(新高考)高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義第1部分 教材知識(shí)解讀 必修第二冊(cè) Unit 1 Cultural Heritage (含答案)

Ⅰ.認(rèn)閱讀單詞1．heritagen．遺產(chǎn)(指國(guó)家或社會(huì)長(zhǎng)期形成的歷史、傳統(tǒng)和特色)2．templen．廟；寺3．relicn．遺物；遺跡4．cluen．線(xiàn)索；提示5．cypressn．柏樹(shù)6．damn．水壩；攔河壩7．protestn．抗議vi.&vt.(公開(kāi))反對(duì)；抗議8．committeen．委員會(huì)9．fundn．基金；專(zhuān)款10．documentn．文件；公文；(計(jì)算機(jī))文檔vt.記錄；記載(詳情)11．republicn．共和國(guó)12．a(chǎn)rchaeologistn．考古學(xué)家13．pyramidn．(古埃及的)金字塔；棱錐體14．sheetn．一張(紙)；床單；被單15．paraden．游行；檢閱vi.游行慶祝；游行示威16．chiwenn．鴟吻17．digitaladj.數(shù)碼的；數(shù)字顯示的18．caven．山洞；洞穴19．quotevt.引用20．paraphrasen．，vi.&vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解釋21．theNile尼羅河22．Egypt埃及(國(guó)家名)23．Egyptianadj.埃及的24．UNESCOabbr.聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織25．Moscow莫斯科(俄羅斯首都)26．theForbiddenCity紫禁城Ⅱ.記重點(diǎn)單詞1．mountn．山峰vt.爬上；騎上vi.爬；登上2．formeradj.以前的；(兩者中)前者的3．preservevt.保存；保護(hù)；維持n．保護(hù)區(qū)4．likelyadj.可能的adv.可能地5．departmentn．部；司；科6．withinprep.&adv.在(某段時(shí)間、距離或范圍)之內(nèi)7．issuen．重要議題；爭(zhēng)論的問(wèn)題vt.宣布；公布8．conductn．行為；舉止；管理方法vt.組織；安排；帶領(lǐng)9．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試10．worthwhileadj.值得做的；值得花時(shí)間的11．downloadvt.下載n．下載；已下載的數(shù)據(jù)資料12．entrancen．入口；進(jìn)入13．processn．過(guò)程；進(jìn)程；步驟vt.處理；加工14．overseasadj.海外的adv.在海外15．exitn．出口；通道vi.&vt.出去；離去16．mirrorn．鏡子17．roofn．頂部；屋頂18．dragonn．龍19．imagen．形象；印象20．throughoutprep.各處；遍及；自始至終21．qualityn．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；素質(zhì)；特征adj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的；高質(zhì)量的22．furtheradv.(far的比較級(jí))更遠(yuǎn)；進(jìn)一步23．opinionn．意見(jiàn)；想法；看法24．contrastn．對(duì)比；對(duì)照vt.對(duì)比；對(duì)照25．foreveradv.永遠(yuǎn)；長(zhǎng)久地Ⅲ.知拓展單詞1．creativelyadv.創(chuàng)造性地；有創(chuàng)造力地→creativeadj.創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)造力的；有創(chuàng)意的→createvt.創(chuàng)造→creativityn．創(chuàng)造性；創(chuàng)造力→creationn．作品；創(chuàng)造2．promotevt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷(xiāo)；晉級(jí)→promotionn．提升；推銷(xiāo)；晉級(jí)3．a(chǎn)pplicationn．申請(qǐng)(表)；用途；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用(程序)→applyvt.&vi.申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用→applicantn．申請(qǐng)人→appn．應(yīng)用程序；應(yīng)用軟件(application的縮略形式)4．balancen．平衡；均勻vt.使平衡→balancedadj.平衡的；均衡的5．proposaln．提議；建議→proposevt.提議；建議6．establishvt.建立；創(chuàng)立→establishmentn．建立；創(chuàng)立7．limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的；受限制的→limitlessadj.無(wú)限的；無(wú)盡的8．preventvt.阻止；阻礙；阻撓→preventionn．防止；預(yù)防→preventiveadj.預(yù)防性的；防備的9．lossn．喪失；損失→losevt.丟失→lostadj.迷路的；失去的10．contributionn．捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)→contributevi.&vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助11．investigatevi.&vt.調(diào)查；研究→investigationn．調(diào)查；研究12．donatevt.(尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu))捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；獻(xiàn)(血)→donationn．捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送→donorn．捐贈(zèng)者；捐贈(zèng)人13．disappearvi.消失；滅絕；消亡→disappearancen．消失；滅絕→(反義詞)appearvi.出現(xiàn)→appearancen．出現(xiàn)；外表14．professionaladj.