2022年考研考博-考博英語-云南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號30

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-云南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thesaleofalcoholsbeveragesis（

）tothoseabove21insomeregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confined

B.inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“限制”的意思，其中A選項(xiàng)confine暗示束縛性、限制性的或阻撓性的限制；B選項(xiàng)inhibit強(qiáng)調(diào)禁止、抑制；C選項(xiàng)oblige除了“限制”外，還有“迫使”的含義，D選項(xiàng)restrict指限制行為、活動(dòng)、事物的范圍；句意是‘在有些地區(qū)，酒精飲料只能出售給21歲以上的成年人?！訢選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

AscientistnamedChardonnetif,bywatchingsilkworms,realizedthatliquidleavesmustbeforcedthroughmanytinyholes（

）formfine,silk-likethreads.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whento

B.thatthey

C.iftheyareto

D.astheyareto

【答案】D

【解析】語法（狀語從句）題。分析題干可知，空格后的“formfine,silk-likethreads”在原句中為狀語從句，所以排除B選項(xiàng)；A選項(xiàng)缺少主語，排除；C選項(xiàng)的if引導(dǎo)的如果是真實(shí)條件句，主句部分則需要用將來吋態(tài)，所以排除；D選項(xiàng)as可以引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，正確，句意是‘一位名叫Chardonnetif的科學(xué)家通過觀察桑蠶發(fā)現(xiàn)，富含汁液的樹葉必須通很多微孔才能形成纖細(xì)的，如絲般的紋理?！?/p>

3.單選題

Infinance,opportunitycostanalysisreferstotheamountthatcouldhavebeenmadeinotherinvestments（

）theexpectedinvestmentreturn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparedin

B.ascomparing

C.compared

D.comparedwith

【答案】D

【解析】語法（分詞做狀語）題。分析題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格后的“theexpectedinvestmentreturn預(yù)計(jì)投資收益”在原句中充當(dāng)狀語成分，它的邏輯主語是theamount,需要用表示被動(dòng)的過去分詞，排除B選項(xiàng)；固定搭配becomparedwith，表示“與…相比”，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thebranchescouldhardly（）theweightofthefruit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retain

B.sustain

C.maintain

D.remain

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)retain“保持、保留”；B選項(xiàng)sustain“維持、支撐”；C選項(xiàng)maintain“維護(hù)、維持”；D選項(xiàng)remain“剩下、留下”，句意為：樹枝幾乎無法承受果實(shí)的重量。sustaintheweightofsth“支撐某物”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Thenumberofcopiesthepaperseilsseemstobein（）proportiontotheamountofnewsitcontains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverse

B.inverse

C.reverse

D.averse

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inreverse“相反”，本句意為“這份報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量似乎與它所包含的新聞量成反比”，這句話想要表達(dá)的是報(bào)紙發(fā)行量太少，inreverse表達(dá)“相反”的意思使得句子邏輯成立。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

Theirsuccessinincreasingthemarketshareresultedfromtheirbreak-throughin（）oftheproductconfiguration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quality

B.stereotype

C.ads

D.maintenance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”；B選項(xiàng)stereotype“老套、成見”；C選項(xiàng)ads“廣告”；D選項(xiàng)maintenance“維持、保養(yǎng)”，句意為：他們之所以能成功地提高市場份額，是因?yàn)樗麄冊诋a(chǎn)品配置的質(zhì)量上取得了突破。quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”符合題意，因此選A。

7.單選題

ForthepeoplewhohavenevertraveledacrosstheAtlanticthevoyageisafantasy.ButforthepeoplewhocrossitfrequentlyonecrossingoftheAtlanticisverymuchlikeanother,andtheydonotmakethevoyageforthe（1）ofitsinterest.Mostofusarequitehappywhenwefeel

（2）

togotobedandpleasedwhenthejourney

（3）

.

OnthefirstnightthistimeIfeltespeciallylazyandwenttobed

（4）

earlierthanusual.WhenI

（5）

mycabin,Iwassurprised

（6）

thatIwastohaveacompanionduringmytrip,whichmademefeelalittleunhappy.Ihadexpected

（7）

buttherewasasuitcase

（8）

mineintheoppositioncorner.Iwonderedwhohecouldbeandwhathewouldbelike.Soonafterwardshecamein.Hewasthesortofmanyoumightmeet

（9）

,exceptthathewaswearing

（10）

goodclothesthatImadeupmymindthatwewouldnot

（11）

whoeverhewasanddidnotsay

（12）

.AsIhadexpected,hedidnottalktomeeitherbutwenttobedimmediately.

