考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西師范大學(xué)漓江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西師范大學(xué)漓江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Nyearguesthattheinterestsoftheinternationalcommunityarenotillusory,thattheyare（）ofournationalinterests,whichcannotbeachievedwithouthelpfromothernations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.particle

B.partandparcel

C.particles

D.partsandparcels

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析和固定搭配。particle“顆?！?；partandparcel“必要部分”；particles“顆粒（復(fù)數(shù)）”；沒(méi)有partsandparcels用法。句意：Nye認(rèn)為國(guó)際社會(huì)的利益并不是幻影，它們是我們國(guó)家利益的必要部分，沒(méi)有沒(méi)有其他國(guó)家的幫助，無(wú)法達(dá)到目的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash.Virtuallyallfinancial（

）willbeconductedbycomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transactions

B.transmissions

C.transitions

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transaction“業(yè)務(wù)，交易”；B選項(xiàng)transmission“傳送，傳播”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡，轉(zhuǎn)變，變遷”；D選項(xiàng)transformation“變化，改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變”。根據(jù)financial（財(cái)政的，金融的）可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：由于人們不需要攜帶大量現(xiàn)金，走在街上會(huì)更安全，幾乎所有的金融交易都將由計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。

3.翻譯題

Technologyisconstantlynarrowingthegapbetweensciencefictionandreality,bringingfundamentalchangesintoourlives.AccordingtoIBMresearchers,infiveyearswewon’tneedpasswords,won’tbebotheredbyjunkmailandwillbeabletocontrolmanyofourmachineswithourminds.TheAmericantechnologycompanyreleasedits6thannualFive-in-Five,alistoffiveinnovationsthefirmexpectstoseewithinfiveyears.Oneofthemwillenableustogeneratesmallamountsofenergytosupplementtheelectricpowerweuseinourhomes.“Youcandomicro-electronicgeneration,”saysBernieMeyerson,vicepresidentofInnovationatIBM.“Forinstance,youcanhavesomebodyinthethirdworldwhohasaccesstoaphoneorasmartphone,butdoesn’thaveaccesstoapowergrid,whichisaverycommonthingandliterallyinashoehassomethingthatrecoversenergyfromwalkingandcanchargethebatterytoenablethatpersontoactuallybecomeconnectedwiththerestoftheworld.”

【答案】答：

日新月異的科技不斷縮小科幻小說(shuō)和科學(xué)事實(shí)之間的差距，還給我們的生活帶來(lái)了根本上的改變。根據(jù)IBM研究人員的預(yù)測(cè)，5年內(nèi)我們就不再需要密碼，也不再會(huì)被垃圾電郵打攪，我們還能用我們的思維操控許多機(jī)器。美國(guó)科技公司IBM日前公布了第6次的“未來(lái)5年5大科技預(yù)測(cè)”，這是IBM預(yù)測(cè)我們將在未來(lái)5年看見(jiàn)的5大科技創(chuàng)新。其中一項(xiàng)將使我們能產(chǎn)生小量能源供給家戶(hù)電力。IBM創(chuàng)新部門(mén)的副主管梅爾森說(shuō)：“你可以進(jìn)行小容量的發(fā)電。例如，第三世界的某個(gè)人有一部手機(jī)或智慧型手機(jī)，但卻沒(méi)有電力供應(yīng)，這是很常見(jiàn)的事。在他的鞋里面裝上靠走路發(fā)電的裝置，他的手機(jī)隨時(shí)能充電，使這個(gè)人真正跟全世界聯(lián)結(jié)了起來(lái)?！?/p>

4.單選題

Iran’spossibleacquisitionofnuclearweaponsisaseriousmatter,butitdoesnot____militaryaction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compromise

B.ease

C.accommodate

D.justify

【答案】C

【解析】句間邏輯中的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)compromise“妥協(xié)，折中”；B選項(xiàng)ease“減輕，緩解”；C選項(xiàng)accommodate“給……提供方便”；D選項(xiàng)justify“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)?；替……辯護(hù)”。句意：雖然伊朗可能擁有核武器是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，但這不____軍事行動(dòng)。根據(jù)but推斷，前后兩句意思發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，前半句表達(dá)的是問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，那么后半句表達(dá)的是這件嚴(yán)重的事情還算好的一面，C選項(xiàng)accommodate“給……提供方便”符合語(yǔ)境，句意為“雖然伊朗可能擁有核武器是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，但它不用于軍事行動(dòng)”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

5.單選題

Thesegoodsaresoldatreducedprices,（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedefectsarepointedouttothecustomers

B.thedefectspointedouttothecustomers

C.thedefectshavebeenpointedouttothecustomers

D.thedefectsbeingpointedouttothecustomers

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。選項(xiàng)A，B，C結(jié)構(gòu)完整，如果放于句中缺少連詞，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.dilemma

D.premise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論，似是而非的論點(diǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)junction“連接，結(jié)合點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境，進(jìn)退兩難”；D選項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定”。句意：家長(zhǎng)們經(jīng)常面對(duì)這樣進(jìn)退兩難的境況：是做自己認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子發(fā)展好的事情還是繼續(xù)容忍孩子沒(méi)有規(guī)矩的吵鬧和破壞。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Todayinthetechno-societiesthereisanalmostironcladconsensusaboutthefutureoffreedom.Maximumindividualchoiceisregardedasthedemocraticideal.Yetmostwriterspredictthatweshallmovefurtherandfurtherfromthisideal.Theyconjureupadarkvisionofthefuture,inwhichpeopleappearasmindlessconsumercreatures,surroundedbystandardizedgoods,educatedinstandardizedschools,fedadietofstandardizedmassculture,andforcedtoadoptstandardizedstylesoflife.

Suchpredictionshavespawnedagenerationoffuturehatersandtechnophobes,asonemightexpect.OneofthemostextremeofthereisaFrenchreligiousmystic,JacquesEllul,whosebooksareenjoyingacampusvogue.AccordingtoEllul,manwasfarfreerinthepastwhen“Choicewasarealpossibilityforhim.”Bycontrast,today,thehumanbeingis“nolongerinanysensetheagentofchoice.”And,asfortomorrow,“Inthefuture,manwillapparentlybeconfinedtotheroleofarecordingdevice.”Robbedofchoice,hewillbeactedupon,notactive.Hewilllive,Ellulwarns,inatotalitarianstaterunbyavelvet-glovedGestapo.

ThissamethemethelossofchoicerunsthroughmuchoftheworkofArnoldToynbee.ItisrepeatedbyeveryonefromhippiegurustoSupremeCourtjustices,tabloideditorialistsandexistentialistphilosophers.Putinitssimplestform,thetheoryofVanishingChoicerestsonacrudesyllogism:scienceandtechnologyhavefosteredstandardization.Scienceandtechnologywilladvance,makingthefutureevenmorestandardizedthanthepresent.Ergo,manwillprogressivelylosehisfreedomofchoice.

Ifinsteadofblindlyacceptingthissyllogism,westoptoanalyzeit,however,wemakeanextraordinarydiscovery.Fornotonlyisthelogicitselffaulty,theentireideaispremisedonsheerfactualignoranceaboutthenature,themeaningandthedirectionofthesuper-industrialrevolution.

Certainly,itwouldbedifficulttodenythatindustrialismhashadalevelingeffect.Ourabilitytoproducemillionsofnearlyidenticalunitsitthegrowingachievementoftheindustrialage.Thus,whenintellectualsbewailthesamenessofourmaterialgoods,theyaccuratelyreflectthestateofaffairsofunder-industrialism.

Inthesamebreath,however,theyrevealshockingignoranceaboutthecharacterofsuper-industrialism.Focusedonwhatsocietywas,theyareblindedtowhatitisfastbecoming,forthesocietyofthefuturewilloffernotarestricted,standardizedflowofgoods,butthegreatestvarietyofunstandardizedgoodsandservicesanysocietyhaseverseen.Wearemovinggottowardsafurtherextensionofmaterialstandardization,buttowardsitsdialecticalnegation.

Theendofstandardizationisalreadyinsight.However,thepacevariesfromindustrytoindustry,andfromcountrytocountry.

1.Thepredictionsaboutthefuturemadebymanywriters,intheauthor’sopinion,are（）.

2.TheauthorgivestheworksofJacquesEllulandArnoldToynbeeasexamplestoprovethat（）.

3.Bysaying“Inthefuture,manwillapparentlybeconfinedtotheroleofarecordingdevice”(Paragraph2),Ellulimpliesthathe(man)（）.

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardintellectualsinParagraph5and6isoneof（）.

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.optimistic

C.pleasing

D.reasonable

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.agenerationoffuturewillbecomehatersandtechnophobes

B.scienceandtechnologywillcertainlyadvance

C.manwillgraduallylosehisfreedomofchoice

D.scienceandtechnologywillmakethefuturemorestandardized

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.willrecordwhatotherpeoplesayandthenfollowthem

B.willimitateotherpeoplewhenhetakesactions

C.candowhateverhewishes

D.candonothingbutfollowothers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleinthefuturewilleventuallylosealloftheirfreedom.