專(zhuān)業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n．專(zhuān)業(yè)人員；職業(yè)選手→professionn．專(zhuān)業(yè)；職業(yè)→professorn．教授15．forgivevt.&vi.(forgave，forgiven)原諒；寬恕vt.對(duì)不起；請(qǐng)?jiān)彙鷉orgivenessn．原諒；寬恕16．traditionn．傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風(fēng)俗→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的17．historicadj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時(shí)期的→historyn．歷史→historiann．歷史學(xué)家→historicaladj.(有關(guān))歷史的；歷史上的18．comparisonn．比較；相比→comparevt.&vi.與……相比較19．identifyvt.確認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；找到→identityn．身份→identificationn．識(shí)別；身份證明(文件)Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)1．takepartin參與(某事)；參加(某活動(dòng))2．givewayto讓步；屈服3．keepbalance保持平衡4．leadto導(dǎo)致5．makeaproposal提出建議6．turnto向……求助7．prevent...from...阻止；不準(zhǔn)8．donate...to...向……捐贈(zèng)……9．makesure確保；設(shè)法保證10．a(chǎn)llovertheworld在世界各地1．a(chǎn)verageadj.平均的；普通的n．平均數(shù)2．a(chǎn)wfuladj.可怕的3．a(chǎn)wkwardadj.尷尬的；笨拙的4．bacterium(復(fù)bacteria)n．細(xì)菌5．baggagen．行李6．bareadj.空的；赤裸的7．bargainn．(經(jīng)討價(jià)還價(jià)之后)成交的商品；廉價(jià)貨vi.討價(jià)還價(jià)8．barriern．障礙；隔閡1．Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.(Therecomesatimewhen...)新舊更替的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來(lái)，在走向未來(lái)的過(guò)程中，我們不可能將過(guò)去的一切都保存下來(lái)。2．Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.(notonly位于句首，引起部分倒裝)這些國(guó)家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價(jià)的未來(lái)發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個(gè)國(guó)家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來(lái)的可能性。3．Itissaidthatit’samirrorthatcantellrightfromwrong！(Itis＋v.-ed＋that...)據(jù)說(shuō)這是一面可以分辨是非的鏡子！4．Asoneresearcherwhoisworkingontheprojectexplains，“Appreciatingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself...”(as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)正如一位從事該項(xiàng)目的研究人員所解釋的：“欣賞本國(guó)文化遺產(chǎn)，有助于了解我們自己……”5．Astheylearnmoreaboutwheretheycomefrom，theywillhopefullybeproudtotellothersabouttheircountryandculture.(where引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)當(dāng)他們更多地了解他們從哪里來(lái)，他們將有希望自豪地向別人介紹他們的國(guó)家和文化。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。eq\x(prevent，attempt，promote，preserve，balance，disappear，contribution)Anewhigh-speedrailwaywastobebuiltthroughthesmalltown.However，anarchaeologistprotestedagainstitsconstruction，becauseitmeantanoldtemplewhichwasregardedastheonlyhistoricheritagewouldlikely1.disappear.Iftherelevantdepartmentsgavewaytohim，itwouldleadtoagreatlossofmoney.Howtocreativelykeepa2.balancebetweenconstructionandprotectionwasachallengingissue.Acommitteewasestablishedto3.preventthetemplefrombeingdamaged.Theymadesurethattheywouldinvestigaterelevantcluesandconductnecessaryresearchinan4.attempttosolvetheproblem.Themembersreferredtoformerdocuments，andturnedtoprofessionalsfromallovertheworldforadvice.Theymademanyproposals.Atlast，bycomparison，theyfoundthattheapplicationofthedigitalimagetechnologycouldbeasolution.Throughouttheprocess，manyoverseasexpertstookpartintheproject.Manylocalsdonatedmoneyandmadegreat5.contributionstoit.Atlast，thetemplewas6.preservedwell.Thelocalsheldaparadeforit.Intheiropinion，motingfurtherappreciationofheritage.Theywouldnotforgivethosewhodamagedrelicsforever.