考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中山大學(xué)新華學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中山大學(xué)新華學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Despitetremendousachievements,formidableobstaclestodevelopmentwillpersist.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.difficultt

B.sustainablet

C.externalt

D.unpredictable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。formidable表示“強(qiáng)大的，可怕的”；A項(xiàng)difficult“困難的，艱難的”，B項(xiàng)sustainable“可以忍受的，足以支撐的”，C項(xiàng)external“外部的，外表的”，D項(xiàng)unpredictable“不可預(yù)知的，出乎意料的”。句意：盡管取得了巨大成就，但發(fā)展仍將面臨巨大障礙。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Practicingmindfulnessandmeditationisbecomingincreasinglypopularamonglawyersinorderto（）somuchofthestressthatgoesalongwithacareerasanattorney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggravate

B.alleviate

C.deteriorate

D.diminish

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)aggravate“加重，激怒”；B選項(xiàng)alleviate“減輕，緩和”；C選項(xiàng)deteriorate“惡化，變壞”；D選項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”。句意：練習(xí)專注和冥想受到了越來(lái)越多的律師歡迎，他們以此來(lái)減輕伴隨律師這個(gè)職業(yè)的諸多壓力。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.單選題

Policebelievethatmanyburglarsareamateurswhowouldfleeifanalarmsoundedorlights（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameout

B.cameon

C.cameto

D.camedown

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。comeout“出現(xiàn)；出版；結(jié)果是”；comeon“快點(diǎn)；開(kāi)始”；cometo“想起；共計(jì)”；comedown“下來(lái)；降落；流傳下來(lái)”。句意：警察認(rèn)為很多盜賊是新手，如果他們聽(tīng)到警報(bào)或者看到燈光就會(huì)逃跑。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Hedoesnot______hisworkmate,andthereareoftendisagreementsbetweenthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.goonwith

B.putupwith

C.getalongwith

D.keepupwith

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.goonwith繼續(xù)；進(jìn)行B.putupwith忍受，容忍

C.getalongwith與……和睦相處；取得進(jìn)展D.keepupwith趕得上；和……保持聯(lián)系

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句“他們之間經(jīng)常有分歧”可知，他和他的同事之間的關(guān)系不是很好，所以空格處表示“和睦相處”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】他和他的同事相處不好，他們之間經(jīng)常有分歧。

5.問(wèn)答題

Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaughs.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydevoid（1）humor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadivideworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,

（2）

turn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumor.Certaincomicstereotypeshaveuniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.

Thelittleman

（3）

oddswithsocietyneverfailstoamusenomatterwhichcountrywecomefrom.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,“Menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughed

（4）

thesameway.”

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtingle

（5）

anearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanaticsappeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremoved

（6）

comedy.Soweneverget&lopsidedviewofthings.

Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatireandirony.Humanpainandsufferingaresogrim;wehoversooften

（7）

thebrinkofwar,politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofsomberpoliticaleventsredressthebalance.Theytakethewindoutofpompousandarrogantpoliticianswhohavelosttheirsense

（

8）

proportion.Theyenableustoseethatmanyofourmostprofoundactionsaremerelycomicorabsurd.WelaughwhenagreatsatiristlikeSwiftwritesaboutwarinGulliver’sTravels.TheLilliputiansandtheirneighborsattackeachotherbecausetheycan’tagreewhichendtobreakanegg.Welaughbecausewemeanttolaugh;butwearemeanttoweeptoo.Itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourish.

