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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Sheisvery(

)aboutherappearance.Halfofhersalarygoestoclothes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.particular

B.peculiar

C.special

D.unusual

【答案】A

【解析】particularabout為固定短語搭配,意為“對...挑剔,過分講究的”。這里指她對自己的外表很講究。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

MississippialsoupholdstheSouth’swell-deservedreputationforwarm,hospitablepeople;balmyyear-roundweatherandtruly()cuisine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.horrible

C.amiable

D.delectable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。destructive“破壞性的”;horrible“可怕的”;amiable“親切的”;delectable“美味的”。空格處用來修飾cuisine(烹飪)這個(gè)單詞,前文是講密西西比為什么這么出名,所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

Practitionersoflawandmedicineareesteemedinmanycountrieswhichseemstoindicatethat(

)dependsonprofessionortitle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prestige

B.superiority

C.privilege

D.merit

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。prestige“聲望;聲譽(yù)”;superiority“優(yōu)越;優(yōu)越性”;privilege“特權(quán);優(yōu)待”;merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn);價(jià)值”。句意:法律和醫(yī)生從業(yè)者在許多國家都受到尊敬,這似乎說明聲望取決于職業(yè)和頭銜。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.翻譯題

今天,阿拉木圖(Alma-Ata)宣言的目標(biāo)比起25年前反而離實(shí)現(xiàn)更為遙遠(yuǎn)了。深刻的經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等和社會不公正繼續(xù)拒絕給許多人提供良好的健康,繼續(xù)扮演全球持續(xù)性健康受益的障礙。全世界的國家間及國家內(nèi)部在健康成就的步伐上和等級上仍有巨大的差異。一個(gè)可能的解釋是開始于20世紀(jì)80年代作為世界銀行結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整計(jì)劃一部分的健康部門的改革還沒有顯示出改進(jìn)不平等的結(jié)果;在某些情況下,它們反而讓這些不平等更為嚴(yán)重了。

現(xiàn)在我們面臨健康研究中的四大挑戰(zhàn):道德價(jià)值、公平和美德、可持續(xù)的健康研究體系、良好的研究環(huán)境及知識的產(chǎn)出和應(yīng)用。為了應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),保健體系和健康研究體系兩者應(yīng)向一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的和解決問題的模式推進(jìn),把創(chuàng)新包括在運(yùn)作之中,更好地掌握未來發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。沒有效果明顯的錦囊妙計(jì),沒有簡單的解決方法,只是有許多事情要去學(xué)習(xí)。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Today,thegoalsofAlma-AtaDeclarationseemevenmoredistantthantheywereaquarterofacenturyago.Deepeconomicinequalitiesandsocialinjusticescontinuetodenygoodhealthtomanyandpersistasobstaclestocontinuedhealthgainsworldwide.Thereisalsogreatvariationinthepaceandlevelofhealthachievementsbothbetweenandwithincountriesaroundtheworld.Onepossibleexplanationisthathealthsectorreformsthatbeganinthelate1980saspartofthestructuraladjustmentprogrammeoftheWorldBankhavenotbeenconclusivelyshowntoimproveinequities;insomecasestheymayhaveworsenedthem.

Nowwearefacedwithfourkeychallengesforhealthresearch:valuesofethics,equityandexcellence,sustainablehealthresearchsystems,favorableresearchenvironment,andknowledgeproductionandapplication.Torisetothechallenge,healthsystemsandhealthresearchsystemstogethershouldmoveintoalearningandproblemsolvingmode,integrateinnovationintotheiroperationsandbettermanageopportunitiesforfuturegrowthanddevelopment.Therearenoquickfixes,nosimplesolutionsandmuchremainstobelearnt.

5.單選題

)Itwasafterthefailureofthisattemptthathetoforce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolved

B.recurred

C.exerted

D.resorted

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:自那次試驗(yàn)失敗后,他訴諸武力。

resolve:決心,分解;recur:復(fù)發(fā),重視,再發(fā)生;exert:運(yùn)用,發(fā)揮。resort:求助,訴諸。此句是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)是狀語。Resortto訴諸,求助于。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Withitsstockpricerisingby20percent,thecompanybecomesthesecondmost()technologyfirminthecounty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.valuable

B.worthwhile

C.priceless

D.precious

【答案】A

【解析】valuable有價(jià)值的;worthwhile值得的;priceless無價(jià)的;precious珍貴的。句意:隨著股價(jià)上漲20%,該公司成為全縣第二大最有價(jià)值的科技公司。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