B.Thesocietyofthefuturewillbecomemorestandardized.

C.Standardizationwilltakeapredominantpositioninthesocietyofthefuture.

D.Thesocietyofthefuturewillhaveadialecticaleffectofbothstandardizationandunstandardization.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Yetmostwriterspredictthatweshallmovefurtherandfurtherfromthisideal.Theyconjureupadarkvisionofthefuture…”，可知大多數(shù)作家預(yù)測(cè)，我們將離這一理想越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn)。他們對(duì)未來(lái)產(chǎn)生了一種黑暗的幻想?？膳袛喑鲎骷覍?duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)是悲觀的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“Suchpredictionshavespawnedagenerationoffuturehatersandtechnophobes,asonemightexpect.”，可知正如人們可能預(yù)期的那樣，這樣的預(yù)測(cè)催生了未來(lái)一代的仇恨者和技術(shù)恐懼癥患者。這是一個(gè)總的結(jié)論，作者在下文舉了JacquesEllul的例子來(lái)證明此觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Robbedofchoice,hewillbeactedupon,notactive.”，可知人們被剝奪了選擇的機(jī)會(huì)，他的行動(dòng)會(huì)變得被動(dòng)?？膳袛喑鋈藗冏兊脹](méi)有主動(dòng)權(quán)，只會(huì)跟隨別人。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Fornotonlyisthelogicitselffaulty,theentireideaispremisedonsheerfactualignoranceaboutthenature,themeaningandthedirectionofthesuper-industrialrevolution.”，可知因?yàn)椴粌H邏輯本身有缺陷，整個(gè)想法忽視了自然事實(shí)、超級(jí)工業(yè)革命的意義和方向。又根據(jù)第六段，“whenintellectualsbewailthesamenessofourmaterialgoods,theyaccuratelyreflectthestateofaffairsofunder-industrialism.”，可知當(dāng)知識(shí)分子哀嘆我們的物質(zhì)生活千篇一律時(shí)，他們所反應(yīng)的是那些工業(yè)落后的國(guó)家?？膳袛喑鲎髡邔?duì)知識(shí)分子持強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)的態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Wearemovinggottowardsafurtherextensionofmaterialstandardization,buttowardsitsdialecticalnegation.”，可知我們不是正在走向物質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，而是走向?qū)ξ镔|(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的辯證否定?？膳袛喑鑫磥?lái)的社會(huì)將會(huì)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的辯證影響。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhiteHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked‘thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasury,SecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Spelling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet，’’accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorJesseA.Helms(R-NC)andErnestF.Hollings(D-S.C)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheUS.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.

BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey'veheardsofarisn'tencouragingRepublicans,includingLott,saythat"thetimejustisn’tright”forthedeal.Translation:We'redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica'senemies.Beijing'sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won'thelp,either.

JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon'tbeeasy.AndRepublicans-withawink-saythatthey'lleventuallyembraceChina'sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmenity.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhiteHouse:Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

3.Whatdoesthesentence"Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,Detroit"convey?

4.WhoplaystheleadingpartinthedealinAmerica?

5.WhatwastheattitudeoftheRepublicanPartytowardChina'sentryintotheWTO?

A.ContradictoryB.AppreciativeC.Disapproving.D.Detestful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheContradictionbetweentheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty

B.OnChina’sentryintoWTO

C.Clintonwasright

D.BusinessLobbyistsControlCapitolHill

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Americawillmakeconcessions

B.AmericawillholdoutforabetterWTO

C.ClintonhastherighttosignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentry

D.DemocraticpartyapproveChina’sentryintotheWTO

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.PremierZhurejectedtheirrequirements.

B.Thethreeplacesoverdidcriticism.

C.Theywantedmoreprotection.

D.Theyareintrouble.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.WhiteHouse

B.Republicans

C.TheDemocraticParty

D.Businessmen.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Contradictory

B.Appreciative

C.Disapproving.

