考研考博-英語-北京社會管理職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京社會管理職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

We'releavingatsixo'clockandhope（）mostofthejourneybylunchtime.

問題1選項

A.todo

B.tohavedone

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們準備六點離開，希望吃午飯的吋候已經(jīng)完成了大部分旅程。

語法題?？疾镠ope的用法。根據(jù)關鍵詞bylunchtime(吃中飯的吋候為止)可知前面的動詞應該用完成時,表示已經(jīng)完成。hopetodosth.希望去做某事,綜上所述,答案選B。

2.單選題

Terrorists（）tobombingcitycentersasameansofachievingtheirpoliticalaims.

問題1選項

A.resorted

B.took

C.saw

D.looked

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A:resortto“依靠，求助于；訴諸；常去”；B:;taketo“喜歡；走向；開始從事”；C:seeto“注意;負責；照料”；D:lookto“注意;指望；照看”。句意：恐怖分子把向市中心投放炸彈作為他們完成政治目標的手段。結合此處語境，A為正確答案。

3.單選題

“WelcometotheU.S.A.!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”

Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”

TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉價商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(無節(jié)制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.

1.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher______.

2.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat______.

3.Bysaying“NobodyundersellsAmerica”(Underlined),theauthormeansthat______.

4.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

5.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize______.

問題1選項

A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend

C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

問題2選項

A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouriststotheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouriststotheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

問題3選項

A.noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

問題4選項

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld’slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

問題5選項

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreaterinprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarewealthierthanUStouristsabroad

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由原文可以定位到文章第二段最后兩句“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”（“我們沒有預算，”一位來自巴西的生物學家說，她和兩個同伴走在紐約市的南街?！拔覀冎皇鞘褂梦覀兊男庞每ā！保f明現(xiàn)在成千上萬涌入美國的有錢人和那個巴西生物學家一樣，根本沒有預算，不在意自己花了多少錢。因此B選項“根本不關心他們花了多少錢”正確。A選項“不愿意隨身攜帶現(xiàn)金”，C選項“不善于計劃自己的支出”，D選項“花費的錢往往超過他們的承受能力”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.（長期以來，美國一直是世界上最受歡迎的旅游目的地之一，但今年的情況非同尋常。首先是世界杯，吸引了來自世界各個角落的成千上萬的人；其次是美元對其他主要貨幣的匯率走弱。），說明1994年不同于往年，其原因是世界杯吸引了大量的游客，美元下跌使在美國購物特別便宜，這吸引了更多的游客。因此A選項“它見證了異常多的游客到美國來旅游”正確。B選項“它見證了赴美游客數(shù)量的下降”，C選項“那一年旅游業(yè)幾乎沒有受到美元貶值的影響”，D選項“那年游客來美國是為了觀光，而不是為了降價商品”均與原文意思相反，所以B,C,D錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.（美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級大國，也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價商品部。），由此可知劃線句NobodyundersellsAmerica所包含的意思是：沒有哪個國家的物價水平比美國更低，后文又提到了美國的零售底價比歐洲低30%，比亞洲低70%，更加證明了這一觀點。因此D選項“沒有其他國家比美國物價更低”正確。A選項“沒有其他國家會低估美國產(chǎn)品的競爭力”，B選項“沒有人期望美國人削減其商品的價格”，C選項“沒有人限制美國商品的銷售”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第二句ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.（在世界其他地方，在好萊塢電影和美國電視劇的滋養(yǎng)下，人們對美國的一切仍然有著不可否認的迷戀。），說明作者認為美國的一切都讓外國人著迷的原因是美國電影電視劇等媒體的影響。因此A選項“因為它們通過美國的媒體獲得了很多宣傳”正確。B選項“因為它們代表了世界的最新時尚”，C選項“因為它們體現(xiàn)了最先進的技術”，D選項“因為它們在所有的旅游目的地都能買到”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.（終于，美國也意識到其他國家早已明白的東西：外國旅游者的涌入雖然帶來了不便，可也帶來了經(jīng)濟上的實惠。），說明美國意識到了旅游業(yè)能為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展做出貢獻。因此C選項“旅游業(yè)可以為其經(jīng)濟做出巨大貢獻”正確。A選項“美元的疲軟會導致貿(mào)易赤字”，B選項“零售價格越低，利潤就越大”，D選項“來美國的游客比在國外的美國游客更富有”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯誤。

