考研考博-英語-宜春幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜春幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Onthelocallevel,tradition,（）throughcustoms,rituals,education,andthecountlessformsofactivitythatconstitutesocialbehavior,bolsteredstabilityanddiscouragedtendenciestowardchange.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spelledout

B.manifested

C.given

D.explained

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)spellout“講清楚”；B選項(xiàng)manifest“呈現(xiàn)，顯示”；C選項(xiàng)given“被給予”；D選項(xiàng)explain“解釋”。根據(jù)空格后文的內(nèi)容，傳統(tǒng)通過這些形式進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)，可推測(cè)B選項(xiàng)符合題干內(nèi)容。句意：在地方層面上，傳統(tǒng)……通過習(xí)俗、儀式、教育和無數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成社會(huì)行為的活動(dòng)，鞏固了穩(wěn)定，阻礙了變革的趨勢(shì)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

世界上最幸福的十種工作很多職場(chǎng)新人都曾夢(mèng)想找到一份理想工作，做喜歡的事，享受那份喜悅。而現(xiàn)實(shí)往往不盡人意，人們總是抱怨著自己的工作。本文為你盤點(diǎn)了十種最幸福的工作。

神職人員：最不諳世事的工作據(jù)說是最幸福的工作。

消防員：消防員的工作能給人們提供幫助，而80%的消防員都表示對(duì)自己的工作“非常滿意”。

理療師:社會(huì)互動(dòng)和幫助他人明顯使得這份工作是最幸福的工作之一。

作家：對(duì)于大多數(shù)作家來說，他們的報(bào)酬少得可憐，或者根本沒有，但是寫下自己心中所想顯然會(huì)帶來快樂。

特殊教育老師：如果你不在乎金錢，特殊教育老師這個(gè)工作或許是個(gè)幸福的職業(yè)。

教師：盡管當(dāng)前存在著教育經(jīng)費(fèi)和教室條件的問題，一般來說教師們還是感到自己的工作很幸福的。

這一職業(yè)繼續(xù)吸引著年輕的理想主義者，盡管有50%的新教師都在5年以內(nèi)選擇轉(zhuǎn)行了。

藝術(shù)家：雕刻家和畫家據(jù)稱是工作滿意度最高的職業(yè)，盡管在這一職業(yè)上謀生有著相當(dāng)大的困難。

心理學(xué)家：心理學(xué)家不一定能解決其他人的問題，但是似乎他們已經(jīng)解決了自己的問題。

金融理財(cái)銷售代理:據(jù)報(bào)道65%的金融理財(cái)銷售代理認(rèn)為自己的工作很幸福。這大概是因?yàn)樗麄冎械囊恍┤嗽谑娣霓k公環(huán)境中工作，每周工作40個(gè)小時(shí)，平均每年掙9萬多美元。

施工工程師：擺弄那些大型玩具可能是很有趣的，比如推土機(jī)、前載車、反鏟挖土機(jī)、刮土機(jī)、平地機(jī)、裝載機(jī)、起重機(jī)、大型水泵以及空氣壓縮機(jī)。同時(shí)施工工程師的工作供不應(yīng)求，這使他們感覺很幸福。

【答案】Formostauthors,thepayisridiculouslylowornon-existent,buttheautonomyofwritingdownthecontentsofyourownmindapparentlyleadstohappiness.

Despitethecurrentissueswitheducationfundingandclassroomconditions,teachersingeneralreportbeinghappywiththeirjobs.

Thecareercontinuestoattractyoungidealists,although50percentofnewteacherswillswitchtoanotherjobwithinfiveyears.

Sculptorsandpaintersaresaidtobethemostsatisfiedjob,despitethegreatdifficultyinmakingalivingfromit.

Thatcouldhavethereasonthatsomeofthemareclearingmorethan$90,000dollarsayearonaveragefora40-hourworkweekinacomfortableofficeenvironment.