Thesenseofhumormustbesingled

（9）

asman’smostimportantqualitybecauseitisassociatedwithlaughter.Andlaughter,inturn,isassociatedwithhappiness.Courage,determination,initiative—thesearequalitiesweshare

（10）

otherformsoflife.Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Ifhappinessisoneofthegreatgoalsoflife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介詞).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothecontext.

devoid(inparagraph1)

plague(inparagraph1)

stereotype(inparagraph1)

fanatic(inparagraph3)

satire(inparagraph4)

somber(inparagraph4)

redress(inparagraph4)

absurd(inparagraph4)

weep(inparagraph4)

initiative(inparagraph5)

【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。由文章第一句可知我們與動(dòng)物的區(qū)別在于我們有笑的能力，因此后面要表達(dá)的是沒(méi)有幽默感，與前面相對(duì)應(yīng)。devoidof意為“缺乏，缺少”。

試題答案：of

2.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過(guò)來(lái)”。

試題答案：in

3.考查介詞搭配。atoddswithsociety意為“與社會(huì)格格不入”。

試題答案：at

4.考查介詞搭配。inthesameway意為“同樣地”。

試題答案：in

5.考查介詞搭配。from...to意為“從……到……”。此句意為：幽默感有各種表現(xiàn)形式，笑可以是從微笑到狂笑，但它的效果是一樣的。

試題答案：to

6.考查介詞搭配。farremovedfrom意為“與……相差太遠(yuǎn)”。此句意為：我們總是被提醒，悲劇并沒(méi)有真正遠(yuǎn)離喜劇。

試題答案：from

7.考查介詞搭配。onthebrinkof意為“瀕于，瀕臨”。

試題答案：on

8.考查介詞搭配。senseof意為“……的感覺(jué)”

試題答案：of

9.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)后面的“Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman（但幽默感是人類特有的）”可知此處表示幽默感最為人類最重要的一個(gè)品質(zhì)，應(yīng)該被單獨(dú)提出來(lái)。besignedout意為“被單獨(dú)提出來(lái)”。

試題答案：out

10.考查介詞搭配。sharewith意為“與……分享，共用”。此句意為：勇氣、決心、主動(dòng)性—這些是我們與其他生命形式共同擁有的品質(zhì)。

試題答案：with

1.試題答案：缺乏的

2.試題答案：給……造成困擾，折磨

3.試題答案：模式，刻板印象

4.試題答案：極端分子，狂熱者

5.試題答案：諷刺

6.試題答案：低沉的，陰暗的

7.試題答案：補(bǔ)償

8.試題答案：荒謬的

9.試題答案：哭泣

10.試題答案：創(chuàng)造性，主動(dòng)性

6.單選題

Beforeabillcanbecomelaw,ithastohavethefull（

）ofbothHousesorParliament.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.justification

B.warrant

C.endorsement

D.verification

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。justification意為“辯解”；warrant意為“授權(quán)令，委任，依據(jù)”；endorsement意為“支持，認(rèn)可”；verification意為“審核，證實(shí)”。

句意：在法案成為法律之前，必須得到議會(huì)和國(guó)會(huì)的完全授權(quán)。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

第二條：專利法所稱發(fā)明，是指對(duì)產(chǎn)品、方法或者其改進(jìn)所提出的新的技術(shù)方案。

綜上所述，原告認(rèn)為：原告與被告天津天利食品有限公司簽訂的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理應(yīng)全面、實(shí)際履行。

從廣義上來(lái)講，中國(guó)司法體系的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置由三大部分組成：人民法院系統(tǒng)、人民檢察院系統(tǒng)和公安機(jī)關(guān)系統(tǒng)。

本協(xié)議經(jīng)有關(guān)雙方如期簽署后生效，有效期為一年，從2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。

【答案】Article2:Theinventioninpatentlawreferstothenewtechnicalsolutionputforwardtoproducts,methodsandtheirimprovement.

Asawhole,theaccuserbelievethatthecontractforloanandmortgagecontract,madebytheaccuserandtheaccusedTianjinTianliFoodCo.Ltd.,areeffectiveandshouldbefulfilledentirelyandpractically.

Initsbroadsense,thestructuralestablishmentinChina’sjudicialsystemconsistsofthreemainparts,namelypeople'scourtsystem,people'sprocuratoratesystemandpublicsecurityorgansystem.

Afterbeingsignedbybothpartiesconcernedasscheduled,thecontractwillbecomevalidforoneyearfromFebruary1,2010toJanuary31,2011.