4.單選題

ThebiggestproblemfacingChileasitpromotesitselfasatouristdestinationtobereckonedwith,isthatitisattheendoftheearth.Itistoofarsouthtobeaconvenientstoponthewaytoanywhereelseandismuchfartherthanarelativelycheaphalf-dayflightawayfromthebigtouristmarkets,unlikeMexico,forexample.Chile,therefore,isfightinghardtoattracttourists,toconvincetravelersthatitisworthcominghalfwayroundtheworldtovisit.ItissucceedinginexistingmarketsliketheUSAandWesternEuropebutnotinnewterritories,inparticulartheFarEast.Marketsclosertohome,however,arenotbeingforgotten.Morethan50%ofvisitorstoChilestillcomefromitsnearestneighbor,Argentina,wherethecostoflivingismuchhigher.

LikeallSouthAmericancountries,Chileseestourismasavaluableearnerofforeigncurrency,althoughithasbeenfarmoreseriousthanmostinpromotingitsimageabroad.Relativelystablepoliticallywithintheregion,ithasbenefitedfromtheproblemssufferedinotherareas.InPeru,guerrillawarfareinrecentyearshasdealtaheavyblowtothetouristindustryandfearofstreetcrimeinBrazilhasreducedtheattractionofRiodeJaneiroasadreamdestinationforforeigners.Morethan150,000peoplearedirectlyinvolvedinChilestouristsector,anindustrywhichearnsthecountrymorethanUS$950millioneachyear.Thestate-runNationalTourismService,inpartnershipwithanumberofprivatecompanies,iscurrentlyrunningaworldwidecampaign,takingpartintradefairsandinternationaleventstoattractvisitorstoChile.Chile’sgreatstrengthasatouristdestinationisitsgeographicaldiversity.FromtheparchedAtacamaDesertinthenorthtotheAntarcticsnowfieldsofthesouth,itismorethan5,000kmlong.WiththePacificononesideandtheAndeanmountainsontheother,Chileboastsnaturalattractions.ItsbeachesarenotuptoCaribbeanstandardsbutresortssuchasVinadelMararcgenerallycleanandunspoiltandhaveahighstandardofservices.ButthetrumpcardistheAndesmountainrange.

Thereareanumberofexcellentskiresortswithinonehour'sdriveofthecapital,Santiago,andthenationalparksinthesoutharehometorareanimalandplantspecies.Theparksalreadyattractspecialist,visitors,includingmountaineers,whocometoclimbthetechnicallydifficultpeaks,andfishermen,luredbythesalmonandtroutintheregion'srivers.However,infrastructuraldevelopmentintheseareasislimited.TheskiresortsdonothaveasmanyliftsastheirEuropeancounterpartsandpartpoorqualityofroadsinthesouthmeansthatonlythemostdeterminedtravelersseethebestofthenationalparks.AirlinksbetweenChileandtherestoftheworldare,atpresent,relativelypoor.WhileChile'stwolargestairlineshaveextensivenetworkswithinSouthAmerica,theyoperateonlyasmallnumberofroutestotheUSandEuropewhileservicestoAsiaarealmostnon-existent.Internaltransportlinksarebeingimprovedandluxuryhotelsarebeingbuiltinoneofitsnationalparks.NorisdevelopmentbeingrestrictedtotheAndes.EasterIslandandChile'sAntarcticTerritoryarealsoonthelistofareaswheretheGovernmentbelievesitcancreatetouristmarkets.Buttherushtoopenhithertoinaccessibleareastomasstourismisnotbeingwelcomedbyeveryone.Indigenousandenvironmentalgroups,includingGreenpeace,saythatmanypartsoftheAndeswillsufferiftheybecomeover-developed.

