考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿遷澤達(dá)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿遷澤達(dá)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Asonlinecomputersystemsbecomemorepopular,televisionsandcomputersareincreasingly().Suchtechnologiescombinethecapabilitiesofcomputers,televisionetc.,andgreatlyexpandtheservicesthatcanbeprovided.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separated

B.segregated

C.integrated

D.intersected

【答案】C

【解析】separated分開(kāi)，隔開(kāi)；segregated隔離，分離；integrated結(jié)合；intersected分割。句意：隨著在線計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)變得越來(lái)越流行，電視和計(jì)算機(jī)日益融合。這些技術(shù)結(jié)合了計(jì)算機(jī)、電視等的功能，極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了所能提供的服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Thecouplehasdonatedanot（）amountofmoneytothefoundation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這對(duì)夫婦為這個(gè)基金會(huì)己經(jīng)捐獻(xiàn)了不少錢。

考查形容詞辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考慮的,微不足道的；inconsiderate輕率的,不顧別人的;inaccurate不精確的,不準(zhǔn)確的；incomparable無(wú)可匹敵的,不能比較的。故A符合句意。

3.單選題

Ourserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountrywhilesix

librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shifting

B.drifting

C.rotating

D.mobile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。shifting“不斷移動(dòng)的”；drifting“漂移的”；rotating“旋轉(zhuǎn)的”；mobile“可移動(dòng)的”。句意：全國(guó)有36個(gè)圖書館，有6個(gè)移動(dòng)圖書館專門為農(nóng)村服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thehealthadministrativedepartmentofacitywithdistrictsshalldesignateatleastone（）medicalinstitutiontotakeandtreatAIDSvictimsandAIDSviruscarriers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.illegible

B.legible

C.eligible

D.ineligible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)illegible“字跡模糊的”；B選項(xiàng)legible“清晰的”；C選項(xiàng)eligible“合格的，符合條件的”；D選項(xiàng)ineligible“不合格的”。句意：設(shè)區(qū)的市衛(wèi)生行政部門應(yīng)當(dāng)指定至少一家符合條件的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)，接收和治療艾滋病患者和艾滋病病毒攜帶者。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.單選題

TheManchushadeffectedacoalitionwiththeChinesegentryclasswhichsecuredthepositionsofbothparties.Thegentryweresetapartfromthecommonersandgiven（）careerprivilegesinthegovernmentbureaucracy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inclusive

B.special

C.exclusive

D.especial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)inclusive“包含的”；B選項(xiàng)special“專用的，專門的”；C選項(xiàng)exclusive“獨(dú)有的，專有的”；D選項(xiàng)especial“特別的，尤其的”。根據(jù)前文貴族人與普通平民區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)，可推測(cè)后文應(yīng)該是賦予貴族獨(dú)有的地位，exclusive含有“排他”之意，故答案選項(xiàng)為C。

6.單選題

Somepeoplefindthatcertainfoods（

）theirheadaches.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.introduce

B.trigger

C.summon

D.create

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。introduce“介紹”；trigger“引發(fā)，引起”；summon“召喚”；create“創(chuàng)造”。句意：有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)某些食物會(huì)引發(fā)頭痛。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