IsupposeIsleptforseveralhoursbecausewhenIwokeupitwasalreadythemiddleofthenight.Ifeltcoldbutcovered

（13）

aswellasIcouldandtriestogobacktosleep.ThenIrealizedthata

（14）

wascomingfromthewindowopposite.IthoughtperhapsIhadforgotten

（15）

thedoor,soIgotup

（16）

thedoorbutfounditalreadylockedfromtheinside.Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite.Icrossedtheroomand

（17）

themoonshonethroughitontotheotherbed.

（18）

there.Ittookmeaminuteortwoto

（19）

thedoormyself.Irealizedthatmycompanion

（20）

throughthewindowintothesea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reason

B.motive

C.cause

D.sake

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tiredenough

B.enoughtired

C.enoughtiring

D.enoughtiring

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.achieved

B.finish

C.isover

D.isintheend

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.quite

B.rather

C.fairly

D.somehow

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.arrivedin

B.reachedto

C.arrivedto

D.reachedat

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.forseeing

B.thatIsaw

C.atseeing

D.tosee

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.beinglonely

B.tobelonely

C.beingalone

D.tobealone

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.as

C.similarthan

D.thesamethat

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.ineachplace

B.forallparts

C.somewhere

D.anywhere

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.aso

B.so

C.sucha

D.such

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.treattogetherwell

B.passtogetherwell

C.getonwelltogether

D.gobywelltogether

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.himasingleword

B.himnotoneword

C.asinglewordtohim

D.notonewordtohim

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.upme

B.upmyself

C.uptomyself

D.myselfup

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.draft

B.voice

C.air

D.sound

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.toclose

B.closing

C.tohavetoclose

D.forclosing

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.toshut

B.forshutting

C.inshutting

D.butshut

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.whiledoinglikethat

B.asIdidlikethat

C.asIdidso

D.atdoingso

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasnoone

B.Therewasnoone

C.Itwasanyone

D.Therewasanyone

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.remindtolock

B.remembertolock

C.remindlocking

D.rememberlocking

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.hastojump

B.wastohavejumped

C.musthavejumped

D.couldbejumped.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】（1）固定搭配。Forthereasonof“原因是”；forthemotivateof“動(dòng)機(jī)是”；forthecauseof“原因是”；forthesakeof“為了……”。句意：他們航行不是為了自己的興趣。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（2）語法題。Tired“疲勞的”，修飾人；tiring“令人疲勞的”，修飾物。主語是we，所以排除C和D項(xiàng)。又因?yàn)閑nough修飾形容詞需要后置，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：當(dāng)我們感到非常疲倦而上床睡覺時(shí)，大多數(shù)人都是愉快的。

（3）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Achieve“達(dá)到”；finish“結(jié)束”；isover“結(jié)束”；沒有搭配beintheend。句意：當(dāng)旅途結(jié)束的時(shí)候。因?yàn)榫渥拥闹髡Z為thejourney，根據(jù)主謂一致原則，謂語需用第三人稱單數(shù)，選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（4）副詞詞義辨析。Quite“相當(dāng)”；rather“相當(dāng)”；fairly“公平地”；somehow“以某種方式，不知為何”。因?yàn)榭崭窈鬄閑arlier形容詞的比較級，rather可修飾比較級，句意：第一天晚上，我覺得特別懶，比平時(shí)更早上床睡覺。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（5）詞組辨析。Arrivein“到達(dá)”；arriveto“達(dá)成”；reach為及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語不需要介詞。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)船艙。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（6）固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配besurprisedatdoing“看到某事正驚訝”,besurprisedtodo“驚訝地看到某事”,besurprisedthat“驚訝于”，可排除選項(xiàng)A。句意：我很驚訝地看到，將有一個(gè)同伴和我一同旅行，這使我感到有點(diǎn)不開心。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（7）固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配expecttodosth.“期待做某事”，可排除A和C項(xiàng)。Lonely“孤獨(dú)的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心感到孤獨(dú)。Alone“單獨(dú)的，一個(gè)人的”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心感受。句意：我期待一個(gè)的獨(dú)處。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（8）固定搭配。沒有固定搭配similarthan和thesamethat，所以C和D項(xiàng)可排除。Like和as都表示“像”，like后接名詞和短語，as后接從句。句意：在對面的角落里有一個(gè)和我一樣的手提箱。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（9）副詞詞義辨析。ineachplace“在每個(gè)地方”；forallparts“對于所有部分”；somewhere“在某處”；anywhere“在任何地方”。句意：他是那種你在任何地方都可能遇到的人。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（10）根據(jù)固定搭配so+adj./adv.+a/an+名詞，such+a/an+adj./adv.+名詞，因?yàn)閏lothes為復(fù)數(shù)，所以其前無需用冠詞，選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。So短語的中心為形容詞或副詞，such短語中心詞為名詞。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：他穿著如此好的衣服。

