2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)52

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Althoughhewasknowntobeextremelyreservedinhispublicbehavior,scholarshavediscoveredthathisdiarieswerewrittenwithuncommonfrankness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aloof

B.tender

C.lucid

D.reticent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：雖然大家都知道他在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合極其保守，但學(xué)者們發(fā)現(xiàn)他的日記寫(xiě)得非常坦率。A選項(xiàng)aloof“冷淡的，遠(yuǎn)離的，冷漠的”；B選項(xiàng)tender“溫柔的”；C選項(xiàng)lucid“易懂的”；D選項(xiàng)reticent“沉默的，謹(jǐn)慎的，有保留的”。reserved意為“保守的，保留的”，選項(xiàng)D與之意思最為接近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

2.單選題

Childrenlearnalmostnothingfromtelevision,andthemoretheywatchthelesstheyremember.Theyregardtelevisionpurely（1）entertainment,resentprogramsthatput（2）onthemandaresurprisedthatanybodyshould（3）themediumseriously.Farfrombeingover-excitedbyprograms,theyaremildly（4）withthewholething.Thesearethemainconclusionsfromanewstudyofchildrenandtelevision.Theauthor,CardiacCullingford（5）thatthemodernchildisa（6）viewer.Thestudysuggeststhatthereislittle（7）inthelaterhours.All11-year-oldshavewatchedprogramsaftermidnight.

Apartfromtheobviouswasteoftime（8）,itseemsthatallthisviewinghaslittleeffect.Cullingfordsaysthatchildrencanrecallfewdetails.Theycanrememberexactlywhichprogramstheyhaveseenbuttheycan（9）explaintheelementsofaparticularplot.Recallwasin“（10）proportiontotheamounttheyhadwatched”.Itispreciselybecausetelevision,（11）ateacher,demandssolittleattentionandresponse（12）childrenlikeit,arguesCullingford.Programsseekingto（13）seriousmessagesarestronglydisliked.（14）peoplewhofrequentlytalkonscreen.Whatchildrenlikemostaretheadvertisements.Theyseethemasshortprograms（15）theirownrightandparticularlyenjoyhumorouspresentation.Butagain,they（16）stronglyagainsthigh-pressureadvertisementsthatattemptopenlyto（17）them.

Inaddition,childrenarenot（18）involvedintheprograms.Iftheyadmirethestars,itisbecausetheactorsleadglamorouslivesandearnalotofmoney,（19）theirfictionalskillswithfastcarsandshootingvillains.Childrenareperfectly（20）thefunctionsofadvertisements.AndsaysCullingford,educationaltelevisionisprobablyleastsuccessfulofallinimpartingattitudesorinformation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.as

C.like

D.at

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.reforms

B.comments

C.calls

D.demands

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.adjust

B.select

C.take

D.restrict

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.gratified

B.acquainted

C.infected

D.bored

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.conforms

B.confirms

C.confesses

D.refutes

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.dedicated

B.sincere

C.preoccupied

D.choosy

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.perfection

B.faith

C.intention

D.point

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.resolved

B.involved

C.revived

D.revolved

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.rarely

B.fairly

C.abundantly

D.fully

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.diverse

B.reverse

C.immerse

D.direct

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.dislike

B.like

C.unlike

D.unlikely

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.why

B.that

C.which

D.whether

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.putover

B.carryover

C.seeover

D.takeover

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.Thoseare

B.Soare

C.Theyare

D.Thereare

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.among

C.through

D.with

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.weigh

B.react

C.discriminate

D.proceed

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.influence

B.haveinfluenced

C.influenced

D.influencing

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.indifferently

B.emotionally

C.intellectually

D.facilely

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.mainlybecause

B.partlybecause

C.notbecause

D.notbecauseof

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.clearabout

B.clearup

C.clearaway

D.clearof

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。regard...as…意為“將……視為……”。原文指的是孩子們純粹地將電視視為娛樂(lè)，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reform“改革，改良”；B選項(xiàng)comment“評(píng)論，意見(jiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)call“拜訪”；D選項(xiàng)demand“要求，需求”。根據(jù)句意“他們討厭那些對(duì)他們提出要求的節(jié)目”，選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

3.考查固定搭配。takeseriously意為“重視，認(rèn)真對(duì)待……”，原文指的是認(rèn)真對(duì)待媒體。所以選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