8.單選題

TomMacaulay,beingadiligentyoungman,neverrefusesto________moreworkthathisbossassignedtohim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeup

B.takein

C.takeoff

D.takeon

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)takeup“占據(jù)”；B選項(xiàng)takein“吸收，領(lǐng)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)takeoff“脫下，起飛”；D選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)，承受”。句意：TomMacaulay作為一名勤奮的年輕人，從來(lái)不拒絕（）他老板派發(fā)給他的工作。派發(fā)的工作是要承擔(dān)的，因而答案選D最為合適。

9.翻譯題

Itistheexistenceofandtheabilitytocontrolpreciselythetwoindependentcharge-transportmechanismsthatmakepossiblealljunctionsemiconductordevices.

【答案】正是精確控制兩個(gè)獨(dú)立電荷傳輸機(jī)制的存在和能力使連接所有半導(dǎo)體器件成為可能。

10.單選題

Hemadesome（

）sketcheswhichwouldserveasguideswhenhepaintedtheactualportrait.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.primary

B.elementary

C.fundamental

D.preliminary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。primary意為“首要的，主要的，初級(jí)的，最初的”，指處于初級(jí)或低級(jí)狀態(tài)；elementary意為“基本的”，指事物的初步或起始階段，或指學(xué)習(xí)某一學(xué)科或接受教育等處于入門階段或只是剛剛接觸的基本知識(shí)或原理；fundamental意為“基礎(chǔ)的，基本的，根本的”，指作為基礎(chǔ)、根本的抽象的事物；preliminary意為“初步的，初級(jí)的”指在正式開(kāi)始舉某活動(dòng)之前進(jìn)行的“初步的、預(yù)備的”活動(dòng)。由sketches（草圖）可知選D。

句意：他畫(huà)了一些初步的草圖，作為他畫(huà)肖像之前的指導(dǎo)。

11.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,jogginghasbecomeapopular（）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在最近的十五年里，慢跑己成為三千萬(wàn)所有年齡層參與者所喜歡的一種消遣。

考查名詞辨析。fantasy幻想，想象，想象產(chǎn)物;；pastime消遣，休閑活動(dòng);symposium討論會(huì)，座談會(huì);penalty罰款，處罰。因此B符合句意。

12.單選題

Itwasobviousthatsheandherhusbandwere（）andshewishedshe'dnevermarriedhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insolvable

B.insensible

C.inseparable

D.incompatible

【答案】D

【解析】句意:很明顯她和她丈夫是水火不相容的，她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他。

考查形容詞辨析。insolvable不能解決（答）的;insensible昏迷的，無(wú)知覺(jué)的；inseparable不可分離的；incompatible不相容的，矛盾的。根據(jù)后半句“她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他”可知D符合句意。

13.翻譯題

Ithinkthat,fromabiologicalstandpoint,humanlifealmostreadslikeapoem.Ithasitsownrhythmandbeat,itsinternalcyclesofgrowthanddecay.Itbeginswithinnocentchildhood,followedbyawkwardadolescencetryingawkwardlytoadaptitselftomaturesociety,withitsyoungpassionsandfollies,itsidealsandambitions;thenitreachesamanhoodofintenseactivities,profitingfromexperienceandlearningmoreaboutsocietyandhumannature;atmiddleage,thereisaslighteasingoftension,amellowingofcharacterliketheripeningoffruitorthemellowingofgoodwine,andthegradualacquiringofamoretolerant,morecynicalandatthesametimeakindlierviewoflife;theninthesunsetofourlife,theendocrineglandsdecreasetheiractivity,andifwehaveatruephilosophyofoldageandhaveorderedourlifepatternaccordingtoit,itisforustheageofpeaceandsecurityandleisureandcontentment;finally,lifeflickersoutandonegoesintoeternalsleepnevertowakeupagain.Oneshouldbeabletosetthebeautyofthisrhythmoflife,toappreciate,aswedoingrandsymphonies,itsmaintheme,itsstrainsofconflictandthefinalresolution.Themovementsofthesecyclesareverymuchthesameinanormallife,buttherelicmustbeprovidedbytheindividualhimself.