D.Detestful.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章的主旨句為:ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal(克林頓故意拖延以謀取更多的利益的決定是正確的)。

2.推斷題。題干問(wèn)的是從文章中推斷出什么。選項(xiàng)C:克林頓有簽署批準(zhǔn)中國(guó)入世之權(quán)。D：民主黨贊成中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)，這兩項(xiàng)都是事實(shí),因此排除。選項(xiàng)B:美國(guó)會(huì)故意拖延以求取得更好的條件。根據(jù)文章推斷這可能性小。推斷選項(xiàng)A(美國(guó)將會(huì)作出讓步)正確。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第五段，題干句子后一句:ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing(朱镕基拒絕開(kāi)放利潤(rùn)豐厚的中國(guó)證券市場(chǎng)，堅(jiān)持對(duì)美國(guó)電影和音樂(lè)實(shí)行“文化”限制。他還阻止了美國(guó)汽車(chē)制造商提供車(chē)隊(duì)融資)。因此A項(xiàng)(朱總理拒絕了他們的要求)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。通過(guò)文章內(nèi)容推斷商界在美國(guó)的交易中起主導(dǎo)作用。

5.態(tài)度方向。共和黨一開(kāi)始是反對(duì)的。第六段說(shuō)時(shí)間不對(duì)。最后一段共和黨一下子有所改變，他們最終將會(huì)接受中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織以表示對(duì)整體美國(guó)的好感。不管是商人院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)的作用，還是明確指出重開(kāi)談判的重要性。這一歷史事件太重要絕不能因黨爭(zhēng)而失去機(jī)會(huì)。共和黨縱然心中不愿，也不得不接受現(xiàn)實(shí)。心情是矛盾的。由此得出選擇A:矛盾。

9.單選題

Hundredsofpeople（

）ontheplaygroundforwatchingtheDragonLanternshow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contrived

B.conformed

C.conferred

D.converged

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contrive“發(fā)明，設(shè)計(jì)”；conform“符合，遵照”；confer“授予，給予”；converge“聚集”。句意：數(shù)百人聚集在廣場(chǎng)上看龍燈表演。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher（）attitudetowardcustomers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impartial

B.mild

C.hostile

D.opposing

【答案】C

【解析】impartial公正的；mild溫順的；hostile不友好的；opposing反對(duì)的。句意：因?yàn)槭圬泦T對(duì)顧客不友好的態(tài)度,

老板對(duì)她投去責(zé)備的目光。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.單選題

Badtravelingconditionshadseriously（）theirprogresstotheirdestinationinthat

region.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tugged

B.demolished

C.hampered

D.destroyed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:惡劣的旅行條件嚴(yán)重（）了他們到達(dá)該地區(qū)目的地的進(jìn)程。tug用力拖，拖拉；demolish毀壞，破壞；hamper妨礙，牽制；destroy毀滅，消滅。C符合句意。

12.單選題

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirstendeavortofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction—thefirmandtheconsumer—andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtoconsumers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid-1985whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!

1.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,______.

2.Whatwasthemainconcernofindustrialistsbeforethemarketingconceptwaswidelyaccepted?

3.InParagraph1,“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”means.

4.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?

5.Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aformofpersuasivesalesmanship

B.theconsumer-centeredapproach

C.makinggoodsavailableforpurchase

D.thequickmovementofgoods

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theneedsofthemarket

B.Thepreferencesofthedealer

C.Theefficiencyoftheproduction

D.Thesatisfactionoftheuser

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toredesignthesegoodforlarge-scaleproduction

B.totransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossible

C.tosellthelargestpossibleamountofgoods

D.todisposeofthesegoodsinlargequantities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteoftheconsumer

B.Consumers'tastesareoftendifficulttoplease

C.Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic

D.Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.itssocialimpact

B.itspossibleconsequence

C.itstheoreticalbasis

D.itsmaincharacteristic

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第三句話(huà)提到著眼于消費(fèi)者的方法被稱(chēng)為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)概念（Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第一段第二句話(huà)提到就在幾年前，大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要集中在產(chǎn)品的高效生產(chǎn)上（Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)persuasivesalesmanship(富有說(shuō)服力的推銷(xiāo)術(shù))可知moveasmuchofthosegoodsaspossible意味著是盡可能多地將物品推銷(xiāo)出去，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章最后一段提到可口可樂(lè)改變飲料的口味，但是最后不得不又恢復(fù)原來(lái)的口味這個(gè)例子（Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid-1985whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink）說(shuō)明迎合消費(fèi)者需求的重要性，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章主要講述了營(yíng)銷(xiāo)概念的特征——以消費(fèi)者需求為導(dǎo)向（eye-on-the-consumerapproach），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

Theyhavealwaysregardedamanof（）andfairnessasareliablefriend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.robustness

B.temperament

C.integrity

D.compactness

【答案】C

【解析】robustness健壯性,堅(jiān)固性;temperament氣質(zhì),性格,性情;integrity正直;compactness緊密,堅(jiān)實(shí)。句意：他們一直把正直而公平的人視作可靠的朋友。