4.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)gratified“滿意的”；B選項(xiàng)acquainted“熟識(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)infected“受感染的”；D選項(xiàng)bored“無(wú)聊的，煩人的”。根據(jù)前面的“over-excited”可知，后面應(yīng)填入與之意思相反的詞。句意“他們非但沒(méi)有對(duì)節(jié)目過(guò)于興奮，反而對(duì)整個(gè)節(jié)目有點(diǎn)厭煩?！边x項(xiàng)D最符合語(yǔ)境。

5.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conform“遵守，符合”；B選項(xiàng)confirm“確認(rèn)，證實(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)confess“承認(rèn)，坦白，懺悔”；D選項(xiàng)refute“反駁”。結(jié)合上下文的語(yǔ)境可知，前面提出結(jié)論，作者CardiacCullingford加以證實(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

6.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)本段的最后一句“所有11歲的孩子都在午夜之后看節(jié)目?！庇纱丝赏茢?，孩子們應(yīng)該是專用的觀眾。A選項(xiàng)dedicated“專用的，專注的”；B選項(xiàng)sincere“真誠(chéng)的”；C選項(xiàng)preoccupied“全神貫注的”；D選項(xiàng)choosy“挑剔的”。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)C用在此處不太恰當(dāng)。

7.考查固定用法。Thereislittlepoint……意為“做某事沒(méi)有多少意義”。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

8.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)resolved“解決，決定”；B選項(xiàng)involved“涉及，包含”；C選項(xiàng)revived“復(fù)活，再生”；D選項(xiàng)revolved“旋轉(zhuǎn)”。根據(jù)句意“除了涉及到明顯的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)，收看電視等所有這些似乎沒(méi)有什么影響?！边x項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

9.考查上下文語(yǔ)境。A選項(xiàng)rarely“很少地”；B選項(xiàng)fairly“相當(dāng)?shù)亍?；C選項(xiàng)abundantly“豐富地，大量地”；D選項(xiàng)fully“充分地”。根據(jù)上文Cullingford提及的“孩子們能回憶起的細(xì)節(jié)很少”可知，這里也應(yīng)該是“很少能解釋某個(gè)特定情節(jié)的元素”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)diverse“不同的，多樣的”；B選項(xiàng)reverse“相反的，顛倒的”；C選項(xiàng)immerse“沉浸，陷入”；D選項(xiàng)direct“直接的”。結(jié)合上下文的內(nèi)容可知，他們（孩子們）的回憶“與觀看的數(shù)量成反比”，也就是前面所說(shuō)的，看得越多，記得越少。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

11.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是將電視和老師進(jìn)行對(duì)比，說(shuō)明電視不像老師那樣，只需要很少的關(guān)注和回憶。所以選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

12.考查固定句型。so…that…意為“太……以至于……”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)putover“說(shuō)明，解釋，被接受”；B選項(xiàng)carryover“繼續(xù)存在”；C選項(xiàng)seeover“檢查，察看”；D選項(xiàng)takeover“接管，接收”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是指試圖傳遞嚴(yán)肅信息的節(jié)目非常不受歡迎，也就是說(shuō)，節(jié)目試圖使嚴(yán)肅的信息被大家所接受，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

14.考查so的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指的是“經(jīng)常在屏幕上講話的人也是如此?！北硎尽啊惨粯?，也是如此”用“so+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

15.考查固定搭配。inone'sownright意為“本身”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

16.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)weigh“權(quán)衡，考慮”；B選項(xiàng)react“作出反應(yīng)”；C選項(xiàng)discriminate“歧視，辨別”；D選項(xiàng)proceed“開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”。根據(jù)句意可知，他們應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)那些影響他們的廣告，reactagainst意為“反對(duì)，反抗”，選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

17.考查固定用法。attempttodo意為“嘗試去做某事”，不定式to后面接動(dòng)詞原形，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

18.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indifferently“冷淡地，漠不關(guān)心地”；B選項(xiàng)emotionally“令人激動(dòng)地，情緒沖動(dòng)地”；C選項(xiàng)intellectually“智力上，理智地”；D選項(xiàng)facilely“輕快地”。根據(jù)句意“他們（孩子們）并沒(méi)有情緒激動(dòng)地牽涉進(jìn)這些節(jié)目中。”選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

