考研考博-英語-東北石油大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東北石油大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Researchmarchesonward,butwe’restill（

）somethingassimpleastheflu.

問題1選項

A.inthecourseof

B.withtheexceptionof

C.onthebrinkof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。inthecourseof“在…過程中”；withtheexceptionof“除...之外”；onthebrinkof“在……的邊緣”；atthemercyof“任憑……擺布”。

句意為：研究不曾止步，而我們對類似流感這般簡單的疾病仍然難以控制。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

JaneGoodallspentdecadesinthewild（）chimpanzees,muchofthetimeallbyherself.

問題1選項

A.observing

B.toobserve

C.observed

D.tobeobserved

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。sb.spendtime/moneyonsth/indoingsth.，其中in可以省略。因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入動詞的ing形式。句意：珍?古德花了數(shù)十年在野外觀察黑猩猩，大多時間都是獨(dú)處。因此A選項符合題意。

3.單選題

Ifapersontalksabouthisweakness,thelistenerisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof（）.

問題1選項

A.assurance

B.encouragement

C.persuasion

D.confirmation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果一個人談?wù)撟约旱娜觞c(diǎn)，那么他就會期望聽者說些鼓勵的話。

考查名詞辨析。assurance保證;擔(dān)保;encouragement鼓勵；persuasion勸服；confirmation確認(rèn);證實。因此B符合句意。

4.單選題

Ⅳ.(CriminalLaw)

ThefirstchallengeforcriminalresponsibilityforcollectiveperpetrationsiswhetherthenotionofcollectiveactioncanbemadesenseforthepurposesofInternationalCriminalLaw.AsKutzsuggeststheissueofinclusionandexclusionofmembersfromacollectiveactionis“alwaysbothnormativeandfactual”,because“thechoiceofappropriatedescriptivelevel”remainsamatteroflegalpolicy.Iftherequirementsforcollectiveactionaresettoostrictthenmanyparticipantswillbeexcused.Ontheotherhandtoolaxrequirementsincreaseprosecutor’sdiscretionandallowchargingwiderrangeofindividuals,attheexpenseofimplicatingtoomanyindividualsandpossiblyrenderingpunishmentcontroversialandover-inclusiveonthelevelofthesystem.

Inanycaseacollectiveintentionstestisnecessaryinordertobeabletoholdanyparticularindividualresponsibleasopposedtochargingeveryoneontheoneextreme,orattributingharmtoindeterminatecausesontheother.Besidesidentifyingindividualsinvolvedincooperativeharmdoingcollectiveintentionwillbenecessaryforattributionofharmtosuchcausallyresponsibleindividuals.Furthermoreasarguedinthesectiononmoralblameaconsiderationofdecisionmethodinacollectiveaction,whichisnecessaryfordistributionofmoralblame,isalsoimpossiblewithoutaconceptionofcollectiveintention.

Theproblemofcollectiveintentionsisdownplayedbythe“romantic”argumentforcollectiveguilt,asitjumpstodrawthemembershipalongthestatelines,whichultimatelyleadstoproblemsof“guiltlesssincerity”and“excessoftransmissionbybirth”.Partofthe“romantic”appealstemsfromtheimplicationofstateagencyincrimesagainsthumanity(through“stateandorganizationalpolicy”)andwarcrimesaccordingtothepublicinternationallaw.Whereasthequestionsofretroactivesuspensionoflegalordersorimmunityofstateofficialsaresometimesstillrelevantlegalobstaclesforprosecutinghumanrightsviolations,thisworkdiscardssuchissuesasirrelevantforthepurposesofexcusesandjustificationsundertheRomeStatute(國際刑事法院羅馬規(guī)約).Collectiveactionincasesofcrimesagainsthumanityorwarcrimescouldbemanifestedinspontaneouscoordinatedactions,mobviolence,governmentactionsordecentralizednetworksoutsidethecolorofthelaw.Variouspassiveorindeterminatefacts,suchasmilitaryculture,religiousortraditionalinstitutions,ideologyorlegalsystemcanandoftenaremanipulatedbyperpetratorstoblendcollectiveactionwithhistorical,naturalorevensupernaturalcauses.Thiswayevenleadersandinfluentialdecisionmakerswouldclaimthattheyfollowednecessityorthattheircrueltyweredeterminedbytheanarchic,anomicorelseapocalypticconditionsofwar.