（11）固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配getonwelltogether“與……相處愉快”。句意：我打定主意我們不能在一起和睦相處。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（12）固定搭配，根據(jù)固定搭配saysth.tosb.“跟某人說某話”，選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。又因?yàn)榭崭袂耙呀?jīng)含有否定詞not，所以這里無需再用否定。句意：不跟他說一句話。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（13）固定搭配，根據(jù)固定搭配coverup“蓋住”，可排除選項(xiàng)C。又因?yàn)閏overup為副詞短語，賓語為名詞，可放中間也可放后面，賓語為代詞，只能放中間，所以正確表達(dá)應(yīng)為covermyselfup。句意：我把我自己蓋住。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（14）名詞詞義辨析。Draft“草稿，小股氣流”；voice“人說話的聲音”；air“空氣”；sound“大自然的聲音”。根據(jù)下文Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite，“冷空氣從對面的窗戶進(jìn)來”，可知空格中應(yīng)該填入的意思為“氣流，空氣”，選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。又因?yàn)楣谠~a，所以選項(xiàng)C可排除。句意：小股風(fēng)從窗戶進(jìn)來。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（15）固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配forgettodo“忘記去做某事（未做）”；forgetdoing“忘記做過某事（已做）”。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)忘記關(guān)窗，未關(guān)窗，所以選項(xiàng)C和B可排除。因?yàn)闆]有搭配forgetfor，選項(xiàng)D可排除。句意：我認(rèn)為我可能忘記關(guān)門了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（16）語法題。根據(jù)文意，可知作者起床的目的是關(guān)門，介詞to可表目的，句意：我認(rèn)為我可能忘記關(guān)門了，于是我起床去關(guān)門。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（17）語法題。根據(jù)文意，表達(dá)的是“當(dāng)我穿過房間的時(shí)候”，所以空格填入一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，at不能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從，選項(xiàng)D可排除。又因?yàn)閣hile引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的延續(xù)性，通常為進(jìn)行式，as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從可作為主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景。句意：當(dāng)我穿過房間的時(shí)候，我看到月光透過窗戶照到另外一張床上。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（18）語法題。根據(jù)文章，表達(dá)的意思是“沒有人”，所以選用therebe句型表示“有，存在”。選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。又因?yàn)閚oone“沒有人”；anyone“任何人”，選項(xiàng)D可排除。句意：沒有人在那兒。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（19）固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配remembertodo“記得去做某事（未做）”；rememberdoing“記得做過某事”。沒有搭配remindtodo和reminddoing，選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。根據(jù)上文“Igotuptoclosethedoor,butfounditalreadylockedfromtheinside”，可知我起身要關(guān)上門，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)門已經(jīng)從里面鎖上了。所以這里要表達(dá)的意思是記“想起來我自己關(guān)了門”，選項(xiàng)B可排除。句意：我花了一兩分鐘才想起自己已經(jīng)鎖門的事。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（20）語法題。固定搭配havetojump“不得不跳”；wastohavedone“本將跳”；musthavejumped“一定已經(jīng)跳了”；couldbejumped“本可能跳了”。根據(jù)文意，表達(dá)的意思是推測我的同伴一定是從窗戶跳進(jìn)了海里。所以是對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測，用musthavedone。句意：我意識到我的同伴一定是從窗戶跳進(jìn)了海里。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesintheschemeproposed,but（）Ithinkweshouldbenefitbyadoptingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inbalance