3.單選題

I’mafraidourfoodstockwillbe___beforelong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putup

B.stayedup

C.savedup

D.usedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)putup“提供；建造；舉起；提高；推舉，提名；供給……住宿；直接行動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)stayedup“不睡覺，熬夜”；C選項(xiàng)savedup“儲(chǔ)蓄；貯存”；D選項(xiàng)usedup“用完，耗盡”。句意：恐怕我們的食物儲(chǔ)備不久就會(huì)___。本句表達(dá)“不久就會(huì)用完事物”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Itiseasiertogetdivorcedtodaythanintimespast,butitisnolesspainful.Studieshaveshownthatbothmenandwomensuffersignificantstressattwokeypoints:beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation.Poorhealth,difficultyinsleepingandworking,loneliness,depression,anxiety,loweredself-esteem,andimpairedmemoryareallassociatedwiththedivorceprocess.Intheirstudyof252menandwomencurrentlyundergoingadivorce,DavidA.ChiribogaandLoraineCutlerfoundthatmenweremorevulnerabletostressthanwomen.Atthesametime,closeto50percentofbothmenandwomenreportedthattheyfeltsomereliefasaresultofhavinginitiatedthedivorceprocess.

Thechildrenofacoupleplanningtodivorcealsoshareinthepain,especiallyimmediatelyfollowingtheseparation.Intheirstudyoffamilybreakup,JudithS.WallersteinandJoanB.Kellyfoundthatparentsrarelypreparetheirchildrenforthecomingcrisis,nordotheyprovidethemwiththenecessaryassurancesthattheywillbecaredfor.Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems,theparentsareofteninsensitivetotheirchildren'sanger,fearorperplexity.Whendivorcenecessitatesthatthemothergotowork,thechildmaybeplacedinunfamiliarchildcarearrangements,andbothmotherandfatherbecomesubstantiallylessavailable.Thefirstyearfollowingadivorceistypicallythemoststressfulfortheparentsandforthechild.Inthelongrun,however,divorceisnotnecessarilypsychologicallydamagingtochildren,particularlywhenbothparentsremainaccessibleandloving.

Whateverthepainthatdivorceinflicts,itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage.Afourthofthepeoplewhogetdivorcedareremarriedwithintheyear,and75percentremarrywithinnineyearsofdivorce.Aboutfiveofeverysixdivorcedmenandthreeofeveryfourdivorcedwomenmarryagain.Onereasonthatmenaremorelikelytoremarrythanwomenisthatmentypicallymarryyoungerwomen.Whenweconsiderthatbyagetwenty-sevenwomenbeginoutnumberingmen,wecanseehowmiddle-agedandoldermenhavealargerpoolofpotentialpartnersfromwhichtochoosethandowomen.Insum,whilemarriagemaybedifficulttosustain,itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle.

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen（）

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren'sangerandfearbecause（）.

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildren

B.thepropertyisdivided

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorce

D.goingtoacourt

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisis

B.theyareundergreatstress

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblems

D.theyhavetoliveontheirown

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparents

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple'spersonalproblemsaresettled

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerate

D.Childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.25%

B.75%

C.8%

D.27%

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，當(dāng)女性______時(shí)，她們會(huì)承受巨大的壓力。

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildrenA.女性被迫離開她們的孩子

B.thepropertyisdividedB.財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorceC.決定離婚

D.goingtoacourtD.上法庭

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞womensuffersignificantstress可定位到第一段第二句“研究表明，男人和女人都在兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻承受著巨大的壓力，即在決定離婚之前和最后分居的時(shí)候（beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation）”。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“女性被迫離開她們的孩子”、B項(xiàng)“財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割”和D項(xiàng)“上法庭”都沒提到，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren’sangerandfearbecause______.2.離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，因?yàn)開_____。

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisisA.他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足

B.theyareundergreatstressB.他們的壓力很大

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblemsC.他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了

D.theyhavetoliveontheirownD.他們必須靠自己生活

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞children’sangerandfear定位到第二段的第三句“父母往往被自己的個(gè)人問題所困擾（Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems），所以對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷”。理解可知，離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，是因?yàn)楦改副蛔约旱膫€(gè)人問題所困擾，C項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了”與原文一致。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足”和B項(xiàng)“他們的壓力很大”在文中有提及，但不是對(duì)孩子的憤怒等情緒無動(dòng)于衷的原因，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“他們必須靠自己生活”在文中沒有原文依據(jù)，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat______.3.從這篇文章中我們可以知道______。

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparentsA.離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple’spersonalproblemsaresettledB.如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerateC.盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎

D.childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorcedD.父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句話“不管離婚會(huì)帶來怎樣的痛苦，它似乎不會(huì)讓人們對(duì)婚姻制度感到厭惡（itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage）”以及最后一句話“盡管婚姻難以維持，但它肯定不會(huì)過時(shí)（itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle）”，從notgoingoutofstyle（不過時(shí)）可推測(cè)，盡管離婚率升高，但結(jié)婚依然很流行。C項(xiàng)“盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大”，第二段雖然提到“離婚后的第一年對(duì)父母和孩子來說通常是壓力最大的一年”，但并沒有孩子與父母受到傷害之間的比較，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的”，由第二段可知，文中提到父母總是忙于自己的個(gè)人問題，往往對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷，但是并沒有個(gè)人問題解決，家庭就不會(huì)破碎的相關(guān)說法，該項(xiàng)無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛”從第二段最后一句話“然而，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，離婚并不一定會(huì)對(duì)孩子造成心理傷害，尤其是當(dāng)父母雙方都能保持親近和關(guān)愛的時(shí)候”可知，離婚會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子失去關(guān)愛不是必然事件，而是在于父母的態(tài)度，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章，再婚的男性比再婚的女性高_(dá)_____。

A.25%A.25%

B.75%B.75%

C.8%C.8%

D.27%D.27%

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】由題干關(guān)鍵詞thepercentageofremarrying定位到本文最后一段的第三句“大約六分之五的離婚男性和四分之三的離婚女性會(huì)再婚”，所以六分之五減去四分之三等于十二分之一，約等于8%。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“25%”是離婚者再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“75%”是離婚女性再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“27%”沒有提到，無中生有。

5.單選題

Thesuggestionthatthemayor（

）theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldpresent

B.present

C.presents

D.oughttopresent

【答案】B

【解析】語法（虛擬語氣）題。suggestion做主語的句子，是虛擬語氣的用法，從句用should+動(dòng)詞原型，should可以省略。所以省略should的B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Hedoesn’tdriveyet,buthewants（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theowncar

B.thecarofhisown

C.anowncar

D.acarofhisown

【答案】D

【解析】考查own和冠詞的用法。own用作代詞時(shí)是限定代詞，用在所有格之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物的個(gè)人所有或私人性質(zhì)；需要和of連用。因此可以排除AC選項(xiàng)，句中的車是泛指，并非特指，可排除B選項(xiàng)，句意：他還不會(huì)開車，但他想要一輛自己的車。故選D。

7.單選題

Thereiscompellingevidencethatpollutionisresponsibleformanydeadlydiseases,suchascancer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincing

B.controversial

C.consistent

D.contradictory

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.convincing有說服力的B.controversial有爭(zhēng)議的

C.consistent始終如一的，一致的D.contradictory矛盾的，對(duì)立的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原詞compelling修飾證據(jù)，意為“令人信服的，有說服力的”，A選項(xiàng)convincing“有說服力的”與該詞意義最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。

【句意】有令人信服的證據(jù)表明，污染是許多致命疾病的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，如癌癥。

8.單選題

Hisuseofcolor,lightandformquicklydepartedfromtheconventionalstyleofhis（）ashedevelopedhisowntechnique.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析題。A:descendant“后代”；B:predecessor“前輩”；C:successor“繼任者，繼承人”；D:ancestor“祖先”。句意：隨著他發(fā)展自己的技術(shù)，他對(duì)顏色、光線和形式的使用迅速地背離了他前輩的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格。結(jié)合句意，故B為正確答案。

9.單選題

Theyoungshouldbe（

）totheold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectable

B.respectful

C.respected

D.respective

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的”；B選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；D選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”。句意：年輕人應(yīng)該恭敬的對(duì)待老人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesrelyonit,andconsumersdependonitfromthetimetheywaketotheirclockradiostothemomenttheyturnofftheirTVsandfallasleep.Forthepastcentury,despiterisingpricesandoccasional“crises”—moreoftenthannotmanufacturedeventsresultingfrompoliticaloreconomicforces—therehasalwaysbeenenoughoilavailabletokeeptheenginesofglobalgrowthhumming.Butthatisaluxuryofthepast.Inthefuture,anewanduncertainenergyageisemerging.

