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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

The()inDavid’scharacterhashinderedhimfromadvancinginhiscareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weakness

B.shortcoming

C.demerit

D.defect

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)weakness“指人性格、品行方面的弱點(diǎn),或體制、組織、設(shè)計(jì)等方面的缺陷(強(qiáng)調(diào)弱點(diǎn))”;B選項(xiàng)shortcoming“指某人或某事物所存在的不足或缺陷,通常用復(fù)數(shù)”;C選項(xiàng)demerit“是很正式的詞語(yǔ),表示事物的缺點(diǎn)”;D選項(xiàng)defect“指事物的缺點(diǎn)或人性格上的缺點(diǎn),一般指較大的缺點(diǎn)、缺陷?!蹦衬橙说膕hortcoming是可以改的;但是某某人的weakness是需要那個(gè)人自己去克服;shortcoming只能用來(lái)指人的缺點(diǎn);weakness可以用在人以外的東西上。句意:大衛(wèi)性格上的缺陷阻礙了他在事業(yè)上的發(fā)展。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

TheNewYorkmaleandtheLondonmale:twospeciesofdudesosimilar,inmanyrespectstheyseemtohavebeenseparatedatbirth.Bothstomptriumphantlyaroundfinancialandmediacapitals.Bothfeeltheyliveatthecentreoftheknownuniverse.Andbothspendfartoomuchtimeontheirhair.Buttherearemarkeddifferencesbetweenthesetribes,fromconfidenceandsenseofhumourtomatingritualsanddresssense.

Sowho’sbest?There’sonlyonewaytofindout:whollyunscientificmeansofanecdotesfrompeoplewhohavelivedinbothcities.

Masculinity

AlexanderT.,aBritish-borndoctorlivinginHarlem,thinksthat“maleness”isamuchmoreconsciouslyperformedthinginManhattanthaninLondon.“Yourclothes,whatyouorderinarestaurant,yourabilitytodeliverasincerepatteraboutyourgoalsandpassions—thesearethingsthatwillhelpgetyoulaidinNewYork.SometimestheLondonapproachofjustrelyingonbeingfunnyandself-deprecatingwillfailtoimpress.”Butonlysometimes,Alexanderstresses.“Foreverywomanwhojudgesyouharshlyforyourlackofafive-yearplan,therewillbeothersdrivensomadwithtraumabywretchedanddisgustingNewYorkmalesthatafewhoursofyoulisteningandbeinganiceguywillmakeyouseemlikethecatchofthecentury.”

Appearances

JuliaB.isafundraiserinLondon,wholivedinNewYorkforsevenyears.“Londonmendressbetteringeneral,andlookamillionmilesbetterinsuits.Forsomereason,NewYorkersareobsessedwithboxy,ill-fittingsuitjackets,WallStreettypesbeingtheworstoffenders.NewYorkmenareprobablymoremuscular,andmoreimage-consciousingeneral.”NewYorkersseemmuchmorereluctanttogrowup,shethinks.“NewYorkmentryandretaintheiryouthforlonger.Therearemore45yearoldswithskateboardsinWilliamsburg,BrooklynthanthereareinHackney.LondonmenwillwanttosettledownsoonerthanNewYorkers.Asawoman,there’smoredangerofbeingsingleinNewYorksincemenwanttostay20intheirmindsforever,sowomendon’twanttocommiteither,becausetheyseealltheseimmaturedudesaround.InLondon,menunderstandwomen’sbiologicalclocksalittlebetter."

