考研考博-英語-山東理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Youhavenothingto_______byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gain

B.grasp

C.seize

D.earn

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)gain“獲益；得到（好處）”；B選項(xiàng)grasp“毫不猶豫地抓住（機(jī)會(huì)）；抓緊；理解”；C選項(xiàng)seize“把握（機(jī)會(huì)、時(shí)機(jī)、主動(dòng)等）；（常指通過暴力突然）奪取”；D選項(xiàng)earn“賺錢；博得”。句意：如果你不聽我們的建議，你就沒有什么_______。根據(jù)語境，這里是指如果不聽從建議，就得不到好處，所以gain“獲益；得到（好處）”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

Menliveinsocietynotbecausetheyaremen,butbecausetheyareanimals.Thesocialwayoflifeisastageintheevolutionoflifepriortotheappearanceofthehumanrace.

Whatisdistinctiveaboutmanisthathehaddevelopedsocialorganizationfarmorequicklythananyotheranimalspecies,sothatitisagiantstepincomplexitybetweenthemostelaboratenon-humansocietyandthemostelementarysocietyofmen.Humansocietysharescharacteristicswithanimalsocieties;itisformedbyagivenpopulationofindividuals,allbelongingtothesamespecies.Itshowsaninternalspecializationoftasks.Individualsinteractasmembersofthesamespeciesandpossessonecommonlanguagewhichsetsthemapartfromotherspecies.Thelevelofpopulationisperpetuatedbymeansofbiologicalreproductionandofconstantstruggleagainsttheenvironment.Similaritieslikethesebecameconspicuouswhenhumansocialorganizationiscomparedwiththatofotherprimates(靈長目).

【答案】【參考譯文】人類生活在社會(huì)中不是因?yàn)樗麄兪侨?，而是因?yàn)樗麄兪莿?dòng)物。社會(huì)性的生活方式是生命進(jìn)化中一個(gè)先于人類出現(xiàn)的階段。

人類的獨(dú)特之處在于他發(fā)展社會(huì)組織的速度要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于任何其他動(dòng)物物種，所以在區(qū)分最復(fù)雜的非人類社會(huì)和最初級(jí)的人類社會(huì)之間的復(fù)雜性方面，這是一大的進(jìn)步。人類社會(huì)和動(dòng)物社會(huì)具有相同的特點(diǎn)，它是由屬于同一物種的特定數(shù)量的個(gè)體組成；它顯示了任務(wù)的內(nèi)部具體化過程。個(gè)體作為同一物種的一部分相互接觸，擁有著共同的語言，而正是這種語言將他們與其他物種區(qū)分開來；通過生物繁衍和與環(huán)境的持續(xù)斗爭(zhēng)，人口數(shù)量基本保持不變。當(dāng)人類社會(huì)組織和其他靈長類動(dòng)物的社會(huì)組織作比較時(shí)，類似這樣的相同之處就變得明顯了。

3.單選題

Deathcomesquicklyinthemountains.Eachwinterholidaymakersarecaughtunawaresastheyhappilyskiawayfromthefixedruns,littlerealizingthatasmallavalanchecansendthemcrashinginabone-breakingfalldowntheslopeandleavethemburiedundertonsofcrispwhitesnow.Therearelotsoftheoriesabouthowtoavoiddisasterwhenhitbyanavalanche.Practiceisnormallylesscheerful.

ThesnowintheSalzburgofAustriawherearecentdisastertookplacewastypicalavalanchematerial.ForseveraldaysbeforetheincidentIhadskiedlocally.Earlywintersnowwaswearingthinandcoveredwithice.Ontopofthatnew,warmerflakesweregentlyfallingtoproduceadangerouscarpet.Totheskierwhoenjoysunmarkedslopesitistemptingstuff,deepnewpowersnowonahardbase—theskiingthatdreamsaremadeofandsometimesnightmares.

Snowfallsinsectionslikeacake.Differentsectionshavedifferentdensitiesbecauseofthetemperaturesatthetimeofthefallandintheweeksafterwards.Problemscomewhenanyparticularsectionistoothickandnotstickingtothesectionbeneath.ThesnowofthepastfewweekshadbeenfallinginratherhighertemperaturesthanthoseofDecemberandearlyJanuary.Theresultoftheseconditionsisthatevenaslightincreaseinthetemperaturessendsathinstreamofwaterbetweenthenewsnowandtheold.Thenthenewsnowsimplyslidesoffthemountain.