Onechildperfamilyhasbecomethe()offamilyinmostcitiesinChina.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standards

B.criteria

C.norm

D.Itriedhard

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)standards“標(biāo)準(zhǔn);規(guī)格”;B選項(xiàng)criteria“標(biāo)準(zhǔn),條件”;C選項(xiàng)norm“標(biāo)準(zhǔn),規(guī)范”D選項(xiàng)touchstone“試金石;檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。句意:一個(gè)家庭一個(gè)孩子已經(jīng)成為中國大多數(shù)城市的家庭標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A,B,C選項(xiàng)都有“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的意思,它們的區(qū)別是:standard指法定的或一般公認(rèn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),用途比較廣泛,criteria指有特殊的確實(shí)性,令人信服而用以判斷,norm是一種社會習(xí)慣(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),指規(guī)范、基準(zhǔn)、定額、分配之工作量、準(zhǔn)則。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Researchshowsthatmanyvoterswhohaven’tyetmadeuptheirmindsare______towardstheDemocrats.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tilting

B.skidding

C.transferring

D.sliding

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)tilt“傾斜,翹起,俯仰(攝影機(jī))”,B項(xiàng)skid“剎住,使減速,滾滑”,C項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)接,移交”,D項(xiàng)slide“滑動,平穩(wěn)地走,悄悄移動”。根據(jù)句子意思“研究表明,許多尚未做出決定的選民都……向民主黨”可知,tilt符合語境,tilttowards表示“偏向,向……傾斜”。句意:研究表明,許多尚未下定決心的選民正傾向于民主黨。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

IntheUSA,85%ofthepopulationovertheageof21approveofthedeathpenalty.Inthemanystateswhichstillhavethedeathpenalty,someusetheelectricchair,whichcantakeup20minutestokill,whileothersusegasorlethalinjection.

ThefirstofthesewasthecaseofRuthElliswhowashangedforshootingherloverinwhatwasgenerallyregardedasacrimepassion.Thesecondwashangedformurderswhich,itwaslaterprovedhadbeencommittedbysomeoneelse.

Thepro-hanginglobbyusesfourmainargumentstosupportitscallforthereintroductionofcapitalpunishment.Firstthereisthedeterrencetheory,whicharguesthatpotentialmurderswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingtheactiftheyknewthattheymightdieiftheywerecaught.Thearmedbankrobbermight,likewise,gobacktobeingunarmed.

Theothertwoargumentsaremoresuspect.Theideaofretributiondemandsthatcriminalsshouldgetwhattheydeserve:ifamurdererintentionallysetouttocommitacrime.Heshouldaccepttheconsequences.Retributionwhichisjustanotherwordforrevengeissupportedbythereligiousdoctrineofaneyeforaneyeandatoothforatooth.

Theargumentsagainstthedeathpenaltyarelargelyhumanitarian.Buttherearealsostatisticalreasonsforopposingit:thedeterrencefiguresdonotaddup.InBritain,1903wastherecordyearforexecutionandyetin1904thenumberofmurdersactuallyrose.Therewasasimilaroccurrencein1946and1947.Ifthedeterrencetheorywerecorrect,therateshouldhavefallen.

Theotherreasonstoopposethedeathpenaltyarelargelyamatterofindividualconscienceandbelief.Oneisthatmurderismurderandthatthestatehasnomorerighttotakealifethantheindividual.TheotheristhatChristianityadvisesforgivenessnotrevenge.

41.Allofthefollowingdeathpenaltymethodsarementionedinthepassageexcept______.

42.Accordingtothefirstfourparagraphs,whichofthefollowingstatementsinnotcorrect?

43.InParagraph3,“deterrence”means______.

44.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat______.

45.Thepassageismainlyabout______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theelectricchair

B.thelethalinjection

C.thepoisonousgas

D.theshooting

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.RuthElliswasshotbyhislover,whichwasregardedasacrimeofpassion.

B.Thedeathpenaltymayhelpthepotentialmurdererstoarousemoralawareness.

C.Theinternationalmurderershouldeathisownbitterfruit.

