狀語從句課件市公開課一等獎省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎?wù)n件

副詞性從句（狀語從句）語法講與練AllRightsReserved.杭州外國語學(xué)校高三英語組.1Leo歡迎來到從句大家庭！從句分三類：名詞性從句，形容詞性從句，副詞性從句。副詞性從句就是狀語從句，家庭組員最多。高考狀語從句考查重點(diǎn)隸屬連詞選擇；同類狀語從句中連詞辨析。

狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中作狀語修飾主句中動詞，形容詞或副詞，按意義可分為

時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目標(biāo)、結(jié)果、條件、行為方式、比較、讓步等九種狀語從句。普通位于句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗號和主句格開。

引導(dǎo)狀語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞是隸屬連詞狀語類別隸屬連詞時間when,whenever,as,while,before,after,till(until),since,eversince,once,assoonas,soonafter,themoment,theminute,immediately等，eachtime,everytime,lasttime,bythetimenosooner…than,hardly…when地點(diǎn)where,wherever原因because,as,since,consideringthat,nowthat目標(biāo)sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase結(jié)果/程度sothat,so…that,such…that,that,withtheresultthat條件if,unless,as(so)longas,as(far)as,incase,supposethat,onconditionthat比較as…as,notas(so)…as,than讓步though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,however,whatever,whenever,wherever,whoever,whether…or,nomatterwho/what/which/where/when/whether/how行為方式as,asif,asthough考點(diǎn)（1）when,as,while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句When既可引導(dǎo)連續(xù)動作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫動作。它表示主句動作和從句動作同時發(fā)生，或從句動作在主句動作之前。WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時）Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動作在前）while指“在某一時間里”，“在…期間”，從句動作必須是連續(xù)性；也強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生，往往側(cè)重主從句動作對比。WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

as常和when,while通用，但側(cè)重主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生，說明兩種正在發(fā)展和改變情況。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Isawyoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.一、時間狀語從句______heleftschoolatfourteen,hebegantotrainasanengineer.A.WhileB.SinceC.WhenC.Then______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As當(dāng)when,as,while表示“在…一段時間里”，主從句動作同時發(fā)生時，能夠換用。如：While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.When和while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，若主句主語和從句主語一致時候，能夠用when/while+現(xiàn)在分詞表示。____ayoungman,hewenttoFranceforFrench.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Since*when可表示“假如”。如：Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_____itisneeded.A.UnlessB.sinceC.althoughD.whenwhen和while還能夠是并列連詞，意思分別是“就在這時”，“然而”。如：Hewasabouttotellmethesecret____someonepattedhimontheshoulder.asB.untilC.whileD.whenIdoeverysinglebitofhousework____myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.sinceB.whileC.whenD.asJasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.before考點(diǎn)2表示時間詞組引導(dǎo)狀從assoonas,nosooner…than…,hardly(barely,scarcely)…when…等使用方法都表示主從動作相繼發(fā)生。hardly和nosooner放在句首，從句要倒裝。例：Hardlyhadshesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.Immediately,instantly，themoment，theinstant,theminute,thesecond，theday(the+瞬時名詞/段時名詞)等表示時間概念詞也可引導(dǎo)時間狀從。例：IwenttoseehimimmediatelyIheardfromhim.bythetime,eachtime,everytime,anytime,lasttime,nexttime,firsttime,soonafter,shortlyafter都能夠作為連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語。如：IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.Bythetimehewasfour,hehadtaughthimselfmath.Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.---DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?---Yes,Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.forthemomentB.themomentC.atthemomentD.while考點(diǎn)3until/till主句謂語動詞是連續(xù)動詞，“直到…為止”。如：

Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.

not…until…:“直到…才”,主句謂語動詞必須是短暫性如：Shewon’tgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.not…until結(jié)構(gòu)若在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中成為被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，須將not和until連在一起并前移，假如notuntil在句首，主句倒裝。ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknowit.=NotuntilhecamebackdidIknowit.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity_____hereachestheendofthestory.whenB.unlessC.afterD.untilWeweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad___wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.whereverNotuntilallthefishdiedintheriver___howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.realizedthevillagersD.didn’tthevillagersrealize*假如before引導(dǎo)從句位于主句之后，詞義非常靈活，注意以下句子中before詞義：1.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(還沒來得及…就)2.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.(還沒…就)3.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(…才…)4.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁還沒…就)考點(diǎn)4beforeScientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whenItwasevening_____wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.beforeSomeonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup____Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.beforeHemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as主要考點(diǎn)幾個極易混同時間狀語從句：Itwas+時間點(diǎn)+when…（當(dāng)時候時間是）Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.Itwas/willbe+時間段+before…(沒過…就／過了…才)Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since…（自從…以來有…）Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.突破點(diǎn)：一看be動詞時態(tài)，二看時間段還是時間點(diǎn)。注意：在“Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since…”句型中，從句動詞必須是短暫性，假如是延續(xù)性動詞，時間要從從句動作結(jié)束時算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒煙有三年了)注意：時間狀語從句中謂語動詞不能用任何一個未來時，只能用現(xiàn)在時和過去時表示未來時。二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句where/wherever引導(dǎo)，要注意wherethere連用一些情況下，使得地點(diǎn)從句更像是一個條件句。比如：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Thefamousscientistgrewup____hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.whereverShefoundhercalculator_____shelostit.A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.that考點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語從句和定語從句區(qū)分：①定語從句前有一個表示地點(diǎn)名詞作先行詞；而地點(diǎn)狀語從句無此特征。②地點(diǎn)狀語從句可位于句首，而定語從句不可。IfoundthepenwhereIhadleftit．IfoundthepeninthedeskwhereIhadleftit．三、原因狀語從句：考點(diǎn)1：because,as,since,for引導(dǎo)原因狀從區(qū)分。because表示原因因果關(guān)系很強(qiáng),as和since表示已知或比較顯著原因，譯為“因?yàn)椤薄凹热弧?，since比as更正式，as從句有時候能夠倒裝。1.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不可用as或since，如：

Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.2.because能夠引導(dǎo)表語從句,而as,since不能夠，這時狀語一般都是it,this,that如：It’sbecauseheistoolazy.3.Tiredashewas,hewenttobedearly.(倒裝表示原因)as也能夠引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，詳細(xì)意義由上下文表明。4.*for也有“因?yàn)椤敝?，是并列連詞，語氣較強(qiáng)。慣用來補(bǔ)充說明原因或用來表示推斷依據(jù)，前面常帶逗號。如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet．Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren’srequestsforsunglasses____eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.A.becauseB.thoughC.unlessD.if

考點(diǎn)2Nowthat(既然),seeingthat,consideringthat等也能夠引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。___________youhavefinishedyourhomework,youmaygohomenow.A.WhenB.InthatC.FromthatD.Nowthat四、條件狀語從句:由if,unless,so/aslongas(只要),so/asfaras,incase(that)(萬一),supposingthat,providing/providedthat等引導(dǎo)：Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theygiveoffpoisonousgases.

Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutthat.注意：條件狀語從句中謂語動詞時態(tài)不可用未來時，只能用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或過去時態(tài)表示未來時。AsfarasIcantell,thewholethingshouldcostabout$500.

Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail,1)Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout____hephones.

A.aslongasB.inorderthatC.incaseD.sothat3)Themenwillhavetowaitallday____thedoctorworksfaster.A.ifB.unlessC.whetherD.that4)____youcallmetosayyou’renotcoming,I’llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.untilD.Unless5)Youwillsucceedintheend______youdon’tgiveuphalfway.A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless6)____Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.While7)---Howfarapartdotheylive?---____Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighborhood.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas8)____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif五讓步狀語從句：由though,although,as(即使盡管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導(dǎo).1)Thoughheisold,yetheisactive.2)Althoughmostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccepted.3)Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldn’tloseheartevenifweshouldfailtentimes.4)Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.5)Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.6)Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.7)NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.8)Whetherhecomesornot,we’lldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.注意：（1）讓步狀語從句在句中位置可放前也可放后，有時還能夠插在主句中間，前置時，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句內(nèi)容，后置時強(qiáng)調(diào)從句內(nèi)容。

（2）though與although同義，使用方法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與but連用，但能夠與yet,still等連用，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。Though(Although)hewastired,yet(still)hewentonworking.考點(diǎn)1as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝,作為從句表語形容詞或者名詞位于從句主語之前。另外還有however也要倒裝。although不能夠倒裝，though可倒可不倒，不倒多________,hedoesn’tstudywell.AsheiscleverB.HeisascleverC.CleverasheisD.AscleverheisYoushouldreportanyincident,_______seriousorminoritis.A.howeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whichever考點(diǎn)2whether引導(dǎo)狀從和or連用Whethersickorwell,she’salwayshappy.1)____,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.

A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledtomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIgavetraveledtomuch2)Mr.Hallunderstandsthat____mathhasalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when3)---Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.---Good,and_____youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.A.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter4)Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant____youlike.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however5)_____,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing6)Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep____muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever

六方式狀語從句：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewasbreathing.Isawthemanlookingabouthimasifhewishedtoimpressuponhismindeverything.asif和asthough意義和使用方法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)從句多用虛擬語氣，但也可用陳說語氣。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.由連詞：as（象…一樣）,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)七目狀語從句