Suchslidesarenotunexpected.Localcitizensknowtheslopeswhichtendtoavalancheandtheweatherinwhichsuchslidesarelikely.Trapsaresettocatchthesnoworpreventitslipping;bombsareplacedandexplodedfromtimetotimetosetoffsmallavalanchesbeforeabigonehastimetobuildup;andaboveall,skiersarewarnednottoskiindangerareas.

Inspiteofthis,avalancheshappeninunexpectedareasand,ofcourse,skiersignorethewarnings.Theonecomforttorecreationalskiers,however,isthatavalancheincidentsonthemarkedskislopesarequiterare.Noskiresortwantstheimageofbeingadeathtrap.

1.Eachwinterholidaymakersinthemountainscomefacetofacewithdeathbecause（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,skiingconditionsintheSalzburgareaofAustriabeforetheaccidenthappenedwere（）.

3.Inareaswhereavalanchesareknowntohappen（）.

4.Althoughaccidentsdohappen,skierswillbereasonablysafeif（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyfailtorealizehowdangerousavalanchescanbe

B.theyarenotexpertenoughatskiingonthefixedruns.

C.theyaretryingtoavoidareaswhereavalancheshappen

D.theyskigreatdistancesdownthemountainsides

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.perfectfor,theinexperiencedskier

B.unsafebecausethenewsnowwascoveredwithice

C.typicalofconditionsresultinginavalanches

D.suitableonlyforskiinglocally

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.localresidentsstayindoorswhentheweatherisbad.

B.measuresaretakentopreventseriousavalanches

C.smallavalanchescaneasilybeprevented

D.skiersformthemselvesintoawalltokeepthesnowinposition

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theystayontheofficiallyapprovedslopes

B.theyskionlyforpleasure

C.theyskionlyatresorts

D.theychooselesscrowdedskislope.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句可知，每年的冬季假期，人們都在不知不覺中快樂地滑雪，遠(yuǎn)離了固定的滑雪道。他們幾乎沒有意識(shí)到，小小的雪崩會(huì)讓他們從山坡上摔下來，摔斷骨頭，被埋在數(shù)噸潔白的雪里。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“ThesnowintheSalzburgofAustriawherearecentdisastertookplacewastypicalavalanchematerial.”最近發(fā)生災(zāi)難的奧地利薩爾茨堡的雪是典型的雪崩性質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C與原文一致，所以正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裰廊菀装l(fā)生雪崩的斜坡和可能發(fā)生雪崩的天氣，人們通過設(shè)置陷阱和引爆炸彈的方法來防止雪崩；最重要的是警告滑雪者不要在危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域滑雪。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Theonecomforttorecreationalskiers,however,isthatavalancheincidentsonthemarkedskislopesarequiterare.”然而，讓休閑滑雪者感到安慰的是，在指定的滑雪場(chǎng)發(fā)生雪崩的事件相當(dāng)罕見。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.單選題

IthoughtthatProfessorLiebermann'sspeechatthefarewellbanquetwasverymarvelous.andsodidmostoftheotherpeoplethere,tojudgefromthevigorousapplauseitreceived.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.speechatthefarewellbanque

B.verymarvelous

C.andsodid

D.tojudgefromthevigorous

E.tojudgefromthevigorous

【答案】D

【解析】語法錯(cuò)誤。非謂語動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤。tojudgefrom改為judgingfrom。“tojudgefromthevigorousapplauseitreceived”這部分在句子中作方式狀語，故需要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式j(luò)udgingfrom。

5.單選題

Themanoverthereis（

）ourprincipal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nootherbut

B.noonethan

C.nootherthan

D.oneotherthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:那個(gè)男人正是我們的首長。

考查短語辨析。nootherthan和noneotherthan都有“正是”的意思，但noneotherthan語氣更強(qiáng)，還表示“驚奇、贊美、強(qiáng)調(diào)等語氣”,故選D。

