初高中銜接時態(tài)語態(tài)

初高中銜接時態(tài)語態(tài)初高中銜接時態(tài)語態(tài)初高中銜接時態(tài)語態(tài)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考初高中銜接時態(tài)語態(tài)日期：20xx年X月英語八種時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)是英語學(xué)習(xí)中一個至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實際運用時，往往對時態(tài)問題倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時（一）定義表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語具備的性格和能力及客觀真理。例：Igetupat6:30inthemorning.Sheisathome.Wheredoesyourfatherwork(二)構(gòu)成主要用動詞原形表示，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，在動詞詞尾加s/es。(三）一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)題用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I

like____________(swim).

2.He_________(read)English

every

day.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.

4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.My

mother________(like)______(go)shopping.

6.Ican________(draw)

many

beautiful

pictures.7.She_________(make)a

model

plane.

8.Do

you________(like)_________(run)9.Does

he_________(like)_________(jump)

10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday一般過去時（一）結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)否定句一般疑問句Be動詞was/were+notwas或were提前，放于句首行為動詞didn’t+do（動詞原形）Did+主語+do（動詞原形）注：在一般過去時的句子中，謂語動詞可分為兩類一類是be動詞，其形式為was與第一、三人稱單數(shù)連用，were與第二人稱和復(fù)數(shù)人稱的主語連用。凡是由be動詞做謂語的句子，變否定句時，直接在其后加not,即wasn’t或weren’t，變一般疑問句將was/were放在句首，句末用問號。另一類謂語動詞是由行為動詞來充當(dāng)，如stayed\went\visited等,這一類動詞做謂語時，可與任何人稱連用，句子變否定時，要在主語后面，動詞的前面加didn’t，動詞用原形；一般疑問句是把did提到句首，動詞用原形。IwasinShanghailastyear.Iwasn’tinShanghailastyear.WasyouinShanghailastyearHewenttotheparkyesterday.Hedidn’tgototheparkyesterday

Didhegototheparkyesterday

（二）動詞過去式的規(guī)則變化1)一般情況下,在動詞原形末尾加-ed;如look-looked2)結(jié)尾是字母e的動詞加-d,如practice-practiced；3)結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞,變“y”為“i”再加ed,如studystudied;4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,雙寫動詞尾的輔音字母，再加ed,如stopstopped。不規(guī)則動詞表InfinitivePasttenseInfinitivePasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfellamiswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancould（三）一般過去時練習(xí)題寫出下列動詞的過去式1．look—2.live—3.stop—4.carry— 5.hope— 6.trip—7.call— 8.finish— 9.want—10.are— 11.go—12.have—13.do—14.get— 15.come—16.say—二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSundayYes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday

9.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.10.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)三、一般將來時（一）概念表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。TherewillbeanEnglishpartynextSaturday.Wewillcometoseeyoutomorrow.（二）結(jié)構(gòu)1、由will+動詞原形構(gòu)成，其will適用于各種人稱，與主語連在一起時，常?？s寫為’ll。變否定句時，只需在will后加not，可縮寫為won’t。在疑問句中，will需提前，構(gòu)成will+主語+動詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。Hewillarriveherethisevening.他今晚抵達(dá)這里。2、shall+動詞原形（常用于主語為第一人稱）Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天沒空。3、begoingto+動詞原形（打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事）HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在倫敦度假。一般將來時練習(xí)題一、單項選擇(

)1.

There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.

A.willbegoingto

B.willgoingtobe

C.isgoingtobe

D.willgotobe(

)2.

Charlie________herenextmonth.

A.isn'tworking

B.doesn'tworking

C.isn'tgoingtoworking

D.won'twork(

)3.

He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.

A.willbe;is

B.is;is

C.willbe;willbe

D.is;willbe(

)4.

There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.

A.was

B.isgoingtohave

C.willhave

D.isgoingtobe(

)5.

-_____you______freetomorrow

-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;will

B.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbe

D.Are;goingtobe;willbe二、動詞填空1.I______（leave）inaminute.I______（finish）allmyworkbeforeI______（leave）.2.Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother_____（give）herapresent.3.Itisverycoldthesedays.It______（snow）soon.4.-_____you_____（be）herethisSaturday?