63.Thebesttopicforthefirstparagraphis___.

64.Todeterminecollectiveintentionsisnecessary___.

65.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTmentionedintheparagraph3?

66.PerpetratorscanandoftenmanipulatethefollowingBUT___.

問題1選項

A.CriminalResponsibilityforCollectivePerpetrations

B.TheDefectofSettingTooStrictaLevel

C.TheDifficultiesinChoosinganAppropriateDescriptiveLevelofCollectiveAction

D.TheDefectofSettingTooLaxaLevel

問題2選項

A.toholdanyparticularindividualresponsible

B.tochargeeveryoneresponsible

C.foraconsiderationofdecisionmethod

D.toattributeharmtoindeterminatecauses

問題3選項

A.Theargumentofcollectiveguiltdilutestheproblemsofcollectiveintentions.

B.Theretroactivesuspensionoflegalorderissometimesrelevanttohumanrightsviolations.

C.Theargumentofcollectiveguiltstemsfrompublicinternationallaw.

D.Theargumentofcollectiveguiltdealswithmembershipthroughstateresponsibility.

問題4選項

A.militaryculture

B.religiousortraditionalinstitutions

C.ideologyorlegalsystem

D.collectiveaction.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段AsKutzsuggeststheissueofinclusionandexclusionofmembersfromacollectiveactionis“alwaysbothnormativeandfactual”,because“thechoiceofappropriatedescriptivelevel”remainsamatteroflegalpolicy.（正如庫茨所指出，將成員納入和排除在集體行動之外的問題“總是規(guī)范性和事實性的”，因為“選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拿枋鏊健比匀皇且粋€法律政策問題）可知選C選項“在選擇適當(dāng)?shù)募w行動描述水平方面的困難”；A選項“集體犯罪的刑事責(zé)任”；B選項“等級設(shè)置過嚴(yán)的缺陷”以及D選項“水平設(shè)置過松的缺陷”都是為了證明選擇適當(dāng)?shù)募w行動描述水平的困難，是這一觀點(diǎn)的論據(jù)，不足以概括第一段的內(nèi)容。因此C選項正確。

64.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段第一句Inanycaseacollectiveintentionstestisnecessaryinordertobeabletoholdanyparticularindividualresponsibleasopposedtochargingeveryoneontheoneextreme,orattributingharmtoindeterminatecausesontheother.（在任何情況下，集體意圖檢驗都是必要的，以便能夠追究任何特定個人的責(zé)任，而不是將所有人歸為一個極端，或?qū)w因于另一種不確定的原因）可知選A選項“追究任何特定個人的責(zé)任”，同時可知B選項“追究每個人的責(zé)任”，D選項“將傷害歸因于不確定的原因”不符合原文；第二段Furthermoreasarguedinthesectiononmoralblameaconsiderationofdecisionmethodinacollectiveaction,whichisnecessaryfordistributionofmoralblame,isalsoimpossiblewithoutaconceptionofcollectiveintention.（此外，正如道德責(zé)備一節(jié)所論證的那樣，如果沒有集體意圖的概念，集體行動中決策方法的考慮也是不可能的，這對于道德責(zé)備的分配是必要的）可知集體行動中決策方法的考慮對道德責(zé)備的分配是必要的，而不是對集體意圖必要，C選項“考慮決策方法”邏輯關(guān)系錯誤。因此A選項正確。

65.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段Theproblemofcollectiveintentionsisdownplayedbythe“romantic”argumentforcollectiveguilt（集體罪責(zé)的“浪漫”論點(diǎn)淡化了集體意圖的問題）對應(yīng)A選項“集體犯罪的論點(diǎn)淡化了集體意圖的問題”；第三段Whereasthequestionsofretroactivesuspensionoflegalordersorimmunityofstateofficialsaresometimesstillrelevantlegalobstaclesforprosecutinghumanrightsviolations（然而，追溯中止法律命令或國家官員豁免的問題有時仍然是起訴侵犯人權(quán)行為的相關(guān)法律障礙）對應(yīng)B選項“追溯中止法律秩序有時與侵犯人權(quán)有關(guān)”；第二段Partofthe“romantic”appealstemsfromtheimplicationofstateagencyincrimesagainsthumanity(through“stateandorganizationalpolicy”)andwarcrimesaccordingtothepublicinternationallaw.（這種“浪漫”的吸引力部分源于國家機(jī)構(gòu)涉嫌違反國際公法的反人類罪（通過“國家和組織政策”）和戰(zhàn)爭罪）對應(yīng)C選項“集體有罪的論點(diǎn)源于國際公法”；D選項“集體犯罪的論點(diǎn)通過國家責(zé)任來處理成員問題”未在第三段提及。因此D選項符合題意。

