山東省青島市高三下學期二模英語試題2

青島市2023年高三年級第二次適應性檢測英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AGuidedtoursattheNationalMuseumatSouthKingstonOutofHoursTitanoToursBookatourwithoneofourknowledgeabletourguidestogetupclosetoallthemaincharactersinourworldfamousDinosaursgallery.You’llgettolearnhowdinosaurswerefirstdiscovered,howtheyadaptedtolifeonEarthandwhythey’resoimportanttooursciencetoday.13:0014:00Weekendsonly.BehindtheLensTourHaveyoueverwonderedwhywildlifephotographycanbeusedtomakeadifferencetothenaturalworld?JoinourhostsforaspecialtouroftheWildlifePhotographeroftheYearexhibitionanddiscoverthestoriesbehindthephotos.Wewillintroduceyoutosomesurprisingstoriesaswellastheimpactthatthesephotoshavehadonwildlifeconservationefforts.9:0010:00Wednesday&Friday.BehindtheScenesTour:SpiritCollectionGobehindthesceneswithourscienceeducatorsforalookattheMuseum’sfascinatingzoologycollectionpreserved.AsweexploresomeoftheDarwinCentre’s27kilometersofshelves,you’llencountertreasureshiddenamongthe22millionanimalspecimens(標本)housedhere.14:0015:00Mondayclosed.HistoryoftheNaturalHistoryMuseumTourWithstoriesstretchingfromWaterhousetoDarwin,you’llgettojourneythroughtimeanddiscovermoreabouthowtheincredible‘CathedralofNature’becameworldfamous.What’smore,oncethetourisfinished,youwillhavetheopportunitytovisitthewholeMuseumatyourownpace,newlyequippedwithyourbehindthescenesknowledge.14:0015:00MondaytoFriday.1.WhatcanyoudoonBehindtheLensTour?A.Tellstoriesaboutnature.B.Digintowildlifephotography.C.Discovertipstotakephotos.D.Joininagrouptoprotectwildlife.2.WhichtourcanyoutakeifyougotothemuseumonMondayafternoon?A.OutofHoursTitanoTours.B.BehindtheLensTour.C.BehindtheScenesTour:SpiritCollection.D.HistoryoftheNaturalHistoryMuseumTour.3.Inwhatcolumnofthemuseumwebsitecouldyoufindthetext?A.Shop. B.JoinandSupport.C.What’son. D.Membership.BThestudentsstandonapier(碼頭)overtheHarlemRiverinNewYorkCity.Theystaredownintothebrownwater.Theirteacher,Mr.Rodman,pullsalongropeoutoftheriver.Fastenedtotheendoftheropeisametalcageandinsideareoysters(牡蠣).Takingturns,thestudentsmeasurealltheoysters,andthenparenotes.Thebiggestoysterisover2incheslong,muchbiggerthanahealthysizeforitsage!Theyalsomeasurethelevelofoxygen.Asmoreoystersgrow,thewatershouldbeeclearerandholdmoreoxygen.Also,otheranimalsshouldmovein.Oystersaresoftbodiedanimals,andsharetheunderwatermunitywithplants,fish,andotherlife.Theyarefoodforcrabsandotheranimals.Asnewoystersgrow,theyattachtheirshellstoolderones，formingbigreefswithmanysmallspaceswhereotheranimalslive.Oysterseatalgae(藻類).Ifalgaegrowtoofast，theycandecreaseoxygenfromthewaterandevenfishneedoxygentobreathe!Butwhathappenedtotheoysters100yearsagoinNewYorkHarbor?Beforethen,lotsofoysterslivedinthesewaters.Theywereshippedtorestaurantsaroundtheworld.Bytheearly1900s,peoplewereeatingthemfasterthantheycouldgrow.Pollutionwaspouringintothewaters.Theharborbecameseriouslypolluted.Sincethe1970s,newlawshavehelpedreducepoisonouswaste.Somefishstartedtoswimthroughagain.Butoysterswerestillmissinguntilrecently.TheBillionOysterProjectbeganin2014tohelpbringoystersbacktoNewYorkHarbor.Theprojecthasrecruited(招募)morethan6,500studentsatmorethan100middleschoolsandhighschoolstohelpgrow,distribute,andstudytheoysters.Finally,thestudentsputtheoystersbackinthecage.Mr.Rodmanlowersthecageintotheriver.Inafewmonths,theywillcheckthecageagain.Whentheoystersarebigenough,theywillbemovedtojoinahealthyreefinthemiddleoftheharbor.4.WhydostudentsetothepierovertheHarlemRiver?A.Todoresearch. B.Togofishing.C.Tobuyoysters. D.Tocleanuptheriver.5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whatoystersarelike. B.Howoystersgetfed.C.Whyalgaegrowfast. D.Whatroleoystersplay.