Coca-Cola,whichsold10billioncasesofsoftdrinksin1992,nowfindsitselfasking,wherewillsalesofthenext10billioncasescomefrom?Theanswerliesoverseas,whereincomelevelsandappetitesforWesternproductsareatanall-timehigh.Often,thecompanythatgetsintoaforeignmarketearliestdominatesthatcountry’smarket.CokepatriarchRobertWoodruffrealizedthisandunleashedabrilliantploytomakeCoketheearlybirdinmanyofthemajorforeignmarkets.AttheheightofWorldWar11,Woodruffproclaimed,“WhereverAmericanboyswerefighting,they’dbeabletogetaCoke.”BythetimePepsitriedtomakeitsfirstinternationalpitchinthe1950s,Cokehadestablisheditsbrandnamealongwithapowerfuldistributionnetwork.Duringthelast40years,manynewmarketshaveemerged.Inordertotapintotheseopportunities,bothCokeandPepsihaveattemptedtofindwaystocutthroughtheredtapethatthwartstheireffortstoconductbusinessinthesenewregions.Onekeymaneuverinthesodawarsoccurredin1972,whenPepsisignedanagreementwiththeSovietUnionthatmadeitthefirstWesternproducttobesoldtoconsumersinRussia.ThislandmarkagreementgavePepsitheupperhand.Atpresent,Pepsihas23plantsintheformerSovietUnionandistheleaderinthesoft-drinkindustryinRussia.ItoutsellsCoca-Colabyaratioof6to1andisseenthereasalocalbrand,similartoCoke’shome-grownreputationinJapan.However,Pepsihasalsoencounteredsomeobstacles.AnexpectedincreaseinbrandloyaltyforPepsisubsequenttoitsadvertisingblitzinRussiahasnotmaterialized,eventhoughPepsiproducedcommercialstailoredtotheRussianmarketandsponsoredtelevisedconcerts.SomeanalystsbelievethatPepsi’sdominationoftheRussianmarkethasmoretodowithpricing.WhilePepsisellsfor250Rubels(about25cents)abottle,Coca-Colasellsfor450Rubels.Likewise,Pepsisellstheir2litereconomybottlefor1,300Rubels,whileCoca-Cola’s1.5litersismarketedat1,800Rubels.Ontheotherhand,Coca-ColaonlymadeitsfirstinroadsintoRussia2yearsago.What’smore,althoughCoca-Cola’sbottleandlabelgaveitahigh-classimage,RussiansdonotperceiveCoca-ColaasapremiumbrandintheRussianmarket.Consequently,ithassofarbeenunabletocaptureamarketshare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT（）.

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“（）”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedprices

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarket

C.designingabottleandlebeltocreateahigh-classimage

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarket

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.reviewthemarketinghistoryoftwosoftdrinkgiants

B.contrasttwodifferentapproachestomarketingsoftdrinksintheglobalmarket

C.refutethetraditionalexplanationforPepsi’ssuccessintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket

D.comparehowwelltwosoftdrinkcompanieshavesucceededinaforeignmarket

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.mattered

B.happened

C.fulfilled

D.marketed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，除了______，下面所有的東西都被用來(lái)吸引顧客購(gòu)買文章中提到的兩個(gè)品牌中的一個(gè)。

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedpricesA.在有限時(shí)間內(nèi)以特別優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格提供軟飲料

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarketB.成為第一個(gè)進(jìn)入國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的國(guó)家

C.designingabottleandlabeltocreateahigh-classimageC.設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)瓶子和標(biāo)簽，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)高級(jí)形象

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarketD.進(jìn)行廣告閃電戰(zhàn)，包括為當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)量身定制的商業(yè)廣告

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句和倒數(shù)第四句“百事可樂(lè)每瓶售價(jià)250盧布，約合25美分，而可口可樂(lè)每瓶售價(jià)450盧布。同樣，百事可樂(lè)的2升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶售價(jià)為1300盧布，而可口可樂(lè)的1.5升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶售價(jià)為1800盧布。”可知，文中提到了百事和可口可樂(lè)在價(jià)格上采用戰(zhàn)略吸引顧客，但是A項(xiàng)“在有限時(shí)間內(nèi)以特別優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格提供軟飲料”中的“有限時(shí)間”并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，所以該項(xiàng)與原文不符，但符合題干。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“成為第一個(gè)進(jìn)入國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的國(guó)家”，根據(jù)第二和第三句“通常，最早進(jìn)入國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的公司會(huì)主導(dǎo)該國(guó)的市場(chǎng)?？煽诳蓸?lè)公司的創(chuàng)始人羅伯特?伍德拉夫意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)，并推出了一個(gè)聰明的策略，使可口可樂(lè)成為許多主要海外市場(chǎng)的‘早起鳥(niǎo)’”可知，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)瓶子和標(biāo)簽，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)高級(jí)形象”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“……可口可樂(lè)的瓶子和標(biāo)簽給了它一個(gè)高級(jí)的形象……”可知，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行廣告閃電戰(zhàn)，包括為當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)量身定制的商業(yè)廣告”，根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第七句“盡管百事公司為俄羅斯市場(chǎng)制作了量身定制的商業(yè)廣告，并贊助了電視音樂(lè)會(huì)……”可知，該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?2.這篇文章暗示了關(guān)于俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)的下列哪一種情況？