6.單選題

AstronomersattheUniversityofCaliforniadiscoveredoneofthemostdistant（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxes

B.paradises

C.galaxies

D.shuttles

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)paradoxes“自相矛盾的事物”；B選項(xiàng)paradises“天堂”；C選項(xiàng)galaxies“星系”；D選項(xiàng)shuttles“班車”。句意：加利福尼亞大學(xué)的天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)最遙遠(yuǎn)的星系。本句表示天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)星系，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thetwopaintingsbythegreatartistembodythe（

）styleofthetimesandtheimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.iconoclastic

B.heterodoxy

C.recluse

D.phantasmal

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。iconoclastic打破舊習(xí)的；偶像破壞的；heterodoxy異端，異端邪說；recluse隱居的；phantasmal幻影的；幽靈的；空想的。句意：這位偉大的藝術(shù)家所作的這兩幅畫體現(xiàn)了這個(gè)時(shí)代（

）風(fēng)格和將徹底改變中國當(dāng)代藝術(shù)的沖動(dòng)。由theimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.這句中的transformChinesecontemporaryart“徹底改變中國當(dāng)代藝術(shù)”可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)具有打破舊習(xí)的意思，故答案為A。

8.單選題

Nowscientistscannotrealize（）soonthatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlysocomplete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.very

C.too

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】cannot...too...“無論怎樣……也不過分”“越……越好”。本句意為：“現(xiàn)有的科學(xué)知識(shí)并不像課本中所說的那么完善、肯定、不可改變，對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)科學(xué)家認(rèn)識(shí)得越早越好。”其他選項(xiàng)均無此搭配。

9.翻譯題

42.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(15’)

中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)（簡(jiǎn)稱“春晚”）自1983年開辦以來，已成為中國人文化生活中不可缺少的文化消費(fèi)品和一個(gè)揮之不去的文化符號(hào)。雖然眾口難調(diào)，但必須承認(rèn)的是，“春晚”已成為公眾所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不僅是一臺(tái)晚會(huì)，更是一種儀式與象征，一種文化與標(biāo)簽，一種情感與寄托。隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展及新媒體的出現(xiàn)，觀眾的選擇和需求日漸多樣化，“春晚”也在與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，以滿足大眾日益增長的文化需求。

【答案】【參考譯文】

TheCCTVSpringFestivalGala(SpringFestivalGalaforshort),whichwasstartedin1983,hasbecomeanindispensableculturalconsumerproductandaculturalsymbolintheculturallifeoftheChinesepeople.Thoughit’shardtosatisfythetastesofallthepeople,ithastobeadmittedthattheSpringFestivalGalahasbecomea“newcustom”forthepublicthattheycan’tlivewithout.TheSpringFestivalGalaismorethanagala;itisaritualandasymbol,acultureandalabel,andanemotionandaplacewherepeopleentrusttheirheartsto.Withthedevelopmentofthetimesandtheemergingofnewmedia,theaudiencesarehavingmorediversifiedchoicesanddemands.Corresponding,theSpringFestivalGalaisalsoadvancingwiththetimestosatisfythegrowingculturalneedsofthepeople.

10.單選題

Lawyersoftenmakehigher（）fortheworkthantheyshould.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bills

B.charges

C.costs

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)bills“賬單”；B選項(xiàng)charges“費(fèi)用”；C選項(xiàng)costs“成本”；D選項(xiàng)prices“價(jià)格”。句意：律師經(jīng)常收取比他們應(yīng)得的更高的費(fèi)用。makechargesfor是固定搭配，意思是“對(duì)……收費(fèi)；索價(jià)”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

I'msureyoursuggestionwill（

）theproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributetosolving

B.becontributedtosolve

C.contributetosolve

D.becontributedtosolving

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。contributeto后面要接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）oflessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在他們教師培訓(xùn)的第一年，學(xué)生們?yōu)榱擞^摩課程經(jīng)常參觀當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校。

考查名詞辨析。observation監(jiān)視，觀察；investigation調(diào)查，研究;inspection檢查，視察；examination檢查。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意，在此處表示“觀摩”。

13.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：父母經(jīng)常面臨這樣的

：是做自己認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子發(fā)展有利的事情還是坐視孩子毫無紀(jì)律的吵鬧和破壞。

junction接合點(diǎn)，會(huì)合點(diǎn)；paradox悖論，自相矛盾的人或事；premise前提，假設(shè)；dilemma困境，進(jìn)退兩難。空格后有“between...and...”，因此這里說的是父母在教育孩子時(shí)陷入進(jìn)退兩難的境況，D項(xiàng)dilemma符合句意。

14.單選題

It'softenhardtoseeyourmistakesasyou'remakingthem.Whenitcomestolivingarrangements,ahumdingerisbeingmadeinthiscountryrightnowandfewhavenoticedityet.