D.Accordingtothereligiousdoctrine,punishmentshouldbeassevereastheinjury.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.proclamation

B.protest

C.prevention

D.protection

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.neitherthestatenortheindividualhastherighttotakealife

B.thestatehastherighttotakealifebuttheindividualdoesnot

C.thedeathpenaltyhasnothingtodowithindividualconscienceandbelief

D.thedeterrencefigureshasaddedupandtheexecutionratehasfallen

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theargumentinfavorofthedeathpenalty

B.theargumentagainstthedeathpenalty

C.theargumentabouttheabolitionofthedeathpenalty

D.theargumentaboutthereintroductionofthedeathpenalty

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“文中提到了下列所有死刑方法,但沒有提到……”。第一段最后一句說講到了現(xiàn)在還在用的一些執(zhí)行死刑的方式,根據(jù)someusetheelectricchair,whichcantakeup20minutestokill,whileothersusegasorlethalinjection.(一些州使用電椅處決,這可能需要20分鐘,而另一些州則使用毒氣或注射死刑)可知,執(zhí)行死刑的方式是電椅,毒氣和毒藥注射;因此A項(xiàng)“電椅”、B項(xiàng)“致命性注射”和C項(xiàng)“毒氣”均正確;所以選D項(xiàng)“槍擊”。因此,該題選D。

42.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)前四段,下列哪一項(xiàng)敘述是不正確的?”。A項(xiàng)“RuthEllis被自己的愛人所殺,這被認(rèn)為是沖動犯罪”,根據(jù)第二段的第一句話ThefirstofthesewasthecaseofRuthElliswhowashangedforshootingherloverinwhatwasgenerallyregardedasacrimepassion.(第一個(gè)是RuthEllis的案子,她被處以絞刑,因?yàn)樗龢寶⒘怂那槿?,這被認(rèn)為是一種犯罪沖動),可知第一個(gè)被執(zhí)行死刑的是RuthEIHs,她是因?yàn)闅⑺懒俗约旱膼廴硕唤g死,而非被自己的愛人所殺;所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)“死刑可以幫助潛在的殺人犯喚起道德意識”,第三段第二句提到Firstthereisthedeterrencetheory,whicharguesthatpotentialmurderswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingtheactiftheyknewthattheymightdieiftheywerecaught.(首先是威懾理論,該理論認(rèn)為,如果潛在的殺人犯知道自己被抓后可能會喪命,那么他們在實(shí)施犯罪之前會三思而后行)可知,實(shí)施死刑可以震懾殺人犯,讓他們在犯罪前三思而后行,這就說明了死刑可以幫助殺人犯喚起道德意識,B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)“國際殺人犯應(yīng)該自食其果”,第四段第二句提到ifamurdererintentionallysetouttocommitacrime.Heshouldaccepttheconsequences.(如果一個(gè)殺人犯故意犯罪,他應(yīng)該承擔(dān)后果),由此可知C項(xiàng)正確;D項(xiàng)“根據(jù)宗教教義,懲罰應(yīng)該和傷害一樣嚴(yán)重”,第四段最后一句提到Retributionwhichisjustanotherwordforrevengeissupportedbythereligiousdoctrineofaneyeforaneyeandatoothforatooth.(懲罰,也就是報(bào)復(fù)的另一種說法,是由以眼還眼,以牙還牙的宗教教義所支持的),由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。故該題選A。

43.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語義推測題。題干意思是“第三段的deterrence是什么意思?”。根據(jù)第三段第二句whicharguesthatpotentialmurderswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingtheactiftheyknewthattheymightdieiftheywerecaught.(該理論認(rèn)為,如果潛在的殺人犯知道自己被抓后可能會喪命,那么他們在實(shí)施犯罪之前會三思而后行)可知,潛在的殺人犯因?yàn)橹烙兴佬痰拇嬖诰蜁诜缸锏臅r(shí)候三思,這說明死刑對殺人犯是一種威懾作用;所以deterrencetheory是威懾理論,deterrence表示“威懾,制止”。A項(xiàng)“公告,宣告”,B項(xiàng)“抗議,反對”,C項(xiàng)“預(yù)防,阻止”,D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)”。故該題選C正確。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“從最后一段,我們可以知道……”。根據(jù)最后一段Theotherreasonstoopposethedeathpenaltyarelargelyamatterofindividualconscienceandbelief.Oneisthatmurderismurderandthatthestatehasnomorerighttotakealifethantheindividual.TheotheristhatChristianityadvisesforgivenessnotrevenge.(反對死刑的其他原因主要是個(gè)人良心和信仰的問題;一是謀殺就是謀殺,國家和個(gè)人一樣沒有權(quán)利剝奪生命;另一種是基督教建議寬恕而不是報(bào)復(fù)),可知A項(xiàng)“政府和個(gè)人都沒有權(quán)利剝奪別人的生命”正確;B項(xiàng)“國家有權(quán)剝奪一個(gè)人的生命,但個(gè)人卻不能”錯(cuò)誤,國家也不能剝奪一個(gè)人的生命;C項(xiàng)“死刑與個(gè)人的良心和信仰無關(guān)”,最后一段第一句就說到反對死刑的其他原因主要是個(gè)人良心和信仰的問題,因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)“威懾?cái)?shù)字增加了,執(zhí)行率下降了”,第五段最后一句提到Ifthedeterrencetheorywerecorrect,therateshouldhavefallen.(如果威懾理論是正確的,那么犯罪率應(yīng)該下降了),可知威懾并沒有降低犯罪率,所以D項(xiàng)也錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A正確。