B.offbalance

C.onbalance

D.outofbalance

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。inbalance“保持”；onbalance“總的來說”；outofbalance“失去平衡”。本句意為“總的來說，我認(rèn)為采用它對我們有好處”，用“總的來說”順承“提出的方案有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)”。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Theconstructionofandtheoriesreflectsthescientists’interpretationof（

）whathasbeenobserved.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prototypes

B.hypotheses

C.fantasies

D.imaginations

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析A選項(xiàng)prototype“原型，雛形”；B選項(xiàng)hypothesis“假說，假設(shè)”；C選項(xiàng)fantasy“幻想，空想”；D選項(xiàng)imagination“想象力，想象”；根據(jù)由and連接與空格所填詞語并列的theories可以確定，題干強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“研究的假設(shè)和理論”，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Thereiscurrentlyaboardanewwaveofappreciationforbreadthofknowledge.Curriculaatuniversitiesandcollegesandprogramsinfederalagenciesextolthevirtuesofabroadeducation.Forscientistswhoworkinspecializedjobs,itisapleasuretoescapeinoursparetimetoreadbroadlyinfieldsdistantfromourown.Someofushavemadeinterdisciplinarystudyinouroccupation,whichisnosurprise,becausemuchoftheintellectualactioninoursocietytodayliesattheinterfacesbetweentraditionaldisciplines.Environmentalscienceisagoodexample,becauseitfrequentlyrequiresustobeconversantinseveraldifferentsciencesandevensomeunscientificfields.

Experiencingthisbreadthofknowledgeisstimulating,butsoisdelvingdeeplyintoasubject.Botharewonderfulexperiencesthatarecomplementarypracticalandaestheticways.Theyarelikeviewingthemarveloussculptureofknowledgeintwodifferentways.Lookatthesculpturefromoneperspectiveandyouseethepieceinitsentirety,howitscomponentsconnecttogiveitform,balance,andsymmetry.Fromanotherviewpointyouseeitsdetail,depthandmass.Thereisnoneedtochoosebetweenthesetwoperspectivesinart.Todosowouldsubtractfromthetotalityofthefigure.

Soitiswithscience.Sometimeswegazethroughasubjectandarereluctanttostopfortoomuchdetail.Aschemists,wearefascinatedbycomputerscienceormoleculargenetics,butnotenoughtobecomeanexpert.Orwemaybeinterestedinananalyticaltechniquebutnotenoughtostayatitscuttingedge.Atothertimes,webecomeimmersedinthedetailofasubjectandseeitsbeautyinanentirelydifferentwaythanwhenwebrowse.Itisasifwepenetratethesurfaceofthesculptureandpassthroughthecrystalstructuretothemolecularlevelwherethecodefortheentirestructureisrevealed.

Unfortunately,inourzealforbreadthordepth,weoftenfeelthatitisnecessarytodiminishthevalueoftheother.Specialistsaresometimesridiculedwithnamedsuchas“nerd”or“technocrats”,generalistsareoftencriticizedforbeingtoo“soft”orknowingtoolittleaboutanyonething.Bothareludicrousaccusationsthatdenyapartoftherealityofenvironmentalscience.Letusnotbedividedbyourpassionfordepthorbreadth.Thebeautythatawaitsusoneitherrouteistooprecioustostifle,toowonderfultodiminishbybickering.

1.Fromabroadeducationtointerdisciplinarystudy,wecansee（）.

2.Thecommentatorwouldsaythatthetotalityofthesculptureofknowledge（）.

3.Justbecausewebecomeengrossedinthedetailofasubject,accordingtothecomment,doesnotmeanthatwe（）.

