2022年考研考博-考博英語-廣西大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號21

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-廣西大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints （約束）influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel

2、 you deserve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beths story:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle （小隔間）offices and window offices. I sat in t

3、he cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the jo

4、b. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but nice isnt a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, youll p

5、robably have to ask for it.Performance is your best bargaining chip（籌碼）when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs （a new client or a sizable contract, for example）

6、just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at t

7、he appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should（ ）.2. What can be inferred from Beths story?3. We can learn from the passage that（ ）.4. To get a pay raise, a person on should（ ）.5.

8、 To be successful in negotiations, one must（ ）.問題1選項A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he hopes to get問題2選項A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B.If people want what they deserve they have to ask

9、for it.C.People should not be content with what they have got.D.People should be careful when negotiating for a job.問題3選項A.unfairness exists in salary increasesB.most people are overworked and underpaidC.one should avoid overstating ones performanceD.most organizations give their staff automatic pay

10、 raises問題4選項A.advertise himself on the job marketB.persuade his boss to sign a long-term contractC.try to get inside information about the organizationD.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions問題5選項A.meet his boss at the appropriate timeB.arrive at the negotiation table punct

11、uallyC.be good at influencing the outcome of the interactionD.be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D第5題:C【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞before taking a job 定位至第一句話: It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints

12、 influence wage increases (協(xié)商起薪更為容易，因為你一旦進入了公司，公司的制度限制就會影響工資增長)。也就是，若擔(dān)心入職后工資增長受限，入職前則盡量要求多的薪水2.判斷推理題。第二段講述了關(guān)于Beth的經(jīng)歷: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it (當(dāng)我沒有要求時，我沒有得到我想要的)。I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way (我認(rèn)為，他們覺

13、得我滿意目前的狀況，因為我沒有說出我的意見)。由此可知，如果你想得到你本應(yīng)得的薪酬和待遇，你就應(yīng)當(dāng)主動去爭取或說出自己的想法。因此選B項“如果人們想要得到他們理應(yīng)得到的，就必須提出要求”。3.判斷推理題。通過選項可以定位至第三段: It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but nice isnt a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in

14、 pay, youll probably have to ask for it (如果我們都能夠自動獲得與價值相當(dāng)?shù)募有?，這將是多么美好的事，但是，美好對于多數(shù)公司來說并不是必備特質(zhì)。如果你覺得應(yīng)獲大幅度的加薪，那么，你最好是提出來)。因此，A項“在工資增長問題上存在不公之處”正確。4.判斷推理題。第四段指出:表現(xiàn)是加薪的最好籌碼，而且時機也很重要。并且加以舉例說明:If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before m

15、erit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want (如果你能向老板提供他/她所需要的東西(比如一個新客戶，或者是一個可觀的合同)，那么，你就更有可能得到想要的加薪)。因此D項“在績效工資決定之前，做一些讓老板留下深刻印象的事”正確。5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出: Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use c

16、ommunication style to guide the direction of the interaction (帶上這個籌碼，在合適的時機去談判吧！并通過使用談判技巧來引導(dǎo)相互作用的方向)。因此，此處是指談判的合適時機，并未說具體的見面時間。因此排除A項和B項。D選項“熟悉老板的好惡”在文中并未提及。而且，C項“善于影響交流互動的結(jié)果”相當(dāng)于“to guide the direction of the interaction”，故選C。2.單選題He（ ）meant to give his opinion, not to start an argument.問題1選項A.merel

17、yB.sincerelyC.actuallyD.definitely【答案】A【解析】句意:他僅僅是打算提出自己的觀點，并非想展開辯論?？疾楦痹~辨析。merely 僅僅；sincerely 真誠地，誠懇地；actually 確實；definitely 明確地；確定地。因此A符合句意。3.單選題It is a rule in his family that（ ）comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family.問題1選項A.anybodyB.whoC.who thatD.whoever【答案】D【解析】句意:無論是誰回家得早，都應(yīng)該