45.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“文章主要是關(guān)于……”。文章前兩段通過死刑的話題引出下文;第三段是關(guān)于支持死刑的論據(jù),最后兩段是反對死刑的論據(jù)。A項(xiàng)“支持死刑的論據(jù)”和B項(xiàng)“反對死刑的論據(jù)”都只是對死刑的部分觀點(diǎn),比較片面;C項(xiàng)“關(guān)于廢除死刑的爭論”,文中沒有提到過關(guān)于廢除死刑的爭論;D項(xiàng)“關(guān)于恢復(fù)死刑的爭論”,文章第三段有提及Thepro-hanginglobbyusesfourmainargumentstosupportitscallforthereintroductionofcapitalpunishment.(支持絞刑的游說團(tuán)體用四個(gè)主要論據(jù)來支持其重新引入死刑的呼吁),由此可知全文是圍繞reintroductionofdeathpenalty來展開的一個(gè)論述,因此D項(xiàng)正確。故該題選D。

10.單選題

Inthisnewera,thesinglemostimmediateandmostseriouschallengetoAmerica’straditionalidentitycomesfromtheimmenseandcontinuingimmigrationfromLatinAmerica,especiallyfromMexico,andthefertilityratesoftheseimmigrantscomparetoblackandwhiteAmericannatives.Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration.Theextentandnatureofthisimmigrationdifferfundamentallyfromthoseofpreviousimmigration,andtheassimilationsuccessesofthepastareunlikelytobeduplicatedwiththecontemporaryfloodofimmigrantsfromLatinAmerica.Thisrealityposesafundamentallyquestions:WilltheUnitedStatesremainacountrywithasinglenationallanguageandacore-Anglo-Protestantculture?Byignoringthisquestion,Americansacquiescetotheireventualtransformationintotwopeoplewithtwocultures.

TheimpactofMexicanimmigrationontheUnitedStatesbecomesevidentwhenoneimagineswhatwouldhappenifMexicanimmigrationabruptlystopped.Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout175,000closertothelevelrecommendedbythe1990sCommissiononImmigrantsReformchairedbyformerU.S.CongresswomanBarbaraJordan.Illegalentrieswoulddiminishdramatically.Thewagesoflow-incomeU.S.citizenswouldimprove.DebatesovertheuseofSpanishandwhetherEnglishshouldbemadetheofficiallanguageofstateandnationalgovernmentswouldsubside.Bilingualeducationandthecontroversiesitspawnswouldvirtuallydisappear,aswouldcontroversiesoverwelfareandotherbenefitsforimmigrants.ThedebateoverwhetherimmigrantsposeaneconomicburdenonstateandskillsoftheimmigrantscontinuingtoarrivewouldreachtheirhighestlevelsinU.Shistory.Theinflowofimmigrantswouldagainbecomehighlydiverse,creatingincreasedincentivesforallimmigrantstolearnEnglishandabsorbU.Sculture.Andmostimportantofall,thepossibilityofadefactosplitbetweenapredominantlySpanish-speakingUnitedStatesandanEnglish-speakingUnitedStateswoulddisappear,andwithit,amajorpotentialthreattothecountry’scultureandpoliticalintegrity.

1.WhatmakesAmericansveryproudinthepastis(

).

2.WhichofthefollowingdidnotmaketheAmericansneglectthecurrentimmigrationflood?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

).

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirstrongeconomicandpoliticalpoweronworldstage

B.theircapabilityofintegratingotherpeopleintotheirculture

C.theirgreattoleranceoftheculturalfeaturesofimmigrants

D.theirhighfertilityrateofnativeblacksandwhite

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefocusontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration.

B.Thefailureinmakingadistinctionbetweenimmigrants.

C.Thelackofrecognitionoftheimmigrants’culturalinfluence.

