考研考博-英語-昆明學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

“IsGeorgereallyleavingtheuniversity?”

“Yes,butwouldyoumind______toanyone?”

問題1選項

A.nottomentionit

B.notmentionit

C.notmentioningit

D.nottomentioningit

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。動詞mind后面要求跟動名詞，構(gòu)成minddoingsomething“介意做某事”。否定句式為wouldyoumindnotdoingsth“請你不要做……好嗎？”。句意：“喬治真的要退學了嗎?”“是的，但你能不能別告訴別人?”。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Thegovernmentwill（）theeconomynextyearanddevelopthetraderelationswithothercountriesquickly.

問題1選項

A.abuse

B.amount

C.accumulate

D.accelerate

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：明年，政府將（）經(jīng)濟增長，并且快速同其他國家發(fā)展貿(mào)易關(guān)系。abuse濫用，虐待；amount總計，合計；accumulate積累，積聚；accelerate促進；（使）加快。因此，D項符合句意。

3.單選題

Wewereallannoyedbythetwogirlswhotalkedincessantlyduringthelecture.

問題1選項

A.rudely

B.endlessly

C.loudly

D.noisily

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項rudely“無禮地”；B選項endlessly“不斷地”；C選項loudly“大聲地”；D選項noisily“吵鬧地”。句意：講座過程中，兩個女生在滔滔不絕地講話，我們都很煩。劃線部分incessantly是不停地意思。因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

Thepaintontheclown’sface（）thatitscaredthechildrenhewastryingtoentertain.

問題1選項

A.wassoexaggeration

B.wereanexaggeration

C.wassuchanexaggeration

D.wasexaggerating

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)后面的that可知，這里考查so（such）…that...的句型。so后面接形容詞或副詞，such后接名詞。exaggeration為名詞，所以選項C正確。

5.單選題

Thenextfewdecadeswillseegreatchangesinthewayenergyissuppliedandused.Insomemajoroilproducingnations,“peakoil”hasalreadybeenreached,andthereareincreasingfearsofglobalwarning.Consequently,manycountriesarefocusingontheswitchtoalowcarboneconomy.Thistransitionwillleadtomajorchangesinthesupplyanduseofelectricitytopowertheirhomesandvehicles.Secondly,therewillbeanincreaseinpowergeneration,notonlyintermsofhowmuchisgenerated,butalsohowitisgenerated,asthereisgrowingelectricitygenerationfromrenewablesources.Tomeetthesechallenges,countriesareinvestinginSmartGridtechnology.Thissystemaimstoprovidetheelectricityindustrywithabetterunderstandingofpowergenerationanddemand,andtousethisinformationtocreateamoreefficientpowernetwork.

SmartGirdtechnologybasicallyinvolvestheapplicationofacomputersystemtotheelectricitynetwork.Thecomputersystemcanbeusedtocollectinformationaboutsupplyanddemandandimproveengineer’sabilitytomanagethesystem.Withbetterinformationaboutelectricitydemand,thenetworkwillbeabletoincreasetheamountofelectricitydeliveredperunitgenerated,leadingtopotentialreductionsinfuelneedsandcarbonemissions.Moreover,thecomputersystemwillassistinreducingoperationalandmaintenancecosts.

SmartGridtechnologyoffersbenefitstotheconsumertoo.Theywillbeabletocollectreal-timeinformationontheirenergyuseforeachappliance.Varyingtariffsthroughoutthedaywillgivecustomerstheincentivetouseappliancesattimeswhensupplygreatlyexceedsdemand,leadingtogreatreductionsinbills.Forexample,theymayusetheirwashingmachinesatnight.Smartmeterscanalsobeconnectedtotheinternetortelephonesystem,allowingcustomerstoswitchappliancesonoroffremotely.Furthermore,ofhousesarefittedwiththeapparatustogeneratetheirownpower,appliancescanbesettorundirectlyfromtheon-sitepowersource,andanyexcesscanbesoldtothegrid.