18、給家人做晚飯，這是他家的規(guī)定。語法題?？疾槊~性從句引導(dǎo)詞?？崭袼诰錇橹髡Z從句而且從句中缺主語。A不能引導(dǎo)從句,故排除。B項表示“誰”，具有特指的情況，不符合語境。C項的“who和that”不能搭配引導(dǎo)主語從句。whoever有兩個詞義：（l）no matter who,在這種用法時引導(dǎo)一個讓步狀語從句；（2）anybody that （who），在這種用 法時，它連接一個名詞性從句，因此，在本題中它連接的是主語從句。4.單選題There are increasingly fraught relationships that adults are having with children i

19、n all walks of life, from the police to politicians, within the public sector and within communities themselves. The fear of young people has changed the way society is policed: how pupils are treated in schools and how insecure adults relate to children on their estates. Rather than children and yo

20、ung people becoming more violent and anti-social, it is adults who have changed, having fewer relationships with young people and becoming less confident in their dealings with them.We must explore the role that crime and safety initiatives have on the outlook of the public. The attempt by governmen

21、t, council departments, the police and many others to reduce the fear within communities by developing safety initiatives is having the opposite effect, resulting in the institutionalization of this fear. Curfews have increased adults fear of young people and reduced the amount of time that young ch

22、ildren are allowed out to play. They have raised the level of insecurity amongst parents about the safety of their children and ultimately reduced the contact between generations within this community. It is not far from the truth to say that youth no longer existsif by youth we mean the freedom lov

23、ing rebelliousness. The outcome of this process is breeding a generation of young people who are if anything more fragile and fearful than their grandparents.Finally, as well as exploring the fear of young people, we must look at the insecurity that parents have for their children. There has been a

24、reduction in play, and specifically in “free play”，and the effect of this more regulated environment on childrens lives is yet to be determined and not something we can continually ignore in our rush to protect society from children.1. The author is mainly directing his message towards（ ）.2. The fir

25、st paragraph is mainly about（ ）.3. The author sees safety initiatives as part of the problem because（ ）.4. The author believes its possible to say youth no longer exists because（ ）.5. To correct the problem the author discusses we are advised to（ ）.問題1選項A.adults in generalB.the younger generationC.l

26、aw enforcement authoritiesD.parents問題2選項A.the way younger people have changedB.the change in attitude and treatment towards youthC.the fewer relationships between youth and adultsD.the fear that youth and adults have towards each other問題3選項A.they actually cause more rebelliousnessB.they are unpopula

27、r with young peopleC.they worsen relationships and create more fearD.they reduce the play young people can use to expend energy問題4選項A.youth have no more rebellion and freedomB.youth are indistinguishable in character from their grandparentsC.they are not allowed to voice their opinionsD.they do not

28、love freedom they should have問題5選項A.stop being so insecure towards childrenB.let children play moreC.study the roots and effects of our fearD.stop regulating childrens lives【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:C第4題:A第5題:A【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章主要從幾個方而分析和討論了社會（成年人）對年輕人的恐懼的原因。因此，這篇文章的受眾應(yīng)該是“總體的成年人”。因此選A。2.判斷推理題。題干意為:第一段主要講什么? 第一段

29、主要分析了成年人對孩子的態(tài)度改變一一變得關(guān)系疏遠(yuǎn)和沒有信心，影響了兩者之間的緊張關(guān)系。因此B項“對青年的態(tài)度和待遇的”正確。3.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者把安全措施看作問題的一部分，是因為什么？第二段指出: The attempt by government, council departments, the police and many others to reduce the fear within communities by developing safety initiatives is having the opposite effect, resulting in the in

30、stitutionalization of this fear (政府、議會者、警察和其-他人通過采取安全措施以減少社區(qū)的恐懼，這反而產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的結(jié)果，進而導(dǎo)致這種對年輕人恐懼的制度化)。Curfews have increased adults fear of young people and reduced the amount of time that young children are allowed out to play (戒嚴(yán)已經(jīng)增加了成年人對年輕人的恐懼，減少了年輕小伙的外出玩耍時間)。They have raised the level of insecurity among

31、st parents about the safety of their children and ultimately reduced the contact between generations within this community (他們還在父母們中間提高了關(guān)于孩子安全的不安全感。并且，最終減少社區(qū)中一代人之間的聯(lián)系)。因此，C項“他們惡化了關(guān)系并且制造更多擔(dān)憂/恐懼”正確。4.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者認(rèn)為，為什么可以說年輕人不再存在？第二段指出: It is not far from the truth to say that youth no longer existsif