Humour

ThecommonplaceNewYorkerhasanannoyingreputation,butgraphicdesignerMichaelL.saysthetwoyearshespentinLondonupendedthatstereotypeforhim.“Londonguyswearagrim,unpleasantfacealotofthetime.PeopleinNewYorkwerealotmorewillingtobefriendly.Andthat’swhatEnglishpeoplewilldescribeasfake.TheythinktheNewYorknicenessisnotgenuine.Sothereyouhaveit.AreyouaLondonmanseekingfun?YoushoulddefinitelyspendafewweeksinNewYork.Yoursuperiorwardrobe,maturebehaviorandrefreshingself-deprecationwilllandinfertile,man-boytraumatizedsoilintheCityThatNeverSleeps.ButLondonwomen?AvoidthesirensongoftheNewYorkmale.Nomatterhowill-temperedyourLondonfellowis,he’sabetteroverallpackagethantheflashyNewYorker.Yes,thatcharmingManhattanitejustromanticallyaskedyououtinthemiddleofthestreet.But,a)heasksouteverywomanwithapulse,and,b)heprobablyworksatadiscountshoestore.

What’syourtakeonthedifferencesbetweenNewYorkandLondonmen?Whowouldyouratherbestuckinalift,onaroadtrip,orinthebar?

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

3.WomeninNewYorkaremorelikelytostaysinglebecause(

).

4.Whatistheauthor’swarningtoLondonwomen?

5.Theunderlinedworddudemaymeanamanwhois(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AnecdotesfromLondonandNewYork

B.LondonmenversusNewYorkmen:who’sbetter?

C.Meetthemoremasculine,grooming,humorousLondonguys

D.Twospeciesacrosstheocean

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.WomeninNewYorkarealwaysimpressedbytheambitiousmalefriends.

B.BusinessmeninNewYorkdonotfollowtherulesofdress.

C.Sometimeswomenprefertohavealistenerincompany.

D.MichaelL,aftertwoyearsinLondon,dislikesNewYorkmalesmore.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydonotwanttomarryanimmatureboy

B.thementherewillnotmarryuntil45

C.theyarenotinterestedinskateboards

D.thementheredonotwanttosettledowninthecity

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheNewYorkmale’snicenessisprobablyfaked.

B.TheLondonmalesareunpleasantandill-tempered.

C.TheNewYorkmaleshavehurtmanyNewYorkwomenalready.

D.ItishardtotellwhetheraNewYorkmalehasagoodjob.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.muchconcernedwithhisdressandappearance

B.alwaysrudeandviolenttopeople

C.humorousandcancheerupthewomen

D.intelligentandgoodatarts

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要從三個(gè)方面對(duì)倫敦男人和紐約男人進(jìn)行對(duì)比,因此B選項(xiàng)“倫敦男人對(duì)紐約男人:誰(shuí)更好?”這個(gè)標(biāo)題能更好地表現(xiàn)本文比較的主題。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Londonmendressbetteringeneral,andlookamillionmilesbetterinsuits.Forsomereason,NewYorkersareobsessedwithboxy,ill-fittingsuitjackets,WallStreettypesbeingtheworstoffenders.”倫敦男人一般穿得更好,穿西裝看起來(lái)更好看。出于某種原因,紐約人癡迷于方形的、不合身的西裝夾克,華爾街的人是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?赏茰y(cè)紐約人穿著不講究,因此B選項(xiàng)“紐約的商人不遵守著裝規(guī)則”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Asawoman,there’smoredangerofbeingsingleinNewYorksincemenwanttostay20intheirmindsforever,sowomendon’twanttocommiteither,becausetheyseealltheseimmaturedudesaround.”作為一個(gè)女人,在紐約單身的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大,因?yàn)槟腥讼胗肋h(yuǎn)保持在20歲左右,所以女人也不想承諾,因?yàn)樗齻兛吹竭@些不成熟的男人。

可知紐約女性更有可能保持單身是由于男性心態(tài)不夠成熟,因此A選項(xiàng)“她們不想嫁給一個(gè)不成熟的男孩”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“ButLondonwomen?AvoidthesirensongoftheNewYorkmale....Yes,thatcharmingManhattanitejustromanticallyaskedyououtinthemiddleofthestreet.But,a)heasksouteverywomanwithapulse,and,b)heprobablyworksatadiscountshoestore.”可知作者給倫敦女人的警告之一是,你無(wú)法判斷約你出去的紐約男人在哪里工作,因此D選項(xiàng)“很難分辨紐約男人是否有很好的工作”符合題意。