D.Theindulgenceincelebratingtheirsuccessinthepast.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.amorediversifiedimmigrantflowwillhelpthepromotionofEnglishlanguage

B.anabruptstopinMexicanimmigrationisaroundthecomer

C.thesuddenstopinlegalimmigrationwilloftenresultinasuddenincreaseinillegalentries

D.formerCongresswomanBarbaraJordanisstronglyagainstMexicanimmigrationtotheUS

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheincreasingnumberofMexicanimmigrantsisgoingtostopexpandinginthecomingyears.

B.TheMexicanimmigrationhasalreadyresultedinthenumberofSpanishspeakingpeople.

C.TheMexicanmovetotheUSwiththedeliberateintentionofdestroyingherculturalandpoliticalintegrity.

D.TheAmericansdonothavetoworryabouttheimpactofMexicanimmigrationatall.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThechallengetotheUSfromHispanicimmigrants

B.ThedecreasingdiversityofimmigrantstotheUS

C.ImmigrantsandtheirinfluenceontheUSculture

D.AdisappearingUnitedStatesandapossiblesolution

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences(過去美國成功同化了成千上萬移民,沒有在移民中造成任何區(qū)別對待的問題,并且把關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)放在了移民的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和收益方面,沒有去考慮移民帶來的社會和文化影響,為此美國幾乎可以進(jìn)行自夸),可知過去讓美國感到自豪的是“將其他國家的人融入自己文化的能力”,即選項(xiàng)B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration(過去美國成功同化了成千上萬移民,沒有在移民中造成任何區(qū)別對待的問題,并且把關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)放在了移民的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和收益方面,沒有去考慮移民帶來的社會和文化影響,為此美國幾乎可以進(jìn)行自夸。因此,美國忽視了當(dāng)前拉美裔移民的獨(dú)特性和可能帶來的影響),選項(xiàng)B“沒有對不同的移民特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行區(qū)分”與句子中的overlookedtheuniquecharacteristics意思相同,故B項(xiàng)是原因所在。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout175,000closertothelevelrecommendedbythe1990sCommissiononImmigrantsReformchairedbyformerU.S.CongresswomanBarbaraJordan.Illegalentrieswoulddiminishdramatically(年度合法移民的流入可能會下降175,000,接近20世紀(jì)90年代由美國國會議員BarbaraJordan管理的移民改革委員會所期望達(dá)到的水平。非法入境人數(shù)也會極大地減少),可知選項(xiàng)C“合法移民的突然禁止通常會導(dǎo)致非法入境人數(shù)的突然增加”與文章意思不符;雖然20世紀(jì)90年代由美國國會議員BarbaraJordan管理的移民改革委員會期望達(dá)到的移民數(shù)量水平比實(shí)際低,但這不代表BarbaraJordan強(qiáng)烈反對墨西哥人移民美國,故選項(xiàng)D”前國會議員BarbaraJordan強(qiáng)烈反對墨西哥移民到美國”表述錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)文章第二段的Theinflowofimmigrantswouldagainbecomehighlydiverse,creatingincreasedincentivesforallimmigrantstolearnEnglishandabsorbU.Sculture(移民的多樣性會極大增加,這會刺激所有移民學(xué)習(xí)英語,融入美國文化的積極性)可知選項(xiàng)A“更加多樣性的移民會有助于發(fā)揚(yáng)英語”正確;選項(xiàng)B“墨西哥移民的突然制止很快就會執(zhí)行”在文章中沒有體現(xiàn),故答案選項(xiàng)為A。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:TheimpactofMexicanimmigrationontheUnitedStatesbecomesevidentwhenoneimagineswhatwouldhappenifMexicanimmigrationabruptlystopped,這只是通過假設(shè)墨西哥移民的突然中止來分析墨西哥移民對美國的影響,故選項(xiàng)A”墨西哥移民不斷增加的勢頭將會在接下來的幾年中止”錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)Andmostimportantofall,thepossibilityofadefactosplitbetweenapredominantlySpanish-speakingUnitedStatesandanEnglish-speakingUnitedStateswoulddisappear...(最重要的是,以西班牙語為主要語言的美國和以英語為主要語言的美國的分離的可能性將會消失)可以推斷出墨西哥移民已經(jīng)使得部分人開始說西班牙語,故選項(xiàng)B”墨西哥移民已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致說西班牙語的人數(shù)增加”正確;選項(xiàng)C“墨西哥移民進(jìn)入美國是為了破壞美國文化和政治的統(tǒng)一性”在文章中沒有體現(xiàn);選項(xiàng)D“美國人完全不需要擔(dān)心墨西哥移民帶來的影響”與文章主旨意思相反,故答案選項(xiàng)為B。