66.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“Perpetrators”定位到原文最后一段Variouspassiveorindeterminatefacts,suchasmilitaryculture,religiousortraditionalinstitutions,ideologyorlegalsystemcanandoftenaremanipulatedbyperpetratorstoblendcollectiveactionwithhistorical,naturalorevensupernaturalcauses.（各種消極或不確定的事實，如軍事文化、宗教或傳統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)、意識形態(tài)或法律制度，可以而且往往被肇事者操縱，將集體行動與歷史、自然甚至超自然原因相結(jié)合）對應(yīng)A選項“軍事文化”，B選項“宗教或傳統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)”以及C選項“意識形態(tài)或法律體系”；不涉及D選項“集體行動”。因此D選項符合題意。

5.單選題

Ithinkyoucantakea(n)（）languagecoursetoimproveyourEnglish.

問題1選項

A.middle

B.intermediate

C.medium

D.average

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析。middle“中間的，中部的”,側(cè)重方位;intermediate“中間的，中級的”,側(cè)重難易的程度;medium“中等的”,側(cè)重尺寸上的大小;average“平均的，普通的”。句意:我覺得你可以上一門中級語言課程來提高你的英語水平。選項B符合語境。

6.單選題

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytothesocalleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthedividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positiveforcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.Astheinternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadinternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.Andthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheinternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwehaveeverhad.

Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisnottheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.Andtheinternetisnottheonlytoolwehave;butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedandanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructurefoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidnothavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sSecondWaveinfrastructure—includingroads,harbors,highways,ports,andsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,TheGermans,TheDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain’sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyouaregoingtobe.Thatdoesnotmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ButitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneedtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.

17.Digitaldivideissomething________.

18.GovernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit________.

19.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof________.

20.Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.

問題1選項

A.gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet

B.therichcountriesareresponsiblefor

C.theworldmustguardagainst

D.consideredpositivetoday

問題2選項

A.offerseconomicpotentials

B.canbringforeignfunds

C.cansoonwipeoutworldpoverty

D.connectspeopleallovertheworld

問題3選項

A.providingfinancialsupportoverseas

B.preventingforeigncapitalcontrol

C.buildingindustrialinfrastructure

D.acceptingforeigninvestment

問題4選項

A.howwelldevelopeditiselectronically

B.whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants

C.whetheritadoptsAmerican’sindustrialpattern

D.howmuchcontrolithasoverforeigncorporations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】17.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.（20年前，我和妻子曾就這個逼近的危險發(fā)表過演講。），可知數(shù)字鴻溝帶來消極影響，應(yīng)該受到重視，所以C選項“全世界必須防備的”正確，D選項“被視作積極”錯誤。A選項“因為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)而變得更糟”：根據(jù)第二段第二句和第五句Astheinternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized…Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.（隨著國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)越來越商業(yè)化……現(xiàn)在我認(rèn)為，在未來幾年，數(shù)字鴻溝將會縮小而不是擴(kuò)大），可知數(shù)字鴻溝因為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)而縮小，故錯誤。B選項“由發(fā)達(dá)國家造成的”：文中沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

18.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadinternetaccess.（越來越多的政府擔(dān)心自己的國家會落后，想要普及互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入。），可知互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以幫助發(fā)展國家經(jīng)濟(jì)，所以A選項“帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿Α闭_。B選項“可以將資金從國外流入”和D選項“連接世界各地的人”：不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能為國家?guī)淼闹匾饔?，故錯誤。C選項“能快速消除世界貧困”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句becausetheinternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwehaveeverhad.（因為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)很可能是對抗我們曾經(jīng)擁有的世界貧困的最強(qiáng)大的工具。），可知互聯(lián)網(wǎng)不能快速消除貧困，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

