專(zhuān)題15科學(xué)技術(shù)類(lèi)閱讀理解-2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和題型考前一遍過(guò)

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2020年考語(yǔ)法題考一過(guò)15內(nèi)容（數(shù)量）Part1Part2Part3

真題再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)梳理模擬在線

2019全卷2019全國(guó)卷22019國(guó)卷技巧點(diǎn)撥睡眠對(duì)人好處，充足睡眠是提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的關(guān)鍵開(kāi)發(fā)虛擬旅行技術(shù)Part真再現(xiàn)真1.C全國(guó)I】dataandmorethefor生物測(cè)量)likefingerprintscanstokeepothersofprivatee-spaces.Atthesetechnologiesareexpensive,though.sayhavecomeupwithdevice(置)getsaroundthisproblem:smartkeyboard.Thissmartpreciselymeasures節(jié)奏withwhichandthefingersapplyeachkey.Thecouldlayerofbyanalyzingliketheforceofuser'sandbetweenkeyThesepatternsareeachcanpeople'sbyextension,whethershouldbegivenaccessit'sconnected—whethersomeoneItrequiretypeoftechnologyalreadyfamiliarwith.aandtypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchers100volunteerstheword“touch”fourtimesusingthekeyboard.thecouldusedtodifferentparticipantsbasedontheytyped,withveryerrorresearcherskeyboardstraightforwardtomostlyofThemakeitmarketinthe

28.Whydoresearcherskeyboard?Toonkeys.C.Tothepasswordsystem.

ToaccuracyinTocoste-space29.Whatmakestheinventionof？easiertoFingerprinttechniquesdevelopC.persontoperson.Data30.Whatresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard？1osoisgitieocooll.It'llbeC.It'llof.31.Whereismostfrom?

It'llreachIt'llhelpupAdiary.2.D全國(guó)II】

AC.AD.Aanannoyingforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微物)frombodiesgrowoftheInternationalStation,sospendhourscleaningweek.HowNASAovercomingthisverytinyproblem?Itturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butanykids.ItdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclass,thescienceDonnaHimmelbergatHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAFortheyears,Gordon’sstudentsstudyingwayskillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey’recloseasolution(解決方案.“Wegivethestudentsanybreaks.toitlikeengineers,”Florenceaproject“Therearenotests,”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostareotherthanyouworkingtowardsyour’Basically,it‘I’vegottoproducethisproductthen,attheendofyear,presenttoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanpersonreview,and…it’sverynicethingattime.Itabusinessreviewofyourproduct.”animpact(響collegeadmissionsandpracticalskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idonteach.”Andthatannoyingbacteria?Gordonhis

studentsareemailingdailywithNASAaboutproblem,readyingasolutiontoinspace.32.WhataboutbacteriaintheInternationalStation?arehardtogetridof.C.appear33.Whatpurposeofprogram?Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.C.Toallowtozerogravity.

Theyleadairpollution.damagetheinstruments.B.Tosharpenstudentscommunicationskills.Tolinktechnologywithschooleducation34.WhatNASAforintheChecktheirC.Adjustschedules.35.Whatbesttitleforthetext?NASA:Astronauts.TheHomeworkFrontier.C.Nature:OutdoorHUNCH:AAdmissionReform.3.D全國(guó)III

GuideprojectGradetheirMonkeysawithAteamresearchersRhesustoassociate26clearlydifferentandselectiveletterswith0-25dropswaterorjuiceasaThetestedhowcombinedoraddedsymbolstheSchoolMargaretledthedescribedexperiment:thewereprovidedwithscreens.onepartsymbolwouldandontheothersidesymbolsinsideacircleshown.example,numberononeotherhave98.Ifleftsideofbewithdropswaterorjuice;iftheywentforcircle,berewardedwiththeofnumbers17inexample.Afterhundredsofresearchersthatthemonkeyswouldformoretime,indicatingthattheywereperformingcalculation,notjustthevalueof

theteamexaminedtheresultsoftheclosely,theythatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(估)awithasinglesymbolwerecloseinchoosing,fora13ofandunderestimationwasWhenaddingtwoandthenaddedonlyfraction(小部分ofthenumbertoit."Thisthatacertainityisrepresentedinbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentthey'repayingmoreattentiontothenumberthanthelittle”32.Whatdidthedothem?fedC.them.