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.A.在俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)，價(jià)格是一個(gè)不重要的因素。

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.B.俄羅斯消費(fèi)者更有可能購(gòu)買國(guó)際軟飲料。

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.C.俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)充斥著本土品牌。

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.D.如果以更低的價(jià)格出售，2升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶比1.5升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶更有銷路。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第四句“百事可樂(lè)的2升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶售價(jià)為1300盧布，而可口可樂(lè)的1.5升經(jīng)濟(jì)瓶售價(jià)為1800盧布”，從中可推斷，如果降價(jià)出售，2升的經(jīng)濟(jì)裝比1.5升的經(jīng)濟(jì)裝更有銷路，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“在俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)，價(jià)格是一個(gè)不重要的因素”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“俄羅斯消費(fèi)者更有可能購(gòu)買國(guó)際軟飲料”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)充斥著本土品牌”，文中只提到“百事在俄羅斯的銷量是可口可樂(lè)的6倍，被視為本土品牌”，但是并沒(méi)有提到俄羅斯充斥著本土的軟飲料品牌，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.3.文章的主要目的是______。

A.reviewthemarketinghistoryoftwosoftdrinkgiantsA.回顧兩大軟飲料巨頭的營(yíng)銷歷史

B.contrasttwodifferentapproachestomarketingsoftdrinksintheglobalmarketB.對(duì)比兩種在全球市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷軟飲料的不同的方法

C.refutethetraditionalexplanationforPepsi’ssuccessintheRussiansoftdrinkmarketC.駁斥了百事在俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)成功的傳統(tǒng)解釋

D.comparehowwelltwosoftdrinkcompanieshavesucceededinaforeignmarketD.比較兩家軟飲料公司在國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的成功程度

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】通讀全文可知，文章介紹了兩個(gè)品牌公司，即可口可樂(lè)和百事在國(guó)外市場(chǎng)中的營(yíng)銷，原文描述了這兩種品牌公司是如何在國(guó)外市場(chǎng)相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并取得優(yōu)勢(shì)的，所以推測(cè)，文章的主要目的是為了比較這兩家品牌公司在海外市場(chǎng)的成功度，D項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“回顧兩大軟飲料巨頭的營(yíng)銷歷史”、B項(xiàng)“對(duì)比兩種在全球市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷軟飲料的不同的方法”和C項(xiàng)“駁斥了百事在俄羅斯軟飲料市場(chǎng)成功的傳統(tǒng)解釋”雖然在文中都有體現(xiàn)，但是并不能概括文章的目的，屬于以偏概全。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“______”.4.文中劃線部分中“materialized”的最佳定義應(yīng)為“______”。

A.matteredA.事關(guān)緊要

B.happenedB.發(fā)生

C.fulfilledC.履行，實(shí)現(xiàn)

D.marketedD.促銷，營(yíng)銷

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至原文倒數(shù)第七句“盡管百事為俄羅斯市場(chǎng)制作了量身定制的廣告，并贊助了電視轉(zhuǎn)播的音樂(lè)會(huì)，在俄羅斯展開(kāi)廣告攻勢(shì)后，該公司的品牌忠誠(chéng)度預(yù)計(jì)將有所提高，但這一目標(biāo)并未materialized”，從中可知，百事制作量身定制的廣告并贊助電視轉(zhuǎn)播的音樂(lè)會(huì)是為了提高公司的品牌忠誠(chéng)度，但是這并沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以推測(cè)materialized在文中表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，這與C項(xiàng)“履行，實(shí)現(xiàn)”相符合。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“事關(guān)緊要”、B項(xiàng)“發(fā)生”和D項(xiàng)“促銷，營(yíng)銷”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)都曲解原文。