【答案】我認(rèn)為，從生物學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，人生就像一首詩(shī)。它有自己的韻律和節(jié)奏，自有內(nèi)在的生長(zhǎng)與衰亡周期。它開(kāi)始于天真的童年，緊隨其后的是稚拙的青春期，帶著年輕的激情和愚笨，笨拙而努力地走向成熟；后來(lái)人到壯年，經(jīng)歷漸廣，閱人漸多，涉世漸深；乃至中年，節(jié)奏漸緩，個(gè)性沉淀如熟果，如美酒，更具容忍之心，愈發(fā)憤世嫉俗，卻待人生愈發(fā)溫和；再后來(lái)到暮年時(shí)，內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)活動(dòng)減少，如果我們已經(jīng)悟得老年真諦，且據(jù)此安頓殘年，則生活將平和、寧?kù)o、安詳且美滿；最后生命之光搖曳而逝，人開(kāi)始永恒的長(zhǎng)眠，不再醒來(lái)。人應(yīng)能感受這種生命韻律之美，就如欣賞交響樂(lè)一樣，欣賞其主旋律、激昂的高潮和舒緩的尾聲。生命的樂(lè)章大同小異，但每個(gè)人應(yīng)譜寫出自己獨(dú)有的樂(lè)曲。

14.單選題

Incontrasttorockmusicians,jazzplayersprefertospendtheirtimewiththeirmusicandtendtomeasuresuccessbythatsinglestandard,asatrombonistonceputit:“Ajazzmusicianwouldratherplayagoodconcertforthreepeoplethanabadoneforthreethousand.”Allthesame,withtheirfellowplayers,jazzmenarecollegiateandgregarious,exchangemusicalideasinaspiritofmutualsupportorfriendlycompetition,unitinginacollaborativeefforttoraisetheleveloftheirart.Eventhegreatestindividualshavebenefitedfromthetalentsofothers.

Inthislegendaryband,DukeEllingtonprovidedstarsoloistswiththeidealframeworkfortheirabilities.Atthesametime,theyinspiredhimwiththerichmaterialoftheirpersonalidiomsandphrases,whichfoundtheirwayintohiscompositions.Infact,Ellingtonwassoadeptatrecyclingwhatheheardthatoneofthemdescribedhimas"notacomposerbutacompiler".

Ellington'screativegiftsweregenuineandvast,butformuchofhislifehedidreceivecrucialassistancenotonlyfromtheinvolvementofhisband,butfromanactualday-in,day-outcollaborator.In1938hemetBillyStrayhorn,ayoungpianist-composerwhowasimmediatelybroughtintotheducalfold.StrayhornbecameEllington'salteredego,contributingscorestothebandbutfunctioningevenmoreimportantlyasasilentpartner,completingpiecesEllingtonleftunfinished,reworkingothersandactingasall-purposecomposer—sometimescredited,moreoftennot.

EllingtonprovidedStrayhornwithfinancialsecurity,artisticrespectandthecreativemediumoftheEllingtonband.Throughouttheirpartnership—whichlasteduntilStrayhorn'sdeathin1967—theyneverhadacontract.Ellingtonsimplypaidallcreativeequalandfriends,describinghimas"myfavoritehumanbeing",Strayhorn,ahomosexualbonvivant,brilliantbutself-effacing,letEllingtontakeboththegloryandthestrainofstardom,whileherelievedsomeoftheartisticpressurewithatalentcomparabletotheleader'sown.

Thoughoccasionallytherewasdiscordoverthematterofofficialcomposercreditintheirjointworks,Ellingtonalwayspubliclyacknowledgedhiscolleague'scontributions,andthemanyStrayhornoriginalsinEllington'sbookspeakforthemselves,includingtheband'sfamousthemeandgreatesthit,"TaketheTrain".Thoughttheyoungmanwasadeptatimitatingtheducalstyle,hisownuniquevoice,fullofsubtleimpressionistcolors,influencedagenerationoflaterjazzcomposers.

1.Accordingtothearticle,jazzmen（）

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutDukeEllington?