5.詞義題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)紐約男人和倫敦男人的比較,提到的男子氣概、穿著打扮和幽默,約女性出門(mén)等方面,可知他們有幽默感,是討女性喜歡的類(lèi)型。dude意為“紈绔子弟,花花公子”,因此選C。

3.單選題

Duetosluggishmarketconditions,thefactory'sworkforcehas()fromover4,000toafewhundred.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proclaimed

B.dwindled

C.repressed

D.indulged

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。proclaimed公告;dwindled減少,變小,縮小;repressed抑制,鎮(zhèn)壓,約束;indulged放任,放縱。句意:由于市場(chǎng)不景氣,工廠的工人已從4000多人減少到幾百人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.翻譯題

Inacalmseaeverymanisapilot.Butallsunshinewithoutshade,allpleasurewithoutpain,isnotlifeatall.Evendeathitselfmakeslifemoreloving.Mencomeclosesttotheirtrueselvesinthesobermomentsoflife,undertheshadowsofsorrowandloss.Intheaffairsoflifeorofbusiness,itisnotintellectthattellssomuchascharacter,notbrainssomuchasheart,notgeniussomuchasself-control,patience,anddiscipline,regulatedbyjudgment.Ihavealwaysbelievedthatthemanwhohasbeguntolivemoreseriouslywithinbeginstolivemoresimplywithout.Inanageofextravaganceandwaste,IwishIcouldshowtotheworldhowfewtherealwantsofhumanityare.Toregretone'serrorstothepointofnotrepeatingthemistruerepentance.Thereisnothingnobleinbeingsuperiortosomeotherman.Thetruenobilityisinbeingsuperiortoyourpreviousself.

【答案】在風(fēng)平浪靜的大海上,每個(gè)人都是領(lǐng)航員。但只有陽(yáng)光沒(méi)有陰影,只有快樂(lè)沒(méi)有痛苦,這樣根本不是真正的生活。甚至死亡本身都使得生命更加可愛(ài)。在人生清醒的時(shí)刻,在悲傷與失落的陰影之下,人們與真實(shí)的自我最為接近。在生活和事業(yè)的種種事務(wù)之中,性格比才智更能指導(dǎo)我們,心靈比頭腦更能引導(dǎo)我們,而由判斷所控制的自制、耐心和紀(jì)律比天分更能讓我們受益。我一向認(rèn)為,內(nèi)心生活一開(kāi)始就更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)娜耍耐庠谏钜矔?huì)變得更為簡(jiǎn)樸。在物欲橫流的年代,但愿我能向世人表明,人類(lèi)的真正需求是何其少。后悔自己的過(guò)錯(cuò)以致不重蹈覆轍才是真正的悔悟。優(yōu)于別人,并不高貴,真正的高貴應(yīng)該是優(yōu)于過(guò)去的自己。

5.單選題

PeopleweresurprisedtofindthatMr.Johnsonhadtheabilityto()everythinghewasinvolvedin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prevail

B.dominate

C.preside

D.instruct

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。prevail盛行,流行;dominate控制,支配;preside主持,擔(dān)任會(huì)議主席;instruct指導(dǎo),通知。句意:人們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)Mr.Johnson有能力操控他所做的每件事。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

Fishingaddsonlyabout1percenttotheglobaleconomy,butonaregionalbasisitcancontributeenormouslytohumansurvival.Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.

Fishingtypicallydoesnotrequirelandownership,andbecauseitremains,ingeneralopentoall,itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.WithinSoutheastAsiaalone,morethanfivemillionpeoplefishfull-time.InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean.InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork.

Althoughdebatesovertheconservationofnaturalresourcesareoftencastasaconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment.MichaelP.SissenwineandAndrewA.RosenbergoftheU.S.NationalMarineFisheriesServicehaveestimatedthatifdepletedspecieswereallowedtorebuildtotheirlong-termpotential,theirsustainableusewouldaddabout$8billiontotheU.S.grossnationalproduct—andprovidesome300,000jobs.Iffishpopulationswererestoredandproperlymanaged,about20millionmetrictonscouldbeaddedtotheworld’sannualcatch.Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.

Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.Foreach$1millionofinvestment,industrial-scalefishingoperationsrequireonlyonetofivepeople,whereassmall-scalefisherieswouldemploybetween60to3,000.Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence.

1.Theanimalsourcewhichsuppliesthemostproteinforhumanbeingis.

2.Paragraph2impliesthat.

3.Intheconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,theauthortakessideswiththosewhoareinfavorof.

4.Thebalancebetweenjobsandtheemploymentcanbekeptif.

5.Thepassagesuggeststhatmakinglessuseofmoderntechnologymay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beef

B.fish

C.pork

D.chicken

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mostofmen’semploymentisfromfishing

B.mancanalwaysturntofishingforemployment

C.fortypercentofChileansliveonfishingboatsorships

D.fishinghasbeenthebiggestindustryinNewfoundland

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasingtheannualcatch

B.creatingmorejobs

C.gettinggreaterfiscalprofitability

D.conservingnaturalresources

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fishingcapacityisfurtherincreased

B.fishingjobsarefurtherincreased

C.fewerwell-equippedfishingshipsareused

D.fewerspeciesareallowedtorebuild

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.reducepressureonfishpopulations

B.threatentheworld’sannualcatch

C.increasegovernment’sinvestment

D.costtensofthousandsoffishermen’sjobs

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步,精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第一段第二句話Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.“海洋漁業(yè)對(duì)世界蛋白質(zhì)供應(yīng)的貢獻(xiàn)超過(guò)牛肉、家禽或任何其他動(dòng)物來(lái)源?!钡诙?,綜合理解,這里講的是魚(yú)類(lèi)貢獻(xiàn)的蛋白質(zhì)比其他動(dòng)物來(lái)源更多所以這里答案選B選項(xiàng)“魚(yú)肉”,

A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是其他動(dòng)物來(lái)源,所以不選,這里屬于反向干擾。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步,尋找句內(nèi)線索,定位到文章第二段第一句的最后一個(gè)分句...itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.“……在發(fā)展中國(guó)家,這往往是最后的謀生手段——當(dāng)沒(méi)有其他選擇的時(shí)候時(shí)的一種職業(yè)”,當(dāng)人們沒(méi)有選擇的時(shí)候可以選擇這種職業(yè),也就是人們總能通過(guò)漁業(yè)求生,所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“人們總是可以通過(guò)捕魚(yú)來(lái)尋找工作”。

A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人的職業(yè)是捕魚(yú)”,定位到第二段第二句Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.“全世界約有2億人以捕魚(yú)為生”。全球人口約60億,而漁業(yè)占2億,所以不能說(shuō)大部分人靠漁業(yè)為生,這里屬于偷換概念;

C選項(xiàng)“40%的智利人生活在漁船或船只上”,第一步精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean“在智利北部,40%的人口靠海洋為生”。第二步,綜合理解,該句只是說(shuō)智利40%的人口靠海生活,并不是說(shuō)40%的人口住在船上,這里屬于曲意理解。

D選項(xiàng)“捕魚(yú)一直是紐芬蘭最大的產(chǎn)業(yè)”,第一步精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第二段最后一句話InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork“在紐芬蘭,大部分就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)自漁業(yè)或該行業(yè)的服務(wù)——直到20世紀(jì)90年代初鱈魚(yú)漁業(yè)的崩潰,導(dǎo)致數(shù)萬(wàn)人失業(yè)”。第二步綜合理解,鱈魚(yú)在上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代就已經(jīng)崩潰了,因此紐芬蘭的漁業(yè)早就崩潰了。而題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表達(dá)的意思是漁業(yè)現(xiàn)在仍然是紐芬蘭的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),這不符合題意,這里屬于偷換概念。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步,尋找句內(nèi)線索,定位到第三段第一句話therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment“但魚(yú)類(lèi)數(shù)量的恢復(fù)實(shí)際上會(huì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)。”,第二步綜合理解,從這里可知作者認(rèn)為保護(hù)資源和就業(yè)之間沒(méi)有沖突,保護(hù)了資源就能促進(jìn)就業(yè),所以作者是支持保護(hù)自然資源的,所以答案選D“保護(hù)自然資源”。

