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史上最全的中考英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納初一年級(jí)(上)【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)II.重要句型1.Sitdown2.onduty1.helpsb.dosth.3.inEnglish2.Whatabout…?4.haveaseat3.Let'sdosth.5.athome4.It'stimetodosth.6.looklike5.It'stimefor…7.lookat6.What's…?Itis???/8.havealookIts…9.comeon7.Whereis…?It's….10.atwork8.Howoldareyou?I'm??11.atschool9.Whatclassareyouin?12.putonI'min….13.lookafter10.Welcometo….14.getup11.What's???plus…?T.,It's….15.goshoppingIthink…Who'sthis?Thisis….Whatcanyousee?IcanseeIthink…Who'sthis?Thisis….Whatcanyousee?Icansee….Thereis(are)….Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It's(They're)…Whose???isthis?It's….Whattimeisit?It's….5.Seeyou.Seeyoulater.Thankyou!You'rewelcome.Goodbye!Bye!What'syourname?Mynameis….Hereyouare.Thisway,please.10.Who'sondutytoday?11.Let'sdo.12.Letmesee.III.交際用語(yǔ)IV.重要語(yǔ)法Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….Hello!Hi!Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?【名師講解】1.in/on動(dòng)詞be的用法;.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;冠詞的基本用法;Therebe句型的用法。在表示空間位置時(shí),in表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi),on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如:Thereisabirdinthetree.樹上有只鳥。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。this/that/these/thosethis常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事,these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事,those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:YoulookinthisboxandI'lllookinthatoneoverthere你看看這個(gè)盒子,我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。wantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請(qǐng)把這些書拿到他房間去。Thisismine;that'syours.這個(gè)是我的,那個(gè)是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.這些是蘋果,那些是橘子。⑵在打電話的用語(yǔ)中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如:ThisisMaryspeaking.Who'sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)?Therebe/haveTherebe"有",其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是:Therebe+某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。Therebe后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ),be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致,be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用s,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如:(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。Thereisadollinthebox.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹上有許多蘋果??傊琓herebe結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的有"。have表示"擁有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞,與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例如:Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟,一個(gè)姐姐。Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。4.look/see/watchlook表示“看、瞧”,著重指認(rèn)真看,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作,表示有意識(shí)地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒對(duì)方注意。,如:Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧!孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look!What'sthatoverthere?看!那邊那個(gè)是什么?單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞,如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物,其后接介詞at,才能帶賓語(yǔ),如:He'slookingatme。他正在看著我。see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果,著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,意思是“看到”,see是及物動(dòng)詞,后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如:Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么?Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板!你看到了什么?⑶watch“觀看,注視”,側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面,表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng),強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程,常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如:YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。puton//inputon意為“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作,后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞,表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如:It'scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷,穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子,走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn'smother.穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。house/home/familyhouse:“房子”,指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”,指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“,“家庭成員”。例如:Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉?。fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ),而后者僅用作表語(yǔ)。主要區(qū)別在于:(1)fine指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)",形容人時(shí)表示的是"身體健康",也可以用來(lái)指"天氣晴朗"。例如:Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表,有美好",”漂亮"的意思,也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如:Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.見到你很髙興。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。good形容人時(shí)捋'品德好",形容物時(shí)指'質(zhì)量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語(yǔ)。例如:Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車很好。(4)well只可用來(lái)形容人的"身體好",但不能作定語(yǔ),它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ),多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如:I'mverywell,thanks.我身體很好,謝謝。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們歌唱得好?!究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在:動(dòng)詞be的用法;2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;冠詞的基本用法;Therebe句型的用法。本單元學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型;本單元學(xué)過(guò)的日常交際用語(yǔ)??荚囆问娇梢允菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。初一年級(jí)(下)【知識(shí)梳理】4.alldayI.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)5.befrom6.beover1.abottleof/r/eback2.alittle/r/efrom3.alot(of)9.doone'shomeworkdotheshoppinggetdowngethomegettogetupgoshoppinghaveadrinkofhavealookhavebreakfasthavelunchhavesupperlistentonot???atallput???awaytakeoffthrowitlikethatwouldlikeinthemiddleofthedayinthemorning/afternoon/eveningonafarminafactory重要句型Letsb.dosth.Couldsb.dosth.?wouldlikesth.wouldliketodosth.Whataboutsomethingtoeat?Howdoyouspell…?MayIborrow…?交際用語(yǔ)—Thanksverymuch!—You'rewelcome.Putit/themaway.What'swrong?thinkso.Idon'tthinkso.wanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.What'syourfavouritesport?Don'tworry.11.I'm(not)goodatbasketball.Doyouwantago?That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.Doyouhaveadictionary/anydictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon'thaveanyCDs.---Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?---It'sMonday.---MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please?---Certainly.Hereyouare.---Whereareyoufrom?---FromBeijing.What'syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?---Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)---No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)---Whatdoesyourmotherlike?---Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.---Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?---Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.---Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?---Hegoestobedat10:00重要語(yǔ)法人稱代詞的用法;祈使句;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法;動(dòng)詞have的用法;一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法;可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】1.That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That'sright意為“對(duì)的",表示贊同對(duì)方的意見、看法或行為,肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如:"Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。""That'sright."或"You'reright.""說(shuō)得對(duì)"。That'sallright.意為“不用謝"、“沒關(guān)系",用來(lái)回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。例如:"Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意為“行了"、“可以",表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit.""請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。""Allright.""好吧。"Isyourmotherallright?你媽身體好嗎make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”,但含義卻不同,不能混用。make指做東西或制東西,do指做一件具體的事oCanyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎?He'sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作業(yè)。say/speak/talk/tellsay:是最口語(yǔ)化的最普通的一個(gè)詞,意為“說(shuō)出”、“說(shuō)道”,著重所說(shuō)的話。如:“Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他說(shuō),“我要坐汽車到那里去。"PleasesayitinEnglish.請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。