8.單選題

Thesetwofirmsaresobigandpowerfulthattheymonopolizebetweenthemtheproductionandsaleofcigarettesinthiscountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.govern

B.influence

C.supervise

D.dominate

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。橫線單詞monopolize意為“壟斷；獨(dú)占；擁有……的專賣權(quán)”；A選項(xiàng)“govern”意為“管理；支配；統(tǒng)治；控制”；B選項(xiàng)“influence”意為“影響；改變；支配”；C選項(xiàng)“supervise”意為“監(jiān)督；管理；指導(dǎo)；主管”；D選項(xiàng)“dominate”意為“控制；支配；占優(yōu)勢(shì)；在……中占主要地位”。句意：這兩家公司勢(shì)力巨大，壟斷了這個(gè)國(guó)家香煙的生產(chǎn)和銷售。由題干可知，Thesetwofirmsaresobigandpowerful（兩家公司勢(shì)力巨大）所以可推測(cè)出這兩家公司在這個(gè)國(guó)家的香煙生產(chǎn)和銷售中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。由此可知，monopolize在此處最可能是“壟斷”的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中dominate具有“在……中占主要地位”的意思，與此相近。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Technologicaldevelopments（）newskillsinmanyindustries，leavingthoseworkerswithoutdatedskillsoutofwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.necessitate

B.associate

C.negotiate

D.differentiate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)necessitate“使成為必要，需要”，B選項(xiàng)associate“聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系”，C選項(xiàng)negotiate“談判，商議”，D選項(xiàng)differentiate“區(qū)分，使有差別”。句意：技術(shù)的發(fā)展使許多行業(yè)產(chǎn)生了新技能，使那些擁有過(guò)時(shí)技能的工人失業(yè)。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Theskunkprotectsitselffromenemiesbysprayingthemwithasubstancethatstinks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stingstheeyes

B.smellsbad

C.causesitching

D.discolorstheskin

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。stink意為“有臭味，有難聞的氣味”；stingtheeyes意為“刺眼”；smellbad意為“難聞，刺鼻的怪味”；causeitching意為“引起瘙癢”；discolortheskin意為“使皮膚變色”。

句意：臭鼬通過(guò)噴灑一種散發(fā)臭味的物質(zhì)來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受敵人的攻擊。

11.填空題

Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Menareveryclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofclothesreflectbasicqualitiesof

A

B

C

D

stabilityandreliability?

【答案】Cveryclever改為tooclever

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定句型。

【解題思路】too...to是固定句型，意思為“太……而不能”，指的是男性非常聰明，不會(huì)讓自己被服裝設(shè)計(jì)師欺騙，因此C部分應(yīng)為tooclever。

【句意】如果對(duì)比男性和女性對(duì)于時(shí)尚的看法，得出的結(jié)論顯而易見(jiàn)。男性很聰明，不會(huì)讓自己被時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師欺騙。他們不變的服裝款式是否反映了穩(wěn)定可靠的基本品質(zhì)呢？

12.單選題

Thenewradiodirection-findingdevicecould（）atransmissionwitharemarkablespeed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.carryoff

B.bendto

C.shrugoff

D.latchonto

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨祈題。carryoff攜帶，成功地處理；bendto屈從于；shrugoff擺脫，不屑理睬；latchonto鎖上。句意：這種新的無(wú)線電測(cè)向裝置能以驚人的速度進(jìn)行傳輸。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

Someoftheoldcustomshavecontinued（）politenessalthoughtheyarenolongerthoughtaboutnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthewayof

B.intheeyesof

C.inthefaceof

D.intheformof

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)inthewayof“妨礙、在……方面”；B選項(xiàng)intheeyesof“在……心目中、從……來(lái)看”；C選項(xiàng)inthefaceof“面對(duì)、不顧”；D選項(xiàng)intheformof“以……的形式”，句意為：有些舊習(xí)俗以禮貌的形式繼續(xù)存在著，盡管它們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再被人想到了。intheformof“以……的形式”符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

FollowingtheexplosionofcreativityinFlorenceduringthe14thcenturyknownastheRenaissance,themodernworldsawadeparturefromwhatithadonceknown.ItturnedfromGodandtheauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandinsteadfavouredamorehumanisticapproachtobeing.RenaissanceideashadspreadthroughoutEuropewellintothe17thcentury,withtheartsandsciencesflourishingextraordinarilyamongthosewithamorelogicaldisposition.1.With（thegapbetween）thechurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance,thegapbetweenthemedievalandmodernperiodshadbeenbridged,leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories.

DuringtheRenaissance,thegreatmindsofNicolausCopernicus,JohannesKeplerandGalileoGalileidemonstratedthepowerofscientificstudyanddiscovery.2.Beforeeachoftheirrevelations,manythinkersatthetimehadsustainedmoreancientwaysofthinking,includingthegeocentricviewthattheEarthwasatthecentreofouruniverse.Copernicustheorizedin1543thatinactualfact,alloftheplanetsthatweknewofrevolvednotaroundtheEarth,buttheSun,asystemthatwaslaterupheldbyGalileoathisownexpense.Offeringupsuchatheoryduringatimeofhightensionbetweenscientificandreligiousmindswasbrandedasheresy,andanysuchhereticsthatcontinuedtospreadtheseliesweretobepunishedbyimprisonmentorevendeath.GalileowasexcommunicatedbytheChurchandimprisonedforlifeforhisastronomicalobservationsandhissupportoftheheliocentricprinciple.

3.DespiteattemptsbytheChurchtostrong-armthisnewgenerationoflogiciansandrationalists,moreexplanationsforhowtheuniversefunctionedwerebeingmade,andataratethatthepeople-includingtheChurch-couldnolongerignore.Itwaswiththesegreatrevelationsthatanewkindofphilosophyfoundedinreasonwasborn.

TheChurch'slong-standingdogmawaslosingthegreatbattlefortruthtorationalistsandscientists.ThisveryfactembodiedthenewwaysofthinkingthatsweptthroughEuropeduringmostofthe17thcentury.4.Asmanytookonthedutyoftryingtointegratereasoningandscientificphilosophiesintotheworld.TheRenaissancewasoveranditwastimeforanewera-theAgeofReason.

The17thand18thcenturiesweretimesofradicalchangeandcuriosity.Scientificmethod,reductionismandthequestioningofChurchidealswastobeencouraged,aswereideasofliberty,toleranceandprogress.5.SuchactionstoseekknowledgeandtounderstandwhatinformationwealreadyknewwerecapturedbytheLatinphrase'sapereaude'or'daretoknow',afterImmanuelKantuseditinhisessayAnAnswertotheQuestion:WhatisEnlightenment?Itwasthepurposeandresponsibilityofgreatmindstogoforthandseekoutthetruth,whichtheybelievedtobefoundedinknowledge.

【答案】1.【參考譯文】由于文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期教會(huì)的教義和思維方式之間的差距被消除，中世紀(jì)和現(xiàn)代時(shí)期之間的差距得以彌合，導(dǎo)致了新的和未開(kāi)發(fā)的知識(shí)領(lǐng)域。

2.【參考譯文】每個(gè)啟示出現(xiàn)之前，當(dāng)時(shí)的許多思想家都采用更為古老的思維方式，包括地心說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)，該觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為地球是我們宇宙的中心。

3.【參考譯文】盡管教堂做出許多嘗試去壓制新一代的邏輯學(xué)家和理性主義者，但是更多對(duì)于宇宙是如何運(yùn)作的探索正在以人們難以忽視的速度進(jìn)行著。

4.【參考譯文】正當(dāng)很多人致力于嘗試把推理和科學(xué)哲理融入到世界時(shí)，文藝復(fù)興結(jié)束了，而此時(shí)一個(gè)新的時(shí)代到來(lái)了。

5.【參考譯文】這些探索知識(shí)并且理解已知信息的行為可以用拉丁文“sapereaude”或英文“daretoknow”描述。

15.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstress,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow!