4.Itiscommentator’scontentionthatneitherspecialistsnorgeneralist（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theintegrationoftheorywithpractice

B.theenthusiasmforbreadthofknowledge

C.therapiddivisionoftraditionaldisciplines

D.theconfrontationbetweenspecialistsandgeneralists

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ismainlycomposedoftwoelements

B.presentstwodifferentpointsofview

C.cannotbeperceivedfromoneperspective

D.isawholemadeupofcomplementaryelements

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.canhaveanunderstandingofit

B.willdevelopintoanexpert

C.willperceiveitsentirety

D.areinterestedinit

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.havezealforthetotalityoftheknowledgesculpture

B.representthedepthandbreadthofknowledge

C.arenecessarilysupposedtobelittletheother

D.canbequalifiedasenvironmentalscientists

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.InterdisciplinaryStudyasOurOccupation

B.BreadthandDepthofKnowledge

C.TheWaysofDoingScience

D.TheBeautyofScience

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段，知識廣度的興起，讓大家擁有了遠(yuǎn)離自己領(lǐng)域研究的快樂，也能感受到對知識廣度的追求和熱愛。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Theyarelikeviewingthemarveloussculptureofknowledgeintwodifferentways”,他們就像用兩種不同的方式來欣賞這座知識的雕塑。由此可知，對于評論家來說這兩種不同的方式就像是兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“Atothertimes,webecomeimmersedinthedetailofasubjectandseeitsbeautyinanentirelydifferentwaythanwhenwebrowse.Itisasifwepenetratethesurfaceofthesculptureandpassthroughthecrystalstructuretothemolecularlevelwherethecodefortheentirestructureisrevealed”,在其他時(shí)候，我們會(huì)沉浸在一個(gè)主題的細(xì)節(jié)中，以一種與瀏覽完全不同的方式看到它的美。這就好像我們穿透了雕塑的表面，穿過晶體結(jié)構(gòu)到達(dá)了分子水平，在那里，整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的密碼被揭示了。由此可知，通過一個(gè)主題細(xì)節(jié)可以觀察到它的美，但要認(rèn)知到整體還是不夠的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章最后一段“Letusnotbedividedbyourpassionfordepthorbreadth.Thebeautythatawaitsusoneitherrouteistooprecioustostifle,toowonderfultodiminishbybickering”,讓我們不要因?qū)ι疃然驈V度的熱情而分裂。在兩條路線上等待我們的美麗是太珍貴而不能扼殺，太美妙而不能因爭吵而減少。由此可知，不管是專家還是通才，都不應(yīng)受到貶低。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章內(nèi)容是對知識深度和廣度的探討和研究。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous,Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap,“Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?”

“Wehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoit,”Edwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic.Infact,whenliewasapplyingtoOxford,noneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.“Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,”hisfathersays,“usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.”Soonafter,EdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbook,“TeachYourChildrenHowtoThink”，inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.

Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence,andeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattle,tryingtoteachthemtothink?‘‘Youknow,”EdwarddeBonosays,“ifyouexaminepeople’sthinking,itisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”“TeachYourChildHowtoThink”offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.

1.WhatisTRUEaboutCasper?

2.CaspersucceededinapplyingtoOxfordbecause（

）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward（

）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsexpressesEdwarddeBono’sview?

5.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HeisEdward'sson.

B.Heisanadventurousthinker.

C.Hefirstdescribedlateralthinking.

D.Heisoftenscoldedbyhisteacher.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hewascarefulandoftenoverworked

B.allofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance

C.heusedintheexamthetechniquesprovidedbyhisfather

D.hereadthebook"TeachYourChildHowtoThink”beforetheexam

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.waslikelytoimprovechildren’slogicwithhisbook

B.gaveadescriptionoflateralthinkingseveralyearsafterhissonwasborn.

C.waspromptedtostudylateralthinkingbecausehissonwasslightlydyslexic

D.oncetaughtbusinessmenhowtothinkbeforehewroteforparentsandchildren

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Everybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.

B.Itisanuphillbattletryingtoteachchildrentothink.

C.Weoftenthinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.