5.主旨大意題。本文中一直在陳述移民以及移民文化,移民文化給美國帶來的變化。所以C選項(xiàng)“移民及其對美國文化的影響”適合作文章標(biāo)題。

11.單選題

FirefighterswerenotattackingthemajorfiresinVirginiadirectlybutwereputtingouthotspotsthatcouldprovedangerousifwinds().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedup

B.pickedout

C.pickedthrough

D.pickedin

【答案】A

【解析】pickup撿起,獲得,收拾;pickout挑選出;pick不與through和in搭配。句意:消防隊(duì)員沒有直接撲滅維吉尼亞州的大火,而是正在撲滅一些如果被風(fēng)吹到可能會變得很危險(xiǎn)的熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Todothisjobwell,youmustbe()notonlyinEnglish,butalsoincomputerprogramming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficient

B.effective

C.proficient

D.beneficial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)efficient“有效率的”;B選項(xiàng)“有效的,起作用的”;C選項(xiàng)“熟練的,精通的”;D選項(xiàng)“有益的”。句意:為做好這項(xiàng)工作,你不但要在英語上而且在計(jì)算機(jī)編程方面都……。綜合句意和語義,此處填proficient“熟練的,精通的”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Televisionisoneofthemeans[A]bywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed—andperhapsneverbefore[B]it’sservedsomuchtoconnectdifferent[C]peoplesandnations[D]asintherecenteventsinEurope.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bywhich

B.it’sserved

C.peoplesandnations

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。當(dāng)否定詞位于句首時(shí),句子中助動詞提前,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。B選項(xiàng)處never提前,因此it’sserved應(yīng)改為hasitserved。

14.單選題

ImportedfromGermany,this()instrumentrequiresawell-trainedoperator.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.intricate

C.competent

D.luxurious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)artificial“人造的;仿造的;虛偽的”;B選項(xiàng)intricate“復(fù)雜的;錯(cuò)綜的;纏結(jié)的”;C選項(xiàng)competent“勝任的;有能力的”;D選項(xiàng)luxurious“奢侈的;豐富的”。句意:從德國進(jìn)口的這個(gè)復(fù)雜儀器需要一位訓(xùn)練有素的操作者。根據(jù)句意,判斷出B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

IthinkI’dliketostayhomethisevening(

)goingoutasitisrainingtooheavily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.betterthan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.soonerthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。betterthan“超過,多于,好于”;otherthan“除了,不同于”;ratherthan“而不是;寧可……也不愿”;soonerthan“早于”。句意:我今晚想待在家里,而不是出去,因?yàn)橥饷嫦麓笥?。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusetilemobilephoneinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.Businesspeople,usemobileswhenthey’retraveling.Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessageandaccesstheInternet.Theyuseanewkindofmobilephonecalled“i-mode”.Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.

Mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallbornehomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.Sotheyfeelsafer.Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.It’scooltobetheownerofasmallexpensivemobile.Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.Parentsandschoolsarehappythatteenagersaresaferandsmokeless.

Butmanypeopledislikethem.Theyhateitwhenthebusinessmanoppositethemonthetrainhasaloudconversationonhisphone.Orwhenthemobilephoneringsinacafeorrestaurant.Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatthemobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.

1.Mobilesarepopularamongpeoplebecause________.

2.ItisstatedinthepassagethatinRussiaandChina________.

3.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildrenbecause________.

4.Whycanmobilephonesbeamuchmoreseriousproblem?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitletileofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkmobilesarefun

B.theybelievemobilesaresafe

C.theylovetolistentomusic

D.theyfeeliteasiertotalktoeachother

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ordinarytelephoneserviceisavailableeverywhere

B.peopleprefermobilephonestoordinarytelephones

C.mobilesareusedinplaceswithoutordinarytelephones

D.peopleusemobilestosende-mailsandaccesstheinternet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers

B.theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp

C.theycanusemobilestoplaysimplecomputergames

D.mobilephonesenableteenagerstogiveupsmoking

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplehatethebusinessmenusingmobilesinpublicplaces.

B.Becausepeoplefeeltheirprivacyunprotectedinacafeorrestaurant.

C.Becausethereisstrongevidencefortheproblemsofmobiles.

D.Becausetheuseofmobilephonescanbephysicallyharmful.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhyAreMobilesSoPopular?

B.Mobiles-UsefulorUseless?