19.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第四句Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructurefoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.（那些仍然認(rèn)為外國投資是對其主權(quán)的侵犯的國家，最好研究一下美國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施（一個社會的基本結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)）的歷史。），可知作者就外國投資的話題以美國為例，所以D選項“接受國外投資”正確。A選項“提供海外經(jīng)濟(jì)支持”，B選項“防止外國資本控制”和C選項“建設(shè)工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

20.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyouaregoingtobe.（你擁有越多的外國資本來幫助建設(shè)第三次浪潮的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，也就是現(xiàn)在的電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，你就會發(fā)展得越好。），可知電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在如今很大程度地影響發(fā)展，所以A選項“電子技術(shù)發(fā)展得多好”正確。B選項“是否對移民有偏見”，C選項“是否采用美國的工業(yè)模式”和D選項“它對外國公司有多少控制”：不是文章表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Thefutureofthiscompanyis（

）:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusinesses.

問題1選項

A.atodds

B.introuble

C.invain

D.atstake

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。atodds“有分歧，爭執(zhí)”；introuble“陷入困境”；invain“徒勞”；atstake“瀕于險境”。句意：這家公司面臨危機(jī)：很多有才的員工正流向獲利更高的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司。選項D符合題意。

8.寫作題

Directions:ItisnotstrangeinrecentyearstohearthatsomestudentsmaykillthemselvesatUniversity.Whatisyouropiniononthosestudentswhocommitsuicideorkillthemselves?WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.Markswillbemainlyawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriacy.Failuretomeettherequirednumberofwordsmayalsoresultinthelossofmarks.

MyViewonCampusSuicideatUniversityYouaretowriteinthreeparts:

Inthefirstpartofyourarticle,youshouldclearlypresentyourview.

Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyouropinionwithappropriatedetails.

Inthelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorsummary.

【答案】MyViewonCampusSuicideatUniversity9.單選題

Rosefeels______abouttheweekendinVermont.Shewantstogo,butshealsowantstostayathome.

問題1選項

A.atheistic

B.ambiguous

C.ambivalent

D.ascetic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項atheistic“無神論的，無神論者的”，B項ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的”，C項ambivalent“矛盾的，好惡相克的”，D項ascetic“苦行的，禁欲主義的”。根據(jù)后面句子的意思“她想去，但她也想呆在家里”可知，“矛盾的”符合語境。句意：羅斯對去佛蒙特州度周末感到矛盾；她想去，但她也想呆在家里。因此，該題選擇C項。

10.單選題

Somesociologistsareworriedaboutthe（）throughoutthewholesociety.

問題1選項

A.fraudulent

B.generous

C.dynamic

D.compulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fraudulent“欺詐的”；generous“慷慨的”；dynamic“動態(tài)的”;compulsive“極有趣的”。句意：一些社會學(xué)家擔(dān)心整個社會的欺詐問題。選項A符合題意。

11.問答題

Themanagerhasaskedmetoconsiderthisproposalcarefully,(consideration)

【答案】Themanagerhasaskedmetotakethisproposalintoconsiderationcarefully.

12.單選題

Whathesaidinthemeeting（）everybodypresent.

問題1選項

A.disgusted

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.disabled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。disgust“使厭惡，使作嘔”；dismiss“解散，解雇”；dispose“處理，處置”；disable“使失去能力”。句意：他在會議上說的話使在場的每個人都（）。只有A項符合句意。

13.單選題

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchavirtue.

Theproblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn’tbebadeither,butthatwon’thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantland,leavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?AllreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeatingandexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity'ssevendeadlysins.However,untilquiterecently,mostpeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,wealthwasasymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

Todaytheoppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat—orevenonlysomewhatoverweight—isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingover-weightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thesediseases,however,manyhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem—toomuchfatandalackoffiber—thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystoppayingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory.

1.Intheeyesoftheauthor,anoddphenomenonnowadaysisthat（

）.

2.Sweptbytheprevailingtrend,theauthor

（

）.

3.Inhumanhistory,people’sviewsonbodyweight

（

）.

4.Theauthorcriticizeswomen’sobsessionwiththinness

（

）.

5.What’stheauthor’sadvicetowomenwhoareabsorbedintheideaofthinness?

