英語名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納

完滿版本英語名詞優(yōu)選性從句學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)歸納完滿版本英語名詞優(yōu)選性從句學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)歸納完滿版本英語名詞優(yōu)選性從句學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)歸納名詞性從句知識(shí)歸納名詞性從句是指在句子中相當(dāng)于名詞的從句，主要包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句不是修飾性從句，而是復(fù)合句中的骨干。e.g.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexamdisappointedhismother.（主語從句）Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom.（賓語從句）Thequestionishowwecanfinishitontime.（表語從句）ThefactthatsomeChinesearestillpoorisreallyagreatproblem.（同位語從句）名詞性從句的連接詞：從句有連接詞的作用可否可否可否充當(dāng)充當(dāng)從句無疑問可否有含義引導(dǎo)可省從句中的中的哪一種含義從句略成分成分that無無是一般否無能夠Iif（只用于賓語從句有“可否”是否否無中）,whetherasif/asthough“憂如”because（只用于表語無是否否無連“因?yàn)椤睆木渲校┙觲hat,who,whom,詞“什么，誰，哪個(gè)，主語，賓which,whose,II有誰的”，“任何事，任是否是語，表語，whatever,whoever,何人，任意哪個(gè)”定語whomever,whicheverwhen,where,why,“什么時(shí)候，地點(diǎn)，為什么，怎樣”，“無IIIhow,whenever,有是否是狀語論什么時(shí)候，無論wherever哪里”一、賓語從句---及物動(dòng)詞、介詞、部分形容詞（certain,sure,glad,afraid,frightened,happy,pleased,sad,sorry,surprised,upset,satisfied等）后e.g.Ibelieve(that)heishonest.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，一般情況可省略)I’mgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分)Hedoesn’tcareif/whetheritisn’tafineday(if/whether.不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分)Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.(what充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語)Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.(how充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的狀語)Idon’tbelievewhateverhesaid.(whatever充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的賓語，意為“任何事”)I’lltakewhoeverwantstogo.(whoever從當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的主語，意為“任何人”)【賓語從句要點(diǎn)拓展】1.that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)一般能夠省略，若由and或or連接兩個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)從句中的that能夠省略，而第二個(gè)分句前的that不能省略。e.g.Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.2.whether和if引導(dǎo)賓語從句一般能夠互換使用，但以下情況只能使用whether(1)whether可與ornot連用e.g.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillseethefilmornot.1(2)介從句要用whethere.g.Idon’tcareaboutwhetheryouhavemoneyornot.(3)that引的從句只能放于in,except,besides和but四個(gè)介后e.g.TheSwedestoodstill,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.3.移否定---當(dāng)主句是I/Wethink(believe,consider,expect,suppose,guess,imagine)，以后的從句若是可否定形式，常把從句中的否定not移到主句中。e.g.Idon’tsuppose(that)itishisfault,isit?---從句的常碰到主句影響，若主句是在或?qū)?，從句可用任何所需要的；若主句是去，從句一般用去的某種形式，如：一般去，去行，去將來等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客真理，科學(xué)原理，自然象，從句仍用一般在。e.g.Iknow(that)hedidn’ttellyouwhathewouldcomethen.Webelievedthathehadearnedenoughmoneytobuildahouse.TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.Theteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast.5.一種特別型的從句---在種句子里doyouthink等意插入，但主句，因此余下部分用述序Wh-+doyouthink/believe/consider/suppose/guess/suggest/feel/say+余下部分?e.g.Wheredoyouguessourartfestivalistobeheld?Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?二、主從句---位于句首，常用it做形式主e.g.Thathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.(that不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，不能省略)Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.(whether不充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的任何成分，不能夠用if)Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.(what充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的)Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.(who充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的主)WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.(where充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的狀)Whateverhesaidwasright.(whatever充當(dāng)從句內(nèi)的)Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.(it形式主，代替how引的主從句)【主從句要點(diǎn)拓展】1.it做形式主的構(gòu)(1)It’sapity/ashame/anhonor/afact/nowonder/commonsense/goodnewsthat?憾的是（榮耀的是、事是、怪是、常是，好信息是??）e.g.Itisapitythatyoudidnt’attendthelectureyesterday.