C.Mobiles-ADangertoHealth?

D.WhyDoWeDesignMobiles?

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段開頭Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.(為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g互相交談。而且用手機(jī)就容易多了。),由此可知手機(jī)受歡迎的原因是手機(jī)會讓人們的交談變得更容易,所以D選項(xiàng)“人們覺得交談變得更容易”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為手機(jī)很有趣”文章并未提及,屬于無中生有;B選項(xiàng)“人們相信手機(jī)是安全的”,干擾源“safe”對應(yīng)原文第二段開頭,但此處講的是父母給孩子買手機(jī)的原因,而不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,屬于張冠李戴;C選項(xiàng)“人們喜歡聽音樂”對應(yīng)原文第一段段尾“Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.”,但此處與題干問題無關(guān),不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段第四句IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusemobilephonesinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.(在俄羅斯和中國這樣的國家,人們在沒有普通電話的地方使用手機(jī)。),所以C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)是在沒有普通電話的地方使用的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一般的電話服務(wù)在任何地方都可以使用”和B選項(xiàng)“比起普通電話,人們更喜歡移動電話”文章都沒有提到,屬于無中生有;D選項(xiàng)“人們用手機(jī)發(fā)電子郵件和上網(wǎng)”對應(yīng)文章第一段第六句Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessagesandaccesstheInternet.(在一些國家,比如日本,很多人用手機(jī)發(fā)送電子郵件和上網(wǎng)。),但此處講的是手機(jī)在日本的使用情況,而不是俄羅斯和中國,屬于張冠李戴。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段開頭Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.(父母為他們的孩子買手機(jī)。如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助,他們可以打電話回家。),所以B選項(xiàng)“如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助,他們可以打電話回家”正確。A選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)在青少年中很流行”對應(yīng)第二段的第一句,但是正是因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟母改附o孩子購買手機(jī)才使得手機(jī)在青少年中很流行,并不是因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)流行父母才給孩子買手機(jī),父母的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是為了孩子們的安全考慮,此處屬于偷換概念;C選項(xiàng)“他們可以用手機(jī)玩簡單的電腦游戲”對應(yīng)文章第二段第五句Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.(但青少年大多使用手機(jī)與朋友保持聯(lián)系或玩簡單的電腦游戲。),但此處與題干無關(guān),不是父母給孩子購買手機(jī)的原因,屬于出處錯(cuò)位;D選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)使青少年能夠戒煙”對應(yīng)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.(研究表明,擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少。),但此句講的是擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少,并不是說手機(jī)能夠使青少年戒煙,屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatmobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.(但還有一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重的問題。手機(jī)可能會讓大腦發(fā)熱,因?yàn)槲覀儼咽謾C(jī)拿得離頭部太近了??茖W(xué)家們擔(dān)心,手機(jī)可能會損害你的記憶力,甚至?xí)?dǎo)致癌癥。),由此可推斷出更嚴(yán)重的問題是手機(jī)會影響人們的健康,所以D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槭褂靡苿与娫捒赡軐ι眢w有害”正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇憛捝倘嗽诠矆鏊褂檬謾C(jī)”和B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇X得在咖啡館或餐館里沒有隱私保護(hù)”對應(yīng)文章最后一段的第一、二句“但是很多人不喜歡它們。他們討厭在火車上對面的商人大聲打電話,或者在咖啡館或餐館里手機(jī)響?!?,但此處講的是人們不喜歡手機(jī)的原因,并不是手機(jī)成為一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重問題的原因,所以A選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;并且這里也沒有提到任何隱私問題,所以B選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橛袕?qiáng)有力的證據(jù)證明手機(jī)的問題”文章沒有提到,屬于無中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章開頭就提到了“Whyaremobilessopopular?(為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?)”,由此可知文章接下來都是在談手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,所以A選項(xiàng)“為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎”正確。B選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)有用還是沒用”,文章主要探討的是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,并不是手機(jī)的用處,屬于無中生有;C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)危害健康”,文章只在最后一段提到使用手機(jī)會對身體造成危害,并不能用來概括整篇文章,屬于以偏概全;D選項(xiàng)“為什么要設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)”文章并沒有對設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)的原因進(jìn)行闡述,屬于無中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Themedicinemademedrowsy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sleepy

B.dizzy

C.sad

D.lazy

【答案】A

【解析】drowsy意為昏昏欲睡的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

18.單選題

Theleadersofthetwocountriesfeelitdesirableto()fundsfromarmamentstohealthandeducation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.derive