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯preservevt.保存；保護(hù)；維持n．保護(hù)區(qū)?preserve...from/against...保護(hù)……免受……?well-preserved保存良好的?naturepreserve自然保護(hù)區(qū)(1)SomestudentsaresearchingforcluestocreativelypreservetheoldtempleonMountTaifrom/againstbeingdamaged.(2)我們呼吁政府建立更多的自然保護(hù)區(qū)以保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物免于滅絕。(話(huà)題寫(xiě)作之野生動(dòng)物保護(hù))Weappealtothegovernmenttobuildmorenaturepreservestopreservewildanimalsfrom/againstdyingout.balancen．平衡；均勻vt.使平衡(balancedadj.平衡的；均衡的)?keep/lose(one’s)balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡keepabalancebetweenAandB在A和B之間保持平衡?balance...against權(quán)衡，比較(1)如果你能夠保持均衡飲食來(lái)保持身體健康，這會(huì)是一個(gè)好主意。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信)Itwouldbeagoodideaifyoucouldkeepabalanceddiettokeepphysicallyhealthy.(2)為了更有效地學(xué)習(xí)，你最好在線(xiàn)上學(xué)習(xí)和線(xiàn)下學(xué)習(xí)之間保持平衡。(2021·全國(guó)乙，書(shū)面表達(dá))Tostudymoreefficiently，you’dbetterkeepabalancebetweenonlinelearningandofflinelearning.(3)我踩到香蕉皮，失去平衡，趴在地上，路人放聲大笑。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作鏈描寫(xiě))Isteppedonabananaskin，lostmybalanceandfellflatontheground，passers-byscreamingwithlaughter.(4)在做出最終決定前，你最好權(quán)衡利弊。Beforemakingthefinaldecision，you’dbetterbalancetheadvantagesagainstthedisadvantages.likelyadj.可能的adv.可能地?sb./sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物有可能做某事Itislikelythat...可能……?Itisprobablethat...很可能……?Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.(某人)可能做某事Itispossiblethat...可能……兇猛的野獸很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木叢中，簡(jiǎn)頓時(shí)感到脊背發(fā)涼。(1)ItwaslikelythatfiercewildbeastswerehidinginthedarkbushesandashiverrandownJane’sspine.(it作形式主語(yǔ)；likely)(2)FiercewildbeastswerelikelytobehidinginthedarkbushesandashiverrandownJane’sspine.(belikelytodo)(3)ItwasprobablethatfiercewildbeastswerehidinginthedarkbushesandashiverrandownJane’sspine.(it作形式主語(yǔ)；probable)limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定(limitedadj.有限的，受限制的limitlessadj.無(wú)限的；無(wú)盡的)?setalimitto/on限制……beyondthelimit超過(guò)限度Thereisa/nolimitto(to為介詞)...……是有限的/無(wú)限的。?limit...to...把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)(1)Lifeislimited(limit)，butthereisnolimittoserving(serve)thepeople.(2)Wemustsetalimiton/tothenumberoftouriststoprotecttheoldtemplefrombeingfurtherdamaged.(3)要求你的文章限制在800詞以?xún)?nèi)。如果你的文章超過(guò)限度，將不被錄用。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之征文通知)Youarerequiredtolimityouressayto800words.Ifyouressayisbeyondthelimit，itwillnotbeaccepted.contributionn．捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)(contributevi.&vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿；導(dǎo)致)?makecontributions/acontributionto對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)；捐款?contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……contributeto(to為介詞)有助于；導(dǎo)致；是……的一個(gè)原因；捐款；投稿(1)Iattempttocontributethreearticlestothenewspaperonamonthlybasis.