Nowwearealllivinginmodemtime.Asthesocietyhasdeveloped,euthanasia（安樂(lè)死）ormercykillinghasreturnedtotheworld’shomepage.Manyreportsaboutrelevantcasesandresultsofscholarlyresearchoftenappearonthefrontpageofthenewspapers.Euthanasiaissometimescalledmercykilling,doctors-assistedsuicideorpainlessdeath.Itisusuallyunderstoodasamercifulacttorelieveaterminally-illpatient’sunbearablephysicalpain.Whilethemajorityofsocietyseemstofavorthissupposedlyhumanitarianpractice,itstillcouldtakedecadesforthecountry’slegislativeandjudicialdepartmentstodealwiththehighlycontroversialissue:NospecificlawofrulegovernseuthanasiaassuchinChina,buttheactfitsthevagueconceptof“intentionalkilling”intheCriminalCode.Yetthevoicescallingforlegislationoneuthanasiahavebecomelouderinrecentyears.

【答案】第一場(chǎng)雪來(lái)了。多么美?。∷照轨o靜地飄著，落在山嶺上，落在草地里，落在世人的屋頂上，落在死者的墳?zāi)股?！一片白茫茫中，只有河流在美麗的畫面上劃出了一道彎彎曲曲的黑線；樹(shù)葉掉光了的老鼠，映襯著灰色的天空，枝丫交錯(cuò)，更顯風(fēng)姿。下雪的時(shí)候，一切多么安靜啊！

如今我們都生活在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，安樂(lè)死或者憐憫致死術(shù)已經(jīng)成為世界的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。許多相關(guān)案例和學(xué)術(shù)研究結(jié)果的報(bào)道經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的頭版。安樂(lè)死有時(shí)被稱為憐憫致死術(shù)、醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺或叫做無(wú)痛死亡。它通常被理解為一種仁慈的行為，用來(lái)減輕絕癥病人無(wú)法忍受的疼痛。雖然大部分人似乎支持這種所謂的人道主義行為，但是對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家的立法和司法部門來(lái)說(shuō)，這是頗具爭(zhēng)議的，起碼需要數(shù)十年來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。比如中國(guó)就沒(méi)有專門的法律來(lái)管理安樂(lè)死，但是安樂(lè)死符合其刑法里的“故意殺人”這一模糊的概念。然而，今年來(lái)要求立法安樂(lè)死的呼聲越來(lái)越高。

16.單選題

16-20

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aduodenalulcer.

B.Stomachulcer.

C.AMouthulcer.

D.Askinulcer.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Haveanoperation.

B.Trymedicalmeans.

C.Seeapsychiatrist.

D.Beoffworkforawhile.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Overweight.

B.Smoking.

C.Heredity

D.Stress.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heisalightsmoker.

B.Heisacasualsmoker.

C.Heisaheavysmoker.

D.Heisamoderatesmoker.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Stopsmoking.

B.Haveasurgery.

C.Eatregularlyandexercisemore.

D.MakeanappointmentwithDr.Oakes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】W:Howareyounow?

M:Nottoogood.

W:Areyoustillgettingthepain?

M:Yes.