A選項(xiàng)“增加年捕獲量”,定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是,要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全,就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚(yú)業(yè)的能力,以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這里作者倡導(dǎo)的是減少捕撈,所以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)不能選,這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)解析,這里屬于曲意理解。

C選項(xiàng)“獲得更大的財(cái)政盈利能力”。定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是,要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全,就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚(yú)業(yè)的能力,以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這句和題目無(wú)關(guān),所以這里屬于偷梁換柱。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步,精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第四段第二句話Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.(政府可以通過(guò)減少對(duì)高度機(jī)械化船只的補(bǔ)貼來(lái)增加就業(yè)并減少對(duì)魚(yú)類(lèi)種群的壓力)。第二步,綜合理解,上文講到捕魚(yú)能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià),然后作者提出了這個(gè)主意,減少對(duì)機(jī)械漁船的補(bǔ)貼,所以這里答案選C選項(xiàng)“更少的裝備精良的漁船”。

A選項(xiàng)“捕撈能力進(jìn)一步提高”,定位到第三段最后一句話...fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全將需要大幅度降低商業(yè)捕魚(yú)業(yè)的能力,以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。從這里可知捕魚(yú)能力應(yīng)該減少而不是增加,所以不選A選項(xiàng),這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“漁業(yè)工作進(jìn)一步增加”。文章沒(méi)有提到工作的增加,這里屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“更少的物種被允許重建”,見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)解析,這里講的是枯竭的物種允許其重建,而不是更少的物種恢復(fù),這里屬于偷換概念。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚(yú)本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬(wàn)小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民,因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~(yú)類(lèi)正在枯竭”。第二步綜合理解,因?yàn)楣I(yè)捕魚(yú)導(dǎo)致漁業(yè)資源枯竭,更少的使用工業(yè)漁船也就是現(xiàn)代科技會(huì)讓漁業(yè)恢復(fù),魚(yú)就會(huì)更多,魚(yú)類(lèi)種群的壓力就沒(méi)有那么大了,所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“減少對(duì)魚(yú)類(lèi)種群的壓力”。

B選項(xiàng)“威脅到世界的年度捕撈”。定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚(yú)本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬(wàn)小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民,因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~(yú)類(lèi)正在枯竭”。文章題干是減少現(xiàn)代科技的使用會(huì)威脅世界的年捕撈量,文章所描述的正是因?yàn)楣I(yè)漁船的使用才造成漁業(yè)資源枯竭的,這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“增加政府投資”。文章沒(méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“損失了成千上萬(wàn)漁民的工作”。第一步,精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第四段第一句話Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.“捕魚(yú)能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià)”,所以D選項(xiàng)不選,這里屬于反向干擾。

7.單選題

Sometimespatientssufferingfromseverepaincanbehelpedby“drugs”thataren'treallydrugsatall______sugarpillsthatcontainnoactivechemicalelements.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orrather

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.butrather

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。orrather“倒不如說(shuō)”;ratherthan“而不是”;otherthan“除了,不同于”;butrather“而是”。句意:有時(shí)候幫助病人緩解疼痛的藥物并不是真正的藥物而是一些不含活性化學(xué)元素的糖丸。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Youhaveyourchoiceofthree______oficecream.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.varieties

B.tops

C.respects

D.decks

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)varieties“(同一事物的)不同種類(lèi);品種”;B選項(xiàng)tops“頂端;表面”;C選項(xiàng)respects“(事物的)方面,細(xì)節(jié)”;D選項(xiàng)decks“(船或公共汽車(chē)的)一層”。句意:你有三______冰淇淋供你選擇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,這里指的是有三種不同的冰淇淋,A選項(xiàng)varieties“(同一事物的)不同種類(lèi)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Changesinresidenceandjobsplaceatremendous(1)ofstressandpressureonpeople

