(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習必修第三冊 Unit 5　高考題型組合練 (含詳解)

高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIcelandhaslongbeenidentifiedashavinguniqueenvironments.Hereyoucanwalkandswimbetweentectonic(地殼構(gòu)造的)plates，bathingeothermalwaters，andexperiencethewildlandscapes.Furthermore，theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars.DAY1ArriveinReykjavik.Aftercheck-in，youwillvisitthegeothermalpoolsoftheBlueLagoontorelaxafteryourflight，beforereturningtoyourhoteltofreshenup.YouwillthenheadtotheAuroraBasecampObservatory，whereyouwillbeabletoseethenorthernlightsrecreatedindoors.Intheevening，spaceexpertNiamhShawwillgivethefirstoftwotalksonourattempttoestablishbasesonotherplanets.DAY2Afterbreakfast，youwillsetoutonspecialvehiclestowardsPingvellirNationalPark，aregisteredUNESCOworldheritagesiteaccompaniedbyNiamh.Here，youwillhavetheopportunitytodosomethingthatyoucan’tdoanywhereelse，theopportunitytoswimbetweenthetectonicplates.Intheevening，youwillenjoyasecondtalkfromNiamh.DAY3Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsthe2020NASAtestsite，wheretheNASASANDEMarsRoverisbeingtested.NASAscientistswillbeonhandtoexplaintheproject，alongwithupdatesofthecurrentMarsmissionsandthemostrecentfindings.DAY4In2019，IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsv?tnVolcanoontopoftheVatnaj?kullGlaciertofield-testtheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.Wewillbeworkingtogetherwiththeagencytocreateauniqueexperienceforyoutodayontheglacier.DAY5Intheafternoon，youwillreachthebridgebetweenthecontinents，spanningagapinbetweenthetwotectonicplates，onyourwaytoKeflavikAirportandyoureveningflighthome.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了五天冰島之旅的具體行程。)1．WhowouldbemostinterestedinthistravelarrangementtoIceland?A．Fictionwriters.B．Spaceenthusiasts.C．Wildlifeprotectors.D．Professionalswimmers.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Furthermore，theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars.”可推知，太空愛好者對這次冰島之旅最感興趣。故選B項。2．WhichdaysincludechancestoexperiencesomethingaboutMars?A．Day1andDay2.B．Day2andDay3.C．Day3andDay4.D．Day4andDay5.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DAY3部分中的“Todayyoubeginyourjourney...wheretheNASASANDEMarsRoverisbeingtested.”及DAY4部分中的“In2019，IcelandSpaceAgency...tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuit”可知，第3天和第4天的行程包含與火星有關(guān)的事情。故選C項。3．Whichofthefollowingcanbestpromotethistour?A．“Wehopetoofferyouagreatopportunitytoenjoyhiking.”B．“WewillletyouexplorehowNASAisapartofeverydaylife.”C．“Wewanttohelpyoudiscoverspacesciencethroughthejoyoftravel.”D．“WewillprovideyouwithachancetoexperiencethecultureneartheArcticCircle.”答案C解析推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中的“Furthermore，theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars.”可知，文章主要講述的是能體驗航天科學的冰島之旅，所以C項能最好地宣傳這次旅行。故選C項。B(2022·山東滕州階段性檢測)ResearchersatOregonStateUniversityhavemadeakeyadvanceinseekingforthegreenchemistryofchangingthegreenhousegascarbondioxideintoreusableformsofcarbonbyelectrochemicalreduction.PublishedinNatureEnergy，thestudyledbyZhenxingFengoftheOSUCollegeofEngineeringandcolleaguesatSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChinaandStanfordUniversitydescribesanewtypeofelectrocatalyst(電催化劑)．“Thereductionofcarbondioxideisbeneficialforacleanenvironmentandsustainabledevelopment，”saidFeng，assistantprofessorofchemicalengineering.