speak:“說(shuō)話”,著重開口發(fā)聲,不著重所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容,一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞(即后面不能直接接賓語(yǔ))。如:Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能說(shuō)說(shuō)他的情況?Idon'tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜歡這樣說(shuō)話。speak作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí),只能和某種語(yǔ)言等連用,表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如:ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好。talk:與speak意義相近,也著重說(shuō)話的動(dòng)作,而不著重所說(shuō)的話,因此,一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞,不過(guò),talk暗示話是對(duì)某人說(shuō)的,有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話意味,著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如:Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.我想跟他談那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell:“告訴”,除較少情況外,一般后面總接雙賓語(yǔ)。如:He'stellingmeastory.他在給我講故事。tellalie撒謊tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth女口:.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做飯”解,屬泛指。dothecooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動(dòng)名詞,不能用作復(fù)數(shù),但前面可用some,much修飾。從dosomecooking可引出許多類似的短語(yǔ):dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping買些東西dosomereading讀書dosomewriting寫些東西dosomefishing釣魚從以上短語(yǔ)可引申出另一類短語(yǔ),不能用some,much或定冠詞。goshopping去買東西gofishing去釣魚goboating去劃船goswimming去游泳5.likedoingsth./liketodosthlikedoingsth.與liketodosth.意思相同,但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性;后來(lái)表示一次性和偶然性的動(dòng)作。例如:Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他喜歡踢足球,但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6.other/others/theother/anotherother表其余的,別的,如:Haveyouanyotherquestions?你還有其他問題嗎?others別的人,別的東西.如:IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋子里一些人是美國(guó)人,其他的是法國(guó)人。theother表另一個(gè)(二者之中)one…,theother…如:OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,theotherstudiesChinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一個(gè)學(xué)中文。another表三者以上的另一個(gè),另一些如:Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。/r/hetree/onthetreeinthetree與onthetree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語(yǔ)中有區(qū)別。inthetree表示某人、某事(不屬于樹本身生長(zhǎng)出的別的東西)落在樹上,表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長(zhǎng)在樹上時(shí),要使用onthetree.如:Therearesomeapplesonthetree.那棵樹上有些蘋果。Thereisabirdinthetree.那棵樹上有只鳥。some/anysome和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。⑴some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑問句中。如:Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在說(shuō)話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中,或在表示請(qǐng)求邀請(qǐng)的疑問句中,我們依然用some。如:Wouldyoulikesometea?tall/high⑴說(shuō)人,動(dòng)物,樹木等有生命的東西,主要用tall,不用high,例如atallwoman一個(gè)髙個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn)tallhorse一個(gè)高大的馬⑵說(shuō)一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的髙時(shí),要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上時(shí),飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí),例如:Heishighupinthetree.他髙髙地爬在樹上。Theplaneissohighinthesky.飛機(jī)在空中這么髙。⑶指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以,不過(guò)high的程度比tall髙。high可作副詞,tall不能。tall的反義詞為short,high的反義詞為low.can/could()can表示體力和腦力方面的能力,或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的"能力"。例如:Canyourideabike?你會(huì)騎自行車嗎?WhatcanIdoforyou?要幫忙嗎?Canyoumakeacake?你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎?2)can用在否定句和疑問句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的懷疑"”猜測(cè)"或不肯定。例如:Wherecanhebe?他會(huì)在什么地方呢?Canthenewsbetrue?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎?Itsurelycan'tbesixo'clockalready?不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧?Youcan'tbehungrysosoon,Tom,you'vejusthadlunch.湯姆,你不可能餓得這么快,你剛吃過(guò)午飯。Whatcanhemean?他會(huì)是什么意思?在日常會(huì)話中,can可代替may表示"允許",may比較正式。例如:Youcancomeinanytime.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。CanIuseyourpen?我能用你的鋼筆嗎?Ofcourse,youcan.當(dāng)然可以。Youcanhavemyseat,I'mgoingnow.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。(3)couldcould是can的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性(在否定和疑問句中)。