ThereisagenuinefearthatareasofChilewillsuffertheculturaldestructionwitnessedinMexicoandEuropeanresorts.ThepolicyofopeningupAntarcticatotourismisalsopoliticallysensitive.Chilealreadyhaspermanentsettlementsontheiceandmanypeopleseethedecisiontoallowtouriststhereasapoliticalmove,enhancingSantiago'sterritorialclaimoverpartofAntarctica.TheChileanGovernmenthaspromisedtorespecttheenvironmentasitseekstobringtourismpotential.TheGovernmentwillhavetomonitordevelopmentscloselyifitisgenuinelyconcernedincreatingabalanced,controlledindustryandifthepriceofanincreasinglylucrativetouristmarketisnotgoingtomeanthelossofmanyofChile'snaturalriches.

1.Chileisdisadvantagedinthepromotionofitstourismby（

）.

2.MorethanhalfofChile'stouristscomefrom

（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,Chile'sgreatestattractionis

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,inWHICHareaimprovementisalreadyunderway?

5.Accordingtothearticle,inChile,theservicesofairlinestoAsiaare（

）.

問題1選項

A.geographicallocation

B.guerrillawarfare

C.politicalinstability

D.streetcrime

問題2選項

A.USA

B.theFarEast

C.westernEurope

D.Argentina

問題3選項

A.theunspoiltbeaches

B.thedryandhotdesert

C.thefamousmountainrange

D.thehighstandardofservices

問題4選項

A.Facilitiesintheskiresorts.

B.Domestictransportsystem.

C.AirservicestoAsia.

D.Roadnetworkinthesouth.

問題5選項

A.onlyasmallnumberofroutes

B.almostnon-existent

C.asmanyasinEurope

D.thelargestamount

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“智利在推銷旅游業(yè)時不足之處是……”。文章第一段提到“智利在推銷自己是一個好的旅游去處所面對的困難是因為它處在地球的最邊緣”（ThebiggestproblemfacingChileasitpromotesitselfasatouristdestinationtobereckonedwith,isthatitisattheendoftheearth），由此可知是因為它的地理位置導致旅游業(yè)發(fā)展不好，選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“智利一半以上的游客來自哪里”。文章第一段最后一句提到超過50%的游客來自阿根廷（Morethan50%ofvisitorstoChilestillcomefromitsnearestneighbor,Argentina,wherethecostoflivingismuchhigher），選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者看來，智利最大的景點是……”。文章第二段最后一句提到王牌是安第斯山脈（ButthetrumpcardistheAndesmountainrange），選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，哪方面的改革已經(jīng)在進行”。文章第三段提到“國內的交通正在改善，豪華酒店正在其中一個國家公園內興建”（Internaltransportlinksarebeingimprovedandluxuryhotelsarebeingbuiltinoneofitsnationalparks），由此可知，正在進行改革的是國內的交通系統(tǒng)，選項B符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“從文章中可得知，智利通往亞洲的航線服務……”。文章第三段提到飛往亞洲的航線幾乎不存在（WhileChile'stwolargestairlineshaveextensivenetworkswithinSouthAmerica,theyoperateonlyasmallnumberofroutestotheUSandEuropewhileservicestoAsiaarealmostnon-existent），因此選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

We’veseena_______trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2015travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項consistent“始終如一的，（論點、觀點）前后一致的”；B選項persistent“持續(xù)的；執(zhí)著的”；C選項insistent“堅決的；（聲音、節(jié)奏等）持續(xù)的”；D選項resistant“抵制的；有抵抗力的”。句意：從假日購物到2015年旅游計劃，我們已經(jīng)看到了消費者_______的趨勢，他們會花更多的錢，2月14日的消費計劃也不例外。根據(jù)語境，這里指消費者的消費趨勢不會改變，所以consistent“始終如一的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

6.翻譯題

出發(fā)前，我曾經(jīng)和著陸器一起學習過人類探月的歷史。在已經(jīng)有過的130次探月活動中，成功和失敗的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是這樣，有多美就有多危險，而我不過是人類對太空探索的超級大圖中，小小的一個點。

這里的太陽已經(jīng)落下，溫度下降得真快。今天說了好多，但總覺得還不夠。告訴大家一個秘密，其實我不覺得特別難過。我只是在自己的探險故事里，和所有的男主角一樣，也遇到了一點問題：晚安地球，晚安人類。

【答案】答：

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

7.單選題

LookattheterriblesituationIamin！IfonlyI（

）youradvice.