"Yikes!Thekidsaremovingbackin!"Thusgoesthemantraofthebabyboomgeneration,circa2007.Analystsestimatethatsome18minionadultsbetweentheagesof20and34livewiththeirparents.That'sroughlyathirdofthatagegroup.

Butlettingthekidsmovebackinisnotthesocietalerrorwe'retalkingabout.Instead,thebigmistakeistheloudlyvoicedchagrinoftheboomers.Mostmistakenlydecrythenotionoftheboomeranggeneration.Inordertofullyappreciatethedepthoftheerrorbeingmadehere,weallneedtostepbackabitandlookatthebiggerpicture.Thisepidemicofkidsmovingbackhomeisfirst,not"unprecedented,"andsecond,it'snotabadthing.Theprecedentforthistrendcanbefoundamongtheother6.2billionnon-Americansontheplanet,manyofwhomhappilylivewiththeiradultchildren,ofteninthree-generationhouseholds.

Thenthere'sthegrowingnumberofnon-AngloAmericans,includingmanyrecentimmigrants,whoseenoprobleminhavingadultkidscontributetothehousehold.Finally,theagrarianhistoryofthiscountrybeforeWorldWarIIallowedkidstoliveandworkaroundthefarmwellintoadulthood.

Adultkidsmovingbackhomeismerelythemostnoticeablesymptomofalarger,fundamentaltransformationofAmericansociety.Wearenationallybeginningtorecognizethecostsoftheindependencetheso-calledgreatestgenerationfoistedonus.Wecan'tblamethem.Theydidhavetogrowupfast.KidsintheirgenerationwentofftoWorldWarIIandgrewuponthebloodybeachesofdistantlands.

Afterthewar,thesurvivorshadfactoriestobuildandthewealthtobuytheirwhite-picket-fencedreamoutWest.Theydesignedasocialandfiscalsystemthathasservedtheirretirementyearsverywell.Buttheirhistoricallyuniqueretirementsystemmistakenlycelebratedindependenceandignoredthenaturalstateofhumanbeings—thatis,interdependence.

Moreover,theirsystembreaksdownwiththeonslaughtoftheirkids'retirement.Wecanalreadyseethepensionsystems,bothprivateandpublic,beginningtodisintegrateundertheweightofthebabyboomers.

Wearenowjuststartingtounderstandthesubstantialfiscalandpsychologicalcostsofseparatingthegenerationsintoso-calledsingle-familyhomeswiththeidealofamother,fatherandtwokids.Buttimeschangeandsodocultures.

Regardingboomerangkids,mostdemographersfocusontheimmediateexplanationsforthechanges,suchasthegrowingimmigrantpopulation,housingshortagesandhighprices,andout-of-wedlockchildbearing.

Manypsychologistshavenotedthatbaby-boomerparentsenjoycloserrelationshipswiththeirfewerchildrenthatallowextendedcohabitation.ArecentsurveyconductedforDelWebb(adivisionofPulteHomesInc.)reportsthatonlyaboutone-quarterofbabyboomersarehappieroncethekidsmoveout.

However,alltheseexplanationsaresimplysymptomsofthelarger,morefundamentalreunitingofAmericansintohouseholdsthatincludeextendedfamilies—adultkids,grandparents,grandchildrenandotherrelatives—ratherthanjustnuclearfamilies.

TherateatwhichourAmericancultureisadaptingwillaccelerateasbabyboomersbeginretiringinwaves.Creativehousingarrangementsarenecessitatingandallowingthreegenerationstolivetogetheragain~underonerooforincloseproximity.Nowsome6millionAmericangrandparentsarelivingunderoneroofwiththeirgrandchildren.