Withthesechangescomesarangeofchallenges.Thefirstinvolvesmanagingthesupplyanddemand.Sourcesofrenewableenergy,suchaswind,waveandsolar,arenotoriouslyunpredictable,andnuclearpower,whichisalsosettoincreaseasnationsswitchtoalternativeenergysources,isinflexible.Withoilandgas,itisrelativelysimpletoincreasethesupplyofenergytomatchtheincreasingdemandduringpeaktimesofthedayoryear.Withalternativesources,thisisfarmoredifficult,andmayleadtoblackoutsorsystemcollapse.Potentialsolutionsincludeinvestigatingnewandefficientwaystostoreenergyandencouragingconsumerstouseelectricityatoff-peaktimes.

Asecondproblemisthefactthatmanyrenewablepowergenerationsourcesarelocatedinremoteareas,suchaswindyuplandsandcoastalregions,wherethereiscurrentlyalackofelectricaltechnology,thiscanbedonemoreefficientlybyreducingthereinforcementorconstructioncosts.AlthoughSmartTechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,pilotschemestopromoteandtestitarealreadyunderway.Consumersarecurrentlytestingthenewsmartmeterswhichcanbeusedintheirhomestomanageelectricityuse.Therearealsoanumberofdemonstrationsbeingplannedtoshowhowthesmarttechnologycouldpracticallywork,andtrialsareinplacetotestthenewelectricalinfrastructure.Itislikelythattechnologywillbeaddedin‘layers’startingwith‘quickwin’methodswhichwillprovideinitialcarbonsavings,tobefollowedbymoreadvancedsystemsatalaterdate.Citiesareprimecandidatesforinvestmentintosmartenergy,duetothehighpopulationdensityandhighenergyuse.ItisherewhereSmartTechnologyislikelytobepromotedfirst,utilisingarangeofsustainablepowersourcestransportsolutionsandaninfrastructureforchangingelectricallypoweredvehicles.Theinfrastructureisalreadychangingfast.Bytheyear2050,changesintheenergysupplywillhavetransformedourhomes,ourroadsandourbehavior.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whathashappenedinsomeoilproducingcountries?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofmartGirdtechnologytoconsumers?

3.Whatistheproblemwithusingrenewablesourcesofpoweraccordingtothearticle?

4.Inparagraph5,whatcanbeinferredaboutcitiesinthefuture?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcanbeinferredabouttheintroductionofSmartGirdTechnology?

問題1選項

A.Theyareunwillingtoselltheiroilanymore.

B.Theyarenotproducingasmuchoilastheyusedto.

C.Thesupplyofoilisunpredictable.

D.Globalwarmingismoreseverherethaninothercountries.

問題2選項

A.Itcanreducetheirelectricitybills.

B.Itcantellthemhowmuchenergyeachapplianceisusing.

C.Itcanallowthemtoturnappliancesonandoffwhentheyarenotathome.

D.Itcanreducetheamountofenergyneededtopowerappliances.

問題3選項

A.Theydonotprovidemuchenergy.

B.Theyoftencausesystemfailureandblackouts.

C.Theydonotsupplyacontinuousflowofenergy.

D.Theycan’tbeusedatoff-peaktimes.

問題4選項

A.Morepeoplewillbelivingincitiesinthefuturethannowadays.

B.Peopleincitieswillbeusingcarsandbusespoweredbyelectricity.

C.Allbuildingswillgeneratetheirownelectricity.

D.SmartGridtechnologywillonlybeavailableincities.

問題5選項

A.Thetechnologieswhichproducemostbenefitswillbeintroducedfirst.

B.Thecheapesttechnologieswillintroducesfirst.

C.Thetechnologieswhicharemostdifficulttoputintoplacewillbeintroducedfirst.

