定語從句高一-完整版課件

Module5Book3GrammarDefiningAttributiveClausesAttributiveClause定語從句定語從句是修飾_______或_________的一種從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫______，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞就叫做______(relative)。名詞代詞先行詞who/which/that/whose/when/where/why…關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點指時間指原因who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhosewherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞Theusagesofrelatives(關(guān)系詞)ExamplesRulesBoaowasalittlevillagewhich/thatwasunknown.關(guān)系詞是______________指代______(人?/物?),在定語從句中作______語或賓語Peoplewho

livedinthevillageledapoorlife.關(guān)系詞是_________指代________(人?/物?),在定語從句中作______語或賓語Thevillagewasunknown.People

livedinthevillage.which/that物主who人主還原法ExamplesRulesPeoplelivedonfishingorfarminginthisareawhere

lifewaspeacefulbutboring.關(guān)系詞是__________指______(時間?/地點?/原因?),在定語從句中作__________(主語?/賓語?/地點狀語?)Avillagerwhom/that

wemeetdescribeshishometowntous.關(guān)系詞是_____________指代________(人?/物?),在定語從句中作_______（主語?/賓語?）Inthisarea,lifewaspeacefulbutboring.Wemeetthevillager.where地點地點狀語whom/that人賓語ExamplesRulesTherewereonly3streetswhoselengthonlyreached200metersinall.關(guān)系詞是__________即可指人，也可指_____在定語從句中作______(主語?/賓語?/定語?);意為“……的”IwillneverwanttogobacktothedayswhenweliveddependingonGod.關(guān)系詞是_____________指______(時間?/地點?/原因?),在定語從句中作_______(主語?/賓語?/時間狀語?);意為“在那時”Theirlengthonlyreached200metersinall.Duringthedays,weliveddependingonGod.whose物定語when時間時間狀語ExamplesRulesThat’sthereasonwhy

youngpeopleleftourhometown.關(guān)系詞是________指_______(時間?/地點?/原因?),在定語從句中作________(主語?/賓語?/原因狀語?);意為“因為這個原因”Iwillneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentwithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.關(guān)系詞是_____________指代_____(人?/物?),在定語從句中作_______（時間狀語?/主語?/賓語?）Forthisreason,youngpeopleleftourhometown.Ispentthetimewithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.why原因原因狀語that/which物賓語Thegirlwho/thatissingingismysister作定語修飾--thegirl先行詞關(guān)系代詞Thegirlismysister是句子的主干部分who/thatissinging作定語修飾先行詞thegirl并且其中who/that指代thegirl作從句的主語

Thestudentdidn’tdothehomeworkisTom.Itsoundslikeatrainisgoingundertheground.Iwatchedalltheglasses

areonthetablefallontotheground.TheboywesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.Tomatoisanotherplant

earlytravelerstooktoEurope.

that/whothat/whichwhich/that

that/who/whomthat/whichThehouse

theybuiltlastyearwasdestroyed.that/whichPeoplewerekilledintheaccidentweremainlychildren.

who/that關(guān)系代詞的用法.(1)that和which的用法。①that既可指人又可指物,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，which和that在從句中作賓語時可省

*Pleasefindaroomwhich/thatisbigenoughforallofustolivein.請找一間足夠住下我們所有人的房間*Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子*Thisisthethief(that)wehavebeenlookingforrecently.這就是我們近日一直在找的小偷。

②在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞指物時，只能用that，而不能用which的情況

a.

當先行詞是all,alot,(a)little,(a)few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等不定代詞時。*Canyougivemesomethingthathasnosugarinside?

能不能給我點兒里面沒有糖的東西

b.當先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時。*Thisisthefirsttwo-storeybusthatrunsinourcity.

這是第一輛運行于我們城市的雙層公交車。

c.當先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾，以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級同時修飾時。

*GuilinisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.

桂林是我見過的最美麗的城市。

d.當先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修飾時。*Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.

他就是那個把女孩從水中救出來的人。

e.當先行詞中既有人又有物時，關(guān)系代詞用that。*CanyoutellmethepeopleandeventsthatyousawinBritain?

你能告訴我你在英國見到的人和事嗎All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.that

thatthat

thatHamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.

thatthatthatI’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.

that

that

that

thatThefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat(3)whose既可指人又可指物，在從句中修飾名詞作定語它可轉(zhuǎn)化為“the+名詞+ofwhich/whom”和“ofwhich/whom+the+名詞”的形式。*Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecountry.