-No.I______（visit）myteacher.5.-______I______（get）youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?

-Thankyou.四、過去將來時（一）概念表示過去的某時以后將要發(fā)生的動作。但這個"將來"時間絕不會延伸到“現(xiàn)在”；而僅限于“過去時間區(qū)域內(nèi)”。例句：Iknewyouwouldagree.我知道你會同意的。IsaidIwouldarrangeeverything.我說我來安排一切。

（二）過去將來時練習(xí)題一.選擇填空1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.wouldspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit

B.hasvisited

C.isgoingtovisit

D.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.A.tocome

B.iscomingC.willcome

D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.took

B.wouldtakeC.takes

D.willtake二.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（一）概念表示說話時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為，或者包括說話時刻在內(nèi)的一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。常用時間狀語及標(biāo)志詞：now(atthemoment),listen,look,thisweek,thisevening,thesedays等。

（二）結(jié)構(gòu)由Be(am／is／are)＋動詞—ing構(gòu)成。Listen,Someoneisplayingthepianointhenextroom.

（三）動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式構(gòu)成的幾種方法：1、一般在動詞原形結(jié)尾直接加-ing。read-reading，go-going，visit-visiting

2、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e再加-ing。live-living,write-writing，make-making,take-taking3、

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，雙寫這個字母再加-ing。sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting

4、少數(shù)幾個以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，變ie為y再加-ing。die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying（四）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時練習(xí)題寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________write_______read________have_______sing_______dance_______put______see_____buy______love__________live_______take________come________get________stop________sit________begin________shop__________

二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls__________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls____________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We___________(have)suppernow10.______Helen__________(wash)clothesYes,sheis

過去進(jìn)行時（一）概念表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。動作發(fā)生的特指時間常用一個短語或時間狀語從句來表明，如：atthistimeyesterday，at7:00yesterday，lastnight,fromseventonine,atthattime以when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句等。（二）結(jié)構(gòu)由was/were+動詞-ing構(gòu)成。MyfamilywerewatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.（三）過去進(jìn)行時練習(xí)題一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.3.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.4.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.5.I_____(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.二、選擇題1.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.a.cooked,wereringing

b.wascooking,rang

c.wascooking,wereringing

d.cooked,rang2.Hesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.a.tries

b.tried

c.wastrying

d.willtry3.Whileshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.a.waswatching,washearing

b.watched,washearingc.watched,heard

d.waswatching,heard4.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.a.werewatching

b.watch

c.watched

d.arewatching5.Whatbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?a.did,read,wasseeing

b.did,read,sawc.were,reading,saw

d.were,reading,wasseeing七、現(xiàn)在完成時（一）概念現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,也就是說,動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。e.g.Ihavelostmywallet.(含義是：現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了。)Janehaslaidthetable.(含義是：已可以吃飯了。)Michaelhasbeenill.(含義是：現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱。)（二）結(jié)構(gòu)助動詞have/has+動詞過去分詞，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其他人稱用have。（三）現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題一、單項選擇1、Both

his

parents

look

sad.Maybethey

_________what's

happened

to

him.Ａ.

knew

Ｂ.

haveknown

Ｃ.

mustknow

Ｄ.willknow2、He

has

_______been

to

Shanghai,has

heＡ.

already

Ｂ.never

Ｃ.ever

Ｄ.still3、Have

you

met

Mr

Li______Ａ.

just

Ｂ.

ago

Ｃ.before

Ｄ.

amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyearＡ.is

writing

Ｂ.was

writing

Ｃ.wrote

Ｄ.has

written5、-Ourcountry

______alotsofar.-Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.has

changed;well

Ｂ.

changed;goodＣ.has

changed;betterＤ.

changed;better二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1、Theoldman_________lastyear.He

___________

forayear.(die)2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thisfactory

________fortwentyyears.3、MissGaoleftanhourago.

(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.4、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）Her

mother_______the

Party

three

years

________.5、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.八、過去完成時（一）概念過去完成時表示過去某一時間或某一事件之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，即過去的過去。圖示如下：----|--------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------->過去完成

過去

現(xiàn)在將來（二）構(gòu)成1、肯定句：主語+had＋過去分詞Whenwegotthere,thefootballmatchhadalreadystarted.2、否定句：主語+hadnot+過去分詞Hehadn’tworkedfortwoyearsbythen.3、疑問句：had+主語+過去分詞…

Hadhefinishedtheworkbylastmonth?(三)過去完成時練習(xí)題1.單項選擇1．Heaskedme_____duringthesummerholidays.A.whereIhadbeen

B.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeen

D.wherehadIgone2.What____Jane____bythetimehewassever?A.did,do

B.has,

done

Cdid,did.