D.Technologicallyadvancedsystemswillbeintroducedfirst.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段“Insomemajoroilproducingnations,“peakoil”hasalreadybeenreached”，在一些主要的石油生產(chǎn)國，“石油峰值”已經(jīng)達到。由此可知，選項A“他們不愿意再賣他們的石油了”，選項C“石油的供應(yīng)是不可預(yù)測的”，選項D“全球變暖在這里比在其他國家更加嚴重”均與文章不符,因此B選項正確。

第2題:2.細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“l(fā)eadingtogreatreductionsinbills”，導致電費大幅減少；“allowingcustomerstoswitchappliancesonoroffremotely”，讓消費者可以遠程啟動或關(guān)閉家用電器；“ofhousesarefittedwiththeapparatustogeneratetheirownpower,appliancescanbesettorundirectlyfromtheon-sitepowersource,andanyexcesscanbesoldtothegrid”，配備這一裝置的房間，可以自行發(fā)電，家用電器就可以直接依靠這一電源運轉(zhuǎn)，而多余的電量則可以出售給電網(wǎng)。由此可知，選項A“它可以減少他們的電費”，選項C“當他們不在家的時候，它可以讓他們遠程打開和關(guān)閉電器”，選項D“它可以減少電力設(shè)備所需的總電量”均與文章相符,而選項B“可以測試出每一個家用電器使用中的電量”，文章未提及。因此B選項正確。

第3題:3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第四段“Thefirstinvolvesmanagingthesupplyanddemand”，首先是管理供給和需求的問題；“Sourcesofrenewableenergy...arenotoriouslyunpredictable”，可再生能源的來源是很難把握或預(yù)測的；“thisisfarmoredifficult,andmayleadtoblackoutsorsystemcollapse”更加困難的是，可能導致停電或系統(tǒng)崩潰；“investigatingnewandefficientwaystostoreenergy”，研究出新的且有效的方法就是存儲能源。由此可知，選項A“它們不提供太多能量源”，選項B“它們經(jīng)常導致系統(tǒng)故障和停電”，選項D“他們在非高峰時段不能使用”均與文章不符,因此C選項正確。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第五段“Citiesareprimecandidatesforinvestmentintosmartenergy,duetothehighpopulationdensityandhighenergyuse”，由于城市的高人口密度和高耗能，他們將是推廣智能能源的首選目標；“...infrastructureforchangingelectricallypoweredvehicles”，提升基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，如改變汽車的電源供給方式。由此可知，選項A“將來住在城市的人會比現(xiàn)在多”，選項C“所有的建筑都會自行發(fā)電”，選項D“智能電網(wǎng)技術(shù)只能在城市使用”均與文章不符，因此B選項正確。

第5題:5.推理判斷題。題干的意思是問“根據(jù)作者所述，關(guān)于智能網(wǎng)格技術(shù)的引入，我們可以推斷出什么?”。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章最后一段.“changesintheenergysupplywillhavetransformedourhomes,ourroadsandourbehavior”，智能供電方式的轉(zhuǎn)變將會改變我們的家、我們的道路以及我們的行為。由此可知，選項B“最便宜的技術(shù)將首先引入”，選項C“首先引進最難實施的技術(shù)”，選項D“首先引進技術(shù)先進的系統(tǒng)”均與文章不符，因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

WouldyoumindifI___youafewquestions?

問題1選項

A.amasking

B.willask

C.asked

D.shouldask

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：你介意我問你幾個問題嗎？根據(jù)句意可知是提出現(xiàn)在的條件，則主句：主語＋would/should/might/could＋動詞原形，從句：動詞過去式。C選項正確。

7.單選題

Withtheexpansionofthecompany,themanagerhassomuchworktodothataholidayforhimthisyearis（）.