Theynamedthem.33.HowgettheirinByacircle.C.Bywatchingvideos.34.Whatdidteamfindaboutthemonkeys?couldperformC.could

BytouchingBymixingTheycouldsimplewords.couldholdtheirforlong.35.InwhichofthistextEntertainment.Health.C.D.答案

2019全1.C全國(guó)I】【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。目前，數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來(lái)越普遍，指紋掃描等這些技術(shù)仍是昂貴的。本文介紹了一種新的科技智能鍵盤(pán)項(xiàng)技術(shù)通過(guò)記錄用戶(hù)的打習(xí)慣來(lái)識(shí)別主人網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間用戶(hù)保護(hù)隱私。28.D細(xì)理解題。由第一“present,thesetechnologiesstillexpensive,though.和二段的theyupwithlow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:akeyboard.知，研究者們開(kāi)發(fā)智能鍵盤(pán)是為了降低e-space保護(hù)的成本。故選D。29.C推判斷題。由第二“patternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus，keyboardcandeterminepeopleidentities可知，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的打字方式不同，使智能鍵盤(pán)能夠識(shí)別人的身份。故選C。

30.B推理判斷題。由最后一“Thehopesittomarketthenearfuture.”知，研究者們希望智能鍵盤(pán)能早日上市，也就是希望早日到達(dá)消費(fèi)者手中。故選B。31.D推判斷題。本文介紹了種新的科—能鍵盤(pán)，它能給e-space用帶來(lái)安全，由此知，本文是科技說(shuō)明文，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)可知，本文可能來(lái)自于一本科研雜志上。故選D。2.D全國(guó)II】【答案】32.A34.A35.【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。本文介紹HUNCH項(xiàng)目就是通過(guò)Gordon的生找到如何殺死空間站的細(xì)菌這一技術(shù)，把空間技術(shù)與帶進(jìn)課堂，與學(xué)校教育相結(jié)合，從而最終影響到大學(xué)入學(xué)。32.A細(xì)理題第段中的Bacteriaareannoyingproblemforastronauts…cleaningthemupeach”可知，細(xì)菌對(duì)宇航員來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)令人討厭的問(wèn)題。這種來(lái)自我們身體的微生物在國(guó)際空間站的表不受控制地生長(zhǎng)，宇航員每周要花幾個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)清理它們。也就是說(shuō)它們很難去掉。其中的“themicroorganisms包括“bacteria。此可知，A項(xiàng)合題意。33.D推判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Gordon’sstudentsstudyingtokillbacteriainzerogravity,...可，旨把高中教室和工程師聯(lián)系起來(lái)。的生一直在研究如何在零重力下殺死細(xì)”。合最后一段中的“Gordonstudentsareemailingdailywithengineersabouttheproblem,...知，學(xué)生每天都給NASA的工程師發(fā)郵件一起探如殺死空間站的細(xì)菌這一空間技術(shù)個(gè)問(wèn)題此推斷出HUNCHprogram的目的把空間技術(shù)與學(xué)校教育相結(jié)合?？芍xD34.A細(xì)理解題第段中“’vegottoproduceproductandthen…It’sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.可知NASA的工程師要檢查學(xué)生所做的產(chǎn)品。分析選可知A項(xiàng)符合題意，故選A。35.B主旨大意題介了HUNCH項(xiàng)把如何殺死空間站的細(xì)菌這一空間技術(shù)引入Gordon學(xué)的課堂，參與宇航員航天課題研究的情況，因此《太空：最后的作業(yè)前沿》能全面概括文章的意思，故。3.D全國(guó)III【答案】32.34.AD【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章開(kāi)篇指出猴子對(duì)數(shù)字有一定的概念，隨后研究人員進(jìn)行了一列的實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)驗(yàn)證這一理論。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，猴子不僅能記住簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字，還能進(jìn)行一定的運(yùn)算。32.C細(xì)理解題二段第一句AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswithdropsofwaterorjuiceareward.知研究人員在正式對(duì)猴子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)前事先對(duì)猴子做了相關(guān)方面的訓(xùn)練，故選C。