問題1選項

A.theDuchessofWindsorisregardedasawomanofvirtue

B.lookingslimisasymbolofhavingalargefortune

C.beingthinisviewedasamuchdesiredquality

D.religiouspeoplearenotnecessarilyvirtuous

問題2選項

A.hadtogoonadietforthegreaterpartofherlife

B.couldstillpreventherselffromgoingoffthetrack

C.hadtoseekhelpfromrichdistantrelatives

D.hadtowearhighlyfashionableclothes

問題3選項

A.werecloselyrelatedtotheirreligiousbeliefs

B.changedfromtimetotime

C.variedbetweenthepoorandtherich

D.ledtodifferentmoralstandards

問題4選項

A.fromaneconomicandeducationalperspective

B.fromsociologicalandmedicalpointsofview

C.fromahistoricalandreligiousstandpoint

D.inthelightofmoralprinciples

問題5選項

A.Theyshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeiroveralllifestyle.

B.Theyshouldbemorewatchfulforfataldiseases.

C.Theyshouldgainweighttolookhealthy.

D.Theyshouldridthemselvesoffantasiesaboutdesignerclothes.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchavirtue.（這句常被認(rèn)為是溫莎公爵夫人的名言，體現(xiàn)了我們這個時代許多古怪的精神，瘦被認(rèn)為是一種美德）可知C選項“瘦被認(rèn)為是一種非常理想的品質(zhì)”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.（我自己也幻想著穿上狹窄的名牌衣服。因此，為了我的生活中更好的或更差的一方面，我也節(jié)食）可知A選項“為了生活中更好的部分不得不節(jié)食”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的可知在溫莎伯爵夫人的那個時代是以瘦為美；由第三段中的最后一句可知，在某些宗教團(tuán)體中，以胖為財富；由第四段中的第一二句可知，如今人們又以瘦為美。因此人們在不同的年代，對體重的看法不同，因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第五段中的Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.（我們對瘦的癡迷也源于對健康的擔(dān)憂）中的also可知這是從醫(yī)學(xué)角度上來講的，另一角度是前面第四段提到的當(dāng)今社會以瘦為美，這是從社會角度來講的，因此B選項“從社會學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.（實際上，如果那些變瘦（或已經(jīng)變瘦）的人認(rèn)為自己天生健康，因而不必關(guān)注自己的整體生活方式，這是很危險的）可知A選項“他們應(yīng)該更加關(guān)注他們的整體生活方式”符合題意。

14.單選題

Asystemofstrictdisciplinehasa(n)（

）effectonconduct.

問題1選項

A.automatic

B.deliberate

C.customary

D.beneficial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。automatic“自動的，必然的”；deliberate“故意的”；customary“通常的，習(xí)慣的”；beneficial“有益的，有利的”。句意：嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律制度對行為的影響是有益的。選項D符合題意。

15.單選題

Mrs.Jenkins,uponhearingthatherarmwasbroken,looked______atthedoctor.

問題1選項

A.jovially

B.plaintively

C.fortuitously

D.opportunely

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.jovially高興地；愉快地B.plaintively哀怨地，傷心地

C.fortuitously偶然地，意外地D.opportunely及時地；恰好地

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息herarmwasbroken（她的胳膊斷了）可知，空格處填入“傷心地”符合句意。因此，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】詹金斯太太聽到她的胳膊斷了，悲傷地看著醫(yī)生。

16.單選題

JuliaGillard,Australia’sprimeminister,wasforcedtodropacontroversialproposaltofunneltheprocessingofpeopleseekingasyluminhercountrythroughMalaysia.

問題1選項

A.channel

B.siphon

C.clag

D.scintillate

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義動詞辨析。A選項channel“引導(dǎo)，開導(dǎo)；提供資金；輸送；開辟水道，形成凹槽”；B選項siphon“用虹吸管吸出；抽取”；C選項clag“阻礙；妨礙；凝結(jié)”；D選項scintillate“發(fā)出火花；閃爍”。句意：澳大利亞總理朱莉婭?吉拉德（JuliaGillard）被迫放棄一項有爭議的提案，該提案要求通過馬來西亞來處理在澳大利亞尋求庇護(hù)的人。funnel“流經(jīng)狹窄空間；通過漏斗將……導(dǎo)入；匯集，傳送”，A選項與該詞詞意最相近，因此A選項正確。

17.單選題

Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe（）.