19.考查because的用法。句意“他們羨慕明星，是因?yàn)檠輪T們過(guò)著光鮮亮麗的生活，能賺很多錢，而不是因?yàn)樗麄儞碛匈愜嚭团臄z反派角色的虛構(gòu)技能?！盇選項(xiàng)mainlybecause“主要是因?yàn)椤?；B選項(xiàng)partlybecause“部分是因?yàn)椤保籆選項(xiàng)notbecause“不是因?yàn)椤?；D選項(xiàng)notbecauseof“不是因?yàn)椤?。選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D的區(qū)別在于，because后面接句子，becauseof后面接短語(yǔ)。填空處后面是短語(yǔ)而不是完整的句子，所以只能選D。

20.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)clearabout“清楚，明白”；B選項(xiàng)clearup“整理，打掃”；C選項(xiàng)clearaway“清除，收拾，消失”；D選項(xiàng)clearof“清除，掃清”。根據(jù)句意“孩子們非常清楚廣告的作用?！边x項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

HewasazealoussupporterofourplanandcleanedupthehallfortheChristmasparty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enthusiastic

B.concerted

C.gigantic

D.dedicated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：他是我們計(jì)劃的……支持者，并且為圣誕晚會(huì)把大廳打掃干凈了。zealous意為“熱情的，積極的”。A選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱情的”；B選項(xiàng)concerted“協(xié)調(diào)的”；C選項(xiàng)gigantic“巨大的，龐大的”；D選項(xiàng)dedicated“專注的，獻(xiàn)身的”。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

4.單選題

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,errorandgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtoabandonallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudiencesandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementthatcouldbeusedindance.BeforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosityshownbycomplex,codifiedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionliesindancecostume.Sherejectedballetshoesandstiffcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunes,barefeet,andunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.InherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmastersincludingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

2.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,IsadoraDuncan’scostumeswereless（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Somethingtoconquer.

B.Amodelformovement.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thestageset.

B.Themusic.

C.Costumes.

D.Movements.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.appreciatesmoderndanceverymuch

B.dislikesIsadoraDuncan’sdance

C.thinkshighlyofindividuality

D.knowsalotaboutmodernarts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ArtistsoftheLastCentury

B.EvolutionofDanceinthe20thCentury

C.NaturalMovementinDance

D.APioneerinModernDance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)的是“對(duì)IsadoraDuncan來(lái)說(shuō)，大自然代表了什么？”根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“她對(duì)自然運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的探索使她進(jìn)入了自然。她認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該像樹(shù)木的搖擺和大海的波濤一樣自然，應(yīng)該與大地的運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)一致?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，IsadoraDuncan把大自然當(dāng)作舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)的模型，將舞蹈和自然相結(jié)合。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容“她摒棄了紫色內(nèi)衣，芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服裝，取而代之的是飄逸的希臘寬松外衣、光著腳和披散著的頭發(fā)?！庇纱丝芍?，Duncan的服裝是輕松自由的，相對(duì)于芭蕾服裝來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有那么多的限制性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段主要講述的是Duncan對(duì)舞蹈動(dòng)作的改變；第四段主要講述的是對(duì)舞蹈服裝的改變；第五段主要講述的是對(duì)音樂(lè)運(yùn)用的改變。所以只有選項(xiàng)A“舞臺(tái)”的改變?cè)谠闹袥](méi)有提及。

4.判斷推理題。原文首段的一二句提及“上世紀(jì)晚期，許多藝術(shù)家都在尋找一種表達(dá)自己個(gè)性的方法?，F(xiàn)代舞是其中一些人尋求釋放他們創(chuàng)造精神的方式之一。”接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容主要是圍繞著現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)IsadoraDuncan展開(kāi)，講述了她在舞蹈上的一些創(chuàng)新，由此可推斷，作者非常注重個(gè)性。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇傳記，主要講述的是現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)——IsadoraDuncan對(duì)舞蹈的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

Sometimesartistsfindithardfortheirworktowinpopular（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.welcome

B.applause

C.appetite

D.appreciation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)welcome“歡迎”；B選項(xiàng)applause“歡呼，喝彩”；C選項(xiàng)appetite“食欲，嗜好”；D選項(xiàng)appreciation“欣賞，鑒別”。句意：有時(shí)候，藝術(shù)家發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的作品很難贏得大眾的欣賞。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Eachofthemhadadifferent（）ofwhatactuallyhappened,butherswasfarmorebelievable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.message