32、 by youth we mean the freedom loving rebelliousness. The outcome of this process is breeding a generation of young people who are if anything more fragile and fearful than their grandparents (如果我們的青年意味著熱愛自由的叛逆，那么，可以說， 青年不再存在。這一過程的結(jié)果是在培養(yǎng)一代年輕人，如果有這種情況的話， 是在培養(yǎng)一代比他們祖父母更脆弱和更恐懼的年輕人)。因此，作者認(rèn)為，年輕人可以說不再存在，是由于

33、社會的各種管制而導(dǎo)致他們沒有青春應(yīng)該有的熱愛自由，變得更加脆弱和恐懼。故選A項“青年人沒有更多的叛逆和自由”。5.判斷推理題。題干意為:為了糾正作者討論的問題，我們應(yīng)該怎么做？最后一段指出: Finally, as well as exploring the fear of young people, we must look at the insecurity that parents have for their children. There has been a reduction in play, and specifically in “free play”，and the eff

34、ect of this more regulated environment on childrens lives is yet to be determined and not something we can continually ignore in our rush to protect society from children (最后，分析對年輕人的恐懼，我們必須觀察父母對孩子的不安全感。在玩耍中，這種不安全感己經(jīng)減少，尤其在自由玩耍中，更規(guī)范的環(huán)境對孩子生活的影響尚未確定，而且，在我們急于保護社會不受孩子們干擾的過程中，這也是我們不能繼續(xù)忽視的東西)。由此可知，A項“停止對孩子產(chǎn)

35、生如此的不安全感”正確。5.單選題How long（ ）each other before they（ ）married?For about a year.問題1選項A.have they known; getB.did they know; were going to getC.do they know; are going to getD.had they known; got【答案】D【解析】句意:你們結(jié)婚之前，你們認(rèn)識了多久？大概1年。語法題?？疾闀r態(tài)。結(jié)婚是已過去的事，因此，“結(jié) 婚”用過去式。那么，他們互相了解的約一年的時間肯定發(fā)生在結(jié)婚前，所以， 發(fā)生在過去某一動作之前的動作，應(yīng)

36、該使用過去完成吋。因此D項正確。6.單選題Take a taxi,（ ）youll miss your train.問題1選項A.andB.ifC.otherwiseD.so【答案】C【解析】句意:搭出租車過去，不然你會趕不上火車?？疾檫B詞辨析。Otherwise表示選擇和轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系,意為“如果不，會”,符合句意。7.單選題Its said that（ ）is going to give us a lecture.問題1選項A.an American famous youngB.a famous American youngC.a famous young AmericanD.a youn

37、g famous American【答案】C【解析】句意:據(jù)說，一個著名的美國年輕人會給我們演講。語法題?？疾樾稳菰~的順序位置。famous是描繪性形容詞，應(yīng)放在前面；American指的是國籍，表示“美國人”，應(yīng)該放在young之后。因此選C項。8.單選題The moment my mother came home after a days work she lit the fire and（ ）making the soup.問題1選項A.set asideB.set aboutC.set offD.set up【答案】B【解析】句意:在工作了一整天后，我媽一下班，她就打開火，開始熬湯。考

38、查短語辨析。set aside 不理會，放置一方；set about 開始做，著手做 set off 出發(fā)；set up 建立。因此B項符合句意。9.單選題Lets test the temperature of a basin of water with both hands（ ）together in the water.問題1選項A.placingB.placeC.being placedD.placed【答案】D【解析】句意:讓我們把兩只手一起放水中，以測試水溫。語法題?？疾闀r態(tài)語態(tài)。此處hands和place之間是被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。故D正確。10.單選題Come what（

39、）, were not going to make any concession to his unreasonable demands.問題1選項A.mustB.shouldC.mayD.can【答案】C【解析】句意:不管怎樣，我們不會對他的無理要求作出任何讓步考查固定搭配。Come what may 不管三七二十一，不管怎樣。11.單選題We had to（ ）a lot of noise when the children were at home.問題1選項A.go in forB.hold on toC.put up withD.keep pace with【答案】C【解析】句意:孩