【答案】幾年前，一位前沙特石油部長(zhǎng)發(fā)表了這一預(yù)言，后來成為人們經(jīng)常引用的預(yù)言：“石器時(shí)代并沒有因?yàn)槿鄙偈^而結(jié)束，石油時(shí)代將在世界石油枯竭之前結(jié)束。”他哀痛地承認(rèn)，清算的日子即將到來，全球財(cái)富與權(quán)力的平衡將會(huì)被改變。地理上的意外收獲使廣袤空曠的沙特沙漠成為地球上最重要商品的最重要的來源。但是，美好的時(shí)光不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去，他很清楚這一點(diǎn)。

如果你追溯到足夠久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代，你可以將國家的安全和繁榮、企業(yè)甚至個(gè)人都能與能源聯(lián)系起來。在我們這個(gè)依賴石油的世界上，在很大程度上，這意味著石油政府依賴于石油而起起落落，軍隊(duì)依賴于它而運(yùn)行，公司依賴它，消費(fèi)者也依賴它，當(dāng)他們從收音機(jī)的鬧鐘中醒來的時(shí)候，直到他們關(guān)掉電視睡著的那一刻。在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，盡管價(jià)格不斷上漲，偶爾也會(huì)發(fā)生危機(jī)，但往往是政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)力量造成的事件，使得總有足夠的石油供應(yīng)提供動(dòng)力，來維持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。但這是過去的奢侈。未來，一個(gè)新的、不確定的能源時(shí)代正在形成。

11.單選題

Shelookedcloselyatthepictureforalongtime（

）everydetailinit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jeopardizing

B.visualizing

C.dissecting

D.scrutinizing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。jeopardize意為“危及，損害”；visualize意為“使形象化，想象，構(gòu)思”；dissect意為“解剖(人或動(dòng)植物)，仔細(xì)研究”；scrutinize意為“仔細(xì)檢查，細(xì)致審查”。

由空格后的“everydetail（每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)）”可知D選項(xiàng)更為恰當(dāng)。

句意：她近距離看了這幅畫很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，仔細(xì)觀察了其中的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。

12.單選題

Thetwinbrothersshowedgreat（）totheirstepsister,whohadactedasamothertothemformanyyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compliance

B.devotion

C.subjection

D.allegiance

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這對(duì)孿生兄弟對(duì)多年來一直擔(dān)任著母親角色的異胞姐姐表現(xiàn)出極大的忠誠。

考查名詞辨析。compliance順從，服從；devotion忠誠，摯愛，信仰，崇拜；subjection隸屬，服從，征服；allegiance效忠，忠誠。故B符合句意。

13.單選題

Themethodofsciencedoesnotseektoimposethedesiresandhopesofmenuponthefluxofthingsinacapriciousmanner.Itmayindeedbeemployedtosatisfythedesiresofmen.Butitssuccessfulusedependsuponseeking,inadeliberatemanner,andirrespectiveofwhatmen’sdesiresare,torecognize,aswellastotakeadvantageof,thestructurewhichthefluxpossesses.

Consequently,scientificmethodaimstodiscoverwhatthefactstrulyare,andtheuseofthemethodmustbeguidedbythediscoveredfacts.But,aswehaverepeatedlypointedout,whatthefactsarecannotbediscoveredwithoutreflection.Knowledgeofthefactscannotbeequatedtothebruteimmediacyofoursensations.Whenourskincomesintocontactwithobjectshavinghightemperaturesorwithliquidair,theimmediateexperiencesmaybesimilar.Wecannot,however,concludewithouterrorthatthetemperaturesofthesubstancestouchedarethesame.Sensoryexperiencesetstheproblemofknowledge,justbecausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.

Everyinquiryarisesfromsomefeltproblem,sothatnoinquirycanevengetunderwayunlesssomeselectionorsiftingofthesubjectmatterhastakenplace.Suchselectionrequires,wehavebeenurgingallalong,somehypothesis,preconception,prejudice,whichguidestheresearchaswellasdelimitsthesubjectmatterofinquiry.Everyinquiryisspecificinthesensethatithasadefiniteproblemtosolve,andsuchsolutionterminatestheinquiry.Itisidletocollect“facts’’unlessthereisaproblemuponwhichtheyaresupposedtobear.