問題1選項

A.outofquestion

B.outofthequestion

C.beyondallquestion

D.pastquestion

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析。outofquestion“毫無疑問”；outofthequestion“不可能”；beyondallquestion“毫無疑問”；pastquestion“無可爭辯”。句意：隨著公司的擴張，經(jīng)理有很多的工作要做，所以今年的假期對他來說是不可能的。選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

Naturally,inagroupofanimalsasdiverseasthesnakes,andwithsomanyvariedenemies,therearenumerousdefensivereactionsanddevices.Thereis,however,onegeneralpatternofbehavior,inthepresenceofasuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation;ifthisfails,thenextresortisflighttosomeinaccessibleretreat,butifthisisnotpossible,oriscircumvented,variouskindsofintimidatorygesturesandwarningdevicesarebroughtintoplay;inthelastresortthesnakeattacks.Thispatternvarieswiththecircumstances;somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce,thoughseldomorneverwithoutsomeprovocation.

Amongstthefactorsthatincreaseaggressivenessarehunger,thematingseasonandsurprise,withthelastmentionedthecommonest;whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak,butitiswhenitiscaughtunawaresthatthenormalchainofre-actionstendstobecometelescoped.Owingtotheirpoorsenseofhearing,snakesareveryliabletobe,quiteliterally,caughtnappingandasimilarsituationarisesduringtheirperiodsoftemporaryblindnessjustbeforesloughingbegins.Byfarthegreatestnumberofsnake-biteaccidentsresultfromtheunwittingdisturbanceofrestingsnakes,andthishazardismuchincreasedwithspeciesthatarewellcamouflagedandwhosenaturalinstinctistotrusttothisconcealmentastheirprincipaldefense.Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies;andthereportsofthosewhohavebeenattackedmayunderstandablybelackinginobjectivity.Soitisimpossibletoforecast,eveninoutline,howanyencounterwilldevelop.

TheHamadryad,forexample,isusuallycreditedwithbeingamongstthemostaggressiveofsnakes,andtherearemanyaccountsofunprovokedattacks,yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway.

1.Whenasnakemeetsapotentialenemy,itsprimarydeviceis（）.

2.By“dispensewithallthepreliminaries”(thelastsentence,Para.l.),theauthormostprobablymeansthat（）.

3.Asnakeismostaggressivewhen（）.

4.Itisdifficulttopredictwhatwouldhappenwhenasnakemeetsamanbecause（）.

5.Theauthorusestheexampleinthelastparagraphtosupporthisideathat（）.

問題1選項

A.avoidinganyobservation

B.findingasafeshelter

C.givingawarningthreat

D.startingaquick

問題2選項

A.thesnakescombineallthepreviousthreesteps.

B.thesnakesgiveupalltheprevioussteps.

C.thesnakesfollowallthepreviousstepsonebyone.

D.thesnakesreversetheorderofalltheprevioussteps.

問題3選項

A.itmeetsapossibleenemy

B.itiscaughtwhenitissleepingorsloughing

C.itisdisturbedunknowingly

D.itseeksapartnerinthematingseason

問題4選項

A.noonehaseverclearlyknownhowhehimselfwasbit

B.mantendstobesubjectivewhenhedescribeshisencounterwithasnake

C.theaggressivenessofthesnakesdiversifiesaccordingtodifferentsituations

D.asnakedoesnotbegintoattackwithoutprovocation

問題5選項

A.snakesdonotbegintheaggressiveactifitisnotdisturbed

B.somesnakesaremoreaggressiveandmorereadytoattack

C.itishardtoforecastwhetherandhowsnakeswouldattack

D.snakesoftenconcealthemselvesastheirprincipaldefense

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段，“inthepresenceofsuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation”，在可疑的敵人面前，第一反應(yīng)是設(shè)法逃過觀察。由此可知蛇第一裝置是逃避任何的觀察，因此選項A正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。定位到文章最后一段，“somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce”，一些階段可能被省略或合并不可預(yù)測，而一些臭名昭著的暴躁物種可能免除所有的準備，幾乎一下子攻擊。由此可知，蛇會放棄所有步驟直接攻擊。因此選項B正確。