Whethergrandparentsliveinaccessoryapartmentsonthepropertyorhousesnextdoor,theseflexiblehousingoptionsprovideprivacyandcompanionshipatthesametime.Grandparentscaninteractwiththeirgrandchildrenwhiletheparentswork,andailbenefitfromthenewtogetherness.These21stcenturyhousingarrangementsareacreativewaytohandlethefinancialneedsofthegenerationthatisretiringand,yes,theadultchildrenwhoarecominghome.

Suchmultigenerationalhouseholdsdon'tmakesenseforeveryone.Personalityconflictsorfamilycharacteristicsprecludesucharrangementsforsome.Legalconstraintssuchasbuildingandzoningcodesareformidableobstaclesinmostcommunitiesacrossthecountry.

Oftenmoreroomismandatedforparkingyourcarthanparkingyourgrandmother.HomebuildershavebeenmoreinterestedinsellinghousesthatsatisfyimmediateneedsratherthananticipatingtheneedsofthegrowingnumbersofagingAmericans.

Thecultureitselffrequentlygetsintheway,reinforcingtheperceptionofastigmaattachingtolackofindependence—theadultchildwhojustwon'tmoveout(andgrowup)ortheaginggrandparentwhoeschews"beingaburden."

Despitetheseproblems,onceyoubegintalkingwithyourfriendsaboutthree-generationhouseholds,youwillbeginhearingstoriesabouthowsuchobstaclesarebeingovercome.Youalsowillbeginhearingstoriesaboutthewonderfulbenefitsofthinkingabouthousingandfamilyarrangementsincreativeways.Andyou'llhearstoriesaboutthefundamentalsatisfactionoflivingtogetheragain.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Whichofthestatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaboutthegreatestgeneration?

4.Thefactorholdsbackadultchildrenmovingbackhomeis（）

5.WhatisnotthereasonforadultmovingbackhomeaccordingtoresearchersonUSpopulations?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThetrendofkidsmovingbackhomehasnegativeeffecttoAmericanculture.

B.Thesymptomofadultkidsmovingbackhomeisextraordinary.

C..Backtothenestisbynomeanstheprecedent..

D.Thefamilyunitandindividualindependencearedamaginginthesociety.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thetrendofadultsmovebackhomeissince2007.

B.TheepidemicofkidsmovingbackhomeinUSAisunparalleledintheworld.

C.TheUnitedStateswasanagriculturecountrybeforeWorldWarII.

D.One-thirdofbabyboomersaresorrowfuloncethekidsmoveout.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyimposedtheideaofindependenceonthesuccessiveoffspring.

B.Theymakeloudcomplaintsabouttheirchildren'sprolongedstayingathome.

C.Theirsocialandfinanceschemefortheirretirementdisregardtheinterdependence.

D.Theirretirementsystemiscollapsingwiththeoverwhelmingoutpouringoftheirchildren'sretirement.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fiscalandpsychologicalcosts

B.adults'unwillingnessofgrowingup

C.thedisturbingconventionalideas

D.thelegalconstraintsofmultigenerationalhouseholds

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Aginggrandparentswouldeschew.

B.Childbearingwithoutmatrimony.

C.Housingshortages.

D.Theincreasingimmigrantpopulation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.文章第五段的第一句為本文中心句"Adultkidsmovingbackhomeismerelythemostnoticeablesymptomofalarger,fundamentaltransformationofAmericansociety."成年子女搬回家住是美國社會(huì)發(fā)生更大、更根本變革中最引人注目的現(xiàn)象。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段"Thisepidemicofkidsmovingbackhomeisfirst,not"unprecedented,"..."可知選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒有提及;根據(jù)第二段的第一句""Yikes!Thekidsaremovingbackin!"Thusgoesthemantraofthebabyboomgeneration,circa2007."可知自2007年以來,成年人開始出現(xiàn)搬回家住的趨勢(shì)。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段的第一句"Butlettingthekidsmovebackinisnotthesocietalerrorwe'retalkingabout.Instead,thebigmistakeistheloudlyvoicedchagrinoftheboomers."讓孩子搬回去并不是我們所說的社會(huì)錯(cuò)誤。相反,最大的錯(cuò)誤是生育高峰時(shí)期出生的人大聲抱怨。所以他們抱怨的不是孩子們長時(shí)間待在家而是搬回來與父母同住,所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。