(2)It’clear/sright/true/certain/necessary/(un)likely/important/(im)possible/obvious/remarkablethat???很清楚（正確，必要，重要，可能，得注意等)e.g.Itislikelythattherewillbeasnowstormtomorrow.(3)Itiswell-known/reported/recorded/estimated/said/believedthat?眾所周知（據(jù)道，據(jù)，據(jù)估，據(jù)，據(jù)人相信)?e.g.Itissaidthathisfatherlefthimnothing.(4)Itturnsout/seems/appears/happens/matters?)that?果是??（憂如是,碰巧是,重要的是??）2e.g.Ithappened(tome)thatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.2.it做形式主與itis(was)?that?句式的區(qū)分e.g.Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.解方法：將itis/was?that去掉，看余下部分可否完滿，若完滿即句式；反之it作形式主。三、表從句---系后（常系：be,look,remain,seem,appear等）e.g.Theproblemisthattheycan’tgethereearlyenough.Thequestioniswhetherwecanreducethecostoftheproduct.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.Whathewantstogetiswhateveryouhave.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.四、同位從句---抽象名后（從句抽象名行充明或解明抽象名的內(nèi)容）e.g.Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.3名詞性從句高考趨勢與察看要點(diǎn)一、序---名性從句內(nèi)部一律使用述序注意以下句子：e.g.Idon’tknowhatisthematterwithhim.Ihavenoideawhatwasthematterwithhim.Couldyoutelluswhatwaswrong/thetroublewithhimyesterday?二、從句中的虛氣1.主從句：(1)Itisimportant/natural/necessary/essential/strange/that?(should)do?(2)Itissuggested/advised/demanded/ordered/requestedthat?(should)do?e.g.Itisimportantthateverystudent(should)learnaforeignlanguage.Itissuggestedthatstudents(should)checktheiranswersbeforehandinginthepaper.2.從句：在表示“命令、要求、建、決定”等意的后的從句常用“（should）+do”【insist（持），order,urge,command（命令），require,request,demand（要求），advise,suggest,propose,recommend（建）】e.g.Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)giveupsmoking.表從句：當(dāng)主句的主order,command,requirement,request,demand,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation等名，表從句的用“(should)do”的形式。e.g.Myadviceisthatyou(should)takemorephysicalexercise.4.同位從句：用于解order,command,requirement,request,demand,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation等名的同位從句中常用“(should)do”構(gòu)e.g.Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe(should)makegooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.三、接的doubt---doubt用于必然構(gòu)，后邊用whether引名性從句；用于否定構(gòu)或疑構(gòu)，后邊用that引名性從句。e.g.Idoubtwhetherhetoldthetruth.Idon’tdoubtthathetoldthetruth.Thedoctor’sdoubtiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromthediseasesoon．IhavenodoubtthatTomisatalentedactor.2.sure---besure用于必然句或疑句，后接that引的名性從句；用于否定句，后接whether引的名性從句。e.g.I’msurethatI’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.Areyousurethatyou’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.I’mnotsurewhetherI’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.3.主是reason，表要用that引而不是because：e.g.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.4.what和that---that在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，不含疑意，而what在從句中充當(dāng)主、或表，且含有疑意。4e.g.ThatTomfelloffhischairbyaccidentgottheclassmateslaughing.WhatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.=AllthatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.接wh-和wh-ever---前者表示一個(gè)特指看法，引的名性從句含有疑意；后者表示一個(gè)泛指看法，意“任何??”，引的名性從句不含有疑意，相當(dāng)于名后加一個(gè)定從句。e.g.Itwasamatterofwhowouldtaketheposition.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterests.(=anyonewhosharesherinterests.)Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.(=anythingthathewantsthemtodo)6.This/Thatiswhy?和This/Thatisbecause?e.g.ThereasonwhyIcamelateisthatmycarbrokedownonthehalfway.Hecamelate.That’becausehiscarbrokedown.→Hiscarbrokedownonthehalfway.That’whyshecamelate.幾個(gè)特別句型之的ItisknowntoallthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（主從句，it做形式主）Asisknowntoall,ChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（as引的非限制性定從句）WhatisknowntoallisthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.（主從句和表從句）四、it的it做形式主（注意與句式的辨）e.g.ItwasmyfaultthatIhadhimplayfootballallafternoon.Itisimportantthatweshouldgototheschooltotalkwiththeteacher.2.it做形式---V+it+adj./n.+todo/從(V能夠make,find,feel,think,believe,consider,guess,suppose等)e.g