人教版 初一至初三全程英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)

人教版初一至初三全程英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)初一年級(jí)（上）【知識(shí)梳理】重點(diǎn)短語SitdownondutyinEnglishhaveaseatathomelooklikelookathavealookcomeonatworkatschoolputonlookaftergetupgoshoppingn.重要句型helpsb.dosth.Whatabout...?Let'sdosth.It'stimetodosth.It'stimefor...What's...?Itis.../It's...Whereis...?It's....Howoldareyou?I'm...min....Whatclassareyouin?I'min....Welcometo....What's...plus...?It's....Ithink...Who'sthis?Thisis....Whatcanyousee?Icansee....Thereis(are)....Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It's(They're)...Whose...isthis?It's....Whattimeisit?It's....血交際用語Goodmorning,Miss/Mr....Hello!Hi!Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?Seeyou.Seeyoulater.Thankyou!You'rewelcome.Goodbye!Bye!What'syourname?Mynameis....Hereyouare.Thisway,please.Who'sondutytoday?Let'sdo.Letmesee.IV.重要語法動(dòng)詞be的用法；人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；冠詞的基本用法；Therebe句型的用法。【名師講解】in/on在表示空間位置時(shí)」n表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.樹上有只鳥。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。this/that/these/those(1)this常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：YoulookinthisboxandI'IIlookinthatoneoverthere.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請(qǐng)把這些書拿到他房間去。Thisismine;that'syours.這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。⑵在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如：ThisisMaryspeaking.Who'sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰？Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是:Therebe+某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語。Therebe后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語，be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如：⑴Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。⑵Thereisadollinthebox.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。⑶Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹上有許多蘋果?？傊?，Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關(guān)系。例如：(4)Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。⑸Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。look/see/watchlook表示"看、瞧"，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，表示有意識(shí)地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對(duì)方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look!What'sthatoverthere?看！那邊那個(gè)是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如：He'slookingatme。他正在看著我。see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動(dòng)詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。puton//inputon意為“穿上，戴上"。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作，后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標(biāo)語和狀語。如：It'scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.夕卜面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn'smother.穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。house/home/familyhouse:“房子”，指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”，指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“，“家庭成員"。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉?。fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)別在于：⑴fine指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)"，形容人時(shí)表示的是"身體健康"，也可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有"美好","漂亮"的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.見到你很高興。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。good形容人時(shí)指"品德好"，形容物時(shí)指"質(zhì)量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車很好。well只可用來形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.我身體很好，謝謝。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們歌唱得好。【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：動(dòng)詞be的用法；人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；冠詞的基本用法；Therebe句型的用法。6.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型;本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語?？荚囆问娇梢允菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。【中考范例】（2004年北京市中考試題）Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動(dòng)詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。（2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題）orangeonthedeskisforyou,Mike.A.AB.AnC./D.The【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因?yàn)槭翘刂刚n桌上的那個(gè)橘子，所以用定冠詞the。（2004年哈爾濱市中考試題）---Whatthenumberofthegirlsinyourclass?