(2)我建議每個(gè)人都應(yīng)為環(huán)保做出貢獻(xiàn)。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之環(huán)境保護(hù))Imakeaproposalthateveryone(should)makecontributions/acontributiontoenvironmentalprotection.(3)在我看來(lái)，經(jīng)常讀英文報(bào)紙的確有助于提高我的英語(yǔ)水平。(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作)Inmyopinion，readingtheEnglishnewspaperregularlydoescontributetoimprovingmyEnglishlevel.attemptn．&vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試(attemptedadj.未遂的；企圖的)?attempttodo/atdoing...嘗試(試圖)做……?makeanattempttodo/atdoing...嘗試做……atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試(1)Amanwhoisrelatedtolastnight’sattempted(attempt)murderisbeingquestioned.(2)在接下來(lái)的幾天里，我們?cè)噲D到處尋找我們的愛(ài)犬Spotty，但都是徒勞。Inthenextfewdays，weattempted/madeanattempttosearchfor/atsearchingforourbeloveddogSpottyineachandeverycorner，butinvain.(3)我們第一次嘗試沒(méi)能把爆米花賣(mài)出去，這使我們既沮喪又悲傷。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Wefailedtosellpopcornatthefirstattempt，whichmadeusdepressedandsad.leadto導(dǎo)致(to為介詞)leadsb.todo...使某人做……leadsb.to...引導(dǎo)某人到……leadtheway帶路leadsb.bythenose牽著某人的鼻子走leada...life過(guò)……的生活(1)Inmyopinion，curiosityisveryimportantbecauseitleadstodiscoveryorinvention.(2)Nowourformerteachertravelsallovertheworldandleadsacontentlife.(3)Tom’sstudyinghardledhimtoobtain(obtain)highscoresintheCollegeEntranceExamination.(4)有了那位老人帶路，我們終于走出了樹(shù)林。(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Withtheoldmanleadingtheway，wefinallywalkedoutofthewoods.(5)俗話(huà)說(shuō)，“條條大路通羅馬”。Astheoldsayinggoes，“AllroadsleadtoRome.”turnto向……求助；轉(zhuǎn)向；致力于；翻到；查閱turndown調(diào)小(音量等)；拒絕turnin上交turnup調(diào)大(音量等)；出現(xiàn)turnoff關(guān)上turnout結(jié)果是；證明是turnon打開(kāi)(1)Wheneveryougetintotrouble，don’thesitatetoturntomeforhelp.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信)(2)Myproposalgotturneddown，whichbathedmeinextremesadness.(3)Wewereanxioustowaitforhiminthesun，butheneverturnedupyet.(4)Anyonewhoistotakepartintheactivitymustturnintherelevantapplicationwithinfivedays.(5)Theactivitywhosethemewas“LaborIstheMostGlorious”turnedouttobeverysuccessful.(2019·北京，書(shū)面表達(dá))Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.這些國(guó)家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價(jià)的未來(lái)發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個(gè)國(guó)家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來(lái)的可能性。notonly...butalso...不僅……而且……，連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)butalso后的名詞決定單復(fù)數(shù)(就近原則)；而且notonly位于句首時(shí)，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒裝，butalso后面的句子不倒裝。(1)為了提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)，他們不僅在課堂上說(shuō)英語(yǔ)而且在宿舍里也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。到目前為止，不僅Tom，而且他的其他同學(xué)也都取得了巨大進(jìn)步。(話(huà)題寫(xiě)作之語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí))InordertoimproveoralEnglish，theyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.SofarnotonlyTombutalsohisotherclassmateshavemadegreatprogress.(2)英文報(bào)Youth不僅豐富了枯燥的校園生活而且增強(qiáng)了我的學(xué)習(xí)能力。