B.theory

C.version

D.comment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)message“消息”；B選項(xiàng)theory“理論，原理”；C選項(xiàng)version“版本，說(shuō)法”；D選項(xiàng)comment“評(píng)論，意見(jiàn)”。句意：每個(gè)人對(duì)實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情都有不同的說(shuō)法，但她的說(shuō)法更可信。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

7.單選題

Thesingerusedtoplaybadmintonwithyou,（）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’the

B.usedhe

C.didhe

D.goneoff

【答案】A

【解析】考查反義疑問(wèn)句。陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是usedto，疑問(wèn)部分要用didn't+主語(yǔ)或usedn’t+主語(yǔ)。所以只有選項(xiàng)A正確。

8.單選題

Itisbelievedthattherecentfindingsarealsoapplicabletootherareasofdesignengineering.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.practical

B.relevant

C.convenient

D.comparable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：人們相信，最近的發(fā)現(xiàn)也適用于設(shè)計(jì)工程的其他領(lǐng)域。applicable意為“可適用的，可應(yīng)用的”。A選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)際的，實(shí)用性的”；B選項(xiàng)relevant“相關(guān)的”；C選項(xiàng)convenient“方便的”；D選項(xiàng)comparable“類似的，可比較的”。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為接近。

9.單選題

Onetheoryaboutintelligenceseeslanguageasthelogicalstructureunderlyingthinkingandinsiststhatsinceanimalsaremute,theymustbemindlessaswell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inactive

B.cooperative

C.unintelligent

D.brutal

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：有一種關(guān)于智力的理論認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言是思維的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，堅(jiān)稱既然動(dòng)物不會(huì)說(shuō)話，那么它們也一定是沒(méi)有頭腦的。A選項(xiàng)inactive“不活躍的”；B選項(xiàng)cooperative“合作的”；C選項(xiàng)unintelligent“愚蠢的，不聰明的”；D選項(xiàng)brutal“殘忍的，野蠻的”。mindless意為“愚蠢的，沒(méi)有頭腦的”，選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

Theseproblemsare（）examplesintheefforttoavoidtheinevitableeffectsofshortsightedfiscalplanninginthefuture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.representative

B.aberrant

C.insignificant

D.illuminating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)representative“典型的”；B選項(xiàng)aberrant“異常的”；C選項(xiàng)insignificant“無(wú)關(guān)緊要的”；D選項(xiàng)illuminating“照亮的，啟蒙的”。句意：這些問(wèn)題是典型的例子，為了努力避免未來(lái)目光短淺的財(cái)政規(guī)劃所帶來(lái)不可避免的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

11.單選題

Whenfacedwithdoubtsfromsomeadvisersontheattemptedinvasion,thepresidentignoredthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.failedtonotice

B.putupwith

C.stoodupfor

D.refusedtoconsider

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)面對(duì)一些顧問(wèn)對(duì)入侵企圖的質(zhì)疑時(shí)，總統(tǒng)……了他們。ignore意為“忽略，忽視”。A選項(xiàng)failtonotice“沒(méi)有注意到”；B選項(xiàng)putupwith“容忍，忍受”；C選項(xiàng)standupfor“支持，擁護(hù)”；D選項(xiàng)refusetoconsider“拒絕考慮”。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為接近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

Providingfirstclassserviceisoneofthetacticstheairlineadoptstoattractpassengers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attitudes

B.methods

C.solutions

D.thoughts

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：提供頭等艙服務(wù)是航空公司吸引乘客的策略之一。A選項(xiàng)attitude“態(tài)度，看法”；B選項(xiàng)method“方法，條理”；C選項(xiàng)solution“解決方案”；D選項(xiàng)thought“想法”。tactic意為“策略，戰(zhàn)略”，選項(xiàng)B代入最符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

GreatBritainandFrancewillholda（）regardingsomeEuropeaneconomicproblems.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conference

B.reference

C.conversion

D.cooperation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conference“會(huì)議，討論，協(xié)商”；B選項(xiàng)reference“參考，涉及”；C選項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項(xiàng)cooperation“合作”。句意：英國(guó)和法國(guó)將就一些歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題舉行會(huì)議。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

Theco-operativespiritthatispresentinsuchpack-huntersaswolvesislargelyabsentfromtheworldoftheprimate.Competitivenessanddominanceistheorderofthisday.