(2)

theytrytoadjustthemselvestonewpeopleandplaces.Yettransientrelationshipsarenot

(3)

onlytopeopleandplaces.Objectsmoveinandoutofourlivesatanastonishingrate.America,the“consumersociety”,hasalso

(4)

thename‘thethrowawaysociety”.Everyyearwethrowaway

(5)

quantitiesofbottles,cans,paper,andonandon.Buildingsaretom

(6)

aroundus,andnewonestaketheirplace,fortheyare

(7)

toreplacethantorepair.

(8)everymajorchange,ourplacesfeel

(9)

familiar.Ourlivesbecomefilledwithasenseofimpermanenceanduncertainty.

Therateatwhichnewandsometimescontradictoryinformationcomesatus

(10)

contributestoourfeelingsofinstabilityandtransience.It’sestimatedthat90percentofallscientistswhoeverlivedare

(11)

today.Newscientificdiscoveriesarebeingmadeeverydayoftheweek,(12)

unlikeinotherages,newideasarequicklyinpracticalways.The(13)

ofnewtechnologyonourlivesisfeltalmostimmediately.

Aswelook

(14)

onhistory,wethinkintermsoflargeperiodsoftime,fromthetenthousandyearsoftheagriculturalrevolutiontothethreehundredyearsoftheindustrial

(15)

.Todaytime

(16)

likeit'saccelerating.Wenolonger

(17)

tothinkofchangeintermsofcenturies

(18)

intermsof

(19)

:the1960s,1970sand1980s.Thedaymaycomewhenwethinkofgreat

(20)

ofhistoricalchangeintermsofyears,evenmonths.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.number

B.amount

C.sum

D.series

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.since

C.as

D.sothat

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.adapted

B.referred

C.applied

D.limited

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.earned

B.taken

C.given

D.called

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.incredible

C.credulous

D.incredulous

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.away

B.up

C.off

D.down

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.faster

B.lighter

C.cheaper

D.better

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.In

B.By

C.With

D.Through

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.less

B.more

C.quite

D.too

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.ever

C.farther

D.further

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.alive

B.dead

C.long-lived

D.short-lived

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.but

C.for

D.or

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.result

B.force

C.influence

D.impression

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.down

B.round

C.out

D.back

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.date

B.age

C.time

D.day

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.feels

B.looks

C.should

D.would

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.manage

B.incline

C.tend

D.intend

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.butrather

B.orrather

C.wouldrather

D.ratherthan

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.pentathlons

B.decathlons

C.pentads

D.decades

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.deals

B.periods

C.times

D.portions

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:D

【解析】(1)量詞用法辨析。A選項(xiàng)anumberof意為“大量的”,后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;B選項(xiàng)aamountof意為“大量的”,后面可以跟不可數(shù)名詞;C選項(xiàng)asumof意為“總計(jì),合計(jì)”;D選項(xiàng)aseriesof意為“一系列的”??蘸蟮膕tressandpressure為不可數(shù)名詞所以B選項(xiàng)正確,atremendousamountof...數(shù)目非常巨大的。

(2)連詞用法辨析。A選項(xiàng)until表示“直到…”;B選項(xiàng)since通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中;C選項(xiàng)as一般引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,表示原因或者表示“正如,好像”;D選項(xiàng)sothat通常引導(dǎo)結(jié)果或目的狀語(yǔ)從句。本句句意為“居住地和工作地的改變給人們帶來(lái)了巨大的壓力因?yàn)樗麄円ψ屪约哼m應(yīng)新的人和新的環(huán)境?!备鶕?jù)句意確定是因果關(guān)系,C選項(xiàng)正確。