3.OftheStrayhorn/Ellingtonrelationship,theauthorbelieves（）

4.Theauthorfeelsjazzmusicians（）

5.ItisindicatedthatBillyStrayhorn（）

6.Thetitleforthispassagewouldbe（）

7.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"hit"inthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.competefiercelywitheachother

B.arenotsociablewhentheyarewiththeirfellowplayers

C.refusetoexchangeideasaboutmusicwiththeirfellowplayers

D.collaboratealotwiththeirfellowplayerstoimprovetheleveloftheirart

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Herefusedtocollaboratewithbutafewtalentedmusicians.

B.Hehadlittlenaturaltalentbutratherusedother'sgeniusforhisownpurposes.

C.HeenteredintoacollaborativerelationshipwithBillyStrayhornthatsuitedbothmen.

D.Heoftenutilizedmaterialfromlesserknownmusicianswithoutproperacknowledgement.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.bothmenwereultimatelydissatisfiedwiththeirworkingarrangement

B.Strayhornwasrespectedandwellcompensatedforhiscontributionstotheband

C.StrayhornprovidedthebulkofthecreativetalentwhileEllingtonreceivedthepublicrecognitionfortheireffort

D.whiletheirprofessionalrelationshipwasproductive,theirpersonalitiesoftenclashed,puttingastrainontheirrelationship

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.striveforcommercialsuccessovermusicalaccomplishment

B.differfromrockmusiciansintheirabilitytoraisetheleveloftheirmusic

C.aretraditionallysoloistswhogainlittlefromcooperativecollaboration

D.gainmuchthroughmutualcollaboration,althoughoftenindividualists

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wrotemanyfamoussongsandoftenattributedtoDukeEllington

B.endedhisworkwithDukeEllingtonamidtensionandfrustration

C.struggledfinanciallyasheneverreceivedpropercreditforhiswork

D.wasbasicallyknownforintegratingdifferentjazzthemesintoalargercompilation

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.JazzmenStrayhornandEllingtonWalkAlone

B.AClassicCollaborativeEffortduringJazz'sFinestHour

C.StrayhornandEllington:anUnequalandFrustrationCollaboration

D.JazzIsNeverPlayedinGroup:EllingtonandStrayhornTelltheWorld

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Asuccessfulplay

B.Strikingvigorously

C.Asongthatwaswelcomedbythepublic

D.Aheadlineprintedprominentlytodrawthepublicattention

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞jazzmen定位到第一段的第二句“withtheirfellowplayers,...raisetheleveloftheirart.”爵士樂(lè)手與其他樂(lè)手合二為一，彼此交流音樂(lè)思想，互相支持，互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作，共同提高自己的藝術(shù)水平。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有提及；根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Ellington'screativegiftsweregenuineandvast.”Ellington的創(chuàng)造天賦是真實(shí)而且巨大的，可知選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段的“StrayhornbecameEllington'salteredego.”可知Ellington和Strayhorn建立了良好的合作關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)C正確；選項(xiàng)D他經(jīng)常在沒(méi)有得到適當(dāng)允許的情況下利用一些不知名音樂(lè)家的材料，與原文描述的他總是受到別人的啟發(fā)，從而找到了自己作品的方向不符，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第三四段的內(nèi)容可知，兩個(gè)人一直保持著良好的合作關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第四段的第一句“EllingtonprovidedStrayhornwithfinancialsecurity,artisticrespectandthecreativemediumoftheEllingtonband.”可知選項(xiàng)B符合原文；選項(xiàng)C與原文描述不符，選項(xiàng)D曲解了最后一段的第一句的原意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Eventhegreatestindividualshavebenefitedfromthetalentsofothers.”即便是最偉大的個(gè)人也能從別人身上受到啟發(fā)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“l(fā)etEllingtontakeboththegloryandthestrainofstardom,whileherelievedsomeoftheartisticpressurewithatalentcomparabletotheleader'sown.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第6題:主旨題。文章首段講了爵士樂(lè)手的特性，提出一個(gè)主要觀點(diǎn)：即使是最偉大的個(gè)人也能從他人的才能中獲益。接下來(lái)便用Ellington和Strayhorn的經(jīng)典例子論證了這一觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B更符合全文主旨。

