,anewstudyprovidesthefirstcause-and-effect

（6）

thatneuronsinthisareahelphumansrecognizefaces-andonly

（7）

，nototherbodypartsorobjects.

Anunusual

（8）

betweenresearchersandanepilepsypatientledtothe

（9）.RonBlackwell,anengineerinSantaClara,California,

（10）StanfordUniversityinPaloAlto,California,in2011seekingbettertreatment

（11）

hisepilepsy.Hehadsufferedseizuressincehewasateenager,andatage47,his

（12）

wasbecominglesseffective.StanfordneurologistJosefParvizi

（13）

someteststolocatethesourceoftheseizures-andalsosuggestedthatitmightbe

（14）

toeliminatetheseizuresbysurgicallydestroyingatiny

（15）

ofbraintissuewheretheyoccurred.

Parviziusedelectrodes

（16）

onBlackwell’sscalptotracetheseizurestothetemporallobe,aboutaninch

（17）

Blackwell’srightear.Then,surgeonsplacedmoreelectrodesonthe

（18）

ofBlackwell’sbrain,nearthesuspectpointoforigininthetemporal

（19）.Parvizistimulatedeachelectrodeinturnwithamildcurrent,trying

（20）Blackwell’sseizuresymptomsundersafeconditions.“Ifwegetthosesymptoms,weknowthatweareticklingtheseizurenode，”heexplains.

問題1選項

A.investigate

B.reveal

C.find

D.found

問題2選項

A.researchers

B.people

C.human

D.objects

問題3選項

A.corrosion

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.objects

問題4選項

A.recognition

B.realization

C.imagination

D.description

問題5選項

A.counterpart

B.fellow

C.sufferer

D.partner

問題6選項

A.evidence

B.source

C.wit

D.facture

問題7選項

A.facets

B.faces

C.facial

D.facile

問題8選項

A.collaboration

B.deliberation

C.matching

D.gathering

問題9選項

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.combination

D.discovery

問題10選項

A.droveto

B.heldup

C.cameto

D.madewayfor

問題11選項

A.for

B.forth

C.about

D.with

問題12選項

A.treatment

B.medication

C.perception

D.operation

問題13選項

A.pointed

B.managed

C.supplied

D.suggested

問題14選項

A.clear

B.worthy

C.possible

D.certain

問題15選項

A.area

B.segment

C.fragment

D.par

問題16選項

A.installed

B.settled

C.placed

D.distilled

問題17選項

A.around

B.above

C.beneath

D.across

問題18選項

A.surface

B.surficial

C.surfer

D.surfeit

問題19選項

A.scalp

B.section

C.lobe

D.leaf

問題20選項

A.toirrigate

B.totrigger

C.tobarrel

D.toflick

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】（1）考查動詞詞義辨析。investigate調(diào)查，研究；reveal揭露，透露；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。這里指“通過腦成像研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)”，所以C項符合題意。答案C。

（2）考查名詞詞義辨析。此處意為：當(dāng)人們看著人臉時，顳葉的這一區(qū)域會變得活躍。people這里泛指所有人，故答案為B。

（3）考查名詞詞義辨析。corrosion腐蝕；counterfeit偽造品；correction改正；objects物體。由后文的“butnotproof沒有證據(jù)”可知C項正確。答案C。

（4）考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition識別，承認(rèn)；realization實現(xiàn)，領(lǐng)悟；imagination想象力；description描述。文章開頭就指出“面孔識別能力非常重要”，故A項正確。答案A。

（5）考查名詞詞義辨析。intrepid勇敢的，無畏的，由于癲癇是一種病，綜合上下文，可以知道這里是選擇患者。Counterpart配對物；fellow同事；sufferer患者，受害者；partner伙伴，合伙人。答案C。

（6）考查名詞詞義辨析。evidence證據(jù)；source來源；wit智慧；facture制作，發(fā)票。通過上下文語境可知，前面還沒有有力的證據(jù)可以說明兩者之間的關(guān)系，后面已經(jīng)找到這種因果證據(jù)，所以，可知答案選擇A。

（7）考查形近詞辨析。facets面狀；face臉，表面；facial面部的；facile溫和的。神經(jīng)元只能區(qū)別臉部，后面nototherbody

partsorobjects.可知答案為B。

（8）考查名詞詞義辨析。collaboration合作，勾結(jié)；deliberation審議，考慮；matching相配的；gathering聚集。由betweenand可知這里考查的是兩者之間的合作,答案A。

（9）考查名詞詞義辨析。imagination想象；conclusion結(jié)論；combination結(jié)合；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過上下文的語境可知答案為D。

（10）考查動詞詞組辨析。droveto驅(qū)車前往；heldup舉起；cameto前來；madewayfor給······讓路此處句意為：布萊克威爾只身來到斯坦福大學(xué)參加治療。只有C項符合語義。答案C。

（11）考查介詞詞義辨析。for“為，為了；給”，符合題意，答案A。

（12）考查名詞詞義辨析。treatment“治療，療法；medication“藥物；藥物治療”，分析上下文可知這里是指藥物治療，所以后面布萊克威爾才來到斯坦福做外科手術(shù)。答案B。

（13）考查動詞詞義辨析。Point指向；supply供應(yīng)；manage管理；suggest表明。由alsosuggested可以推出此處答案為suggest，答案D。

（14）考查形容詞詞義辨析。Clear清晰的；worthy值得的；possible可能的；certain肯定的。帕維茨認(rèn)為是非?？赡艿模@里只是他的推測，并不是很確定。故答案C。

（15）考查名詞詞義辨析。area區(qū)域，范圍；segment段，部分；fragment碎片，片斷；par標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，票面價值。由上下文可知答案為A。