D.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.improvingone’slogicinthinking

B.improvingone’sperceptioninthinking

C.seeingtheimplicationsofwhatyouaresaying

D.exploringthealternativesforwhatyouaresaying

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“”YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous…”，根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，可判斷你可以想象卡斯帕是一個(gè)敢于大膽的思考者，但是事實(shí)相反。選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)文章第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967…”，可知橫向思維在1967年由愛德華?波諾首次提出，所以不是卡斯帕首次提出的。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap…”，可知卡斯珀的父母擔(dān)心，每當(dāng)他在學(xué)校說一些聰明的話時(shí)，他的老師可能會(huì)叱責(zé)他，可判斷出卡斯珀被老師叱責(zé)是父母擔(dān)心的事，并沒有提到實(shí)際發(fā)生。根據(jù)排除法，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“‘Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,’hisfathersays,‘usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.’”，可知然后他運(yùn)用父親的思考方式進(jìn)行了練習(xí)，最后考試考得非常好?？膳袛喑鯟asper成功考入牛津大學(xué)的原因是運(yùn)用了父親提供的方法和技巧。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskills….”，可知愛德華的書是用來傳播他的思考技巧，是為了教孩子們?nèi)绾嗡伎迹⑽刺峒斑壿嬎季S，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.”，可知1967年，愛德華?波諾(EdwarddcBono)首次描述了“橫向思維”，是在愛德華的兒子出生的前幾年提出的?？膳袛喑霾⒉皇窃趦鹤映錾蟛琶枋隽藱M向思維，選項(xiàng)B可排除。因?yàn)閻鄣氯A在兒子出生前幾年就提出了橫向思維，所以不是因?yàn)閮鹤拥脑蚨パ芯窟@種方法，選項(xiàng)C可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.”，可知他將自己用來培養(yǎng)商人思維的技能轉(zhuǎn)化為供父母和孩子們分享的非正式練習(xí)?？膳袛喑鰫鄣氯A在為父母和孩子寫作之前，曾教商人如何思考。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”，可知愛德華認(rèn)為我們常常思考效率低下，因?yàn)槲覀兊囊曇疤邢?。選項(xiàng)C為文章的原話，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“‘TeachYourChildHowtoThink’offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.”，可知《教你的孩子如何思考》這本書提供認(rèn)知改善的課程，清楚地了解你所說的話的含義，并探索其他選擇?？膳袛喑鰴M向思維涉及的方面包括提升思維認(rèn)知能力，了解說話的含義以及探索自己所說的話的其他可供選擇的表達(dá)，不包括提升邏輯思考能力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Thedevelopmentoftoothpastebeganaslongagoas3000/5000BCintheancientcountiesofChinaand304.AccordingtoChinesehistory,Huang-Ticlaimeddifferenttypesofpairfeltinthemouthcouldbecuredbystickinggoldandsilverneedlesintodifferentpartsofthejawandgum.Itwastheoriessuchasthesethatledtothedevelopmentofdentalcream.Duringtheyears3000/5000BC,Egyptiansmadetoothpasteusingarecipeofpowderedashesofhoovesofoxen,myrrh,powderedandburnedeggshellsandpumice.ItisassumedthattheancientEgyptiansusedtheirfingerstorubthemixtureontoteeth.

Thetooshtick,theforerunnerofthetoothbrushhadnot,asfarasisknown,beendiscoveredatthistime.FromtherecordsoftheancientcountriesofIndiaChinaandEgypt,itwastheGreeksandRomanswhodevelopedandimprovedtoothpasteanddevelopedaleadeninstrumentfortheextractionofteeth.Theywerealsothefirsttobindlooseteethtogetherandtosupportartificialteethbymeansofgoldwire.During1000AD,thePersians,gaveadviceonthedangersofusinghardtoothpowderandrecommendationsweremadetomaketoothpowderfromburnthart-shorn,theburntshellsofsnailsandoystersandburnedgypsum.

OtherPersianrecipesincludeddriedanimalparts,herbs,honeyandminerals.Oneformulaforstrengtheningteethincludedgreenlead,verdigris,incense,honeyandpowderedflint-stone.

Toothpowderordentifrice,wasfirstavailableinBritaininthelate18thcentury.Itcameinaceramicpotandwasavailableeitherasapowderorpaste.Therichapplieditwithbrushesandthepoorwiththeirfingers.Thepowdersweredevelopedbydoctors,dentistsandchemistsandoftencontainedingredientsthatwerehighlyabrasiveandharmfultotheteeth,suchasbrickdust,china,earthenwareorcuttlefish,andtomakethemmorepalatable,theycontainedglycerin.Bytheearlynineteenthcentury,theingredientstrontiumwasintroduced,tostrengthenteethandreducesensitivity,butitonlyreallyconcentratedonthegums.Inthelate18century,boraxwasintroducedintheU.S.andin,1896,DentalCreamwasfirstpackagedinpowderwasusedtogetthefoamingeffect.In1873,anaromatictoothpasteinajar:collapsibletubes.BeforetheSecondWorldWar,themajorityoftoothpasteonthemarketusedsoapasanemulsifyingagent,eventhoughitwasknownthatsoaphadcertaininherentdefects.