(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作)①TheEnglishnewspaperYouthnotonlyenrichesmyboringcampuslifebutalsostrengthensmylearningability.②NotonlydoestheEnglishnewspaperYouthenrichmyboringcampuslifebutitalsostrengthensmylearningability.(倒裝句)Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新舊更替的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來(lái)，在走向未來(lái)的過(guò)程中，我們不可能將過(guò)去的一切都保存下來(lái)。Therecomesatimewhen...可看成是一種語(yǔ)序倒裝形式，即here，there等副詞置于句首且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，要把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前邊；也可看成是therebe句型的變體，即用其他動(dòng)詞如：come，stand，lie，live，appear等詞代替be動(dòng)詞。(1)到了我們必須采取有效措施阻止許多瀕臨滅絕的物種消失的時(shí)候了。Therecomesatimewhenwemusttakeeffectivemeasurestopreventmanyendangeredspeciesfromdisappearing.(2)山腳下有一條小河，我們經(jīng)常在那里欣賞美景。Therelies/isasmallriveratthefootofthehill，whereweoftenappreciatethebeautifulscenery.(3)這座城市里曾住著一對(duì)富有的夫婦，他們經(jīng)常給窮人捐許多錢(qián)。Thereoncelivedarichcoupleinthecitywhooftencontributedmuchmoneytothepoor.(4)似乎沒(méi)有比制作爆米花更好的方式去幫助伯納德了。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))ThereappearedtobenobetterwaytohelpBernardthanmakingpopcorn.(5)這兒有一些如何解決這個(gè)難題的建議。Herearesomesuggestions/proposalsonhowtosolvethedifficultproblem.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．turntoeq\x(A.翻到B.向……求助C.查閱D.轉(zhuǎn)向)(1)Atlast，Iwillbeonmyown，butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverIneedhelp.B(2)Itistimethatheturnedhismindtomoreseriousproblems.D(3)Openyourbooks，turntoPage21，readPartBcarefully，andthenfinishitwiththecorrectwordsfromthebox.A(4)Don’talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoucomeacrossanewword.C2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)Imustchangemybedsheetsnowbecausetheyaresodirty.被單；床單(2)Shecontributedanumberofarticlestothemagazine.投稿(3)Imustcongratulatehimonhisbeingpromotedtogeneralmanager.晉升Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1．Itishighlyimportanttopreservevarietiesofdialectsfromdying(die)out.2．Theapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologieshelpstoprotectclassicmusic.3．Frommypointofview，workandlifeareofequalimportance，soyoushouldkeepabalancebetweenthem.4．Peoplewhoappreciateothers’effortsaremorelikelytoberegarded(regard)asrespectablepeople.5.Nomatterwhentheboymeetswithadifficultproblemrelatedtostudy，hewillturntotheInternet.6.Despitetheupsanddownsinourhistory，nobodycanpreventourculturedeveloping(develop)forward.7．Donationsfrombillionsofpeoplecontributedtotherecoveryoftheearthquake-hitarea.8．Hestruggledwiththevocabularyandattemptedtoremember(remember)asmanywordsaspossible.9．Whenwerefertoprocessed(process)food，whichisamajorproblemglobally，manypeopleholdanegativeattitude.10．NotonlyhebutalsoIam(be)fondofcalligraphy，soweoftendiscusshowtoimproveourhandwritingtogether.Ⅰ.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)——五公里越野賽1．據(jù)說(shuō)500多名學(xué)生參加了上周舉行的5公里越野賽。(Itissaidthat...)Itissaidthatmorethan500studentsparticipatedinthe5-kilometercross-countryrunningraceheldlastweek.2．發(fā)令槍一響，參賽者們都知道必須挑戰(zhàn)自我的時(shí)候到了。(therecomesatimewhen...)Whenthestartinggunrang，alltheparticipantsknewtherecameatimewhentheyhadtochallengeth