（16）考查動詞詞義辨析。Install安裝；settle解決，安排；place放置，任命；distill提取，蒸餾。由“placedmoreelectrodeson加更多電極在···上···”可知C項符合題意。答案C。

（17）考查介詞詞義辨析。醫(yī)生將電極放置在布萊克威爾的右耳上一英寸的地方，B項符合句意。答案B。

（18）考查形近詞詞義辨析。surface表面，表層；surficial地表的；地面的；surfer沖浪運動員，surfeit過度；飲食過度；這里是指將電極放置在大腦的表皮層。答案A。

（19）考查名詞詞義辨析。Scalp頭皮，戰(zhàn)利品；section地區(qū)；lobe（腦、肺等的）葉，耳垂；leaf葉子。temporallobe表示顳葉，故答案為C。

（20）考查動詞詞義辨析。trigger引發(fā)，觸發(fā)；irrigate灌溉，沖洗；barrel把······裝入桶內(nèi)；flick輕彈，輕輕拂去。由句意“在安全的條件下嘗試了40次去觸發(fā)布萊克威爾的癲癇癥狀。”可知答案為B。

9.翻譯題

Whatisthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressure?Takeyourpick,asthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressureseemstobevirtuallyanyexercise,likewalkingorcyclingorlightweighttraining,especiallyifyourworkoutsarespreadthroughouttheday.

“Evenstandingmightwork,”saysGlennGaesser,thedirectoroftheHealthyLifestylesResearchCenteratArizonaStateUniversityandanexpertonexerciseandhypertension.Exerciselowersbloodpressureinlargepartbyalteringbloodvesselstiffnesssobloodflowsmorefreely.Thiseffectoccursduringandimmediatelyafteraworkout,sotheblood-pressurebenefitsfromexercisearemostpronouncedrightafter,youworkout.Asaresult,thebestwaytofighthypertensionmaybetodivvyupyourworkoutintobite-sizepieces.

Ina2012studybyDr.Gaesser,three10-minutewalksspreadthroughoutthedaywerebetteratpreventingsubsequentspikesinbloodpressure—whichcanindicateworseningbloodpressurecontrol—thanone30-minutewalk.Andifevena10-minutewalksoundsdaunting,trystandingmoreoften.InanotherstudyledbyDr.GaesserandpublishedinAugust,overweightvolunteerswithbloodpressureproblemswereaskedtositcontinuouslyduringaneight-hourworkdaywhiletheirbloodpressurewasmonitored.Thereadingswere,asexpected,unhealthy.

Butwhen,duringanotherworkday,thosevolunteersstoodupeveryhourforatleast10minutes,theirbloodpressurereadingsimprovedsubstantially.Thereadingswereevenbetterwhen,onadditionalworkdays,thevolunteersstrolledatapokey1-mile-per-hourpaceattreadmilldesksforatleast10minuteseveryhourorpedaledunder-deskexercisebikesforthesamenumberofminuteseveryhour.

“Exerciseintensitydoesnotappeartoplayanysignificantrole”inhelpingpeoplecontrolbloodpressure,Dr.Gaessersays.Movementiswhatmatters.Sogoforastrollafewtimesduringthedayorsimplystandupmoreoftentodevelophealthierbloodpressure.

【答案】【參考譯文】

控制血壓的最佳鍛煉方式是什么？任何鍛煉都好，幾乎所有運動對控制血壓都非常有效，比如步行、騎車或是輕的負(fù)重練習(xí)，全天式的鍛煉會讓減壓效果更好。

亞利桑那州立大學(xué)健康生活方式研究中心的主任格林?蓋瑟爾是位鍛煉與高血壓方面的專家，他認(rèn)為“哪怕站著也會有幫助。”鍛煉降低血壓的原因，主要是因為運動可以改善血管硬度使得血流更加通暢。這樣的效果在鍛煉中和鍛煉后都會馬上顯現(xiàn)，因而在剛剛運動完其降壓效果尤其明顯。結(jié)論就是最好的對抗高血壓的方式，是類似少食多餐那樣進行少量多次的運動。

在蓋瑟爾2012年發(fā)表的一篇報告中，他建議將一天運動量均分為3個時長為10分鐘的步行，這樣比一次步行30分鐘相比可以更好預(yù)防血壓出現(xiàn)峰值，血壓峰值出現(xiàn)往往意味著控壓惡化。甚至說如果10分鐘步行聽著都有些嚇人的話，那就多站站。蓋瑟爾博士主導(dǎo)過另一項研究并將成果于8月出版，研究要求一些超重并有高血壓問題的志愿者在8小時的工作日里一直坐在座位上，同時監(jiān)測其血壓，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)血壓讀數(shù)如預(yù)料的一樣非常不健康。

但在另一個工作日，當(dāng)要求這些志愿者每小時至少站立10分鐘后，他們的血壓讀數(shù)顯著改善。接著在另外一個工作日，這些志愿者需要每小時用帶跑步機的書桌慢速走10分鐘（配速為每小時1英里/1.6公里），或者用桌下型蹬車器每小時練習(xí)10分鐘，鍛煉后的血壓讀數(shù)改善得更為顯著。

蓋瑟爾博士稱就輔助人們控制血壓方面來說，“鍛煉強度起不到什么作用?！边\動起來才是關(guān)鍵。所以每天多走幾步或多站幾次來打造健康血壓吧。

10.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10%)

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay,“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsatweekend.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune’sfavoredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.

【答案】【參考譯文】

還需要指出的是，有理性的、勤勞的、有用的人們可分為兩類：第一類人，工作就是工作，享樂就是享樂；第二類人，其工作和享樂是合二為一的。兩類人中，前一類是大多數(shù)。這一類人的辛勤自有回報：在辦公室或工廠里度過的漫長的工