(3)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adapt“適應(yīng)于”;B選項(xiàng)refer“參考,查閱”;C選項(xiàng)apply“應(yīng)用于”;D選項(xiàng)limit“限制,局限”。根據(jù)本句開(kāi)頭的yet可知句意轉(zhuǎn)折,因此句意為“然而這種短暫的關(guān)系不僅僅對(duì)人和地方有限制”。D選項(xiàng)正確。

(4)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)earn“賺錢(qián),掙得,獲得”;B選項(xiàng)take“攜帶”;C選項(xiàng)give“給予”;D選項(xiàng)call“呼叫”。本句句意為“美國(guó),又稱‘消費(fèi)合作社’,也獲得一個(gè)名字叫做‘東西用過(guò)就扔的社會(huì)’。”A選項(xiàng)正確。

(5)形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)credible“可靠的,可信的”;B選項(xiàng)incredible“不可靠的,不可信的”;C選項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的”;D選項(xiàng)incredulous“懷疑的,不輕信的”。句意為“每年我們都扔掉難以置信的數(shù)量的瓶子、罐子、紙等等”。根據(jù)句意可知這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是數(shù)量大得驚人,讓人難以置信,B選項(xiàng)正確。

(6)固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。torn是tear的過(guò)去分詞,A選項(xiàng)tearaway“疾馳”;B選項(xiàng)tearup“撕毀,撕碎”;C選項(xiàng)tearoff“撕下,撕掉”;D選項(xiàng)teardown“拆卸,撕毀”。本句是指很多建筑物被拆掉然后新的又重新建起,強(qiáng)調(diào)拆建筑物,D選項(xiàng)正確。

(7)形容詞比較級(jí)辨析。A選項(xiàng)faster“更快”;B選項(xiàng)lighter“更輕”;C選項(xiàng)cheaper“更便宜,更廉價(jià)”;D選項(xiàng)better“更好”。句意“我們周?chē)慕ㄖ锉徊鸬?,然后新的建筑物又在原地重建,因?yàn)樗鼈儽绕鹬匦?,重建更好些。”D選項(xiàng)正確。

(8)介詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)in“在……里面”;B選項(xiàng)by“通過(guò),被……”;C選項(xiàng)with“伴隨,有…”;D選項(xiàng)through“通過(guò)”。句意為“隨著每一個(gè)主要的變化,我們的地方變得不再熟悉了?!盋項(xiàng)選表示伴隨正確。

(9)副詞比較級(jí)辨析。A選項(xiàng)less“更少”;B選項(xiàng)more“更多”;C選項(xiàng)quite“相當(dāng),很”;D選項(xiàng)too“也”。句意為“隨著每一個(gè)主要的變化,我們的地方變得不再熟悉了?!币簿褪钦f(shuō),隨著周?chē)牟粩嘧兓?,熟悉感就?huì)越來(lái)越少,A選項(xiàng)less表示更少正確。

(10)副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)even“甚至”;B選項(xiàng)ever“曾經(jīng)”,多用于完成時(shí)態(tài);C選項(xiàng)farther“更遠(yuǎn)”;D選項(xiàng)further“更深一層”。本句句意為“新的有時(shí)候也充滿矛盾的信息不斷涌向我們的頻率更加深了我們的不穩(wěn)定感和無(wú)常感?!贝颂帍?qiáng)調(diào)程度深,D選項(xiàng)正確。

(11)形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)alive“活著的,活潑的,有生氣的”;B選項(xiàng)dead“無(wú)生命的,呆板的”;C選項(xiàng)long-lived“長(zhǎng)命的,歷時(shí)長(zhǎng)久的”;D選項(xiàng)short-lived“短命的”。句意為“據(jù)報(bào)道所有的科學(xué)家中有90%壽命很短?!盌選項(xiàng)正確。

(12)連詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)so表示因果關(guān)系;B選項(xiàng)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;C選項(xiàng)for表示因果關(guān)系;D選項(xiàng)or表示選擇關(guān)系以及“否則”的意思。本句句意為“新的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)每周每天都在創(chuàng)造,但是不像在其他時(shí)代一樣,新的想法很快就付諸實(shí)踐了。”前后句意轉(zhuǎn)折,B選項(xiàng)正確。