33.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一“touchedleftsideofscreenberewardedwithdropsorjuice知，猴子在實(shí)驗(yàn)中通過(guò)觸摸相應(yīng)數(shù)字對(duì)應(yīng)區(qū)域的屏幕來(lái)得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，故選。34.A推判斷題。由第四“...indicatingtheywereperformingcalculation,justmemorizingthevalueofcombination.可知大實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明猴子不僅僅是記住每種數(shù)字組合相加的結(jié)果值是以成進(jìn)一步的簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算，故選。35.D推理判斷題。文章首先給出了一個(gè)關(guān)于猴子對(duì)數(shù)字有一定概念的結(jié)論，隨后介紹了研究人員猴子進(jìn)行的數(shù)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的步驟及實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象，這一類(lèi)主題一般不在環(huán)境、健康板塊，而相比教育，科研板更符合文章實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的性質(zhì)，故選D。Part考梳理(技巧撥）“科學(xué)技術(shù)”是高中新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)話題之一。該話題包括各領(lǐng)域最新科技知識(shí)、最新發(fā)明創(chuàng)造等面?？萍家呀?jīng)影響滲透到我們生活的方方面面，例如電視、電腦、手機(jī)MP3、箭、衛(wèi)星、宇宙飛船……總之生活離不開(kāi)科技，科技在為生活服務(wù)。點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，時(shí)時(shí)事事，科技無(wú)處不在。體裁一般為說(shuō)明文分值所占比重也比較高。Part模在線模擬一Sleepisessentialforaperson’swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatsleeplossincreasesaperson’sofdevelopingseriousmedicalconditions.anewstudyhasthatgettingenoughsleepistheimprovingacademicperformance.Jeffreytheresearch,wastryingtofindthecorrelation關(guān)sleepgradeswhenhehandedFitbitstothestudentshisInstead,professorhopedthepopularwrist-wornelectronicdevice裝置)tracksaperson’sactivityshowaconnectionbetweenphysicalexerciseandachievement.Aspartoftheresearch,aquarteroftheparticipantschoseafitnessspeciallycreatedforthestudy.Aftertheschooltermended,theresearcherscarefullyanalysedthedata.MuchtoGrossman’ssurprise,foundmeasurabledifferencetestperformancethethathadphysicallyactiveandthethathadnot.

However,thestudypresentedasurprisingviewpointthejournalScienceofLearning.throughlargeofnoticedaninterestingtrend向fromtheparticipantspatterns.wasastraight-linerelationshiptheaverageamountofsleepandhis/hergradeontheexams.Besides,itwasnotenoughforstudentstoheadtobedearlythenightbeforetest.Grossman’veheardthephrase‘Getagoodnightsleep,you’vegotbigtomorrow.Itturnsoutthisdoesnotattotestperformance.Instead,itthesleepyougetduringdayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.”Thetimestudentswenttonightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosebedinearlyhoursoftheperformedpoorly,eveniftotalsleeptimewasthehigher-performingstudent.Theresearchnotthatsleepisonlycomponenthelpsacademicperformance.However,Grossmansaystheresultsastrongindicationthatmatters.WhogettingA’sjustrequiredsomeextraZZZ’s?1．’sGrossman’soriginalpurposebyusingFitbitsintheresearch?A．studentssleeppatterns.B．regulatestudentsdailybehavior.C．monitorstudents’physicalconditon.．findeffectsofphysicalexercisegrades.2．WhatGrossmanthinkoftheresearchresult?A．wasunexpected.C．wasunreliable.