Competitioninthesocialhierarchyis,ofcourse,presentinbothgroups,butitislesstemperedbyco-operativeactioninthecaseofmonkeysandapes.Complicated,coordinatedmaneuversarealsounnecessary:sequencesoffeedingactiondonotneedtobestrungtogetherinsuchacomplexway.Theprimatecanlivemuchmorefromminutetominute,fromhandtomouth.

Becausetheprimate'sfoodsupplyisallarounditforthetaking,thereislittleneedtocovergreatdistances.Groupsofwildgorillas,thelargestofthelivingprimates,havebeencarefullystudiedandtheirmovementstraced,sothatwenowknowthattheytravelonaverageaboutathirdofamileaday.Sometimestheymoveonlyafewhundredfeet.Carnivores,bycontrast,mustfrequentlytravelmanymilesonasinglehuntingtrip.Insomeinstancestheyhavebeenknowntotraveloverfiftymilesonahuntingjourney,takingseveraldaysbeforereturningtotheirhomebase.Thisactofreturningtoafixedhomebaseistypicalofthecarnivores,butisfarlesscommonamongstthemonkeysandapes.True,agroupofprimateswillliveinareasonablyclearlydefinedhomerange,butatnightitwillprobablybeddownwhereverithappenstohaveendedupinitsday'smeanderings.Itwillgettoknowthegeneralregioninwhichitlivesbecauseitisalwayswanderingbackandforthacrossit,butiswilltendtousethewholeareainamuchmorehaphazardway.Also,theinteractionbetweenonetroopandthenextwillbelessdefensiveandlessaggressivethanisthecasewithcarnivores.Aterritoryis,bydefinition,adefendedarea,andprimatesarenottherefore,typically,territorialanimals.

Asmallpoint,butonethatisrelevanthere,isthatcarnivoreshavefleasbutprimatesdonot.Monkeysandapesareplaguedbyliceandcertainotherexternalparasites,but,contrarytopopularopinion,theyarecompletelyflealess,foroneverygoodreason.Tounderstandthis,itisnecessarytoexaminethelife-cycleoftheflea.Thisinsectlaysitseggs,notonthebodyofitshost,butamongstthedetritusofitsvictimssleepingquarters.Theeggstakethreedaystohatchintosmall,crawlingmaggots.Theselarvaedonotfeedonblood,butonthewastematterthathasaccumulatedinthedirtofthedenorlair.Aftertwoweekstheyspinacocoonandpupate.Theyremaininthisdormantconditionforapproximatelytwoweeksbeforeemergingasadults,readytohopontoasuitablehostbody.Soforatleastthefirstmonthofitslifeafleaiscutofffromitshostspecies.Itisclearfromthiswhyanomadicmammal,suchasamonkeyorape,isnottroubledbyfleas.Evenifafewstrayfleasdohappentohopontooneandmatesuccessfully,theireggswillbeleftbehindastheprimategroupmoveson,andwhenthepupaehatchtherewillbenohost‘a(chǎn)thome'tocontinuetherelationship.

Thewritersaysofthesociallifeofmonkeysandapesthatthey（）.

1.Accordingtothewriter,gorillas（）.

2.Thewritersaysthatprimatesshowlittlehostility（）.

3.Monkeysandapesarenottroubledbyfleasbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheco-operativespiritpresentinsuchpack-huntersas5.wolvesislargelyabsentfromtheworldoftheprimatesbecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arenotallowedbytheirsocialcodetodominateotherindividualsbeforetheyhavecompetedwitheachother

B.competeduringtheday,butturntoaco-operativepatternwhendarknessfalls

C.havetobeonconstantwatchagainstotherspeciesthatmightdrivethemaway

D.liveinaverycompetitivesociety

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.prefertostayneartheirhome

B.movefromplacetoplacewithinalimitedarea

C.arefollowedwhentheytravelbyotheranimals

D.movearoundlookingforfoodaccordingtoafairlyregularpattern

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.towardssoldiersandotherhumanbeings

B.excepttowardsanimalssuchaslions,leopards,tigersorwildcats

C.unlesstheirownparticularareaisinvaded

D.towardsothergroupsofthesamespeciesofmonkeyorape

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefleas,whenfullydeveloped,arenotnormallywheretheprimatesare

B.theydonotmindthefleas

C.theharmfultypeoffleararelygetsontothem

D.thefleasrelationshipwiththemisimportantbiologically

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wolvesaremoredefensiveandaggressivethanprimates