問題1選項

A.follow

B.hadfollowed

C.wouldfollow

D.havefollowed

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反，從句的動詞形式是had+過去分詞。選項B符合題意。

8.名詞解釋

(1)Contrarytowhatmanypeoplethinkdepressionisnotanormalpartofgrowingolder.Norisithardertotreatinolderpeople.Butitisoftenhardertorecognizeandhardertogetpatientstoacceptandcontinuewithtreatment.

"Mostpeoplethinksadnessisahallmarkofdepression,"Brucesaid."Butmoreofteninolderpeopleit'sanhedonia—they'renotenjoyinglife.They'reirritableandcranky."(2)Sheadded:“Manyolderpeopledespairoverthequalityoftheirlivesattheendoflife.Iftheyhaveafunctionaldisabilityorseriousmedicalillness,itmaymakeithardertonoticedepressioninolderpeople."

Familymembers,friendsandmedicalpersonnelmusttakeitseriouslywhenanolderpersonsays"Lifeisnotworthliving,""Idon'tseeanypointinliving,""I'dbebetteroffdead"or"MyfamilywouldbebetteroffifIdied,"theexpertsemphasized.

"Listencarefully,empathizeandhelpthepersongetevaluatedfortreatmentorintotreatment,"BrownurgeD.(3)Hewarnedthat"depressedolderadultstendtohavefewersymptoms"thanyoungeradultswhoaredepressed.

Theidealapproach,ofcourse,istopreventdepressioninthefirstplace.(4)Brownrecommendedthatolderadultsstructuretheirdaysbymaintainingaregularcycleandplanningactivitiesthat"givethempleasure,purposeandareasonforliving."

Hesuggested"socialactivitiesofanytype—joiningabookcluborbowlingleague,goingtoaseniorcenterorgym,takingcoursesatalocalcollege,hangingoutatthecoffeeshop."

Brucesuggeststakingupanewinterestlikepaintingorneedleworkorvolunteeringataplaceofworship,schoolormuseum.

(5)Brownnotesthatanyactivitythepersoniscapableofdoingcanhelptowardoffdepressionandsuicidalthinking.Andheurgesolderpeopletotalktoothersabouttheirproblems.

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenexplaininyourownEnglishtheexactmeaningofthenumberedandunderlinedparts.PutyouranswersonANSWER

【答案】1.Manypeoplethinkdepressionisnaturalintheprocessofgettingolder,butthisideaiswrong.

2.Sheadded:“Manyolderpeoplelosetheirfaithinthequalityoflivesinoldage.Depressioninolderpeoplecanhardlybefoundiftheircertainbodyisnotavailableortheygetsickbadly.”

3.Heremindedthat“Symptomsondepressedolderadultsisfewerthanthoseondepressedyoungeradults.”

4.Brownsuggeststhatolderpeopleshouldarrangetheirdailylifebykeepingaregularlifecycleandplanningactivities,whichofferthemhappiness,purposeandmotiveforliving

5.Brownindicatesthatanyactivitythepersonisabletodocanhelpavoiddepressionandthoughtsofsuicide.Healsosuggeststhatolderpeopleshouldsharetheproblemswithothers.

9.翻譯題

Abaseball(棒球)thatlandsinanopen(開闊地)sooncomestorestbecauseofitsinteractionwiththeground.

【答案】由于與地面的相互作用，落在空地上的棒球很快就會停下來。

10.單選題

ThosewhogotangryandcrazysetfiretocarsandshopsintheParissuburbofClichy-sous-Bois,thentheproblem（

）.

問題1選項

A.evolved

B.evaporated

C.escalated

D.exalted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。evolve“發(fā)展”；evaporate“使……蒸發(fā)”；escalate“逐步增強”；exalt“提升，提拔”。句意：那些憤怒和瘋狂的人放燒了巴黎郊區(qū)克里希所思的汽車和酒店，然后這個問題更嚴重了。選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Hisremarksfinally____methatIhadmadetherightdecision.