(13)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)result“結(jié)果”;B選項(xiàng)force“力量”;C選項(xiàng)influence“影響”;D選項(xiàng)impression“效果,印象,印記,感想”。句意為“我們生活中的新科技的影響幾乎立刻就能感知到?!盋選項(xiàng)正確。

(14)固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)與look搭配意為:A選項(xiàng)lookdown“輕視”;B選項(xiàng)lookround“環(huán)顧四周”;C選項(xiàng)lookout“小心,向外看”;D選項(xiàng)lookbackon“回顧,回憶”。句意“隨著我們回顧歷史……”,D選項(xiàng)正確。

(15)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)date“日期”;age“年代,年齡”;C選項(xiàng)time“時(shí)間,時(shí)代”;D選項(xiàng)day“天,每天”。此處與空前的theagriculturalrevolution“農(nóng)業(yè)改革”相對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是“工業(yè)時(shí)代”,“theindustrialage”,B選項(xiàng)正確。

(16)動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)feels“感覺(jué)”;B選項(xiàng)looks“看”,與like搭配意為“看起來(lái)像”;C選項(xiàng)should“應(yīng)該”;D選項(xiàng)would“想要”。句意為“當(dāng)今時(shí)代看起來(lái)好像是加速的”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

(17)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)manage“管理,控制”;B選項(xiàng)incline“使傾斜,傾斜于”;C選項(xiàng)tend“傾向”;D選項(xiàng)intend“打算,有打算”。本句句意為“我們不再傾向于從世紀(jì)的角度思考改變了而是從比如20世紀(jì)60年代,20世紀(jì)70年代以及20世紀(jì)80年代這樣的年代的角度。”tendtodosth.意為“傾向于做某事”,C選項(xiàng)正確。

(18)固定搭配辨析。A選項(xiàng)butrather“而是,而寧可說(shuō)是";B選項(xiàng)orrather“更精確地說(shuō),不如說(shuō)”;C選項(xiàng)wouldrather“寧愿”;D選項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是”。句意“…而是從比如20世紀(jì)60年代,20世紀(jì)70年代以及20世紀(jì)80年代這樣的年代的角度?!笨芍狝選項(xiàng)正確。

(19)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)pentathlon“五項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)”;decathlons“十項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”;C選項(xiàng)pentad“五個(gè)一組”;D選項(xiàng)decades“十年”。根據(jù)句意“我們不再傾向于從世紀(jì)的角度思考改變了而是從比如20世紀(jì)60年代,20世紀(jì)70年代以及20世紀(jì)80年代這樣的年代的角度?!币约翱蘸蟮膖he1960s,1970s以及1980s的舉例可知這里是和年代有關(guān)的,D選項(xiàng)正確。

(20)名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)deals“交易,協(xié)議”;B選項(xiàng)periods“時(shí)期”;C選項(xiàng)times“時(shí)代”;D選項(xiàng)portions“部分”。句意為“以后的日子里我們可能需要根據(jù)幾年甚至幾個(gè)月來(lái)考慮歷史的變化的問(wèn)題。”根據(jù)句意確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Thefounders,aswasthecaseofalmostalltheirsuccessors,werelongonexhortationandrhetoricregardingthevalueofciviceducation,buttheyleftittothetextbookwriterstodistilltheessenceofthosevaluesforschoolchildren.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infuse

B.disseminate

C.extract

D.demonstrate

【答案】C

【解析】劃線詞的賓語(yǔ)是theessenceofthosevaluesforschoolchildren,從那些價(jià)值觀中……本質(zhì)。A選項(xiàng)infuse“灌輸;浸漬”;B選項(xiàng)disseminate“宣傳;散步”;C選項(xiàng)extract“提取;提煉”;D選項(xiàng)demonstrate“證明;展示”。聯(lián)系句意可知“從那些價(jià)值觀中提取本質(zhì)”邏輯通順,因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourba

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