“IncontrasttotraditionalCO2reductionthatuseschemicalmethodsathightemperatureswithahighdemandofextraenergy，electrochemicalCO2reductionreactionscanbeperformedatroomtemperatureusingliquidsolution.AndtheelectricityrequiredforelectrochemicalCO2reductioncanbeobtainedfromrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower，thusenablingcompletelygreenprocesses.”“Tounderstandthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst，mygroupatOSUusedX-rayabsorptionspectroscopy(光譜學)tomonitorthecatalyst’schangeduringthereactionprocesses，confirmingtheroleofthecatalystinthereaction，”Fengsaid.“Thiscollaborativeworkdemonstratesahigh-performancecatalystforgreenprocessesofelectrochemicalCO2reductionreactions.Italsoshowsthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst，whichcanguidethefuturedevelopmentofenergychangedevicesasweworktowardanegative-carboneconomy.”TheNationalScienceFoundation，theDepartmentofEnergy，theGuangdongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofCatalysis，OregonStateUniversity，theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaandtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoJointLaboratoryforPhotonic-Thermal-ElectricalEnergyMaterialsandDevicessupportedthisresearch.MaoyuWangandMarcosLuceroofOSUwereamongthecollaborators，whoalsoincludedscientistsfromYaleUniversity，NorthwesternUniversityandtheArgonneNationalLaboratory.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了俄勒岡州立大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)通過電化學還原法能夠?qū)⒍趸嫁D(zhuǎn)化為可重復(fù)使用的碳。4．Whatachievementhavetheresearchersmade?A．TheyhavefoundawaytoretainCO2.B．TheyhavelearnedthebenefitsofCO2.C．TheyhavediscoveredhowtoreuseCO2.D．TheyhaveinventedanewformofCO2.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，研究人員在尋找通過電化學還原法將溫室氣體二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為可重復(fù)利用的碳的綠色化學方面取得了關(guān)鍵性的進展。由此可知，研究人員取得的成就是發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何重復(fù)利用二氧化碳。故選C。5．WhatdoesZhenxingFengexpressaboutthereductionofCO2inParagraph3?A．Theirmethodhasmanyadvantages.B．Theirmethodonlyneedssolarenergy.C．Theirmethodisbadfortheenvironment.D．Thetraditionalmethodisoutofdate.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句可知，和傳統(tǒng)的二氧化碳減排相比，電化學二氧化碳減排可以在室溫下使用液體溶液進行，并且所需要的電力可以從太陽能等可再生能源中獲取，因此可以使該過程完全環(huán)保。由此可推知，ZhenxingFeng認為他們的方法有更多的優(yōu)勢。故選A。6．Whymanyresearchcentersareintroduced?A．Toshowtheirpopularity.B．Totellustheirlocations.C．Toinvitemorepeopletojoinintheresearch.D．Toprovethecorrectnessofthefinding.答案D解析推理判斷題。第五段提及的這些研究中心都支持這項研究。由此可推知，介紹這些研究中心是為了證明他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是正確的。故選D。7．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Education. B．Science.C．Life. D．Health.答案B解析文章出處題。本文介紹了俄勒岡州立大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)通過電化學還原法能夠?qū)厥覛怏w二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為可重復(fù)使用的碳，所以該文章應(yīng)屬于科學范疇。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空Tenyearsago，LizPlachtagavebirthtoalittlegirlwithDownsyndrome(唐氏綜合征)namedRuby.ThelovePlachtafeltforherdaughter1hertocreateascholarshipof$2,000tohelpanotherchildwithDownsyndromebutwantingtogotocollege.