D.had,

done3.I______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learned

B.waslearning

C.hadlearned

D.learnt4.She______livedherefor______years.A.had,

afew

B.has,

several

C.had,

alotof

D.has,

agreatdealof5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.A．hadcooked

B.cooked

C.havecooked

D.wascooked2.用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.We_____________(paint)thehousebeforewe______________(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_____________(make)awillbeforehe_____________(die).3.They_____________(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey________(leave).4.Therobbers_____________(runaway)beforethepolicemen_______

(arrive).5.I__________(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeI____________(go)tobed.語態(tài)的歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、語態(tài)英語中動詞有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種語態(tài).主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,在被動語態(tài)中動作的執(zhí)行者有時用by短語表示出來.二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+動詞的過去分詞Thehouseiscleanedeveryday.一般過去時：was/were+動詞的過去分詞Hewastoughtalessonyesterday.三、主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟:TheyspeakEnglish.主語謂語賓語Englishisspokenbythem.主語謂語動詞的過去分詞賓語(1)主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。(2)主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的謂語動詞，即”“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”(be有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化)。(3)主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)閎y的賓語。Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.四、被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)表示被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)一般只通過be表現(xiàn),過去分詞不變。例如：一般現(xiàn)在時:Thetreesareplantedbythefarmers.一般過去時:Thetreeswereplantedbythefarmers.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:Thetreesarebeingplantedbythefarmers.一般將來時：Thetreeswillbeplantedbythefarmers.現(xiàn)在完成時：Thetreeshavebeenplantedbythefarmers.含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：Thetreescan(must,should)beplantedbythefarmers.五、被動語態(tài)的幾種句型：肯定句主語+be+過去分詞+(by…)Asweetsongwassungbyheronthestage.否定句主語+be+not+過去分詞+(by…)Asweetsongwasn’tsungbyheronthestage.一般疑問句Be+主語+過去分詞+(by…)Wasasweetsongsungbyheronthestage?特殊疑問句疑問詞+be+主語+過去分詞+(by…)Wherewasasweetsongsungbyher?六．練習(xí):請把下列主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳?.Thewomanaskedthepolicemanforhelp.2.TheoldmanonTVtellsastoryonSunday.3.Dotheyusetheboxasatable?4.Shesentmeacollectionlastweek.5.Theteacherdoesn’tteachusmaththisterm.定語從句一、概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.﹢Ihaveanapplethatisred.修飾先行詞anappleIlikesingers.Singswritetheirownmusic.﹢Ilikesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.修飾先行詞singers主格賓格所有格指代人whothatwhom/whothatwhose指代物whichthatwhichthatwhoseofwhich當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時,關(guān)系代詞可以省略。HeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.Iprefernoodlesthatisreallydelicious.HarryPotterisaboywhofightswiththemonster.二、用法：who/that在從句中可擔(dān)任主語或賓語.1.Ilovesingerswho(主語)writetheirownsongs.2.Heisthemanwho(賓語)Imetyesterday.3.Ilikemusicthat(賓語)Icandanceto.4.Ipreferasandwichthat（主語）isreallydelicious.Who/that在定語從句中作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與先行詞保持一致。e.g.Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.用“who”或“that”填空。1.Doyouknowthewoman_____iswearingabluedress?2.Theman______istalkingwithmyteacherismyfather.3.Thatbookistheone_____Iboughtyesterday.4.Heisoneoftheworkers______issavedinthataccident.5.Theytalkedofthethingsandpersons______theyrememberedinthefactory.賓語從句一、概念由一個句子充當(dāng)賓語，我們稱之為賓語從句。eg.Iknowtheanswer.(名詞做賓語)IknowthatTomgetstheanswer.(句子做賓語,叫做賓語從句）二、賓語從句的連接詞