---Abouttwenty.A.isB.amC.areD.be【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動(dòng)詞be的用法和主謂一致°thenumber作主語，應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱，動(dòng)詞be變?yōu)閕s。4.（2004年陜西省中考試題）ThereafootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.hasD.isgoingtohave【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是Therebe...句型和動(dòng)詞have用法區(qū)別。Therebe句型本身就表示“在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物”，不能和動(dòng)詞have混在一起用?！緷M分演練】單項(xiàng)填空---Whatcolouristhebike?---It'sorange.A.anB.aC./D.theThatisn'therbag.It's.A.myB.IC.mineD.me---Oh,yourkiteisverynice.A.That'srightB.No,it'snotniceC.Yes,itisD.ThankyouThewomanissixty,butsheyoung.A.isB.seesC.looksD.watchesIt'stimelunch.Let'sgohome.A.toB.inC.forD.on---isyourcoat?---Theblackone.A.WhatB.WhereC.WhichD.How---isthetoy?---It'sonthebed.A.WhoB.WhereC.WhatD.WhoseTheshoesaretooold.Putoverthere.A.itB.theyC.theirD.themExcuseme.Canyoumywatch,please?A.lookB.looklikeC.lookafterD.lookatLooktheblackboardandlistentheteacher.//B.at;toC.after;/D.on;after---Whosedressisthis?---It's.A.LucyB.Lucy'sC.JimD.Jim'sThegirlthepurplecoatishissister.A.atB.inC.onD.withThereisabirdthetree.A.inB.onC.toD.ofTherearemanyinourschool.A.womanteachersB.womanteacherC.womenteacherD.womenteachers---Isthereaballunderthedesk?A.Yes,itisB.Yes,there'sC.No,thereisn'tD.No,thereisTheresomebooksandapencilonthedesk.A.amB.isC.areD.be---Letmehelpyou.A.You'rewelcomeB.ThanksverymuchC.Don'tworryD.Yes,thanksoldmanisEnglishteacher.A.The;anB.An;anC.The;theD.A;a---Whatfiveplussix?---It'seleven.A.amB.isC.areD./---Whatyouseeinthepicture?---Icanseesomeflowers.A.mustB.canC.areD.do二.完形填空ThisisapictureofKats1.Whatcanwe2inthepicture?Look3it,please.Theman4theblackcoatisKatesfather,Mr.Green.The5intheredsweaterisMrs.Green.They6young.ThebabyisKate.ThelittleboyisKate's7,Jim.___8themanbehindMrs.Green?Oh,he's9_brother,Mr.Read.He10young,too.A.familiesB.familyC.parentsD.brothersA.lookB.doC.seeD.putA.atB.afterC.forD.upA.onB.ofC.inD.toA.manB.girlC.womenD.womanA.areB.isC.looklikeD.lookingA.sisterB.brotherC.fatherD.auntA.What'sB.Where'sC.Who'sD.HowisA.hisB.herC.ourD.theirA.looksB.amC.lookD.very三?在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語(B)Howareyou?A.IaminRow6.Canyouspellit,please?B.Fine,thankyou.Howdoyoudo?C.Yes,b-o-o-k,book.Whatrowareyouin?D.Itisten.What'stwopluseight?E.Nicetomeetyou,too.Nicetomeetyou.F.Iam14.Howoldareyou?G.WangPingis.Who'snothere?H.It'shere.Whereisthebag?I.It'sabook.WhatisthisinEnglish?J.Howdoyoudo?四.完成對(duì)話：在對(duì)話后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處Jim:Excuseme,Ann.Whoseblackdogisthis?Isityours?Ann:Letmehavealook.1.Ithinkit'sSam's.Mydogisbrown.Jim:Sam,lookatthedogbehindthetree.2?Sam:Sorry,itisn'tmine.Mydogisblackandwhite.IthinkitlookslikeMary's.Jim:3?Sam:She'smyfriend.Look!She'soverthere.Let'sgoandaskher.Jim:4.Sam:Hi,Mary!Isthatdogyours?Mary:5.Sam:It'salovelydog!Don'tloseit!Mary:Yes,thankyou.Who'sMaryOK,let'sgoOh,noit'snotmineOh,yes.It'smineIsityours五.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(He)penisin(I)pencil-box.(You)shoes(be)underthebed.(Who)newruleristhis?---Arethesetrousers(you)?---No,theyaren't(we)It'stime(go)andplaygames.Thisismypen.Pleasegiveitto(I).Ihavetwo(baby).Look!Thatisa(China)car.Itis(myteacher)sweater.Nowher(parent)areinAmerica.六?閱讀理解(A)Bobwasborninabigandrichfamily.Hisfatherisauniversityprofessor.HeteachesAmericanhistory.Hismotherisaverycapablewoman.Sheisthemanagerofabigcompany.Sheearnsalotofmoney,ofcourse.Bobhastwosistersandabrother.Hiseldersister,Jenny,isfourteen.Shestudiesinamiddleschool.Hisyoungersister,Ann,isten.Shestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.Shehasaverygoodmemory.Sheisclever.Hisyoungerbrother,Dick,isonlysix.Hehasjuststartedgoingtoschool.Bobgetsonwellwithhisfamily.Heisongoodtermsnotonlywithhisparents,butalsowithhissistersandbrother.(haveafriendlyrelationshipwithsb.)Heis,inaword,anappleintheireyes.根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答“A",錯(cuò)誤的答“B”Bobwasborninasmallandrichfamily.Hehastwobrothersandasister.Therearefivepeopleinhisfamily.Dickisonlysix.Hestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.“Heisanappleintheireyes”means“Theylovehimverymuch”.