14.單選題

Afterhydrogen,heliumisthesecondmostabundantelementintheuniverse.Buthowdoastronomersknowthat?ItmightseemthatthephilosopherAugusteComtewasonsolidgroundwhenhestatedin1844that,becauseoftheremotenessofthestars,wecouldneverknowtheirchemicalcomposition.Yetonlyafewyearslaterchemistsdiscoveredthatunderthepropercircumstanceseveryelementemitsacertaincombinationofcolorsoflightthatcanidentifyit,justasyourfingerprintscanidentifyyou.Byanalyzingthelightcomingfromstars,astronomershavebeenabletoidentifythedifferentchemicalelementsinthestarsandincosmicspace,aswellastheirrelativequantities.Itisaninterestinghistoricalnotethatheliumwasactuallyfoundonthesun,in1868,beforeitwasfoundonearth,inthe1890s.(ThenameheliumcomesfromtheGreekworldhellos,meaning“sun”)

Thecentralprincipleofchemistryisthatallmatteriscomposedofatoms.Theseatomsemitthecolorsoflightthatcharacterizeeachelement.Eachatomconsistsofanucleus,orpositivelychargedcore,andaroundthisnucleusareelectrons,whicharenegativelychargedparticles.Thecharacteristiclightemittedbyanatomgivesusinformationaboutthearrangementofelectronsabouttheatomicnucleus.Thisarrangementdeterminesthechemicalpropertiesoftheatom.

Theatomicnumberofanelementisthenumberofprotonsinthenucleusofoneofitsatoms.Theatomicnumberisafundamentalproperty,becauseitalsoequalsthenumberofelectronsaroundthenucleusinthenormal(electricallyneutral)atom,andtheseelectronsdeterminetheatom’schemicalproperties.Theperiodictableoftheelements(thatis,theirarrangementintotherowsandcolumnsbasedontheirchemicalandphysicalproperties)isaresultofthewaytheelectronsarearrangedintheatoms,andthisarrangementorstructuredependsonthenumberofelectronsandthusontheatomicstructure.

1.Inthispassage,fundamentalmeans（）.

2.Theauthor’spurposeinthispassageisto（）.

3.AugusteComtesaidthatwecouldneverknowthecompositionofthestarsbecausetheyare（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,acentralprincipleofchemistryisthat（）.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（）.

6.Theorganizationalpatternofthefirstparagraphofthispassageis（）.

7.Theauthorexplainsthecharacteristicpatternofcoloremittedbyeachelementbycomparingthispatternto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.first

B.heavy

C.basic

D.early

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.persuade

B.inform

C.entertain

D.tellastory

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.movingawayfromus

B.veryfaraway

C.veryhot

D.madeofhelium

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.differentatomsemitdifferentcoloroflight

B.thesuncontainshelium

C.theatomicnumberisafundamentalproperty

D.allmatteriscomposedofatoms

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B.poetic

C.hostile

D.opinionated

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.chronologicalorder

B.spatialorder

C.definition

D.exampleillustration

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.thescalesofafish

B.thefeathersofabird

C.afootprint

D.afingerprint.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:D

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文可知“fundamentalproperty”指基本性質(zhì)，fundamental意為“基礎(chǔ)的，基本的”，basic也表示“基本的”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是從客觀公正的角度描述事實(shí)，講述化學(xué)物質(zhì)氦的構(gòu)成及其性質(zhì)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“becauseoftheremotenessofthestars,wecouldneverknowtheirchemicalcomposition.”由于星星距離遙遠(yuǎn)，我們永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法知道它們的化學(xué)成分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thecentralprincipleofchemistryisthatallmatteriscomposedofatoms.”化學(xué)的核心原則是所有的物質(zhì)都是由原子構(gòu)成的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文可知，本文主要是從客觀公正的角度描述事實(shí)，所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀的，選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段是用舉例說(shuō)明的方法來(lái)介紹氦元素的發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)程，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。chronologicalorder時(shí)間順序；spatialorder空間順序；definition下定義；exampleillustration舉例說(shuō)明。

7.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“underthepropercircumstanceseveryelementemitsacertaincombinationofcolorsoflightthatcanidentifyit,justasyourfingerprintscanidentifyyou.”在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下，每一種元素都會(huì)發(fā)出一種特定的光的顏色組合來(lái)識(shí)別它，就像你的指紋可以識(shí)別你一樣。由此可知，作者是將光和指紋進(jìn)行對(duì)比，選項(xiàng)D正確。

15.單選題

Thetwoarticlesarousesuspicion.Thetheory?Thenovel?Sincethereisnosuchthingasthenovel,howcantherebeasingletheory?