3.推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段，“whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak.”當尋找食物或配偶時，活躍性和攻擊性的本能都達到了頂峰，因此選項D符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段，“Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies”除了同一物種的個體在攻擊能力上因環(huán)境和條件的不同而存在差異外，物種之間，甚至親緣關(guān)系密切的物種之間也存在顯著差異。由此可知，蛇應(yīng)對不同的情況會呈現(xiàn)出不同的應(yīng)對反應(yīng)，因此蛇遇見人而做出的反應(yīng)是難以預(yù)測的。選項C正確。

5.推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段，“yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway”，但有一次，14個人和7條狗在離一個巢穴兩碼的地方經(jīng)過并返回，盡管雌蛇沒有出現(xiàn)。守護鳥巢的鳥兒，不可能離得太遠。由此可知蛇沒有被打擾是不會進行應(yīng)激行為的。因此選項A正確。

9.單選題

It’snicetohaveclosefriendsandfamilyyoucan（

），butitliftsahugeweightoffyourshoulderswhenyouknowthatyoucouldsurviveonyourownifyouhadto.

問題1選項

A.copewith

B.counton

C.conformto

D.committo

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。copewith“處理，應(yīng)付”；counton“指望，依賴”；conformto“符合，遵照”；committo“交付，致力于”。句意為：有親密的朋友和家人可以依靠固然很好，但是當你知道在不得已的情況下，你可以獨立生活，那時你便會卸下一身重擔。選項B符合句意。

10.單選題

Scienceisadominantthemeinourculture.Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlife,educatedpeopleneedatleastsomeacquaintancewithitsstructureandoperation.Theyshouldalsohaveanunderstandingofthesubcultureinwhichscientistsliveandthekindsofpeopletheyare.Anunderstandingofgeneralcharacteristicsofscienceaswellasspecificscientificconceptsiseasiertoattainifoneknowssomethingaboutthethingsthatexciteandfrustratethescientist.

Thisbookiswrittenfortheintelligentstudentorlaypersonwhoseacquaintancewithscienceissuperficial;forthepersonwhohasbeenpresentedwithscienceasamustystorehouseofdriedfacts;forthepersonwhoseesthechiefobjectiveofscienceastheproductionofgadgets;andforthepersonwhoviewsthescientistsassomesortofmagician.Thebookcanbeusedtosupplementacourseinanyscience,toaccompanyanycoursethatattemptstogiveanunderstandingofthemodernworld,or-independentlyofanycourse-simplytoprovideabetterunderstandingofscience.Wehopethisbookwillleadreaderstoabroaderperspectiveonscientificattitudesandamorerealisticviewofwhatscienceis,whoscientistsare,andwhattheydo.Itwillgivethemanawarenessandunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenscienceandourcultureandanappreciationoftherolessciencemayplayinourculture.Inaddition,readersmaylearntoappreciatetherelationshipbetweenscientificviewsandsomeofIhevaluesandphilosophiesthatarepervasiveinourculture.

Wehavetriedtopresentinthisbookanaccurateandup-to-datepictureofthescientificcommunityandthepeoplewhopopulateit.Thatpopulationhasinrecentyearscometocomprisemoreandmorewomen.Thisincreasingroleofwomeninthescientificsubcultureisnotanuniqueincidentbut,rather,partofthetrendevidentinallsegmentsofsocietyasmorewomenentertraditionallymale-dominatedfieldsandmakesignificantcontributions.Indiscussingthesechangesandcontribution,however,wearefacedwithalanguagethatisimplicitlysexist,onethatusesmalenounsorpronounsinreferringtounspecifiedindividuals.Tooffsetthisbuilt-inbias,wehaveadoptedthepolicyofusingpluralnounsandpronounswheneverpossibleand,whenabsolutelynecessary,alternatingheandshe.Thispolicyisfarfrombeingideal,butitisatleastanacknowledgmentoftheinadequacyofourlanguageintreatinghalfofthehumanraceequally.