第7題:語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)原文意思，包括樂(lè)隊(duì)的著名主題和最成功的"TaketheTrain"。由此推斷，hit應(yīng)該指他們的作品，而且是著名和成功的作品，肯定受到了大眾的喜愛(ài)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Diet-relateddiseasesalsocostsocietyintermsofdecreasedworkproductivity,increasedabsenteeism,poorerschoolperformance,andreducedfitnessonthepartofmilitary______,amongothernegativeeffects.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recruits

B.reengineering

C.weapon

D.scene

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)recruits“新兵；新成員”；B選項(xiàng)reengineering“企業(yè)再造；再造工程；重建”；C選項(xiàng)weapon“武器，兵器”；D選項(xiàng)scene“場(chǎng)面；情景；景象；事件”。句意：與飲食有關(guān)的疾病也對(duì)社會(huì)造成負(fù)面影響，如工作效率下降、曠工增多、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)差、……身體素質(zhì)下降等。根據(jù)military（軍隊(duì)）以及fitness（身體素質(zhì)）可推測(cè)空白處應(yīng)該填“人”的單詞，因此B、C、D選項(xiàng)都可排除。A選項(xiàng)recruits（新兵）符合，結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

16.單選題

Inhis1976studyofslaveryintheUnitedStates,HerbertGutman,likeFogel，Engerman,andGenovese,hasrightlystressedtheslaves，achievements.Butunlikethesehistorians,Gutmangivesplantationownerslittlecreditfortheseachievements.Rather,GutmanarguesthatonemustlooktotheBlackfamilyandtheslaves’extendedkinshipsystemtounderstandhowcrucialachievements,suchasthemaintenanceofaculturalheritageandthedevelopmentofacommunalconsciousness,werepossible.Hisfindingscompelattention.

Gutmanrecreatesthefamilyandextendedkinshipstructuremainlythroughaningenioususeofwhatanyhistorianshoulddrawupon,quantifiabledata,derivedinthiscasemostlyfromplantationbirthregisters.Healsousesaccountsofex-slavestoprobethehumanrealitybehindhisstatistics.Thesesourcesindicatethatthetwo-parenthouseholdpredominatedinslavequartersjustasitdidamongfreedslavesafteremancipation.AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthattheslaves’preference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.InlessconclusivefashionFogel,Engerman,andGenovesehadalreadyindicatedthepredominanceoftwo-parenthouseholds;however,onlyGutmanemphasizesthepreferenceforstablemonogamyandpointsoutwhatstablemonogamymeantfortheslaves’culturalheritage.GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof—andsowascrucialinsustaining—theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.

Gutman’sexaminationofotherfacetsofkinshipalsoproducesimportantfindings.Gutmandiscoversthatcousinsrarelymarried,anexogamoustendencythatcontrastedsharplywiththeendogamypracticedbytheplantationowners.Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests,mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanrulesgoverningmarriage,which，thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.Thistabooagainstcousins’marryingisimportant,arguesGutman,becauseitisoneofmanyindicationsofastrongawarenessamongslavesofanextendedkinshipnetwork.Thefactthatdistantlyrelatedkinwouldcareforchildrenseparatedfromtheirfamiliesalsosuggeststhisawareness.Whenbloodrelationshipswerefew,asinnewlycreatedplantationsintheSouthwest,“fictive”kinshiparrangementstooktheirplaceuntilanewpatternofconsanguinitydeveloped.Gutmanpresentsconvincingevidencethatthisextendedkinshipstructure—whichhebelievesdevelopedbythemid-to-lateeighteenthcentury—providedthefoundationsforthestrongcommunalconsciousnessthatexistedamongslaves.

Insum,Gutman’sstudyissignificantbecauseitoffersacloselyreasonedandoriginalexplanationofsomeoftheslaves’achievements，onethatcorrectlyemphasizestheresourcesthatslavesthemselvespossessed.