B.deprive

C.dispatch

D.divert

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)derive“源自,得自”;B選項(xiàng)deprive“使喪失,剝奪”;C選項(xiàng)dispatch“派遣,發(fā)送”;D選項(xiàng)divert“轉(zhuǎn)移,使……轉(zhuǎn)向”。句意:兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人認(rèn)為,將資金從軍備()衛(wèi)生和教育是可取的。這里表達(dá)的意思是“將資金從軍備轉(zhuǎn)向衛(wèi)生和教育”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Theargumentwassimultaneouslyapolicydebateandanextendedexegesisofacrucialphraseina1986federallawthatregulatesthehiringprocedures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exportation

B.expulsion

C.explication

D.expiation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exportation“出口;輸出;出口貨”;B選項(xiàng)expulsion“逐出;開除;除籍”;C選項(xiàng)explication“說明;闡明;展開”;D選項(xiàng)expiation“補(bǔ)償;贖罪;抵罪”。句意:這場爭論同時(shí)是一場政策辯論,也是對1986年一項(xiàng)管理招聘程序的聯(lián)邦法律中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵短語的延伸注釋。exegesis“注釋,解釋”,C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Strangelyenough,anoldman()meandintroducedhimself,whoturnedouttobeafriendofmyfather’s.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stoodupto

B.walkedupto

C.livedupto

D.addedupto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起,抵抗”,B項(xiàng)walkupto“走近,走向”,C項(xiàng)liveupto“不辜負(fù),做到”,D項(xiàng)addupto“合計(jì)達(dá),總共達(dá)”;根據(jù)空格前后關(guān)鍵詞anoldman(老人)和introducehimself(介紹他自己)可推斷,空格部分表示“向我走進(jìn)”。句意:奇怪的是,一個(gè)老人走到我面前并做了自我介紹,原來是我父親的朋友。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Thisareaoftheparkhasbeenspecially()forchildren,butaccompanyingadultsarealsowelcome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaugurated

B.designated

C.entitled

D.delegated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:公園的這個(gè)區(qū)是專門為孩子們設(shè)定的,但是也歡迎陪同的成年人。

考查動詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。inaugurate開辟,舉行開幕典禮,舉行就職典禮;designate指定,標(biāo)出,bedesignatedfor為…而設(shè);entitle定名為…,給…稱號,使有權(quán)利,常用于beentitledto表示有……資格;delegate委派……為代表,委任。故B符合句意。

22.單選題

Sincethedawnofcivilization,mankindhasbeenobsessedbythepossibilitythatitwillonedaybeextinguished.Theimpactofanasteroidonearthandthespectreofnuclearholocaustarethemostprevalentmillennialfears.Nowsomescientistsareincreasinglyleaningtowardstheviewthatanewnightmaremustbeaddedtothelist.Theirconcernisthatintelligentcomputerswilleventuallydevelopmindsoftheirownanddestroythehumanrace.

ThelatestwarningcomesfromProfessorStephenHawking.Hetoldaninterviewerthisweekthatartificialintelligencecould“outsmartusall”andthatatechnologicalcatastropheisa“nearcertainty”.Mostnon-expertswilldismisshisclaimsasafantasyrootedinsciencefiction.Butthepaceofprogressinartificialintelligence,orAI,meanspolicymakersshouldalreadybeconsideringthesocialconsequences.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,halftheworld’sAIexpertsbelievehuman-levelmachineintelligencewillbeachievedby2040and90percentsayitwillarriveby2075.SeveralAIexpertstalkaboutthepossibilitythatthehumanbrainwilleventuallybe“reverseengineered”.Someprominenttechleaders,meanwhile,warnthattheconsequencesareunpredictable.ElonMusk,thepioneerofelectriccars,hasarguedthatadvancedcomputertechnologyis“potentiallymoredangerousthannuclearthreats.’’

Thatsaid,theriskthatcomputersmightonedayposeachallengetohumanityshouldbeputinperspective.Scientistsmaynotbeabletosaywithcertaintywhen,orif,machineswillmatchoroutperformmankind.

Butbeforetheworldgetstothatpoint,thedrawingtogetherofbothhumanandcomputerintelligencewillalmostcertainlyhelptotacklepressingproblemsthatcannototherwisebesolved.Thegrowingabilityofcomputerstocrunchenormousquantitiesofdata,forexample,willplayahugeroleinhelpinghumanitytackleclimatechangeanddiseaseoverthenextfewdecades.Itwouldbefollytoarrestthedevelopmentofcomputertechnologynow一andforgothos

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