這就是那位全國知名的科學(xué)家。*Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.

＝Pleasepassmethebookofwhichthecoverisgreen.

請遞給我那本綠色封面的書。用正確的形式填空：Thisisthegirl_______walletwasstolenyesterday.Thisisthegirl_______thewalletwasstolenyesterday.Ilikethebook_______coverisred.Ilikethebook_______thecoverisred.ofwhomwhosewhoseofwhich二、難點突破“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句:“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)。*Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?

還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？

*ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.

這是我兩年前住過的房子。*Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.

在漆黑的大街上沒有一個人能為她提供幫助。

Conclusion當從句不缺主語或賓語時，可考慮用介詞＋關(guān)系代詞。當確定用介詞＋關(guān)系代詞時，介詞的選用可考慮與從句中動詞、形容詞的搭配或與先行名詞的搭配。3.當介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前時，介詞賓語只能用which代物，whom代人。且關(guān)系代詞一律不能省略。1)看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配Thisisthebook___whichyouasked.forTheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.如何選擇介詞注意:動詞短語不能拆開即介詞不提前2)

看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配

Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks____whichIamnotveryfamiliar.3)

根據(jù)先行詞判斷,所用的介詞與先行詞搭配

Thisisourclassroom,____________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.withinthefrontof1.ThemanmybrotheraretalkingtoisapolicemanThemanmybrotheraretalkingisapoliceman.2.Thegamestheyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.Thegamestheyoungmencompletedweredifficult.3.TheplaceIwasborninisJiangsu.TheplaceIwasbornisJiangsu

who/whom/that

towhom

which/thatinwhich

which/that

inwhichCanyoutellmeakindoffoodinQionghaiwhichisveryfamous?Thereisariverherewhosebeautifulsceneryattractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.Thereisahighschoolwhere

youcanseeafamousredbuilding.Where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞是表示地點的名詞或含有地點意義的抽象名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句做狀語。Thisisthetown

where

(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.where作地點狀語=inthetownwhere=atthetable注意1若定語從句缺主語或謂語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich注意2區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和狀語從句Where前面有被修飾的地點名詞時，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.When引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句作狀語。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBijing.when=onthedaywhen=atthetime注意：若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Isentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhy引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句作狀語。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.對比Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which\thatwhy=forthisreasonThisisthehouseLincolnwasborn.whereinwhichThisisthetheatreLincolnwasshot.whereatwhichTheyearLincolnwasbornis1809whenintheyear1.Thisisthefactory_______wewillvisit.2.Thisistheplace_______hewasbornin.3.Thisistheplace_______hewasborn.4.Irememberthedays_______wespent.5.Thisisthefactory______weworks.6.Thisistheplace_______welivein.7.Thisistheplace_______welive.8.Thisisthetime______hedied.Fillintheblankswith“which”,“when”,“where”:whichwhichwherewhichwherewhichwherewhenlogositeBoaoForumforAsia(BFA博鰲亞洲論壇)BoaoTheOldBoaoTenyearsago,Boaowasalittlevillagewhich/thatwasunknown.Peoplewho

livedinthevillageledapoorlife.Peoplelivedonfishingorfarminginthisareawhere

lifewaspeacefulbutboring.Avillagerwhom/thatwemeetdescribeshishometowntous:Therewereonly3streetswhoselengthonlyreached200metersinall.IwillneverwanttogobacktothedayswhenweliveddependingonGod.That’sthereasonwhy

youngpeopleleftourhometown.

ButIwillneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentwithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.左顧·右盼先行詞who/which/that/whose/when/where/why…成分人，物，時間，地點，原因……主，賓，定，狀……關(guān)系詞AncientChinawasacountrywhere

therewerealotofnewideas.Practicemakesperfect!

Completethepassagewithrelatives(關(guān)系詞).BFAisaninternationalorganization_________isnon-governmentandnon-profit(非盈利).Itwassetupin2001,atime______Asiancountriescalledforanewforum(論壇).AsthefixedsiteofBFA,Boaoisatown______naturalconditions(條件)arebrilliant.Leadersofgovernment_________seekforchancesofcooperationmeethereandtalk.Asissaid,BFAisaninternationalparty______leaderscanmakeawin-windeal.That’sthereason______itisafocus(熱點).which/thatwhenwhosewho/thatwherewhythetown’s

naturalconditions…atthisparty,leaders…十年之后，我們是朋友，還可以問候。遙遠的東方有一條江，它的名字就叫長江。

小小的年紀還不懂什么是愛，卻被你甜甜的笑給打敗。我知道,我一直有雙隱形的翅膀,帶我飛,給我希望。

I’matanagewhichIdon’tknowwhatloveis,butyoursweetsmilestilltouchesme.InthedistantEast,thereisariverwhonameisYangtseRiver.IknowIhaveapairofinvisiblewingswherecantakemetoflyandgivemehope.Tenyearslater,wearestillfriendswhencan

stillsayhellotoeachother.Correctthewrongrelativesinpairs.××××which/thatwhenwhosewho/thatTenyearsago,Boaowasatown