40、子在家的時候，我們不得不忍受孩子們的吵鬧聲。考查短語辨析。go in for 參加，追求，從事；hold on to 堅持；put up with忍受/容忍；keep pace with 趕上，齊頭并進。因此，C項符合句意。12.單選題He was looking admiringly at the photograph published by Collins in（ ）with the Imperial Museum.問題1選項A.combinationB.collaborationC.connectionD.collection【答案】B【解析】句意:他在羨慕地看著由柯林斯與帝國博物館合

41、作出版的照片?？疾槎陶Z辨析。in combination with 與結(jié)合，聯(lián)合； in collaboration with 與合作；寫作；in connection with 與有關(guān)。沒有 in collection with 的搭配。因此B項正確。13.單選題Senior government figures（ ）in the cover-up.問題1選項A.could have acquiredB.must have acquiescedC.might have doneD.will have required【答案】B【解析】句意:政府高級官員必然已經(jīng)默許掩蓋真相?？疾槎陶Z辨析。空格

42、處動詞與in搭配，后面接賓語cover-up (掩蓋，掩飾)。Acquiesce in sth. 默然接受；默許；順從。14.單選題These goods are（ ）for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.問題1選項A.essentiallyB.completelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably【答案】A【解析】句意:盡管其中一些產(chǎn)品可以在國內(nèi)銷售，但是這些產(chǎn)品基本上是出口銷售。考查副詞辨析。Essentially本質(zhì)上；根本上；基本上；completely完全地；necessaril

43、y必要地；remarkably明顯地。因此A符合句意。15.單選題Generally, it is only when animals are trapped that they（ ） to violence in order to escape.問題1選項A.proceedB.appealC.resortD.incline【答案】C【解析】句意:一般來說，動物只有在落入圈套時，為了逃命才會采取暴力行為?？疾閯釉~辨析。proceed繼續(xù)前進，開始；appeal 懇求，呼吁；resort訴諸，憑借某些手段，通常與介詞to搭配；incline傾向于。因此無論從搭配還是從語義上來說，C項正確。16.

44、單選題We had a good time there, and the food was plentiful and（ ）.問題1選項A.conduciveB.wholesomeC.helpfulD.appreciative【答案】B【解析】句意:在那，我們度過愉快的時光，而且食物很豐盛又有益于健康?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。conducive 使容易（或有可能）發(fā)生的.； wholesome 有益于健康的；helpful 有幫助的；appreciative 感激的；欣賞的。因此B符合句意。17.單選題I second his motion that we（ ）a special board to e

45、xamine the problem.問題1選項A.shall set upB.set upC.would set lipD.sets【答案】B【解析】句意:我贊成他的提議，我們成立一個特別委員會來審查這個問題。語法題。考查虛擬語氣。在motion(提議，議案)這類表示建議勸告等的從句中，動詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，即should + 原形，should可省略，因此B正確。18.單選題I couldnt have got to the meeting on time（ ）an earlier train.問題1選項A.if I had not caughtB.unless I had caughtC.

46、if I did not catchD.unless I caught【答案】A【解析】句意:要是我沒有趕上早一班火車，我就不可能及時到會了。語法題。考查虛擬語氣。此句是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，主句是現(xiàn)在完成時，因此，從 句的時態(tài)應(yīng)該排除C和D項。虛擬語氣的條件句中,常常用if來表示“如果”,而不用unless, 因此選A.。19.問答題Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. Yo

47、u may have to change a word, add a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided on the Answer Sheet. If you change a word underline it and -write the correct word in the corresponding Blank. If you odd a word, put an insertion mark, (/) in the right pl

48、ace anti write the missing word in blank. If you add a word, underline it and put a slash (/) in the blank.【答案】1.other another2.shopping shop3.or and4.at on5.to /6.are were7.makes making8.without away9.mean means10.discourage encourage【解析】1.固定搭配。One another 互相。2.詞性誤用。此句中由and并列連接不定式動詞短語，因此，將shopping改