1.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?

2.Theword"extraction"inline11refersto（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeinferredthattheGreeksandRomans（

）.

4.TheauthormentionsthatthePersiansusedtoothpowdersforwhichpurposeotherthancleaningteeth?

5.Accordingtothepassage,strontiumwasmostusefulfor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.methodsofcleaningteeth

B.methodsofcaringforteeth

C.developmentoftoothpaste

D.dentalhistory

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.cleaning

B.removal

C.replacement

D.brushing

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.alsodevelopedthetoothbrush

B.hadmoredentalproblemsthanotherculture

C.werethefirsttosupportartificialteeth

D.didnotkeeprecordsoftheirdentalpractices

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.strengthening

B.beautifying

C.coloring

D.extracting

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concentratingonthegums

B.gettingafoamingeffect

C.reducingsensitivity

D.emulsifyingagent.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段主要介紹了牙膏出現(xiàn)的理論基礎(chǔ)以及古代牙膏的組成成分；第二段主要介紹了古代其他國家對牙膏的改進(jìn)；第三段簡要介紹了古代牙膏的配方；最后一段主要介紹了18世紀(jì)到19時(shí)間牙膏的改進(jìn)和發(fā)展，因此C選項(xiàng)“牙膏的發(fā)展”符合題意。

2.詞義題。A選項(xiàng)“清潔”；B選項(xiàng)“移動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)“代替”；D選項(xiàng)“（用刷子）刷”根據(jù)題干信息“extraction”定位至文章第二段中，由itwastheGreeksandRomanswhodevelopedandimprovedtoothpasteanddevelopedaleadeninstrumentfortheextractionofteeth.（正是希臘人和羅馬人發(fā)明并改進(jìn)了牙膏，并研制出一種用于……牙的鉛儀器）可知B選項(xiàng)更符合語境，指拔牙的儀器。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息“GreeksandRomans”定位至文章第二段中，由Theywerealsothefirsttobindlooseteethtogetherandtosupportartificialteethbymeansofgoldwire.（他們也是第一個(gè)把松動(dòng)的牙齒綁在一起，用金絲支撐人造牙齒的人）可知希臘人和羅馬人是第一個(gè)制作人造牙齒的人，因此選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Oneformulaforstrengtheningteethincludedgreenlead,verdigris,incense,honeyandpowderedflint-stone.（強(qiáng)化牙齒的配方包括綠鉛、紫草、熏香、蜂蜜和粉狀火石）可知波斯人的牙粉具有強(qiáng)化牙齒的作用，因此選A。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息“strontium”定位至文章最后一段中，由Bytheearlynineteenthcentury,theingredientstrontiumwasintroduced,tostrengthenteethandreducesensitivity,butitonlyreallyconcentratedonthegums.（在十九世紀(jì)初，，引入了鍶成分，以加強(qiáng)牙齒并降低敏感度，但它真正只集中在牙齦上）可知鍶有加強(qiáng)牙齒和降低敏感度的作用，因此選C。

13.單選題

Anytime,anyplace.Whythehugeupsurgeofinterestinremotelearning?Theinternetrevolutionispartoftheanswer.TheWebnowprovidesaformerlymissingingredientindistanceeducation——quickandeasycommunicationbetweenstudentsandinstructors,andamongclassmates.Inaddition,demandfordistancecourseshasburgeonedthankstotheevolutionoftheinformation-basedeconomy.“Tostayemployable,workersneedtokeeponlearning.”saysKayKohl,executivedirectoroftheUniversityContinuingEducationAssociation,anorganizationofmorethan400schools.Thistrendhasgivenrisetoanolderpoolofgraduatestudents.Todaymorethanhalfareoverage30,andnearlyonequarterareover40.Distanceeducationoftenisagreatfitfortheseworkingadults,manyofwhomfinditdifficulttoskipachild’sballetlessonorfightrush-hourtraffictogettoauniversitycampusforclass.