例如:Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.(能力)醫(yī)生說(shuō)他能幫助他。Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.(能力)當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.(可能性)那時(shí)我們以為所說(shuō)的可能是真的。could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如:CouldIspeaktoJohn,please?我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎?Couldyou?在口語(yǔ)中表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。例如:Couldyouwaithalfanhour?請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎?Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix?六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎??can的形式只有現(xiàn)在式can和過(guò)去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài),有時(shí)也能表示將來(lái)。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)(包括將來(lái)時(shí))須用beableto加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示。例如:TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.他們沒有能到北京來(lái)。lookfor/findlookfor意為“尋找”,而find意為“找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)”,前者強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”這一動(dòng)作,并不注重“找”的結(jié)果,而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果。例如:Shecan'tfindherruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch,buthecan'tfindit.湯姆正在尋找他的手表,但沒能找到。besleeping/beasleepbesleeping表示動(dòng)作,意思是“正在睡覺”;beasleep表示狀態(tài),意思是“睡著了”。女口:Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子們?cè)诜块g里做什么?Theyaresleeping.他們正在睡覺。Thechildrenareasleepnow.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了。often/usually/sometimesoften表示"經(jīng)常",sometimes表示"有時(shí)候",在表示發(fā)生頻率上often要髙于usually,usually要髙于sometimes。這三個(gè)詞表示的是經(jīng)常性,一般性的動(dòng)作或情況,常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用,常位于主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面,其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(be動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞)的后面,有時(shí)也可位于句尾。如果要加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,則放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我們通常放學(xué)后打籃球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有時(shí),我睡覺很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語(yǔ)。Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用來(lái)詢問某一商品的價(jià)格,常見句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt?這條裙子多少錢?Howmucharethebananas?這些香蕉多少錢?howmuch后加不可數(shù)名詞,表示數(shù)量,意為“多少“,howmany后加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant?你要多少肉呀?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?你們班有多少人?begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表示"對(duì)有好處",而bebadfor表示"對(duì)有害";begoodto表示"對(duì)友好",而bebadto表示"對(duì)不好";begoodat表示"擅長(zhǎng),在方面做得好",而bebadat表示"在方面做得不好‘。女口:Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操對(duì)你的眼睛有好處。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多對(duì)你的身體有害。MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李老師對(duì)我們所有的人都很友好。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.這個(gè)老板對(duì)他的工人不好。LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅長(zhǎng)畫畫,但是我不擅長(zhǎng)。each/everyeach和every都有"每一個(gè)"的意思,但含義和用法不相同。each從個(gè)體著眼,every從整體著眼。each可用于兩者或兩者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。女口:Weeachhaveanewbook.我們每人各有一本新書。Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.街的兩旁有樹。Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.每天早晨他都起得早。each可以用作形容詞、副詞和代詞;every只能用作形容詞。如:Eachofthemhashisownduty.他們各人有各人的義務(wù)。Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.他們每個(gè)人都想做不同的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也表示說(shuō)話者的能力,還有自然現(xiàn)象;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(構(gòu)成方式為am/is/are/+doing)。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作業(yè)。I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與now,thesedays,atthemoment或Look,listen等詞連用;而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等連用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我們經(jīng)常放學(xué)后打掃教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看!他們正在打掃教室呢。初二年級(jí)(上)【知識(shí)梳理】6.awasteoftimeI.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)7.goonafieldtrip8.gofishing1.ontime9.Iagree2.bestwishes10.nextweek3.giveatalk11.thedayaftertomorrow4.forexample12.haveapicnic5.shortfor13.havesomeproblemsdoingsth.