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutoystersinNewYorkHarbor?A.People’sloveofeatingoystersboostedtheirnumbers.B.Moreoystersthanbeforelivedinwatersinthe1900s.C.Pollutedwaterwaspartlytoblameforthemissingofoysters.D.Newlawsinthe1970swerecrucialtooysters’recovery.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OystersRaisedinNewYorkHarborB.TheHarlemRiverPollutedHeavilyC.Nature’sHelpfulCrewBroughtBackDTeacherDevotedtoWildlifeProtectionCIntroducedspecieshaveabadreputation.Ithasbeenbelievedthatthespeciesmixinaparticularplaceshouldremainasunchangedaspossible.Butthisisjustanopinion.Otheropinionsarepossible.AstudypublishedrecentlybyDovSaxofBrownUniversity,thusaskshowthebenefitsofintroducedspeciesmightbebetterassessed,sothatopinionscanbemoreinformed.Specifically,heidentifiesseveralaspectsforthat.Initially,whetherintroducedspeciesprovidedirecthumanadvantageistakenintoaccount.Dr.Saxandhiscolleaguesignoredcrops,sincetheirbenefitsareobvious.Buttheyincludedtransplantedgrassspeciesthathavegonewild，yetprovidegrazing(牧草)fordomesticanimals,andintroducedforesttreesthatproducewoodforconstruction.Anotherfactoristheirpossiblebenefittotheecosystemintowhichtheintroductionhashappened.Suchintroductionissometimesmadetoreducetheriskofalocalisedspeciesbeingextinct.Pyne’sgroundplum(李子)，nativetoahandfulofsitesinthecentralbasinsofTennesseebutnowtransplantedtoothers,fallsintothiscategory.Thelastvalueisexperiencedonanemotionalratherthanapracticallevel.Lotsofpeoplefeelgoodaboutnativewildlife,whichisgenerallythemainmotiveforitsconservation.Butthatfeelgoodfactorcanextendtointroducedspeciesaswell.Suchvaluecancutbothways,however.Forexample,ringneckedparakeets,anAsianandAfricanspecies,havebeenspreadingthroughBritainforseveraldecades.Somefindthemacolourfuladditiontothelocalwildlife,othersanoisypetitorfornativebirds.Inlightoftheiranalysis,Dr.Saxandhisteamthereforesuggestthatresearchersstudyingintroducedspeciesshouldinfuturecreateacleardistinctionintheirstudiesbetweenchangesthathavehappenedandjudgmentsaboutthevalueofthosechanges.Inaddition,whenmakingthosejudgments,theyshouldacknowledgealltypesofvalues,ratherthanfocusingnarrowlyononeortwoofthem.Thatdone,manyspecieswillsurelystillbeaccusedofpossibledamage.Butothers,badlythoughtofinthepast,maynot.8.WhatisDr.Sax’sstudyaimedtodo?A.Kecptrackofintroducedspecies.B.Getintroducedspeciesfullyunderstood.C.pareopinionsonintroducedspecies.D.Identifyconsequencesofintroducingspecies.9.WhywasPyne’sgroundplumtransplantedtootherplaces?A.Toprovidegrazeforlocalanimals.B.Toproducewoodforconstruction.C.Tobuildanewlocalecosystem.DTosavelocalspeciesfromdyingout.10.Howdolocalpeoplereacttotheintroductionofringneckedparakeets?A.Theydon’tcareaboutit.B.Theyconsideritacceptable.C.Theycan’tputupwithit.D.Theyholddividedopinionsonit.11.WhatdoesDr.Saxsuggesttothefutureresearchers?A.Focusingonmainvalues.B.Evaluatingevidentchanges.C.Analyzingpreviousresearches.D.Presentingallroundassessments.DSeveralresearchgroupshavepreviouslygeneratedimagesfrombrainsignalsusingAImodelsthatrequirenumerousdataanalysis.Now,ShinjiNishimotoandYuTakagiatOsakaUniversityinJapanhavedevelopedamuchsimplerapproachbyslightlyadjustingStableDiffusion,apopulartexttoimagegenerator,allowingittoturnbrainsignalsdirectlyintopictures.ShinjiNishimotoandYuTakagibuilttwoadditionalmodelstohelpmakeStableDiffusionworkwithbrainsignals.Thepairuseddatafromfourpeopleobtainedbyusingfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)(功能磁共振成像技術(shù))toscantheirbrainswhilethefourwereviewing10,000pictures.Usingaround90percentofthebrainimagingdata,thepairthentrainedonemodeltomakelinksbetweenfMRIdatafromabrainregionthatprocessesvisualsignalsandtheimagesthatpeoplewereviewing.TheyusedthesamedatasettotraintheothermodeltoformlinksbetweentextdescriptionsoftheimagesandfMRIdatafromabrainregionthatprocessesthemeaningofimages.Aftertraining,thesetwomodelscouldtranslatebrainimagingdataintoformsthatweredirectlyfedintotheStableDiffusionmodel.Itcouldthenreconstructaround1000oftheimagespeopleviewedwithabout80%accuracy.Thislevelofaccuracyissimilartothatpreviouslyachievedinastudythatanalysedthesamedatausingamuchmoretediousapproach,whichinvolvedmoretimeandefforts.However,thestudyonlytestedtheapproachonfourpeople.“ThisapproachrequireshugefMRImachines”,saysSikunLinattheUniversityofCalifornia.“Infuture,morepracticalversionsoftheapproachcouldallowpeopletomakeartorchangeimageswiththeirimagination,oraddnewelementstogameplay,butitisstillalongwayfromdailyuse,”shesays.12WhatdoweknowaboutStableDiffusion?A.Itcallsformoredataanalysis.B.Itwascreatedtoreadbrainsignals.C.ItwaslaunchedbyJapanesescientists.D.Ithelpschangebrainsignalsintopictures.13.Whatarethetwomodelsintendedtodoaftertraining?A.Toprocessdata. B.Toredrawimages.C.Toscanhumanbrains. D.Tomatchtextdescriptions.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”meaninparagraph3?A.Simple. B.plicated. C.Effective. D.Convenient.15.WhatdoesSikunLinsayaboutthisapproach?AItispracticalfordailyuse.B.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinart.C.Itwillenrichpeople’simagination.D.Itwillbeappliedinabroadrange.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thebenefitsofwalkingaremany,butdecidinghowmanymilestocoverandhowmuchtimetospendwalkingeachdayisanothermatter.StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaytings—about1.5to2miles._____16_____ButtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)advisesmostadultstoaimfor10,000stepsadayorabout5miles.Andtheremendationcontributestomorepositivehealthoutes._____17_____Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.“Asawalker,youshouldaimforatleast30minutesperday,oratotalof150minutesperweek,”saysAustin,alicensedpsychotherapist.What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10minutesessions._____18_____Itmayalsobehelpfultohealthtomakewalkingapartofone’sdailyroutine.Peoplecantakethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,parkattheotherendofthelotandwalkafurtherdistancetoastore’sentrancewhenshopping._____19_____Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.Alltheseadditionalstepscanbeacquiredcreatively,beyondfixedwalkingtime.Ontopofsuchphysicalbenefits,walkinghasbeenshowntoimprovesleepandmentalhealthincludingmoodandselfesteem._____20_____Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.Ifoneisreadytoimproveoveralllevelsoffitness,walkingticksalltherightboxes.A.binewalkingwitheverydayroutine.B.Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.C.Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?D.Still,whynotgetoffpublictransportationastopearly?E.Walkingsessionsshouldbecontinuoustobebeneficial.F.Thatamountalonehasbeenshowntolowerone’sdeathrisk.G.Walkingrequiresnospecialequipment,gymmembershiportraining.第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。