問題1選項

A.assured

B.ensured

C.reassured

D.insured

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.assured（向……）保證B.ensured確保

C.reassured使……安心；打消……的疑慮D.insured投保

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：他的話終于……我的決定是正確的。根據(jù)邏輯，他的話應該是打消我的顧慮，讓我確信我的決定是正確的。因此選C。

【干擾項排除】

A選項assured“（向……）保證”，并不是他的話保證我的決定是正確的，而是他的話使我安心，從而讓我覺得我的決定是正確的，該選項不符合邏輯；

B選項ensured“確?！保⒉皇撬脑挻_保我的決定是正確的，該選項不符合邏輯；

D選項insured“投?！?，該選項不符合語境。

【句意】他的話最終打消了我的疑慮，我做了正確的決定。

12.單選題

Putbothvegetablesintoabowland（）withapotatomasher.

問題1選項

A.crash

B.crush

C.clash

D.crack

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項crash“碰撞”，B項crush“壓碎”，C項clash“沖突”，D項crack“使破裂”；句意：把這兩種蔬菜都放進碗里，用搗土豆器搗碎。因此B選項正確。

13.單選題

Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledbytheirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.

OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.Asyoungboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesignedanewspaper-foldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicycle-repairshop.In1896,whentheyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.

Lilienthal,apioneerinhang-gliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesireddirection.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficientmethodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1990and1901,theWrightstestednumerousglidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers’inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerfortheglidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.

Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurvedsurfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodelwings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthebrotherstodesignamachinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthan$1,000.

Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsion―alightweightgasolineengine.WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.Theplanemanagedtostayaloftfor12seconds,however,anditflew120feet.

By1905,theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalfanhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsandhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirsttobuildafull-sizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemostoutstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathersofaviation.

1.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas（

）tosomepeople.

2.SomepeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad（

）.

3.TheWrights’interestinflightgrewintoa（

）.

4.Lilienthal’sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas

（

）

theWrights.

5.Theoldtableswere（

）andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.

問題1選項

A.boring

B.distasteful

C.exciting

D.needless

E.answernotavailable

問題2選項

A.actedwithoutthinking

B.beennegativelyinfluenced

C.beentoocautious

D.beenmistaken

E.actedinanegativeway

問題3選項

A.financialempire

B.plan

C.needtoact

D.foolishthought

E.answernotavailable

問題4選項

A.provenwrongby

B.oppositetotheideasof

C.dislikedby

D.acceptedby

E.improvedby

問題5選項

A.destroyed

B.invalidated

C.multiplied

D.approved

E.notused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.”可知駕駛飛機的想法令一些人反感。因此B選項“使人不愉快的，令人反感的”符合題意。A選項“無聊的”；C選項“令人興奮的”；D選項“不必要的”：E選項“沒有答案”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.”這類人稱最早的飛機發(fā)明人萊特兄弟是沖動的傻瓜，可知一些人認為萊特兄弟做事沖動，不經(jīng)思考，因此A選項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.”萊特兄弟對飛行的興趣發(fā)展成一種強迫行為，因此C選項符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers”這種想法對萊特兄弟而言是令人反感的，可知這種想法不被萊特兄弟喜歡，因此C選項符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.”舊表被及時廢除，取而代之的是第一個可靠的曲面氣壓數(shù)據(jù)，因此B選項“使無效，失效”符合題意。

14.單選題

Thecomplexityofpopularcultureisoftenoverlookedinoursociety.Peopleexpressconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularculture——forexample,theinfluenceoftelevisionviolenceonchildren.Yetmostpeoplelookdownonthestudyofpopularculture,asifitcontainsnothingofsignificance.Thiscontradictionmakesitdifficultsometimestoinvestigateanddiscusspopularculture.