14.heopenair41.atfirst18.onMid-AutumnDeoverII.重要句型20.haveto21.gethome1.havefundoingsth.22.agreewith2.Whydon'tyou…?23.inthecountry3.We'own4.startwithsth.25.allthesame5.Whynot…?26.infrontof6.Areyougoingto…?27.ontheleft/rightside7.befriendlytosb.28.nextto8.You'dbetterdosth.29.upanddown9.asksb.forsth.30.keephealthy10.saygoodbyetosb.31.growup11.Goodluck(withsb)!32.atthesametime33.thedaybeforeIII.交際用語(yǔ)yesterdaylastSaturdayWelcomebacktoschoolhalfanhouragoamomentagoExcuseme.I'Excuseme.I'msorryI'mlate,becausethetrafficisbad.3.Itdoesn'tmatter.HappyTeachers'Day!That'sagoodidea.Whatareyougoingtodo?Wherearewegoing?Whatarewegoingtodo9.1'mgoodat…It'snotfarfrom…Areyoufreetomorrowevening?WouldyouandLilyliketocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?13.I'mgladyoucancome.Thanksforaskingus.Howaboutanotherone?MayIhaveataste?Letmewalkwithyou.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Doyouliveonafarm?Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?Shallwegoatten?Goodidea!---Let'smakeithalfpastone.---OK.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---Allright.Excuseme.Where'sthenearestpostoffice,please?26.It'soverthereontheright.27.I'msorryIdon'tknow.You'dbetter…Thankyouallthesame.WhichbusdoItake?Goalongthisroad.Whatdaywasityesterday?33.I'msorrytohearthat34.Ihopeyou'rebetternow.Whydidyoucallme?begoingto的用法;IcalledtotellWhydidyoucallme?begoingto的用法;Icalledtotell…形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí);形容詞和副詞的比較IV.重要語(yǔ)法IV.重要語(yǔ)法一般過(guò)去時(shí)【名師講解】1.onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上”時(shí),onthestreet和inthestreet都可以,在美國(guó)多用onthestreet,在英國(guó)多用inthestreet.例如:Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我們?cè)诮稚嫌凶孔印methimonthestreet.我在街上遇見了他。wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含義不同。like意思是“喜歡”,“愛好”,而wouldlike意思是“想要”。試比較:Ilikebeer.=I'mfondofbeer.我喜歡喝啤酒°I'dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜歡看電影嗎?Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看電影嗎?another/theother⑴another通常用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個(gè)人或物體。例如:MayIhaveanotherapple,please?請(qǐng)?jiān)诮o我一個(gè)蘋果好嗎?Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother這件外套我穿太小,請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我拿一件看看。(2)theother通常指兩者中的另一個(gè)。例如:Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有兩把尺子,一把短的,另一把長(zhǎng)的。IhavetwobrothersOneworksinXi'an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有兩個(gè)兄弟,一個(gè)在西安工作,另一個(gè)在北京工作。haveto/must(1)haveto和must都可以用來(lái)談?wù)摿x務(wù),但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺得必須去做而又想去時(shí),常用must。如果談?wù)撃撤N來(lái)自“外界”的義務(wù),常用haveto。例如:Imuststopsmoking.我必須戒煙。(自己想戒煙)Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.他們不得不為那個(gè)老板工作。(條件逼得他們?nèi)スぷ鳎苃aveto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài),must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:I'llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.為了多掙錢,我們不得不每天長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作。⑶用于否定句時(shí),mustn't意思是“決不能”,“禁止”,而don'thaveto意思是“不必",相當(dāng)于needn't。例如:Youmustn'tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你決不能再遲至H。Youdon'thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“聽到某人或某物在做某事”,而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思“聽到某人或某物做過(guò)某事"。試比較:IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.聽見他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。類似hear這種用法的還有see,watch,listen,feel等感官動(dòng)詞。any/someany和some都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用,但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑問句和否定句中。試比較:Iwantsomemoney.我想要點(diǎn)錢。Haveyouanymoney?你有錢嗎?Idon'thaveanymoney.我一點(diǎn)錢也沒有。some有時(shí)也用于疑問句,表示說(shuō)話人期待一個(gè)肯定回答或鼓勵(lì)人家說(shuō)“是”。例如:Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?請(qǐng)你再來(lái)點(diǎn)啤酒好嗎?CouldIhavesomerice,please?請(qǐng)給我來(lái)點(diǎn)米飯好嗎?hear/listentolistento和hear都有“聽”的意思,但含義有所不同。Listento強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的動(dòng)作,hear強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的結(jié)果。