4.根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知,這種多代同堂的家庭模式并不是適合所有人。人格沖突或家庭特征使某些人無法作出這種安排。在全國大多數(shù)社區(qū),建筑和分區(qū)法規(guī)等法律約束都是巨大的障礙。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.根據(jù)第九段的內(nèi)容可知,談到"回巢族",大多數(shù)人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家關(guān)注的是這些變化的直接原因,比如移民人口的增長、住房短缺和高房價(jià),以及未婚生育。只有選項(xiàng)A沒有提及,所以本題選A。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

15.單選題

Heisso____thathebuiltaporchforhishouselastsummerduringhisvacation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.productive

B.snobbish

C.authoritative

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.productive高效的；多產(chǎn)的B.snobbish勢(shì)利的

C.authoritative權(quán)威的D.versatile多才多藝的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】根據(jù)后文“去年夏天度假時(shí)還為自己的房子建了一個(gè)門廊”可知，他會(huì)修建門廊，體現(xiàn)出他的多才多藝，D選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的”最符合前后語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)productive“高效的；多產(chǎn)的”，側(cè)重于指生產(chǎn)商品或種植農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量高，不符合前后語義銜接；

B選項(xiàng)snobbish“勢(shì)利的”，不符合前后語義銜接；

C選項(xiàng)authoritative“權(quán)威的”，不符合前后語義銜接。

【句意】他多才多藝，去年夏天度假時(shí)還為自己的房子建了一個(gè)門廊。

16.單選題

Astatelessyoungmanmayhavefeltintimidatedafterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unsafe

B.initiated

C.intrigued

D.credulous

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.unsafe不安全的；危險(xiǎn)的B.initiated使開始；發(fā)起

C.intrigued很感興趣的；著迷的D.credulous輕信的；易受騙的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息afterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries（在被許多國家拒絕庇護(hù)和夜間居住后）可知，feltintimidated表示的是“感覺到害怕”，intimidated表示的是“害怕”的意思，A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】一個(gè)無國籍的年輕人在被許多國家拒絕庇護(hù)和夜間居住后可能會(huì)感到害怕。

17.單選題

Thepatientisrecoveringsoon.Hisdiseaseis（

）treatmentwithdrugs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsiveto

B.responsiblefor

C.subjectto

D.exposedto

【答案】A

【解析】句意:患者很快就開始恢復(fù)了。他的病對(duì)藥物治療有反應(yīng)。

考查短語辨析。beresponsiveto對(duì)…有反應(yīng);beresponsiblefor對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé);besubjectto受支配，常遭受……;beexposedto暴露于,面臨。根據(jù)前半句意“患者很快就開始恢復(fù)了”可知A符合句意。

18.單選題

Sincetheeconomicreform,withprices______somuch,itishardforthemanykindnessesyouhaveshownmyson.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swinging

B.waving

C.fluctuating

D.vibrating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)swing“搖擺”，B項(xiàng)wave“揮手，揮手示意”，C項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)，漲落”，D項(xiàng)vibrate“振動(dòng)，顫動(dòng)”?？崭癫糠质且粋€(gè)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，所以空格處要填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與price（價(jià)格）搭配，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)最符合。句意：自從經(jīng)濟(jì)改革以來，物價(jià)波動(dòng)如此之大，您對(duì)我兒子的好意實(shí)在難以接受。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

19.單選題

Themedicalstudentsstudiedthe（

）ofthehumanbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.framework

B.outline

C.skeleton

D.segment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。framework意為“構(gòu)架，框架”；outline意為“梗概，大綱，提綱”；skeleton意為“骨骼，骨架，骨骼標(biāo)本”；segment意為“部分，段落”。

句意：醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生研究了人體的骨骼。

20.單選題

Cometsarestillregardedwithawebysomepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wonder

B.concern

C.resentment

D.detachment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。awe意為“敬畏，驚嘆”；wonder意為“驚異，驚嘆”；concern意為“涉及，關(guān)系到”；resentment意為“憤恨，不滿”；detachment意為“超然，公正，獨(dú)立”。