W:Well.TheX-raydoctorfoundirritabilityanddistortionoftheduodenumalthoughtherewasnoactualulcervisibleontheX-ray.(16)Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenoduodenalulcer.Wehavetodecidethebestwayoftreatingit.Therearetwoways:medicalandsurgical.(17)Inyoungpeople,wetrytoavoidoperationsandwehopethatmedicalmeanswillhelp.Now,youdidhaveaspellinhospitalanditdisappearedbutnowitstartedagain.Hasanyoneinyourfamilyhadanulcer?

M:Yes,myfatherhadonebutitclearedup.

W:Well,(18)thiscouldberelevantasulcersmayruninthefamily.Theotherfactorsofcoursearesmoking,worryandanxiety,irregularmealsorovertiredness,overworkandstress.Theseallwilleffectanulcer.Unfortunately，youhavealotofstressandworryathome,soIfeeldespiteyourbeingsoyoung,puttingyoutobedforafewweeksisn’tenough.I’dlikeyoutoseeMr.Oakes.Hehasagreatdealofexperiencewithulcers.Andifhefeelsanoperationistheanswer,Ithinkweshouldtakehisadvice.Now,haveyoumanagedtodoanythingaboutyoursmoking?

M:(19)Ismokeabout50aday.

W:Howoftendoyougetthepainnow?

M:Everyday.

W:Haveyoulosttimefromworkbecauseofit?

M:Yes.Nowadayshereandthere.

W:Well,(20)makeanappointmenttoseeMr.Oakes,andI'llwritetohimandtoyourdoctor.

M:Thankyou,doctor.

16.Whatisthemansufferingfrom?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)醫(yī)生描述，他遭受的是duodenalulcer（十二指腸潰瘍）的痛苦。故選A。

17.Totreatthediseasementionedinthetalk,whatwouldthedoctorusuallysuggestayoungpatientdo?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生說(shuō)治療潰瘍通常有兩種方式：手術(shù)方式和醫(yī)療方式。對(duì)于年輕人群，醫(yī)生都建議避免手術(shù)，采用medicalmeans。故選B。

18.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasacontributingfactoroftheman’sdisease?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)哪一個(gè)不是造成該疾病可能的原因。醫(yī)生提到了吸煙、遺傳和壓力，沒(méi)有提及體重超重。

19.Whatcanwesayaboutthemanconsideringthenumberofcigaretteshesmokes?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說(shuō)他每天抽50支煙，這一定是一個(gè)重度煙民。故選C。

20.Whatisthemangoingtodoaftertheconsultation?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生建議病人要咨詢Dr.Oakes，因?yàn)樗麑?duì)十二指腸潰瘍治療十分專業(yè)，應(yīng)該聽(tīng)取他的意見(jiàn)。故選D。

17.單選題

Ahundreddollarswillbe（

）tobuyahomecomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficient

B.sufficient

C.effective

D.proficient

【答案】B

【解析】句意:100美元足以買一臺(tái)家用電腦。選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines;theBug-EyedMonsterembodyingeveryfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudying—fornootherliteraryformdoesquitethesamethings.

Thequestionis:whatissciencefiction?Andtheanswermustbe,unfortunately,thattherehavebeenfewattemptstoconsiderthisquestionatanylengthorwithmuchseriousness;itmaywellbethatsciencefictionwillresistanycomprehensivedefinitionofitscharacteristics.Tosaythis,however,doesnotmeanthattherearenowaysofdefiningitnorthatvariousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified.Tobeginwith,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowtheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwithnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,andprobablychanged,inthecourseofthisexploration,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointsofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown;thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarge.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionthatistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral—thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefictioningeneralappliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asettingcharacters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarratorstory,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause______.

2.Theviewofsciencefictionencouragedbypulpmagazines,whilewrong,isnevertheless______.

3.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe______.

4.Theauthor’sdefinitionsuggeststhatallsciencefictiondealswith______.

5.Oneimplicationofthefinalsentenceinthepassageisthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiterarygenre

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation

C.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon

D.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.popular

B.deranged

C.elegant

D.accurate

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.ManandtheUniverse

C.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

D.ATypeofProseFiction

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

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