例如:Listentome,please!I'mgoingtotellyouastory.請(qǐng)聽我說(shuō)!我給你們講個(gè)故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?聽!你能聽見有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎?Ilistened,butheardnothing.我聽了聽,但什么也聽不見。hear后面如果接賓語(yǔ)從句,常常表示“聽說(shuō)”。例如:Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我聽說(shuō)一些外國(guó)學(xué)生將要訪問我們學(xué)校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我聽說(shuō)今晚我們學(xué)校要演一場(chǎng)電影。Let's…/Letus…Let's…和Letus…都表示“讓我們”,如果us包括聽話人在內(nèi),其含義相同,附帶問句用shallwe.如果us不包括聽話人在內(nèi),其含義不同,Letus…的附帶問句要用willyou。例如:Let'sgoshopping,shallwe?我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物好嗎?take/bring/carry/get這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思,但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”,“拿走”,bring意為“帶來(lái)”,“拿來(lái)”,get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來(lái)或拿來(lái)”,carry不強(qiáng)調(diào)方向,帶有負(fù)重的意思。試比較:Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。I'mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我準(zhǔn)備帶你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.請(qǐng)給我端杯茶來(lái)。I'llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本書給你帶來(lái)。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服務(wù)員把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那個(gè)包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.讓我去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生吧。faraway/faraway⑴faraway是一個(gè)副詞短語(yǔ),意思是“很遠(yuǎn)”。例如:Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些離得很遠(yuǎn),有些離得近一些的。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那個(gè)村子離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。(2)faraway是一個(gè)形容詞,意思是“遙遠(yuǎn)的”,可以在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如:Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小山村。find/lookforfind和lookfor都有“找”的意思,但含義不同。find強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果,而lookfor強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過(guò)程。請(qǐng)看下列例句:Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行車°I'mlookingformywatch,butcan'tfindit.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。

另外,find還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;“感到”等意思。例如:Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在課桌里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我覺得這本書很有意思。infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表示在某物的前面,不在某物的范圍內(nèi)。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部,在某物的范圍內(nèi)。試比較:MyseatisinfrontofMary's.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。Heissittinginthefront他和司機(jī)坐在小車的前部。初二年級(jí)(中)Heissittinginthefront他和司機(jī)坐在小車的前部。初二年級(jí)(中)【知識(shí)梳理】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)giveaconcertfalldowngoonattheendofgobackinahurrywritedowncomeoutalltheyearroundlateronattimesringsb.upofthecarwiththedriverHappyNewYear!haveapartyholdonhearfrombereadyatthemomenttakeoutthesameasturnoverget-togetherputontakeaseatwaitforgetlostjustthen28.firstofall4.Ilove…29.gowrong5.Idon'tlike…30.makeanoise6.I'msure…31.geton7.forgettodosth.32.getoff8.takeamessageforsb.33.standinline9.givesb.themessage34.attheheadof10.helpyourselftosth.35.laughat11.befamousforsth.36.throwabout12.onone'swayto…37.infact13.makeone'swayto…38.atmidnight14.quarrelwithsb.39.enjoyoneself15.agreewithsb.40.haveaheadache16.stopsb.fromdoing41.haveacoughsth.42.fallasleep43.againandagainIII.交際用語(yǔ)44.lookover45.takeexercise1.What'stheweatherliketoday?2.It'scold,butquiteII.重要句型suuny.3.Howcolditistoday!1.begoodforsth.4.Yes,butit'llbe2.Ithink…warmerlateron.3.Ihope…5.Shallwemakeasnowman?6.Ok.Comeon!HappyNewYear!MayIspeaktoAnn,please??Holdon,please.Thanksalotforinvitingmetoyourparty.Ok.ButI'mafraidImaybealittlelate.CanItakeamessageforyou?That'sOK.Itdoesn'tmatter.I'mverysorry,butIcan'tcome.I'msorrytohearthatHappybirthday!Wouldyoulike...?Wouldyouliketo...?Doyouthink...?Yes,Ithinkso./No,Idon'tthinkso.Doyouagree?Yes,Iagree./No,don'treallyagree.Ireallycan'tagree.Thereareafew/alotof.../onit.21.Sodowe.I'mhappyyoulikeit.Whichisthewayto...,please?Turnright/leftatthe...crossing.Goonuntilyoureach...HowcanIgetto...?Godown/up/alongthisroad.What'sthematter?It'lltakeyouhalfanhourto...We'dbettercatchabus.30.Itmaybein...Ah,soitis31.Youmustbemorecareful!32.Youmustn'tcrosstheroadnow.33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.34.Pleasestandinline.35.Youmustwaitforyourturn.36.Ifyoudon'tgosoon,you'llbelate.37.Idon'tfeelverywell.46.