“1hadalwayswantedamaster’sdegree,butit’shardtosuspendacareerandafamilyforit,especiallywhentheclosestschoolofpublichealthisfourhoursaway,”saysJerryParks,assistanthealthdirectorforAlbermarleRegionalHealthServicesineasternNorthCarolina.Asitturnsout,hedidn’thavetomoveorcommutetogethisdegree.AfterthreeyearsofcourseworkviateleconferencingandtheInternet,Parksisfinishingupamaster’sfromtheSchoolofPublicHealthattheUniversityofNorthCarolina.

Asmorepeopleturntodistanceeducation,adebatehasflaredoverwhetheritcanbeagoodsubstituteforface-to-faceinstruction.ThomasRussell,authorofa1999reporttitled“TheSignificantDistancePhenomenon,”whichreviewsmorethan350studiesofdistance-learningprograms,arguesthatthetwomodesofinstructionareequivalentasfarasstudentlearningisconcerned.R.Behrend,forone,believesthatdistanceeducationisthesuperiorchoice.Behrend,45,obtainedadoctoraldegreeinclinicalpsychologylastspringfromWaldenUniversity,arespectedvirtualinstitution.Shesaysthediscussionsbetweenstudentandprofessor,andamongpeers,weremorerigorousthanthosesheexperiencedinthetwooncampusmaster’sprogramsshepreviouslyattended.“Weneededtocitereferencesforeverythingwesaid(inE-mailpostings)’’，explainsBehrend,“Itwasn’tliketheusuallychattingintheclassroom.”

ButcriticssaythatmanyofthestudiescitedinRussell’sbookarepoorlydesigned,andtheyvehemently(strongly)disagreewithhispointofview.“Idon’tthinkyoucangetanyeducationovertheInternet,”saysD.Noble,ahistorianoftechnologyatYorkUniversityinToronto.“Educationrequiresarelationshipbetweenpeoplebecauseit’saprocessofidentityformation,validation,encouragement,emulation,andinspiration.Thisonlyhappensfacetoface.”

Evenadvocatesacknowledgethatdistanceeducationisn’tforeveryone—thatittakesindependence,self-discipline,andalotofmotivationtosuccess.Further,thequalityofdistance-degreeprogramsisuneven.“Amajorityofuniversitieshaveenteredthedistance-learningmarketrapidlyandarenotwellprepared.”Thus,it’simportanttoconsideranarrayoffactorsbeforechoosingaschool—accreditation,programhistory,cost,academicfield,residency,andtechnology.

1.Whendiddistanceeducationbegin?

2.Thehugeupsurgeofinterestinremotelearningiscausedbythefollowingfactorsexceptfor（

）.

3.By“suspend”(Sentence1，Para2)isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

4.WhichstatementisnottruefromwhatMs.Behrendsays?

5.Thetitleofthetextcouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Unknown.

B.AftertheInternetexisted

C.AftertheInternetrevolution

D.Whentheuniversitystarted.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Internetrevolution

B.theevolutionofinformationeconomy

C.theincreasingpopulation

D.thedemandfordistancecourses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.stop

B.hangup

C.suspect

D.leave

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theremoteeducationisthebestchoice.

B.Thediscussionindistanceeducationisnotasstrictasonthecampus.

C.Thediscussionofdistanceeducationisnotlikethatintheclassroom.

D.ShegotaDr.Degreefromdistanceeducation.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ContinuingEducation

B.Information-basedEconomy

C.RemoteLearning

D.AnInterestingDebate

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘遠(yuǎn)程教育是什么吋候開始的？’整篇文章圍繞為什么人們對遠(yuǎn)程教育越來越感興趣展開，并表達(dá)不同人的不同觀點(diǎn)，但是確并沒有提到遠(yuǎn)程教育具體是什么吋候開始的，所以A選項(xiàng)“不知道”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘以下哪一項(xiàng)不是導(dǎo)致人們對于遠(yuǎn)程教育的興趣越來越大的主要原因？’根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Theinternet