(B)Lookattheclotheslineinthetwins'bedroom.Therearesomeclothesonit.Youcanseeagreenblouseandayellowskirt.Thetrousersontheclotheslineareblack.Theyarenotnewbutclean.AretheyLily'sclothes?No.IknowtheyareLucy's.Lily'sclothesareonaclothestreenearthewindow.Hertrousersarebrown,herblouseiswhiteandherskirtisblue.Thereisanewhatontheclothestree,butit'snotLily's,it'sLucy's.ThereisanoldhatonLucy'sbedintheroom,it'sLily's.Therearenoclothesontheotherbed,thebedisLily's.Whatcanyouseeinthebedroom?Icansee.A.aclotheslineB.atreeC.abedWhatcolourareLucy'strousers?Theyare.A.greenB.blackC.brownTOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhereisLucy'shat?It'son.A.theclothestreeB.theclotheslineC.lily'sbedHowmanybedsarethereintheroom?.A.onlyoneB.threeC.twoArethereanythingsonLily'sbed?.Yes,thereisahatonitNo,thereisnotanythingonitSorry,Idon'tknow(C)It'safineSundaymorning.Annandhermotherareinabigbus.Therearemanypeopleinit.SomeofthemcomefromAmerica,andsomecomefromEnglandandCanada.Theyarealltheirfriends.TheyaregoingtotheGreatWall.TherearetwoChineseinthebus.Oneiswoman.Sheisdrivingthebus.Theotherisayoungman.HespeaksgoodEnglish.HeisnowtalkingabouttheGreatWall.Theotherpeoplearealllisteningtohim.TheyliketheGreatWall.Theywanttoseeitverymuch.AnnandmotheraregoingtotheGreatWall.A.bybikeB.bycarC.byplaneD.bybusTOC\o"1-5"\h\zThereare.A.onlyoneChineseinthebusB.onlytwoChineseinthebusC.onlytwoChineseonthebikeD.onlyoneChineseinthecarThedriveris.A.amanB.awomanC.aCanadianD.anAmericanThepeople.A.aresingingB.aretalkingC.arelisteningD.arelookingatthewallThey.A.canseetheGreatWallB.canspeakEnglishverywell.C.wanttotalkwiththemanverymuchD.wanttoseetheGreatWallverymuch初一年級(jí)(下)【知識(shí)梳理】重點(diǎn)短語abottleofalittlealot(of)alldaybefrombeovercomebackcomefromdoone'shomeworkdotheshoppinggetdowngethomegetto5goshoppinghaveadrinkofhavealookhavebreakfasthavelunchhavesupperlistentonot...atallput...awaytakeoffthrowitlikethatwouldlikeinthemiddleofthedayinthemorning/afternoon/eveningonafarminafactoryn.重要句型Letsb.dosth.Couldsb.dosth.?wouldlikesth.wouldliketodosth.Whataboutsomethingtoeat?Howdoyouspell...?MayIborrow...?血交際用語—Thanksverymuch!—You'rewelcome.Putit/themaway.What'swrong?Ithinkso.Idon'tthinkso.Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.What'syourfavouritesport?Don'tworry.11.1'm(not)goodatbasketball.Doyouwantago?That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.Doyouhaveadictionary/anydictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon'thaveanyCDs.---Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?---It'sMonday.---MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please?---Certainly.Hereyouare.---Whereareyoufrom?---FromBeijing.What'syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?---Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)---No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)---Whatdoesyourmotherlike?---Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.---Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?---Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.---Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?---Hegoestobedat10:00.IV.重要語法1?人稱代詞的用法；祈使句；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法；4?動(dòng)詞have的用法；5?—般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；6?可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】1.That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That'sright意為“對(duì)的"，表示贊同對(duì)方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如："Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。""That'sright."或"You'reright.""說得對(duì)"。That'sallright?意為"不用謝”、"沒關(guān)系"，用來回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。例如："Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright?意為"行了”、“可以"，表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit.""請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。""Allright.""好吧。"Isyourmotherallright?你媽身體好嗎make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做"，但含義卻不同，不能混用°make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？He'sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作業(yè)。say/speak/talk/tellsay:是最口語化的最普通的一個(gè)詞，意為“說出”、“說道"，著重所說的話。如："Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他說，"我要坐汽車至U那里去?！盤leasesayitinEnglish.請(qǐng)用英語說。speak:“說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞（即后面不能直接接賓語）。如：Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能說說他的情況？Idon'tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜歡這樣說話。speak作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語言等連用，表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語說得好。talk:與speak意義相近，也著重說話的動(dòng)作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞，不過，talk暗示話是對(duì)某人說的，有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.我想跟他談那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell:“告訴"，除較少情況外，-般后面總接雙賓語。如：He'stelling