通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,so…that,incase（以防、省得）forfearthat(以防，以免)等引導(dǎo)Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplainedagainincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.注意:目狀語從句中謂語動詞常含有may(might),can(could)should,will等情態(tài)動詞。Ihidtheknifeunderthebed__________hefoundit.A.ifB.sothatC.forfearthatD.inorderthat1)Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_____hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2)Rosesneedspecialcare_____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenfD.as3)Sallyworkedlateintheeveningtofinishherreport___herbosscouldreaditfirstnextmorning.A.sothatB.inordertoC.beforeD.soas八結(jié)果狀語從句：Itwasverycold,______theriverfroze.Thebookis___written______itgivesaquitewrongideaofthefacts.Therewere____manypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroom_____wecouldnotgetin.Hemade______anexcellentspeech____everyoneadmiredhim.由that,sothat,so…that,such…that，withtheresultthat引導(dǎo)：注意so在主句中修飾形容詞或者副詞，such在主句中修飾名詞sothatsososuchthatthatthat考點(diǎn)1so…that和such…that在一定條件下能夠相互換。Such修飾帶有形容詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時，能夠用so…that來代替such…that,這時不定冠詞在形容詞之后；當(dāng)such修飾不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，不能用so…that來代替such…that,但能夠用somany,somuch,sofew,solittle等短語It’ssuchagoodfilmthatI’veseenittwice.=Itis________________thatI’veseenittwice.(so)I’vesofewchancesthatIcanenjoymyself.考點(diǎn)2sothat表示目標(biāo)還是表示結(jié)果？有時看逗號。結(jié)果從句多用逗號隔開。Wearrivedearlysothatwecouldgetgoodseats.Wearrivedearly,sothatwegotgoodseats.sogoodafilm考點(diǎn)3若表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，能夠?qū)o或者such移到句首，主句用部分倒裝。Sobadlywasheillthathewastakentothehospital.九、比較狀語從句：由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導(dǎo)：Ihopeitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.Actuallytheoceanfloorarealmostasirregularastheexposedlandarea.

Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.

Hecan’trunsofastasshe.考點(diǎn)1：“the+比較級(接從句)，the+比較級(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語從句內(nèi)。如：

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.

Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,_____.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife考點(diǎn)2比較狀從慣用as或than引導(dǎo)時，有一些成份被省略,有時候要用that來代替比較對象，不然要產(chǎn)生歧義Johnplaysfootball_______,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellasTheweatherofNanjinginsummerisashotas______Wuhan.A.不填B.thoseofC.thatofD.in考點(diǎn)3as…as,notso(as)…as否定句中能夠用“so”第二個as才是引導(dǎo)狀從隸屬連詞Thehorseisgettingoldandcannotrun____itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.sofasterasD.sofastas考點(diǎn)4有比較級概念不用than從句Elder,former,latter等形容詞，形式是比較級，但不用于than從句。Heistheelderofthetwo.考點(diǎn)5than從句表示最高級than+anyother+單數(shù)，than+alltheother+復(fù)數(shù)，than+any…else等；否定詞＋than引導(dǎo)狀從也可表示最高級，如Ihaveneverseena______interestingmovie.A.mostB.moreC.betterD.nomore考點(diǎn)6than后面人稱代詞主格賓格有時候意思不一樣。ShedrawsbetterthanI(me)相同。－－Yourwifeseemstolikeherdogverymuch.－－Yes,shelikesthedogmorethan_____.A.IB.meC.herD.she考點(diǎn)7幾個指明客觀差異，并作出主觀選擇比較句型Better+（主語）＋形容詞（或副詞，名，不定式等）…+than+被比對象Bettertolightonecandlethantocursethedarkness.主語＋wouldrather+動詞原形…+than+動詞原形Theywouldratherdieasfreementhanliveasslaves.主語＋謂語＋ratherthan+動詞原形Idecidedtowriteratherthantelephone.主語＋wouldsooner+動詞原形…+than+動詞原形Iwouldsoonerdiethandosuchathing.Soonerthan+動詞原形…,主句主語＋would+動原Soonerthandosuchwork,Iwoulddie.考點(diǎn)8morethan和more…than不一樣含義morethan+名詞不止，不但僅是morethan+形容詞、動詞很，非常morethan+數(shù)詞超出，多出morethan+(that)從句遠(yuǎn)非，超出….more/less…than與其說，倒不如說假如有形容詞用原級請翻譯一下幾句話Hibernationismorethansleep.Thetowerismorethan100metershigh.Ihavemorethanenough.ThebeautyofXihuismorethanIcandescribe.Itismorebluethangreen.Thegirlislesshurtthanfrightened.考點(diǎn)9比較狀語從句表示倍數(shù)，能夠用as和than來表示。三種句型：1)A…＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋thanB如：Thisbuildingistwicetallerthanthatone．2)A…＋倍數(shù)＋as原級as＋B如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesastallasthatone．3)A…＋倍數(shù)＋thesize(height,weight,lengthetc．)＋ofB如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesthesizeofthatone．(2)句型變式：倍數(shù)＋more＋名詞＋than*倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋asAmericanseatmorethantwiceasmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.WiththehelpoftheGermanexperts,thefactoryproduced_______carsin1993astheyearbefore.astwicemanyB.asmanyastwiceastwiceasmanyD.twiceasmanyItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_____________