Wehavealsotriedtomakethebookentertainingaswellasinformative.Ourapproachisusuallyinformal.Wefeel,asdomanyotherscientists,thatweshouldn'ttakeourselvestooseriously.Asthereadermayobserve,weseescienceasadelightfulpastimeratherthanasagrimanddrearywaytoearnaliving.

1.Accordingtothepassage,‘scientificsubculture’means（）.

2.Weneedtoknowsomethingaboutthestructureandoperationofsciencebecause（）.

3.Thebookmentionedinthispassageiswrittenforreaderswho（）.

4.Accordingtothispassage,（）.

5.Thispassagemostprobablyis（）.

問題1選項

A.culturalgroupsthatarcformedbyscientists.

B.peoplewhoseknowledgeofscienceisverylimited.

C.thescientificcommunity.

D.peoplewhomakegoodcontributiontoscience.

問題2選項

A.itisnoteasytounderstandthethingsthatexciteandfrustratescientists.

B.Scienceaffectsalmosteveryaspectofourlife.

C.Scientistsliveinaspecificsubculture.

D.Itiseasiertounderstandgeneralcharacteristicsofscience.

問題3選項

A.areintelligentcollegestudentsandlaypersonwhodonotknowmuchaboutscience.

B.aregoodatproducingvariousgadgets.

C.workinastorehouseofdriedfacts.

D.wanttohaveasuperficialunderstandingofscience.

問題4選項

A.Englishisasexistlanguage.

B.onlyinthescientificworldistheroleofwomenincreasingrapidly.

C.womenaremakingsignificantcontributionstoeliminatingtheinadequacyofourlanguage.

D.malenounsorpronounsshouldnotbeusedtorefertoscientists.

問題5選項

A.abookreview,

B.theprefaceofabook.

C.thepostscriptofabook.

D.theconcludingpartofabook.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.語義推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“scientificsubculture”可定位到第三段的內(nèi)容“我們試圖在這本書中呈現(xiàn)一個準確和最新的有關(guān)科學社區(qū)和居住在其中的人們的圖片。近年來，這一群體中的女性越來越多。女性在科學亞文化中的這種日益增加的作用不是一個獨特的事件……”由此可以看出，科學亞文化就是科學社區(qū)，所以選項C正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlife,educatedpeopleneedatleastsomeacquaintancewithitsstructureandoperation.由于它幾乎涉及我們生活的方方面面，受過教育的人至少需要對它的結(jié)構(gòu)和運作有所了解?！庇纱丝芍?，選項B符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thisbookiswrittenfortheintelligentstudentorlaypersonwhoseacquaintancewithscienceissuperficial;……這本書是為那些對科學了解不多的聰明學生或非專業(yè)人士而寫的?！边x項A是對原文的同義表達，所以正確。

4.判斷推理題。選項A“英語是一門具有性別歧視的語言”不正確，性別歧視的語言指的是用男性名詞或代詞來指代未指明的個體，并不是英語這一門語言；選項B“只有在科學界，女性的作用在迅速增加”表達過于絕對；選項C“女性為消除我們語言的不足做出了重大貢獻”不正確，原文說的是越來越多的女性進入了傳統(tǒng)上由男子主導的領(lǐng)域并作出了重大貢獻，并不是消除語言的不足；選項D“男性名詞或代詞不能用來指科學家”符合原文，應(yīng)該盡可能使用復數(shù)名詞和代詞，必要時，他和她交替使用。所以本題選D。

5.判斷推理題。A選項abookreview“書評”；B選項theprefaceofabook“前言，序言”；C選項thepostscriptofabook“附錄，后記”；D選項theconcludingpartofabook“結(jié)尾語”。原文提及這本書是為那些對科學了解不多的聰明學生或非專業(yè)人士而寫，試圖呈現(xiàn)的是一個準確和最新的有關(guān)科學社區(qū)以及居住在其中的人們的圖片，并且努力使這本書既具有知識性又具有娛樂性，這些都是在對這本書的性質(zhì)和內(nèi)容進行大致的講解，一般放在書的前言部分，所以選項B正確。

11.單選題

Hesawuniversityasacommunityofscholars,wherestudentswere（

）byteachersintoanappreciationofdifferentphilosophicalapproaches.