________________________________.

ButnowitisfamoustothewholeworldbecauseofBFA.

Thankstotheopportunities

broughtbyBFA,Boaohasdevelopedintoamodernholidaytown________________________________.Inthepast,thelocalpeoplelivedonfarmingorfishing,butnow,thedays_____________________________havegone.Mostofthemhavebecomebossesofshops,cafes,HappyFarmandsoon.Asisknowntoall,Boaotownisbeautifulbeyondwords.People_____________________________willfallinlovewiththisplace.Justcomehere!Itmustbetherightplace______________________________________.Justcomehere—aheaventownyouaredreamingof!ThedevelopmentoftheHeavenTown—Bo’aowhosenamewas

which/thatattractswhentheylivedahardlifewho/thatcomehereforaholidaywhere

youcanenjoythebeautyofnature它的名字不被世人熟知度假小鎮(zhèn)吸引眾多游客lotsoftourists.那時候人們過著清貧生活他們來這里度假在這里你可以享受自然之美rarelyheard關(guān)系詞先行詞(人？物？時間？地點？原因?)在從句中充當成分(主？賓？定？狀?)whowhomthatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy人主語賓語人賓語人物主語賓語物主語賓語人物定語時間時間狀語地點地點狀語原因原因狀語Dearstudents,Iamastudent1_______studiedinLingShanmiddleschoolforthreeyears.Theschool

2______Istudiedwasverybeautiful.Thestudentsalwaysplayfootballontheplayground3__________ismadeupofplastic.Mostofthefriends

4

Iplaywithareallsportslovers.Istillrememberedtheday5______wewerehavingfootballmatch.wewerewarmlywelcomebythestudents

6______hopewastogetNO.1.Mylifeinseniorhighwaswonderfulandthethingsandpersons

______

Imetatschoolwillbeunforgettable.Hopeeverystudentliveahappylifeintheschool.…Completetheletterwithwhere,which,that,

when,who,whomandwhose.(Pleasepayattentiontothebluewords.)who/that

whichwherewhenwhosewho/that/\thatman人subject主語adverbialofplace地點狀語place地點place地點subject主語object賓語time時間adverbialoftime時間狀語man人object物man人man人Pleasecorrecttherelativepronounsandadverbs

Lastweek,wehadabasketballmatchwithstudentsinclass156whenarealwaysveryfriendly.Beforethe

match,wewerealwaysplayingthebasketball

who

wasboughtbyourmonitor.Itwasagoodtimewhichwewereplayingthegamewithourteammembers.Duringthematch,weshouldgiveourbagstoJenny

where

dormitoryisverytidyandbeautiful.Luckily,ourteamgotNo.1atlastandwasawardedtheprizeontheplayground

whywewereplayingthegame.Itwasthereason

which

ourheadmastergaveeachofusabighug.Alltheclassmates

whom

cheerupforuswereveryhappyforthegoodnews.Itwasthebest

daywhichwespentinschool.who/thatwhich/thatwhenwhosewherewhythat/whothatman人subject主語object物subject主語time時間adverbialoftime時間狀語object物man人place地點adverbialofplace地點狀語reasonadverbialofreason時間狀語man人subject主語thehighestdegree最高級object賓語非限定性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有這種從句不影響主句意思完整。一般用逗號把主句和從句分開。引導(dǎo)詞：as,who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等，不用that或why,不能省略Tom'sfather,_______isoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.2.Thisnovel,________Ihavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

3.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:school,museum,andsomeotherplaces,_________othervisitorsseldomgo.4.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.whowhichwhereAs

which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句某一部分，that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Herhouse,

whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago,

stoodstillintheearthquake.那座房子在地震中依然聳立，它是一百多年前建造的。

as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后；

as引導(dǎo)的從句可放在句首、句中或句尾。