1.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingtheresourcesthathistoriansoughttousewouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheformationoftheBlackheritageoffolklore,music，andreligiousexpressionisbestsupportedbytheinformationpresentedinthepassage?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthemarriagepracticesofplantationownersduringtheperiodofBlackslaveintheUnitedStatescanmostlogicallybeinferredfromtheinformationinthepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassagebasedonitscontent?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Historiansoughttomakeuseofwrittenratherthanoralaccounts.

B.Historiansshouldrelyprimarilyonbirthregisters.

C.Historiansshouldrelyexclusivelyondatathatcanbequantified.

D.Historiansoughttomakeuseofdatathatcanbequantified.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theheritagewasformedprimarilyoutoftheexperiencesofthoseslaveswhoattemptedtopreservethestabilityoftheirfamilies.

B.Theheritagewasnotformedoutoftheexperienceofthoseslaveswhomarriedtheircousins.

C.TheheritagewasformedmoreoutoftheAfricanthanoutoftheAmericanexperiencesofslaves.

D.Theheritagewasnotformedoutoftheexperiencesofonlyasinglegenerationofslaves.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thesepracticesbegantoaltersometimearoundthemid-eighteenthcentury.

B.Thesepracticesvariedmarkedlyfromoneregionofthecountrytoanother.

C.Plantationownersusuallybasedtheirchoiceofmarriagepartnersoneconomicconsiderations.

D.Plantationownersoftenmarriedtheircousins.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthorcomparesandcontraststheworkofseveralhistoriansandthendiscussedareasforpossiblenewresearch.

B.Theauthorpresentshisthesis，drawsonworkofseveralhistoriansforevidencetosupporthisthesis,andconcludesbyreiteratinghisthesis.

C.Theauthordescribessomefeaturesofahistoricalstudyandthenusesthosefeaturestoputforthhisownargument.

D.Theauthorpresentsthegeneralargumentofahistoricalstudy，describesthestudyinmoredetail,andconcludeswithabriefjudgmentofthestudy’svalue.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheinfluenceofHerbertGutmanonHistoriansofSlaveryintheUnitedStates.

B.Gutman’sExplanationofHowSlavesCouldMaintainaCulturalHeritageandDevelopaCommunalConsciousness.

C.SlaveryintheUnitedStates:NewControversyAboutanOldSubject.

D.TheBlackHeritageofFolklore,Music,andReligiousExpression:ItsGrowingInfluence.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句,“…throughaningenioususeofwhatanyhistorianshoulddrawupon,quantifiabledata…”，可知Gutman主要通過(guò)靈活使用任何歷史學(xué)家都應(yīng)該利用的可量化數(shù)據(jù)重現(xiàn)黑人家庭和擴(kuò)展的親屬結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，“…theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother…”，可知黑人遺產(chǎn)代代相傳，如民俗、音樂(lè)和宗教，所以這些遺產(chǎn)不是由一代奴隸的經(jīng)歷形成的，是代代相傳的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句，“Gutmandiscoversthatcousinsrarelymarried,anexogamoustendencythatcontrastedsharplywiththeendogamypracticedbytheplantationowners.”，可知Gutman發(fā)現(xiàn)，表親之間很少通婚，這是一種異族通婚的傾向，與種植園主實(shí)行的同族通婚形成了鮮明的對(duì)比?？赏茢喑鲛r(nóng)場(chǎng)主是主張同族通婚的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.主旨題?？v觀全文，第一段主要介紹了Gutman的主要觀點(diǎn)和發(fā)現(xiàn)，第二段和第三段詳細(xì)介紹了他在黑人家庭和擴(kuò)展以及親屬關(guān)系等各方面的研究方法和過(guò)程，最后一段作了總結(jié)，指出Gutman的研究是意義重大的，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)其中一些奴隸的成就提供了一個(gè)最嚴(yán)格的推理和原始的解釋。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.主旨題?？v觀全文，本文主要提到了Gutman提出黑人家族和奴隸的長(zhǎng)期血統(tǒng)對(duì)維護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)和公共意識(shí)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)了成就和貢獻(xiàn)。所以本文的話題是黑人奴隸，并且總結(jié)表明，他的研究它對(duì)其中一些奴隸的成就提供了一個(gè)最嚴(yán)格的推理和原始的解釋。他的研究解釋了奴隸是如何保持文化遺產(chǎn)和發(fā)展集體意識(shí)的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Atanearlyageshealreadyshowedatalent（）music.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.for