問題1選項

A.extracted

B.deducted

C.inducted

D.conducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。extracted“提取”；deducted“扣除，減去；演繹”；inducted“引導；感應(yīng)”；conducted“管理，引導；表現(xiàn)”。induct和conduct都有“引導”的意思，但是前者有教授知識的意味，所以選項C符合題意。

12.單選題

Withallthewars,fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday,it'snotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumorjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourlives.Puttingasmileonsomeone'sfacewhenyouknowtheyarefeelingdowninthedumps,asthesayinggoes,makesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.

Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife,husband,child,co-worker,neighbor,closefriend,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatyourcornerstore?Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon'tknowthepersonI'mjokingaroundwith.MyGrandmaalwaysfoundhumorineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Thisnotonlyrelievesstressinanysituation,butalsoiscommoncourtesytospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.

Iknowofafewpeoplethatdon'thaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheysay.Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokeandtheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirface.Theydon'tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.Howcanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjoke?

Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumorwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Thereistoomuchsadnessinthispresentworld.Itdrivespeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,humorisusefulintheaspectthat（）.

2.TheauthoranswersthequestioninParagraph2with（）.

3.Thephrase“bustingagut”inParagraph3canbereplacedby（）.

4.Whichisnotmentionedasafunctionhumorplaysinlife?

5.Inwritingthepassage,theauthormainlyintendsto（）.

問題1選項

A.itmakespeoplemoreconfident

B.itcanpickuppeople'sspirits

C.itcanhelpgetridofthecrueltyintheworld

D.itcanhelppeoplegetonwellwithothers

問題2選項

A.factsanddescriptions

B.evidenceandargument

C.examplesandconclusion

D.storiesandpersuasion

問題3選項

A.explainingcarefully

B.speakingloud

C.keepingsilent

D.laughinghard

問題4選項

A.Humorcanreducestress.

B.Humorhelpstolandajoboffer.

C.Humorcandrivesadnessaway.

D.Humorcanmakeyourfamilyhappy.

問題5選項

A.talkabouthisownunderstandingofhumor

B.encouragepeopletobehumorousindailylife

C.introduceapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylife

D.convincepeopleofthepowerofbeingoptimisticaboutlife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“幽默的有用之處在于（）?”。第一段第一句butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumorjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourlives.（擁有良好的幽默感也是必要的，只是為了幫助我們度過生活的每一天），可以看出，保持幽默可以打起人們的精神；A項“使人更自信”，文中只提到幽默可以解壓；C項“幫助人們擺脫殘酷的世界”，這是作者引用了奶奶的例子，主要是用來說明幽默能讓自己在殘酷生活中緩解壓力；D項“幫助人們與人友好相處”，文中只是提到幽默也是一種人與人之間的禮貌，著重點還是在于幽默可以解壓。因此B項“打起/鼓舞人們的精神”正確。

2.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者第二段回答問題用的是什么?”。第二段的問題是Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjoke…orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatyourcornerstore?（如果你不能和你的妻子，丈夫，孩子，同事，鄰居，親密的朋友，甚至只是一個和你一起在街角商店排隊的人開玩笑，你會有什么感覺?）；后面作者用奶奶的例子來回答這個問題并且做出了結(jié)論，因此該題C選項“例子和結(jié)論”正確。

3.【試題解析】語義推測題。題干意思是“第三段中的短語‘bustingagut’可以用哪個詞替代?”。根據(jù)第三段第二句Everyonearoundthemcouldberolli