B．waschangeable．fruitless.3．Whatplaysimportantparttestperformance?A．inthelearningstage.C．qualitynightbeforethetest.4．Whatisbestfortext?A．PhysicallyActiveSleepMoreB．SleepBenefitsWellbeingC．ZZZ’sforGoodTestPerformance．MoreExercise,BetterSchoolwork

B．a(chǎn)mountofsleepduringtests.．regularbedtime.答案

模一

答案．D2A3．A．【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要敘述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠不僅對(duì)人的身體有好處，充足的睡眠是提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的關(guān)鍵。節(jié)理解題第二段中Instead,hopedpopularwrist-wornelectronicdevice裝置)whichtracksa’activityshowaconnectionbetweenphysicalexercise相反，這位教授希望這款廣受歡迎的腕式電子裝置能夠顯示出體育鍛煉和學(xué)術(shù)成就之間的聯(lián)系。式電子裝置可以全天候追蹤一個(gè)人的活動(dòng)?？芍?，格羅斯曼）在研究中使用fitbit的初目的是想發(fā)現(xiàn)體育鍛煉對(duì)成績(jī)的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中MuchGrossmantheynodifferencetestperformancethatbeenphysicallythat令羅斯Grossman）大為驚訝的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在運(yùn)動(dòng)組和非運(yùn)動(dòng)組之間，測(cè)試成績(jī)并沒(méi)有顯著差異。可知，格羅曼認(rèn)為研究結(jié)果是出乎意料的。故選A項(xiàng)。．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中says:“We’‘good’’vegotbigdaytomorrow.ItturnsoutthisdoesnotrelatealltoInstead,it’sleepgetthelearningishappening格羅斯曼說(shuō)聽(tīng)過(guò)這樣一句‘個(gè)好覺(jué)，明天你會(huì)有重要的一天果現(xiàn)，這與測(cè)試成績(jī)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有。相反，最重要的是你在習(xí)期間的睡眠知在學(xué)習(xí)階段的睡眠在考試成績(jī)中起著更重要的作用。故選A項(xiàng)．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Sleepisessentialfora’wellbeing.havefoundthatsleeplosspersonofmedicalNow,anewfoundthatgettingalsokeytoimproving睡對(duì)個(gè)人的健康至關(guān)重要。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠不足會(huì)增加一個(gè)人患上嚴(yán)重疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?，F(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，充足的睡眠也是提高學(xué)習(xí)績(jī)的關(guān)鍵?？芍?，本文主要敘述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠不僅對(duì)人的身體有好處，充足的睡眠也是提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的鍵。因此，本文的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“充足的睡眠有益于我們的健康B項(xiàng)。模擬二Japansbiggestairlinebettingthatthefutureoftravelisn'ttravelingatall.lastmonth,marriedcoupleinteractingwitharobot-calledanAvatar-that'scontrolledbytheirdaughterhundredsofaway.byANAHoldingsInc.itlookslikecleaneriPadattachedButscreendisplaysdaughter'sfaceastheychat,andwheelslethermoveslowlyaboutthehouseasthoughshe'sreallythere."Virtualtravel"isnothingofcourse.Storytellers,travelwritersandartistshave刺)the

sensearmchairtouristsforcenturies.It'sonlyinrecentthatfrequent,travelavailabletothenon-wealthy.Yetevenastheworld'smiddleclassesclimbofthearmchairandintoeconomy-classseats,theresignsofapost-travelsocietycomingintoabout可持續(xù)發(fā)展arehavingannegativeinfluenceoncarbon-intensiveairlines.Andtheagingofwealthysocietiesisbothslowingphysicaltravelandcreatingforvariouswaystoexperienceworld.thetravelindustry,virtual擬的)realityoffersattractiveresponsetothesetrend.Ofcourse,far-outtechnologiesfar-outclaims.ANAdoesn'tplantostartsellingAvatarsuntilnextyear.Profits,too,willprobablybedifficultachieve:accordingtooneinvestigation,theglobalmarketforkindoftechnologybeworthonly$300millionby2023.contrast,ANA'straditionaltravelbusinessbroughtthanbillionlastyearButifthebusinessforvirtualvacationsisstillweak,thefortechnologiesthatbridgephysicaldistancesbetweenfamiliesandseemslikelytoexpand.ANA'srobotsnotreplaceairplanesanytimethey'llcertainlybeapartoftravel’sfuture.5．“Avatarismentionedinparagraph1to_________.A．displayhowpeopletravelwiththerobot“Avatar”.B．serviceofferedbyJapan'sbiggestairline.C．inthetopicofvirtualtravelprovidingvividscene.．describerobot"Avatar"looksitworks.6．canbeinferredparagraph3people'schoiceofvirtualtravelmaybetheresultof____