C.in

D.to

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。talentfor“天才；有……的天賦”，其他選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有這種搭配。句意：她在很小的時(shí)候就顯示出音樂(lè)天賦。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages（

）fromthedictionary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:湯姆向書(shū)商抱怨這本字典缺了幾頁(yè)。

語(yǔ)法題。考查后置定語(yǔ)。分析題干跟選項(xiàng)可知空格處為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾severalpages,表示“丟失了的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,losing失敗的,使受損失的;lost失去的,喪失的,迷路的。這兩項(xiàng)一般不放在被修飾詞后作定語(yǔ)。Missing丟失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

19.單選題

Scientists,whoarenowawareofhownautilusesregulatetheirbuoyancy,havebeenabletodispel（

）ideasaboutthesecreatures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.erroneous

B.misdemeanors

C.misgivings

D.misdirection

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞、名詞詞義辨析。erroneous“錯(cuò)誤的”；misdemeanors“不法行為”；misgivings“擔(dān)憂，疑慮”；misdirection“引錯(cuò)方向”。句意：意識(shí)到了鸚鵡螺是如何控制自身在水中浮力的科學(xué)家們，已經(jīng)消除了對(duì)這些生物的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote“cleandesk”politiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks，______boostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forthepurposeof

B.forgoodof

C.forpurposeof

D.forthefunof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。forthepurposeof“為了……目的”；B和C選項(xiàng)形式不正確；forthefunof“為了享受”。句意：企業(yè)和政府管理者經(jīng)常推行“整潔的辦公室”政策，以避免混亂的辦公室和凌亂的桌子，……提高工作效率和生產(chǎn)力。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

21.單選題

I（

）withtheBrownsduringmystayinNewYorkCity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putin

B.putdown

C.puton

D.putup

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我在紐約市逗留期間和布朗一家人過(guò)了一夜。

短語(yǔ)辨析。Putin度過(guò)，消磨（時(shí)間等）;putdown寫下，記錄;puton上演，演出;putup供給……住宿。因此D符合句意。

22.單選題

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）todirectorofthepresident’soffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pushed

B.purchased

C.promoted

D.promised

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。push“推”；purchase“購(gòu)買”；promote“提升”；promise“承諾”。句意：格林先生最近升任為董事長(zhǎng)辦公室主任了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

Thatmythicalbeast,homoeconomicus,isutterlyclearaboutthepurposeofwork:togetpaid.Heiskeeneronleisurethanwork,andifmoneycanbegotwithouteffort,hedownstools.Ifrealpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplacesaswork-shycitizens.

Yetacross-countrycomparisonofbenefitsandattitudestoworkpublishedonJanuary28thfindspreciselytheoppositepattern.Researchersranked13countriesaccordingtotheirgenerosity(measuredbycomparingtypicalbenefitstothoseoutofworkwiththeaveragewageofaproductionworker)andtheircitizens’commitmenttowork(gaugedbyaskingwhethertheywouldworkiftheydidnotneedthecash,andwhethertheyregardedajobasmerelyawaytoearnaliving).Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.

Onereasonmaybetheskillsmake-upoftheBritishworkforce.Theresearchersfound,logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthantheunskilledandnon-graduates.FewerBritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponworkcommitment)haveprofessionaljobsordegrees.Butthisdoesnotentirelyexplaintheircomparativeimmunitytotheattractionsofhardwork:Britonsofeverysocialclassandlevelofeducationwerelesskeenonworkthantheircounterpartselsewhere.

Couldthe“dependencyculture”currentlyexcercisingBritishpoliticiansbesolvedbyraisingbenefits?Unlikely,saysAlisonPark,editoroftheannualBritishSocialAttitudesReport,inwhichthestudyappeared:attitudestoworkvaryfromcountrytocountryformanyreasons.Thegenerosityofwhatthereportterms“encomp