深圳市2021-2022學(xué)年初三年級(jí)中考適應(yīng)性考試-物理答案(含評(píng)分細(xì)則)

PAGEPAGE3深圳市2021-2022學(xué)年初三年級(jí)中考適應(yīng)性考試物理學(xué)科試題參考答案一、單選題（本題共8小題，每題2分，共16分）17.B 18.B 19.D 20.A 21.D 22.C 23.B 24.C二、雙選題（有錯(cuò)選不得分、有漏選得2分，本題共5小題，每題3分，共15分）25.BD26.AB27.BD28.AD29.AC三、作圖題（本題共2小題，每題2分，共4分）32分）如圖所示評(píng)分說明：每連對(duì)一條導(dǎo)線得1分，導(dǎo)線交叉扣1分。31.（2分）如圖所示AAL1L2V評(píng)分說明：電源短路0分，只有一盞燈亮得1分。四、實(shí)驗(yàn)題（本大題共3小題，每空1分，每圖1分，共14分）32.(5分)（1）C（2）如圖所示（3）5導(dǎo)體中的電流與導(dǎo)體電阻的乘積一定大于33.（5分）（1）C（2）①0.75 ②實(shí)際功率電流沒有單位偏大34.（4分）（1）C （2）4 電流 （3）右邊容器外的電阻絲斷路（或R3斷路）或開始左右液面調(diào)在同一個(gè)水平面上（其它合理答案也給分）五、計(jì)算題（共2小題，15分）35.（7分）1（）只閉合1時(shí)，電路中只有R工作1U=U=IR=0.3A×40Ω=12V··································································1分1 111 1（2）閉合S、S，R 和R1 1···············································································1分UR12V60I ···············································································1分UR12V6022I=II=I1+I=0.3A+0.2A=0.5A·····················································1分2（（3）電路產(chǎn)生總熱量QQ放=WUIt12V0.5A600s3600J·················································1分總（或根據(jù)焦耳定律求得總熱量，同樣給分）Q Q cmt4.2103J/(kg104200J······························1分吸 水因?yàn)镼 >Q ，所以此電路產(chǎn)生的總熱量不能使0.1kg的水溫度升高10℃。 1分吸 放（）電源電壓12；1 開關(guān)S、S都閉合時(shí)，通過電流表的電流是0.5A1 UR此電路產(chǎn)生的總熱量不能使0.1kg10℃36.（8UR解：1

P 和I

可得：4Ω··························································14Ω··························································1分P額P額

U2 2202 48燈泡電阻：

L 100W WW實(shí)t0.64kW0.64kWh10h

0.064kW

······························1分······························1分燈泡實(shí)際功率：實(shí)由P 和I

UR可得URPR實(shí)L64WPR實(shí)L64W484L

176V································1分···········································1分R與L串聯(lián)：U UU 220V································1分···········································1分0 0 L電路電流：IR0

176VURAURA·································································1分41144V11444V114AU0I ·································································1分411（3）總功率：PUI220V A80W ·····················································1411

80%P實(shí)P64W80W···························································1分（）燈泡的電阻是48P實(shí)P64W80W··········································