B.primatesaremorefriendlythanwolves

C.itisnotsodifficultforprimatestoobtainfoodasforwolves

D.primatesarenotterritorialanimals

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Competitioninthesocialhierarchyis,ofcourse,presentinbothgroups,butitislesstemperedbyco-operativeactioninthecaseofmonkeysandapes.當(dāng)然，社會(huì)等級(jí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在兩個(gè)群體中都存在，但在猴子和猿這兩個(gè)群體當(dāng)中，這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)較少因合作行為而緩和?！倍遥谏弦欢蔚淖詈笠痪渲幸蔡峒啊癈ompetitivenessanddominanceistheorderofthisday.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和統(tǒng)治才是現(xiàn)如今的規(guī)則”。由此可以推斷出，它們都生活在一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“gorillas”定位到第三段。第三段首句提及“因?yàn)殪`長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的食物來(lái)源在它們周圍，所以它們幾乎不需要走很遠(yuǎn)的路?！币吧笮尚墒乾F(xiàn)存靈長(zhǎng)類中最大的一種，而且下文還提及，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物會(huì)生活在一個(gè)相當(dāng)明確的家庭范圍內(nèi)。由此可推斷，大猩猩它們會(huì)在有限的區(qū)域內(nèi)從一個(gè)地方移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)地方，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“theinteractionbetweenonetroopandthenextwillbelessdefensiveandlessaggressivethanisthecasewithcarnivores.與食肉動(dòng)物相比，一個(gè)群體和另一個(gè)群體之間的互動(dòng)會(huì)降低防御性和攻擊性。”也就說(shuō)，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物對(duì)其他群體中的同類，如猴子或猿類，不會(huì)表現(xiàn)出很大的敵意，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。原文最后一段提及，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物身上沒(méi)有跳蚤是和跳蚤的生命周期相關(guān)。這種昆蟲(chóng)并不在寄主的身體上產(chǎn)卵，而是在寄主睡覺(jué)的地方的碎屑中產(chǎn)卵。至少在跳蚤生命的第一個(gè)月里，它是與宿主隔絕的。后面又以猴子進(jìn)行了舉例，即使有幾只游離的跳蚤碰巧跳到其中一只猴子身上并成功交配，它們的卵也會(huì)留在這個(gè)靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物群體的身后，當(dāng)蛹孵化時(shí)，沒(méi)有宿主在“家里”能夠繼續(xù)這種關(guān)系了。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)跳蚤發(fā)育完全后，通常已經(jīng)不在靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物所在的位置了，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“社會(huì)等級(jí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在兩個(gè)群體中都存在，但在猴子和猿這兩個(gè)群體當(dāng)中，這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)較少因合作行為而緩和。復(fù)雜的、協(xié)調(diào)的動(dòng)作也是不必要的：喂食動(dòng)作的順序不需要以如此復(fù)雜的方式串在一起。這種靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物可以現(xiàn)掙現(xiàn)吃，滿足目前對(duì)食物的需要?！庇纱丝芍?，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物獲得食物并不像狼那么困難，所以像狼這樣的群體捕獵者身上所表現(xiàn)出的合作精神在靈長(zhǎng)類世界中是很少見(jiàn)的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawtheviciousdogatthedoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.deliberate

C.nervous

D.malicious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)推銷員看到門口有一只……狗時(shí)，他小心翼翼地走近房子。A選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的，小心的”；B選項(xiàng)deliberate“故意的”；C選項(xiàng)nervous“緊張的”；D選項(xiàng)malicious“惡意的，懷恨的”。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

16.單選題

AlandingonMarsiswithinthe（）ofcurrentphysicaltheory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scheme

B.scope

C.scrap

D.scale

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scheme“計(jì)劃，詭計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)scope“范圍，視野”；C選項(xiàng)scrap“碎片，殘余物”；D選項(xiàng)scale“規(guī)模，比例”。句意：在火星上著陸在目前物理理論的范圍之內(nèi)。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

17.單選題

Whatweneedtolearnishowtoputtheoryinto（）whenwebeginourfieldworkhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.application

C.accomplish

D.achievement

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)appearance“外觀，出現(xiàn)，露面”；B選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；C選項(xiàng)accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”；D選項(xiàng)achievement“成就，完成”。句意：當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始野外工作時(shí)，我們需要學(xué)習(xí)的是如何將理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)際中去。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