I’vealwaysbeencrazyaboutpandas.MydrawersarefullofpandaTshirtsandmypencilcaseandpursebothhavepandasonthem.SowhenIfoundoutthatmyparentsplannedtotakemeonatriptoChengdu,whichistheplaceinChinafor____21____pandas,Icouldn’tbelievemy____22____Iimmediatelystarteddoingmy____23____,andIfoundattheDujiangyanpandabase,Icouldactuallyvolunteerto____24____withthepandas!Thevolunteer.Programlastsalldayand____25____cleaningthehabitatsandcarvingbambooforpandas.The____26____oftheday,though,camewhenwehadtheopportunityto____27____oneofthepandas,twice!Igavesticksofbambootoonegiantpanda,anditwasabsolutely____28____tospendtimeoneononewithsuchacuteanimal.Thenwespentaboutanhourwatchingadocumentaryto____29____moreaboutthebase.Itoperatesasapandashelter,____30____pandasthathavebeeninjuredtorecoverandgetreadytogobackintothe____31____again.Italsoworksonpandabreedingtohelp____32____thepandapopulation.Itishardworkbutenjoyableand____33____.IcamebackfromChengduwithafewmorethingstoaddtomy____34____.NowIhaveapairofpandaslippersandeverytimeIputthemon,Ithinkaboutmy____35____dayatthepandabase.21.A.saving B.seeing C.training D.releasing22.A.eyes B.favour C.luck D.dream23.A.duty B.job C.homework D.research24.A.work B.live C.learn D.struggle25.A.features B.intends C.allows D.includes26.A.goal B.risk C.highlight D.end27.A.approach B.feed C.follow D.check28.A.tense B.awful C.urgent D.incredible29.A.forecast B.explore C.read D.list30.A.helping B.backing C.promising D.instructing31.A.base B.reserve C.wild D.field32.A.double B.control C.balance D.grow33.A.relaxing B.amusing C.memorable D.flexible34.A.search B.collection C.hobby D.gifts35.A.amazing B.adventurous C.challenging D.forting第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Dough(面團)sculpture,alsoknownasdoughflowers,____36____(date)backtotheHanDynasty(202BC220).AcrossnorthChina____37____thefolkartiswidelyspread,peopletakedoughworksasreligiousofferingsandweddinggifts.“Thedoughismadeofwheatstarch(淀粉),glutinousriceflourandhoney,”saidLiuZenghui,adoughsculptureinheritorinBinzhou,ShandongProvince.Liustartedtolearndoughsculptureatanearlyage.Hisworkscenteron____38____(hero)ofancientChinesemythsandclassics.Eachfigure,____39____theirshape,hairtothemusclesandlooks,issovividandeyecatching.WatchingLiuworkis____40____visualdelight.Afterhefirstshapesthecolorfuldoughintoasimpleoutline,it____41____(attach)toasmallstick.Withaknife,thread,andtoothpicks,hethenrefinesitandeventuallycreatesalifelikeandvisually____42____(strike)doughsculpture.“Youcan’tbetoocarefultocontroltheknife,becauseoncethereisawrongcut,youneedtostartalloveragain.Concentrationisfundamental.”Liusaidinhisquietworkshop,whichensuresminimalnoiseand____43____(disturb).Also,Liu’isgladtobeinvited____44____(give)lecturesatschools.“Makingthetraditionalart_____45_____(access)tochildrenmeansnotonlyfunbutawaytokeepitalive,”hesaid.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，正準備參加校英文詩歌朗誦比賽。請給外教Mr.Brown寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹比賽；2.請他推薦英文詩歌；3.請他幫忙指導。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearMr.Brown,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YourssincerelyLiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Zackjoinedourfamilytwoyearsago.ThefirsttimeIsawhiminacaringcenter,hewassittinginacorner,lonelyandnervous.WhenIgotcloser,hetriedtoavoideyecontactandforcedasmile.Icouldreadhisstrugglesinhiseyes.Indeed,Zackwasdifferent.Hewasakidwithinborndisorderthatmadeitdifficulttomanagehisanxiety.Igentlyputmyarmsaroundhim.Unexpectedly,herespondedbygivingmeatighterhug.Myheartmelt.Icouldn’twaittodriveZackhomeimmediatelytheadoptionpaperwasdone.ThelifewithuswasnewtoZack.Terrifiedofinsectsandalwaysonalert(警戒的)forastormrollingin,heremainedhousebound.OneMarchafternoon,weheldafamilybarbecue.Despitemybesteffort,Zackwouldn’tleavethehouse.Ibroughthimaplateoffoodandhewatchedusfromthewindow.Iwasupsetthathecouldn’tenjoyafewminutesofpeaceinthespringsun.Anyway,Zackwasajoyaround,andwetriedtomeetallhisspecialneeds.WewereworriedthatZackwasdelayedatschoolworkandneededtoattendaspeechandlanguagecamp,butherefusedtogo.Ibegg