“Ireallyjustwantedtheworldto2whatIsawinher，whichwasthatshewasextraordinary，”PlachtasharedwithCBSNews.Theinitial3ofsendingonechildtocollegedidn’tquitegoasplanned.Thefamilyactually4toraisefundsfor11kidswithDownsyndromeinthatyear.Fromthere，Ruby’sRainbowwas5.Itisanon-profitaimedat6highereducationforthosewithDownsyndromeandgivingthemthe7notonlytolearn，butalsotobecomemoreindependentandabletocontributetosociety.Tenyearslaterandthisscholarshipprogramhassnowballedintosomethingmuch8.Throughthecharity，$1.2millionhasbeenraised，allowingmanypeoplewithDownsyndrometo9theirdreamsofahighereducationandshowtheworldjusthowamazingtheyare.However，althoughthescholarshipprogramisawonderfuleducationalopportunity，whatmattersmostisthe10messagethissendstoparentsofchildrenwithDownsyndrome，orparentsexpectingachildwiththatextrachromosome.Plachtawantsparentstofeel11.Shewantsparentsnottobe12ofaDownsyndromediagnosis.Assheshares，“Whentheparentsfindourwebsite，theywillseealloftheseamazing，beautiful，capable13，andpeoplewhoareouttherewithDownsyndrome14theirlives.And15，they’recryingtearsofjoyforthefuture.”語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。LizPlachta的女兒患有唐氏綜合征，出于對女兒的愛，她發(fā)起了愛心助學項目，幫助了很多唐氏綜合征患者實現(xiàn)自己的求學夢。她的善舉不僅幫助了那些病痛中的孩子，也鼓舞了他們的父母。1．A.forced B．forbadeC．refused D．inspired答案D解析根據(jù)“tohelpanotherchildwithDownsyndromebutwantingtogotocollege”可知，Plachta對女兒的愛鼓舞了她創(chuàng)立助學金去幫助另外一位患有唐氏綜合征但是卻想上大學的人。故選D。2．A.see B．recordC．compare D．hide答案A解析根據(jù)“whatIsawinher，whichwasthatshewasextraordinary”可知，Plachta想讓世界看到她所看到的真實的女兒。故選A。3．A.requirement B．explanationC．project D．concept答案C解析根據(jù)“Thefamilyactuallytoraisefundsfor11kidswithDownsyndromeinthatyear.”可知，資助一個孩子上大學的最初的項目進行得與計劃的不一樣。故選C。4．A.pretended B．failedC．promised D．managed答案D解析根據(jù)“raisefundsfor11kidswithDownsyndromeinthatyear”可知，實際上那個家庭在那一年設(shè)法籌集了可以資助11位患有唐氏綜合征的孩子上大學的資金。故選D。5．A.donated B．bornC．ruined D．bought答案B解析這里指Ruby’sRainbow項目誕生了。故選B。6．A.securing B．presentingC．borrowing D．promoting答案A解析根據(jù)“highereducationforthosewithDownsyndrome”可知，這是一個旨在確?；加刑剖暇C合征的孩子有機會上大學的非營利組織。故選A。7．A.permission B．chanceC．plan D．desire答案B解析根據(jù)“notonlytolearn，butalsotobecome...tosociety”可知，該項目不僅為孩子們提供學習機會，而且使孩子們有機會更加獨立并且能夠回報社會。故選B。8．A.bigger B．fasterC．easier D．greener答案A解析根據(jù)“hassnowballedintosomethingmuch”可知，十年后，這個助學項目變成了更大的項目。故選A。9．A.change B．makeC．a(chǎn)chieve D．set答案C解析根據(jù)“theirdreamsofahighereducation”可知，這些資金可以讓很多唐氏綜合征患者得以實現(xiàn)接受高等教育的夢想。故選C。10．A.challenging B．positiveC．contradictory D．controversial答案B解析這個項目向患者的父母傳遞了積極的訊息。故選B。11．A.graceful B．generalC．hopeful D．embarrassed答案C解析根據(jù)下文“Assheshares，‘...theywillseealloftheseamazing，beautiful，capable...’”可知，Plachta希望患者的父母能夠感受到希望。故選C。12．A.afraid B．freeC．a(chǎn)ware D．careful答案A解析Plachta希望父母不要害怕面對唐氏綜合征的診斷結(jié)果。故選A。13．A.fingers B．feetC．faces D．hands答案C解析根據(jù)“Whentheparentsfindourwebsite”可知，當患者的父母瀏覽網(wǎng)站的時候，他們會看到一張張了不起的、美麗的并且有能力的臉龐。故選C。14．A.exchanging B．pausingC．cancelling D．living答案D解析他們也會看到那些患有唐氏綜合征的人依然在過他們的生活。故選D。15．A.unfortunately B．suddenlyC．rarely D．randomly答案B解析他們會在瀏覽的某個瞬間突然淚流滿面，那是因為他們看到了未來和希望而喜極而泣。故選B。Ⅲ.語法填空ShakespeareandCompanyisanEnglish-languagebookshopintheheartofParis.It1.(be)ameetingplaceforwritersandreadersforalmostseventyyears.In1951，abookshop2.(name)LeMistralwasopenedbyGeorgeWhitman.ItwasrenamedShakespeareandCompanyin19643.honorofabooksellerheadmired，SylviaBeach，whofoundedthe4.(origin)ShakespeareandCompanyin1919.Beach’sbookstorehadbeenagatheringplaceforgreatwritersofthetime，includingHemingway，F(xiàn)itzgerald，andPound.George’sbookstorequicklybecameacenterforliterarylife.Fromthefirstday，writers，artists，andintellectualswereinvited5.(sleep)forfreeamongtheshelves.Sincethen，anestimated30,000peoplehavestayedinthebookshop.Overtheyears，theshop6.(gradual)grew.Georgesaid，“I7.(create)thisbookstorelikeamanw