18.單選題

Heisanactorof（）whohasneverabandonedhisprinciplesforthesakeofhisownbenefits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.integrity

B.stability

C.scarcity

D.dignity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)integrity“完整，正直，誠(chéng)實(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)stability“穩(wěn)定性，堅(jiān)定”；C選項(xiàng)scarcity“不足，缺乏”；D選項(xiàng)dignity“尊嚴(yán)，高貴”。句意“他是一個(gè)正直的演員，從不為了自己的利益而放棄自己的原則。”選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

Inthefilmwesawlastnight,thehero（）hiswifetodeathwithhissword.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.throat

B.thrust

C.trust

D.thread

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近異義動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)throat“用嗓音說(shuō)”；B選項(xiàng)thrust“插入，猛刺”；C選項(xiàng)trust“信任”；D選項(xiàng)thread“通過(guò)，穿線于”。句意：在我們昨晚看的電影中，英雄用劍刺死了他的妻子。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

20.單選題

Iknowyou’vegotasmoothtongue,sodon’ttalkme（）buyingit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.away

B.down

C.out

D.into

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)talkaway“不斷的談”；B選項(xiàng)talkdown“說(shuō)服，駁倒”；C選項(xiàng)talkout“講出來(lái)”；D選項(xiàng)talkinto“說(shuō)服某人做某事”。句意：我知道你很會(huì)說(shuō)話，所以不要?jiǎng)裎屹I這個(gè)。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

21.翻譯題

Beingunhappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeopletoshrinkawayfromthesufferer.Hesoonfindshimselfalonemiserable.Thereis,however,acuresosimpleastoseem,atfirstglance,ridiculous:ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe!

Itworks.Beforelongyouwillfindthatinsteadofpushingpeopleaway,youattractthem.Youdiscoverhowdeeplyrewardingitistobethecenterofwiderandwidercirclesofgoodwill.

Thenthemake-believebecomesareality.Beinghappy,onceitisrealizedasadutyestablishedasahabit,opensdoorsintounimaginablegardensfilledwithgratefulfriends.

【答案】不開(kāi)心就像一種傳染病。它使人們對(duì)不快樂(lè)的人敬而遠(yuǎn)之。不快樂(lè)的人很快就會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)自己既孤獨(dú)又悲慘，充滿怨恨。但是，有一種乍一看似乎荒謬可笑，實(shí)際卻非常簡(jiǎn)單的治愈方法，那就是：如果你不快樂(lè)，那就假裝快樂(lè)吧!

這個(gè)辦法的確行之有效。不久你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，你不再排斥別人，而是開(kāi)始吸引他們。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)被越來(lái)越多善意的人們包圍的感覺(jué)是多么的值得！

于是，假裝的變成了真實(shí)的。一旦快樂(lè)被認(rèn)為是一種責(zé)任并成為一種習(xí)慣，它就會(huì)向我們敞開(kāi)一扇好友云集的通向奇妙花園的大門。

22.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項(xiàng)advisable“明智的”；D選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)生可用于住房的錢應(yīng)該占全部生活費(fèi)的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

23.單選題

Inthewife’seyes,his（）totheirmarriagelifeisfarfromperfect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.requirement

B.commitment

C.participation

D.reflection

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)requirement“要求”；B選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證”；C選項(xiàng)participation“參與，分享”；D選項(xiàng)reflection“反射，沉思”。句意：在妻子眼中，他對(duì)婚姻生活的承諾是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

24.單選題

Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.indelible

C.disable

D.illegible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)possible“可能的，合理的”；B選項(xiàng)indelible“難忘的，擦不掉的”；C選項(xiàng)disable“使殘廢”；D選項(xiàng)illegible“難以辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的”。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，墨水已經(jīng)褪色，所以信的某些部分難以辨認(rèn)。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

25.單選題

Researchersinthesocialsciencesmayoftenhave（）theirscopetothosenarrowlycircumscribedtopicsthatarewellsuitedtoquantitativemethods.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diminished

B.enlarged

C.limited

D.expanded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”；B選項(xiàng)enlarge“擴(kuò)大，增大”；C選項(xiàng)limit“限制”；D選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張”。根據(jù)下文的“narrowlycircumscribedtopics”可推測(cè)，這里填入選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。句意：社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究人員可能經(jīng)常將他們的研究范圍限制在那些非常適合定量方法的狹窄限定的課題上。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

26.翻譯題

由19世紀(jì)的后印象派開(kāi)始，凡高、賽尚、高更三個(gè)人的創(chuàng)作理念和風(fēng)格是現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的開(kāi)端。他們之所以在美術(shù)史上重要因?yàn)樗麄兪情_(kāi)拓者。所以在談?wù)摰浆F(xiàn)代藝術(shù)時(shí)我們無(wú)法跨過(guò)這三個(gè)大師。當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在的后現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)與現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)又是不同的，后現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)同樣是對(duì)之前的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的思考和反叛，也只有在不斷的創(chuàng)新與反叛中，藝術(shù)的歷史才能被延續(xù)。

【答案】Startingfromthepost-impressionismofthe19thcentury,thecreativeideasandpersonalstylesofVanGogh,CezanneandGauguinarethebeginningofthemodernart.Thereasonwhytheyareimportantinarthistoryisbecausetheyarepioneers.Sowhenwetalkaboutmodernartwecannotignorethesethreemasters.Ofcourse,nowadaysthepost-modernartisdifferentfrommodernart.Thepost-modernartisareflectiononandarebellionagainstthepreviousmodernart.Onlyintheconstantinnovationandrebellioncanthehistoryofartbecontinued.

27.單選題

ItisunderstoodthatthefilmingofLegendsisalmostcompleteandthefilmisnot（）tobedelayed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.easy

B.available

C.possible

D.likely

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意：據(jù)了解，《傳奇》的拍攝工作已經(jīng)基本完成，不可能會(huì)推遲。benotlikelyto是固定用法，意為“不可能”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

28.單選題

Theyarrivedatsomepoliticalagreementsthatfacilitatedtroopwithdrawals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.established

B.maximized

C.guaranteed

D.promoted

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：他們達(dá)成了一些政治上的協(xié)議，這……撤軍。facilitate意為“促進(jìn)，幫助，使容易”。A選項(xiàng)establish“創(chuàng)立，建立”；B選項(xiàng)maximize“最大化”；C選項(xiàng)guarantee“保證，擔(dān)?！?；D選項(xiàng)promote“促進(jìn)，提升”。選項(xiàng)D與之意思最為相近，符合語(yǔ)境。

29.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)楸谎芯康暮镒右呀?jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會(huì)人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項(xiàng)welcome“歡迎”；B選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項(xiàng)disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項(xiàng)avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無(wú)視”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

30.單選題

Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybegameofsomekindfootball,hockey,golf,ortennis.Itmaybemountaineering.

Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?Thisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.

Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare,ofcourse,rulesofadifferentkindwhichitwouldbedangeroustoignore,butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.

Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“teamgame”.Weshouldbemistakeninthis.Thereare,itistrue,no“matches”between“teams”ofclimbers,butwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend,thereisobviouslyteamwork.

Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofighttheforcesofnature.Hissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalqualities.

Amountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.Askierisprobablypasthisbestbytheageofthirty,andmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualformanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsinAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungermen,buttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswasteofeffort,andtheircertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.

1.Mountaineeringinvolves（）.

2.Thedifferencebetweenasportandagamehastodowiththekindof（）.

3.Mountaineeringcanbecalledateamsportbecause（）.

4.Mountaineerscompeteagainst（）.

5.Choosethebesttitleforthepassage（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cold

B.hardship

C.physicalrisk

D.alloftheabove

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.activity

B.rules

C.uniform

D.participants

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisanOlympicevent

B.teamscompeteagainsteachother

C.mountaineersdependonotherwhileclimbing

D.thereare5climbersoneachteam

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nature

B.eachother

C.otherteams

D.internationalstandards

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.mountaineeringisdifferentfromgolfandfootball

B.mountaineeringismoreattractivethanothersports

C.mountaineering

D.mountainclimbers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第二段的一、二句“Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?人們常常以驚奇的眼光看待那些熱衷于攀登高山峻嶺的人。因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)法理解為什么那些人愿意忍受寒冷和艱難，并且冒險(xiǎn)爬上高山?”由此可知，選項(xiàng)A，B，C均是登山會(huì)遇到的事情，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的一、二句“Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.登山是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而不是游戲。不像高爾夫球和足球那樣有人為的規(guī)則?！庇纱丝芍\(yùn)動(dòng)和游戲直接的區(qū)別就在于規(guī)則，選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Thereare,itistrue,no‘matche