Theabilitytoformulateproblemswhosesolutionmayalsohelpsolveotherproblemsisararegift,requiringextraordinarygenius.Theproblemswhichmeetusindailylifecanbesolved,iftheycanbesolvedatall,bytheapplicationofscientificmethod.Butsuchproblemsdonot,asarule,raisefar-reachingissues.Themoststrikingapplicationsofscientificmethodaretobefoundinthevariousnaturalandsocialsciences.

The“facts”forwhicheveryinquiryreachesoutarepropositionsforwhosetruththereisconsiderableevidence.Consequentlywhatthe“facts”aremustbedeterminedbyinquiry,andcannotbedeterminedantecedentlytoinquiry.Moreover,whatwebelievetobethefactsclearlydependsuponthestageofourinquiry.Thereisthereforenosharplinedividingfactsfromguessesorhypotheses.Duringanyinquirythestatusofapropositionmaychangefromthatofhypothesistothatoffact,orfromthatoffacttothatofhypothesis.Everyso-calledfact,therefore,maybechallengedfortheevidenceuponwhichitisassertedtobeafact,eventhoughnosuchchallengeisactuallymade.

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe（）.

2.Thephrase“irrespectiveof”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

3.Theauthormentioned“Whenourskin…besimilar”inordertoshowthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestparaphrasethelastsentence“Itisidle…,tobear”inParagraph3?

5.AllofthefollowingstatementsareTRUEEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HypothesesandScientificMethod

B.EvidenceandScientificMethod

C.FactsandScientificMethod

D.SystemintheIdealofScience

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.regardlessof

B.irrelevantto

C.regarding

D.asregards

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thediscoveryoftruefactscouldnotoccurwithouttheoreticalanalysis

B.allimmediateexperiencesareimportantforscientificmethod

C.thefactsarebasedontheimmediateexperiences

D.knowledgeofthefactscannottakeplacewithoutoursensations

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Factscanbeeffectivelycollectedbeforewecanfeelsomeproblembearingonthem.

B.Collectingfactsshouldrelyonsomehypotheses.

C.Thereisnouseincollectingfactsifthereisnopossibilityofformulatingaproblembasedonthem.

D.Itisworthytocollectfactsifthereisnoproblemtowhichtheyareprobablyrelated.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.withoutcarefulthoughtswecannotdiscovertherealfacts

B.factswouldnotappeariftherewerenotheoreticalanalysisandinterpretation

C.itisnotdifficultforpeopletodistinguishthefactsfromguesses

D.itistoughforpeopletoformulateproblemsthatmayleadtoscientificinquiry

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“scientificmethodaimstodiscoverwhatthefactstrulyare,andtheuseofthemethodmustbeguidedbythediscoveredfacts.”，可知科學(xué)方法的目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)的真相，方法的使用必須以發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)為指導(dǎo)。概述了了科學(xué)方法和事實(shí)之間的關(guān)系。后面的文段對(duì)這個(gè)話題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)討論和闡述。所以本文的主題就是事實(shí)和科學(xué)方法。詳細(xì)C符合題意。

2.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Butitssuccessfulusedependsuponseeking,inadeliberatemanner,andirrespectiveofwhatmen’sdesiresare,torecognize,aswellastotakeadvantageof,thestructurewhichthefluxpossesses.”，可知科學(xué)方法的成功使用取決于以深思熟慮的方式，且不在考慮人的欲望的情況下，去識(shí)別和利用變遷的結(jié)構(gòu)。所以人們的欲望是不被考慮的。regardlessof意思是不管，不顧。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Knowledgeofthefactscannotbeequatedtothebruteimmediacyofoursensations.”，可知對(duì)事實(shí)的理解不能等同于我們感覺的無理的直接性。再根據(jù)第二段最后一句，“Sensoryexperiencesetstheproblemofknowledge,justbecausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.”，可知感覺經(jīng)驗(yàn)產(chǎn)生了知識(shí)問題，因?yàn)檫@種經(jīng)驗(yàn)是直接的，最后它必須通過反思分析才能促使知識(shí)的產(chǎn)生。所以作者用皮膚接觸高溫物體和液態(tài)空氣的例子來說明沒有理論分析就不能發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)的道理。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Itisidletocollect“facts’’unlessthereisaproblemuponwhichtheyaresupposedtobear.”，可知收集“事實(shí)”是徒勞的，如果它們沒有承載特定的需要被研究的問題。可推斷出如果沒有可能在收集事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上提出問題，那么收集事實(shí)就沒有任何用處。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“whatthefactsarecannotbediscoveredwithoutreflection.”，可推斷出沒有反思就不可能發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，“becausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.”，可推斷出因?yàn)檫@樣的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是直接的，最后必須通過反思分析來獲得知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Theabilitytoformulateproblemswhosesolutionmayalsohelpsolveotherproblemsisararegift,requiringextraordinarygenius.”，可知解決問題的能力可能也有助于解決其他問題，這需要非凡的天賦?？赏茢喑鋈藗兒茈y提出科學(xué)可探究的問題。選項(xiàng)D可排除。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Thereisthereforenosharplinedividingfactsfromguessesorhypotheses.”，可知事實(shí)與猜測(cè)或假設(shè)之間沒有明顯的界限?？赏茢喑鋈藗兒茈y區(qū)分事實(shí)與猜測(cè)，選項(xiàng)C與原文不符，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

______herinexperienceherfailuretosecurethecontractwasnotsurprising.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inviewof

B.Withregardto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Accordingto

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)Inviewof“鑒于，考慮到”；B選項(xiàng)Withregardto“至于”；C選項(xiàng)Byvirtueof“由于，憑借”；D選項(xiàng)Accordingto“按照”。句意：______她缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，她沒能簽署那份合同就不足為奇了。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)很大程度上讓她沒能簽成合同，A選項(xiàng)Inviewof“鑒于，考慮到”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Wehavetakenallthe（）wecanagainstthepaintingbeingstolen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precautions

B.admissions

C.concessions

D.transactions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precautions“預(yù)防措施”；B選項(xiàng)admissions“許可”；C選項(xiàng)concessions“讓步”；D選項(xiàng)transactions“交易”。句意：我們已采取了一切可能的預(yù)防措施以防那幅畫被盜。本句表示采取預(yù)防措施。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Whenwesoldourranchandmovedtotown,motherhaddecided______openadaynursery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)我們賣掉農(nóng)場(chǎng)搬到鎮(zhèn)上時(shí)，母親決定開一個(gè)日間托兒所。decidetodosth.是固定搭配，意為“決定做某事”。其他三項(xiàng)不能和decide搭配。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Therenaissanceofthefeministmovementduringthe1950sledtotheStasistschool,whichsidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomyandarguedthatfrontierwomenlivedlivessimilartothelivesofwomenintheEast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discounted

B.intensified

C.reaffirmed

D.dodged

【答案】D

【解析】句中的定語從句部分包含兩個(gè)并列動(dòng)作，一個(gè)是“sidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomy”，另一個(gè)是“認(rèn)為邊疆婦女的生活與東部婦女的生活相似”，后者沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)好與壞，第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞必然也表示相關(guān)聯(lián)含義。A選項(xiàng)discount“打折扣；貶損；低估”；B選項(xiàng)intensify“使加強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)reaffirm“重申”；D選項(xiàng)dodge“躲開；迅速讓開；逃避”。聯(lián)系句意可知，D選項(xiàng)“逃避”更合適，表示對(duì)好與壞二分法避而不談。

18.單選題

IthinkI’dliketostayhomethisevening（

）goingoutasitisrainingtooheavily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.betterthan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.soonerthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。betterthan“超過，多于，好于”；otherthan“除了，不同于”；ratherthan“而不是；寧可……也不愿”；soonerthan“早于”。句意：我今晚想待在家里，而不是出去，因?yàn)橥饷嫦麓笥?。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

19.單選題

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen's.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatterorfrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses-thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibresthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis"What?'*,and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforwordhanding,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetter

connections.

Butitisn'tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat"languagesubjects"andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan'tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassageitiscommonlybelievedthatbraindifferencesarecausedbyfactors（

）.

3."Thesedifferences"inparagraph5refertothosein（

）.

4.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorproposesmoreworkon（

）.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.biological

B.psychological

C.physical

D.social

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.skillsofmenandwomen

B.schoolsubjects□

C.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

D.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thefunctioningofpartofthebrain

C.th