49、為動詞原形shop。3.連詞誤用。并列連詞or表示選擇 “或者”，and表示 “然后，接著”。因此這里應(yīng)該用and。4.固定搭配。be mad on 對著迷。5.固定搭配。Make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。6.語法題。這是由supposing (that)引導(dǎo)條件句，整句話是過去時態(tài)， 因此，that從句中的謂語動詞“arent”應(yīng)該改為“were not”。7.語法題。句子已經(jīng)有謂語動詞was，因此動詞make得變成非謂語動詞。另外，make與邏輯主語company之間是主動關(guān)系。而且，根據(jù)并列連詞and后面的非謂語形式 “making”可知，此處要將makes改為making。

50、8.固定搭配。該處句意為:假設(shè)只有一個商店，你得買它所提供的東 西，根據(jù)它的要求付錢，或者離開。你沒有真正的選擇。Go away表示“走開，離開”，因此將without改為away。9.語法題。考查主謂一致。該句主語是不可數(shù)名詞“competition(競爭)”。因此謂語動詞應(yīng)該用三單形式。10.動詞誤用。前面句意為: 供應(yīng)商之間的競爭意味著消費者可以獲得更好的 交易；消費者的選擇是影響產(chǎn)品的重要手段。因此此處應(yīng)該表示的是“消費者鼓勵競爭”。20.單選題Please（ ）your remarks to those which are immediately relevant to the ma

51、tter in hand.問題1選項A.restrictB.encloseC.confessD.confine【答案】D【解析】句意:涉及到與手邊事情直接相關(guān)的方面，限制你的發(fā)言。考查動詞辨析。restrict 約束，限制；enclose 封入，圍繞;confess 坦白，供認(rèn)；confine 限制，與介詞to搭配，構(gòu)成confine sth. to 限制于。因此D項正確。21.單選題The younger persons attraction to stereos cannot be explained only（ ）familiaritywith technology.問題1選項A.in

52、quest ofB.by means ofC.in terms ofD.by virtue of【答案】C【解析】句意:不能僅從熟悉技術(shù)的角度來解釋年輕人對立體音響的喜愛?？疾槎陶Z辨析。in quest of為了尋求；by means of借助 手段；in terms of根據(jù)；從方面來說：by virtue of憑借的力量，由于。因此C項符合句意。22.單選題He studied hard at school when he was young, which（ ）to his success in later life.問題1選項A.distributedB.attributedC.cont

53、ributedD.districted【答案】C【解析】句意:他年輕時在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，這對他晚年的成功有幫助?？疾槎陶Z辨析。Contribute to 有助于，產(chǎn)生，對有幫助。23.單選題I really wonder, he has posted me many parcels（ ）we didnt work together.問題1選項A.how, afterB.why, whenC.when, beforeD.why, since【答案】D【解析】句意:自從我們不在一起工作起，我很好奇為什么他給我寄了這么多包裹。語法題?？疾閺木湟龑?dǎo)詞。wonder表示“驚奇；好奇”，后面接why更符合語

54、境，說明“好 奇的原因”。 Since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示 “自從”。因此本題選D項。24.單選題The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been （ ）.問題1選項A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed【答案】A【解析】句意:盡管某些可能導(dǎo)致癌癥的情況已經(jīng)被證實，但是根本原因還不知道?？疾閯釉~辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式。identify 識別；辨認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；guarantee 保證；擔(dān)保；notify

55、 通知；convey 傳達(dá)；運送。因此A項符合句意。25.單選題The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,（ ）is often the case in other countries.問題1選項A.asB.whatC.soD.that There are few electronic【答案】A【解析】句意:英國人對于不同的文化和其他的行為方式不是很熟悉，在其他國家情況也是如此。語法題?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。逗號后面部分“is often the case in othe

56、r countries”結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主語。因此該處應(yīng)該是非限制性定語從句。因此A項正確，構(gòu)成表達(dá)“as is often the case(是常有的情形)”。26.單選題A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in Criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to ident

57、ify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity（父親的身份）where it is not clear who the father of a p

58、articular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt

59、 to prove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evi

60、dence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed from a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass, and Daniel L. Hartl of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Mo. Lewontin and Hartl called into