句意：一些人仍然敬畏彗星。

21.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)capacity“能力，容量”，B項(xiàng)capability“才能”，C項(xiàng)cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，債務(wù)”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責(zé)任”符合句意。句意：汽車損壞是我們的責(zé)任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

（）outsideinthestreet,themanwassenttohospitalatonce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tobefounddying

B.Findingdead

C.Foundlyinganddyingfast

D.Foundlyingandalmostdied

【答案】C

【解析】考查分詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Tobefounddying“被發(fā)現(xiàn)奄奄一息”；動(dòng)詞不定式表將來，本句所用一般過去式，故排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)Findingdead“發(fā)現(xiàn)死者”；主語是theman和find之間的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除B選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)Foundlyingandalmostdied有語病，die是瞬間動(dòng)詞，也不能用almost修飾，可以用die的連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞dying“奄奄一息的”。句意：人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)男人躺在大街上奄奄一息的時(shí)候，立即將他送往醫(yī)院。故選C。

23.單選題

Theactualcostofthebuildingwasmuchhigherthanouroriginal（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consideration

B.judgment

C.estimate

D.plan

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。consideration“考慮;報(bào)酬”;judgment“判斷,辨別力”;estimate“估計(jì),判斷”。句意:這座建筑物的實(shí)際成本比我們?cè)瓉淼墓烙?jì)高得多。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

24.單選題

The（）spreadsoquicklythatnobodyinthatareasurvivedit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.plague

B.disease

C.vaccine

D.measles

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。plague“瘟疫”；disease“疾病”；vaccine“疫苗”；measles“麻疹”。句意：傳播得如此之快，以至于那個(gè)地區(qū)沒有人能幸免于難。選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。

25.單選題

Inthepasttenyearsskyscrapershavedeveloped______inChicagoandNewYorkCity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.homogeneously

B.simultaneously

C.spontaneously

D.harmoniously

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.homogeneously同樣地B.simultaneously同時(shí)地

C.spontaneously自發(fā)地，自然地D.harmoniously和諧地

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“在過去的十年里，摩天大樓在芝加哥和紐約_______拔地而起”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)詞義符合句意，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C項(xiàng)指自然發(fā)生的，非計(jì)劃性的；

A、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】在過去的十年里，摩天大樓在芝加哥和紐約同時(shí)拔地而起。

26.單選題

“Hello,Bob,Ididn’tknowyou（）jogging.”“Oh,yesGeorge,I’vebeendoingitforoveramonthnow.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wentfor

B.wentout

C.wentonwith

D.wentinfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)wentfor“去找，被認(rèn)為，主張，擁護(hù)，努力獲取”；B選項(xiàng)wentout“出去，熄滅，過時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)wentonwith“繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行，暫時(shí)使用”；D選項(xiàng)wentinfor“愛好，參與，從事，追求，贊成”。句意：“你好，鮑勃，我不知道你（）慢跑?！薄班蓿堑?，喬治，我已經(jīng)跑了一個(gè)多月了。”可以看出，提問的人是不知道鮑勃“愛好慢跑運(yùn)動(dòng)”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

27.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.Hewantstoseewhatisreachingtowardshim,andtobeabletorecognizeoratleastclassifyit.Manalwaystendstoavoidphysicalcontactwithanythingstrange.Eveninsleep,whenheisfarmoreunguarded,hecanalltooeasilybedisturbedbyatouch.

Allthedistanceswhichmencreateroundthemselvesaredictatedbythisfear.Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.Thefearofbeingtouchedremainswithuswhenwegoaboutamongpeople;thewaywemoveinabusystreet,inrestaurants,trainsorbuses,isgovernedbyit.Evenwhenwearestandingnexttothemandareabletowatchandexaminethemclosely,weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.

Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.Thecrowdheneedsisthedensecrowd,inwhichbodyispressedtobody;acrowd,too,whosephysicalconstitutionisalsodense,orcompact,sothathenolongernoticeswhoitisthatpressesagainsthim.Assoonasamanhassurrenderedhimselftothecrowdheceasestofearitstouch.

Ideallyallareequalthere;nodisti