AsU.S.Americans,weareinauniquepositioninrelationshiptopopularculture.ProductsofU.S.popularculturearewellknownandcirculatewidelyontheinternationalmarket.ThepopularlyofU.Smusicstars,suchasMichaelJacksonandMadonna,andofHollywoodfilmsandtelevisionshowscreatesanunevenflowoftextsbetweentheUnitesStatesandothernations.ScholarsElihuKatzandTamarLiebesnotedthe“apparenteasewithwhichAmericantelevisionprogramscrossculturalandlinguisticfrontiers”.Indeedthephenomenonissotakenforgrantedthathardlyanysystematicresearchhasbeendonetoexplainthereasonswhytheseprogramsaresosuccessful.

Incontrast,U.S.AmericansarerarelyexposedtopopularculturefromoutsidetheUnitedStates.Exceptionstothislargelyone-waymovementofpopularcultureincluderockstarswhosinginEnglish.ConsiderhowdifficultitistofindforeignfilmsortelevisionprogramsthroughoutmostoftheUnitedStates.TheapparentimbalanceofculturaltextsgloballynotonlyrendersU.SAmericansmoredependentonU.S-producedpopularculture,butitalsocanleadtoculturalimperialism.

Thestudyofpopularculturehasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinthecommunicationfield.Althoughinterculturalcommunicationscholarstraditionallyhaveoverlookedpopularculture,webelievethatpopularcultureisasignificantinfluenceininterculturalinteractions.

1.“Thiscontradiction”inparagraph1referstothecontradictionbetween（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,one-waymovementofpopularculturemayleadto（）.

3.Impliedbutnotstated:（）.

4.AmericansdependmoreonU.S-producedpopularculturebecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthors’opiniononthestudyofpopularculture?

問題1選項

A.people’sconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularcultureandtheoverlookofthestudyofpopularculture.

B.thecomplexityofpopularcultureandpeople’sconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularculture.

C.thecomplexityofpopularcultureandtheoverlookofthestudyofpopularculture

D.thesignificanceofpopularcultureandthestudyofpopularculture.

問題2選項

A.culturalimperialism

B.thepopularityofrockstarswhosinginEnglish

C.theoverlookofpopularculture

D.thesystematicresearchonpopularculture

問題3選項

A.Popularprogramshavebeenoverlooked

B.ProductsofU.SpopularculturearemorewidelyspreadinothernationsthanintheU.S

C.Socialeffectsofpopularcultureareofgreatimportance.

D.ThereasonswhyU.Spopularcultureisgloballysuccessfulhavenotbeenfound

問題4選項

A.theydisliketelevisionprogramsofothernations

B.popularculturefromoutsidetheUnitedStatesishardlyfoundontheAmericanmarket

C.thestudyofpopularcultureisoverlooked

D.U.S.popularcultureiswellknownintheworld

問題5選項

A.Popularculturehasmadeaglobalinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.

B.TheimbalanceofpopularcultureisharmfultoAmericans.

C.Interculturalresearchersshouldpayattentiontothestudyofpopularculture.

D.TheinternationalmarkershouldnotbedominatedbyU.S.popularculture

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文可知,“Thiscontradiction”指的是上一句提到的人們表達了流行文化對社會影響的擔憂——例如,電視暴力對兒童的影響。然而,大多數(shù)人看不起流行文化的研究,覺得它沒有任何意義。所以選項A與原文相符。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“one-waymovement”定位到第三段最后一句“TheapparentimbalanceofculturaltextsgloballynotonlyrendersU.SAmericansmoredependentonU.S-producedpopularculture,butitalsocanleadtoculturalimperialism.”可知,選項A正確。

3.推理判斷題。此題可采用排除法。根據(jù)第二段的內容可知,選項A表述錯誤；選項B在文中并沒有相關的信息表明；選項D是原文內容；所以只有選項C正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“ConsiderhowdifficultitistofindforeignfilmsortelevisionprogramsthroughoutmostoftheUnitedStates.”可知,在美國大部分地區(qū)很難找到外國電影或電視節(jié)目。選項B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內容可知,作者認為流行文化在跨文化交際中有著重要的影響。選項A符合原文。

15.寫作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whichistoppriority,toeliminateinequalityorpovertyinourcountry?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargument