Unit1Ourlivingplanet知識點學案-高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選修第一冊

1、Unit 1 Our living planet一、重點單詞與短語：1. evolve vi. & vt. 進化，演化；（使）逐漸形成，逐步發(fā)展，逐漸演變 (P2, L16)evolve from 從進化/演化而來evolve into 逐步發(fā)展成為evolution n. 進化；演變，發(fā)展，漸進 uevolutionary adj. 進化的，演變的，逐漸發(fā)展的evolutionist n. 進化論者典題賞析：1) It is believed that humans _ apes.一般認為人是從類人猿進化而來的。2) The company _ a major chemical manufa

2、cturer.這家公司已逐步發(fā)展成為一家大型的化工廠。3) Today we learned Darwins theory of _ (evolve).2. capture vt. 俘獲，捕獲；用武力奪取，攻取；奪得，贏得；引起，吸引n.（被）捕獲，（被）俘獲 (P2, L17)capture ones attention/interest/imagination 引起某人的注意/興趣/想象capture ones heart 贏得某人的好感/愛意典題賞析：1) Government troops have succeeded in capturing the rebel leader. 意為

3、：_2) Nanjing was captured by the Japanese troops in 1937. 意為：_3) The young man captured the beautiful girls heart at the first sight. 意為：_4) His stories of foreign adventure captured my imagination. 意為：_5) The two soldiers somehow managed to avoid capture. 意為：_3. in equal measure 在同樣程度上 (P2, L18)in

4、full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地in large/some measure 在很大/某種程度上for good measure 作為額外增添，額外，外加beyond measure 非常（多、大等），極其full/short measure 足量/不足量take/adopt measures to do sth. 采取措施干某事take/get sb.s measure (= take/get the measure of sb.) 量某人的尺寸；摸清某人的底細make.to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做典題賞析：1) Do you agree that the r

5、ole of television is to entertain and inform _?你同意電視的作用是在同等程度上娛樂和傳播信息嗎？2) They returned our hospitality _.他們對我們報以最大程度的熱情。3) Her work has improved _.她的工作已大有進步。4) She tasted the mixture and added another glass of brandy _.她嘗了嘗攙兌的酒，然后又加進去一杯白蘭地。5) He asked the tailor to make a suit _.他叫裁縫照著他的尺寸做了一套衣服。4.

6、 scarce adj. 缺乏的，稀少的adv. 勉強，剛；幾乎不，簡直不 (P3, L27)make oneself scarce 躲開，回避，溜走scarcely adv. 勉強，剛；幾乎不，簡直不scarcely.when. 剛一就典題賞析：1) Fruit was always _（稀少）in winter ,and cost a lot.2) 他剛放下電話，門鈴就響了。He _ when the doorbell rang.Scarcely _ when the doorbell rang.3) It probably would be a good idea if you _.你最

7、好回避一下。5. spare no effort in sth. 在某方面不遺余力 (P5, L4)spare no effort to do sth. 不遺余力干某事典題賞析：1) I firmly believe that we will spare no effort _ (reduce) our carbon footprint.2) Many countries have spared no effort _ deep-sea exploration.6. pave vt. （用磚石）鋪（地） (P5, L13)pave the way for（為）鋪平道路，創(chuàng)造條件典題賞析：1)

8、This decision _ changes in employment rights for women.這項決議為修改婦女就業(yè)權利創(chuàng)造了條件。7. leap n. 跳躍，跳高；驟變，激增vt. & vi. 跳，跳躍；猛沖，突然做（某事）；驟增，猛漲 (leapt-leapt/leaped-leaped) (P6, L2)a leap year 閏年a leap in the dark 冒險舉動，輕舉妄動，瞎闖by/in leaps and bounds 非常迅速地，突飛猛進地leap to ones feet 趕緊站起來leap to ones assistance/defence 趕緊

9、去幫助某人/趕緊去為某人辯護look before you leap 三思而后行l(wèi)eap at 趕緊抓住，迫不及待地接受（機會、提議等）典題賞析：1) Wendy leapt _ his assistance.2) I leaped _ the chance to go to France.3) Their move to Latin America was _.他們遷居拉丁美洲是件冒險的事。4) Her health has improved _.她的健康狀況迅速好轉。5) No matter what you want to do, please _.不管你們想做什么事，請三思而后行。8.

10、 spin vi. & vt. （使）快速旋轉；（使）急轉身，急轉彎；紡線，紡紗 (spun-spun)n. 高速旋轉 c/u (P6, L3)spin round/around 急轉身，急轉彎，猛轉回頭spin a story/yarn/line 編造故事o. 把紡成spin.from. 用紡成spin off (from sth.) 脫胎（于某事物），（從某事物）派生，衍生，隨之而產生spin out 拉長，拖長in a spin 暈頭轉向；急得團團轉；十分激動典題賞析：1) The ice skater _ faster and faster. 滑冰者轉得越來越快。2)

11、The woman sat by the window _. 那位婦女坐在窗前紡線。3) She spun silk _ thread. She spun thread _ silk. 她把蠶絲紡成線。4) These products _favourite books. 這些產品是從一些暢銷書中衍生出來的。5) Im paid by the hour, so I _ the work as long as I can.我拿計時工資，所以我盡量把工作拖長。6) Her resignation put her colleagues _. 她的辭職令同事們摸不著頭腦。9. lay down 積存；

12、規(guī)定，制定；放下，停止使用；中斷（工作），辭（職），放棄 (P6, L11)典題賞析：1) It is laid down that all candidates must submit three copies of their dissertation.意為：_2) If you eat too much, the surplus is laid down as fat. 意為：_3) She laid the book down on the table. 意為：_4) He laid down his work and had a rest. 意為：_10. to put it sim

13、ply (=put simply) 簡單地說 (P8, L8)典題賞析：1) _（簡單地說）, we accept their offer or go bankrupt.11. as yet 直到現(xiàn)在 (P11, L6)as usual 像往常一樣as a whole 作為整體，總體上as expected 像期望的那樣as a result/consequence 結果，因此as a result/consequence of 因為，由于as for/to 關于，至于as if/though 似乎，好像as far as 就而言，據as follows如下as long as 只要as we

14、ll as 也；和；不但而且as a matter of fact 事實上典題賞析：1) _（到目前為止）, no man has set foot on Mars.2)Do you mind my opening the window? Its a bit hot in here.Yes, I do, _（事實上）. 【全國卷II】3) _（至于）tax, that will be deducted from your salary.4) Ones life has value _（只要）one brings value to the life of others.【江蘇卷】5) Dont

15、handle the vase _（似乎，好像）it were made of steel.6) The father as well as his three children _ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 【遼寧卷】7) Amy, as well as her brothers, _ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.【江蘇卷】8) The computer was used in teachi

16、ng. _（因此）, not only was teachers energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 【全國卷I】9)Michael was late for Mr. Smiths chemistry class this morning. How come? _（據我所知）, he never came late to class.【天津卷】12. close up（使）變狹窄；（使）靠攏，靠緊；（尤指臨時）關門停業(yè)，鎖上門（傷口）愈合；避而不談（思想感情）(P11, L7)close down

17、停業(yè)，關閉，歇業(yè)，倒閉；結束播放，停止播音close off 隔離，封鎖close out 結束，了結；削價銷售，清倉處理，大甩賣up close 靠近地be close to 靠近，接近；幾乎（處于某種狀態(tài)），可能（快要做某事）；對親密典題賞析：1) Every time he tried to speak, his throat closed up with fear. 意為：_2) Traffic was heavy and cars were closing up behind each other. 意為：_3) Why dont we close up and go out for

18、 lunch? 意為：_4) She closed up when I asked about her family. 意為：_5) The soldiers wound is close to closing up. 意為：_6) The club was _ by the police. 那家夜總會被警察查封了。7) The entrance to the train station _ following the explosion.爆炸發(fā)生后隨即封鎖了火車站入口。8) The goods in the supermarket _ now.現(xiàn)在那家超市里的貨物正在清倉大甩賣。13. th

19、rive vi. 茁壯成長，蓬勃發(fā)展 (P11, L19)thrive on 以某事為樂，因某事而有成thriving adj. 欣欣向榮的，興旺發(fā)達的典題賞析：1) His business _ with the employment of five market consultants.由于雇了五個市場顧問，他的生意興盛起來了。2) I wouldnt want that much pressure, but she seems to _ it.我不愿承擔那么多的壓力，但她好像很樂意。二、重點句型：1. Meanwhile, it is estimated that more than e

20、ighty per cent of the worlds oceans are unexplored. (P2, L4-5)同時，據估算，世界上超過 80% 的海洋還未被探索。 Before the discovery of these creatures, it was thought that all life on the Earth obtained its energy from the sun. (P3, L32-33)在發(fā)現(xiàn)這些生物之前，人們認為地球上的所有生命都是從太陽獲得能量的。In recent years, it has been widely accepted that

21、 human activity is now impacting on the worlds climate. (P8, L13-14) 近年來，人們普遍認為人類活動正在影響世界的氣候。It is estimated that sea levels have risen by over 20 centimetres since 1880. (P8, L21-23)據估計，自從1880年以來海平面已經上升了20多厘米。It has been discovered that under certain extreme conditions of pressure and temperature, water forms ice cages th