問題1選項

A.sky

B.pan

C.house

D.dark

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。aflashinthepan“曇花一現(xiàn)，轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，多用來形容某事持續(xù)時間短”。句意：尼克的新小說證明他并不是曇花一現(xiàn)。因此B選項正確。

18.單選題

________canbeseenfromthecomparisonofthesefigures,theprincipleinvolvestheactiveparticipationofthepatientinthemodificationofhiscondition.

問題1選項

A.As

B.What

C.That

D.It

【答案】A

【解析】考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：（）從這些數(shù)字的比較可以看出，其原理涉及到病人積極參與病情的改善。兩個句子之間缺少連詞，所以不能只單獨(dú)加主語，此句是非限制性定語從句。根據(jù)句意as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句來修飾整個主句最合適，所以答案選A。what和that都不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以B，C不選。

19.單選題

Whenyouchoseapieceofcloth,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldpayattentiontoisits______.

問題1選項

A.textile

B.content

C.style

D.texture

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項textile“紡織品”；B選項content“含量；（書、講話、節(jié)目等的）主題，主要內(nèi)容”；C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”；D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感；口感”。句意：當(dāng)你選擇一塊布的時候，最重要的是要注意它的質(zhì)地。根據(jù)語境，這里在講如何挑選布料，布料的______非常重要，D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感”符合題意；而C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”形容服裝更合適，布料沒太多設(shè)計樣式和風(fēng)格可言。因此D選項正確。

20.單選題

（）nativetoNorthAmerica,cornhasnowspreadallovertheworld.

問題1選項

A.Inspiteof

B.Thatitis

C.Itwas

D.Although

【答案】D

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。A選項Inspiteof“盡管”，后應(yīng)接名詞；B選項Thatitis“那是”；C選項Itwas“這是”；D選項Although“盡管”。句意：雖然玉米原產(chǎn)于北美，但現(xiàn)在已遍布世界各地。如果狀語從句中的主語和主句中的主語一致，就可以省略狀語從句中的主語和be動詞，從而使句子更加簡潔明了。在這句話中，從句中的主語也是corn，因此其主語corn和is可以省略。因此D選項正確。

21.單選題

TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethattheGovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek:“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”

Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.

Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.

TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.

36.TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto___.

37.TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto___.

38.Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto___.

39.Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe___.

40.Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause___.

問題1選項

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopment

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroad

D.developmorequicklythanatpresent

問題2選項

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsources

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

C.helptheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblems

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsize

問題3選項

A.thedevelopmentofindustry

B.agrowthinpopulation

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogramme

D.thedevelopmentofnewtowns

問題4選項

A.alargereductiononunemployment

B.agrowthinthetouristindustry

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustries

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries

問題5選項

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianideal

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianideal

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansociety

D.theyregardoilasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】36.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised)（挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)。一項新的法律限制了人們只能在漫長的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探；制定了生產(chǎn)限額（盡管已經(jīng)提高））可知B選項“減緩它的發(fā)展速度”正確；第一段andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers（石油公司雇傭外國工人的數(shù)量不得超過一定數(shù)量）可知A選項“為外國工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會”和原文相悖；C選項“出售它在國外生產(chǎn)的石油”以及D選項“比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快”為原文所提及。因此B選項正確。

37.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段第一句TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.（挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)）以及第一段第三句Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblemsandfewpeoplebelievethatthegovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.（但石油行業(yè)有一種克服這些問題的方法，很少有人相信政府能夠長期維持現(xiàn)狀）可以推測出政府努力維持現(xiàn)狀，選D選項“保持石油工業(yè)接近目前規(guī)模”，同時可知A選項“鼓勵石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源”和C選項“幫助石油公司解決許多問題”與原文相悖；B選項“阻止石油公司雇傭來自挪威北部的人”原文未提及，排除。因此D選項正確。

38.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段末尾Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.（但是石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始把人們吸引到南方，不出幾年，整個北方政策可能會崩潰）可知選C選項“發(fā)展方案的失敗”，同時可知A選項“工業(yè)的發(fā)展”以及B選項“人口增長”和原文相悖；D選項“新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展”未提及，排除。因此C選項正確。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.（然而，石油工業(yè)的影響將不限于北方。由于將近百分之百就業(yè)率，每個人都能看出一種發(fā)展中的情況：服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會跑到石油工業(yè)去）可知南方服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的工人們會進(jìn)入石油行業(yè)，