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Myheadhurts.Youmustn'teatanythinguntilyouseetheIV.重要語(yǔ)法doctor.What'sthetrouble?What'sthematterWhat'sthetrouble?What'sthematterwith…?Shedidn'tfeellikeeatinganything.Nothingserious.Have/getapainin…Noproblem.一般過(guò)去時(shí);反意疑問句的用法;一般將來(lái)時(shí);感嘆句;簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may和must,haveto的用法;時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句。【名師講解】above/over/on這三個(gè)介詞都表示“在之上”,但含義不同。on指在某物的表面上,和某物接觸;above指在某物的上方,不和某物接觸,但也不一定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方,不和某物接觸。試比較:Thereisabookonthedesk.課桌上有一本書。Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高舉過(guò)頭。Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石橋。forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“忘記做某事",實(shí)際上還沒做;forgetdoingsth,意思是“忘記做過(guò)某事”,實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做過(guò)了。試比較:Iforgottotellhimthenews.我忘記告訴他這條消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已經(jīng)把這條消息告訴他了,我卻忘了。類似的詞還有:remember,regret等。hope/wishhope和wish在漢語(yǔ)中都有“希望”的意思,但其含義和用法有所不同。主要區(qū)別如下:⑴wish可以用來(lái)表示不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望;hope只能用來(lái)表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。例如:IwishIwere20yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年輕二十歲。Ihopeyou'llbebettersoon.我希望你能很快好起來(lái)。Iwishtheweatherwasn'tsocold.但愿天氣不這麼冷。Ihopehewillcome,too.我希望他也能來(lái)。⑵wish可以接sb.todosth.的結(jié)構(gòu),而hope不可以。例如:Doyouwishmetocomebacklater?你是否希望我再來(lái)?besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.besuretodosth.可以用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方提出要求,意思是“務(wù)必”,也可以用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人做出的推斷,意思是“一定”,“肯定”。例如:Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你離開時(shí)務(wù)必把門鎖好。It'sagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.這是一部好電影,你肯定會(huì)喜歡的。besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用來(lái)表示“某人對(duì)某事有把握”。例如:I'msureofhissuccess.我相信他會(huì)成功。Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butI'mnotsureaboutit?我想那是三年前的事情,但我沒有把握。hearfrom/hearofhear意思是“聽到",從哪里聽到要用from來(lái)表示。例如:I'veheardfromXiaoWuthatwe'llstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.我聽小吳說(shuō),我們明天開始軍訓(xùn)。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.聽錄音,并寫出你從韓梅那里聽到的內(nèi)容。hearfrom還有一個(gè)意思是“收到某人的來(lái)信”(二receivealetterfromsb.)。例如:IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上個(gè)月我受到了美國(guó)筆友的來(lái)信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的來(lái)信。hearof和和hearfrom含義不同。hearof意思是“聽說(shuō)”,“得知”(某事或某人的存在),常用在疑問句和否定句里。例如:Whoishe?I'veneverheardofhim.他是誰(shuí)?我從來(lái)沒有聽說(shuō)過(guò)他。Ineverheardofsuchathing!這樣的事我從來(lái)沒有聽說(shuō)過(guò)。6.It'sapleasure./Withpleasure.It'sapleasure這句話常用作別人向你表示致謝時(shí)的答語(yǔ),意思是“那是我樂意做的”。例如:---Thankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你地幫助。---It'sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。Thanksalot.Bye.非常感謝。再見。It'sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。再見。類似的話還有“Notatall.”“Youarewelcome.”“That'sallright.”Withpleasure也用作客氣的答語(yǔ),主要用在別人要你做某事,而你又非常愿意去做的場(chǎng)合。例如:---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?請(qǐng)你把報(bào)紙遞給我好嗎?Withpleasure.當(dāng)然可以。seem/look(1)二者都可以作“看起來(lái)”講,但seem暗示憑借一些跡象作出的有根據(jù)的判斷,這種判斷往往接近事實(shí);ook著重強(qiáng)調(diào)由視覺得出的印象。兩者都可跟(tobe)+形容詞和asif從句。如:Heseems/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今天看起來(lái)很高興。Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoingtorain.好像要下雨了。⑵但下列情況中只用seem不用look:后跟不定式todo時(shí)。如:Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他似乎知道答案。在Itseemsthat...結(jié)構(gòu)中。如:Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天髙興些了。bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyforbereadytodo和bereadyfor…表示“已作好…的準(zhǔn)備”,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)getreadytodo和getreadyfor…/

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