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1、關(guān)于初中種時態(tài)整理歸納第1頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四1.一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)名稱:一般現(xiàn)在時表示意思:經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)或說明主語的特征 構(gòu)成:V原形一些標(biāo)志:usually, ,sometimes,never,always on Sunday ,once/twic e例句:He usually watches TV at 7 o clock.第2頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四更多一般現(xiàn)在時句子中常有的時間狀語:often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,
2、a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他們每年去一次故宮)They often discuss business in the evening.(他們經(jīng)常在晚上商談生意)第3頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表示客觀真理、事實、人的技能或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)時句子里一般不用時間狀語。如:The earth turns round the sun.(地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn))Light travels faster than sound.(光傳播比
3、聲音快)第4頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 在時間狀語從句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo))條件狀語從句中(以if,unless引導(dǎo)),用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,句子可以有將來時間。如:Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德國就給我打電話) If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我們就只好呆在家)第5頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52
4、分,星期四 一般現(xiàn)在時用于倒裝句中可以表示正在發(fā)生的動作,動詞以come, go為主。如:Here comes the bus. (車來了) There goes the bell.(鈴響了)。第6頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 人的心理活動和感官動作一般用一般現(xiàn)在時而不用現(xiàn)在進行時表達,常見動詞有:like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(認為),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如:I think it is going
5、 to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在這兒)第7頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:一般過去時表示意思:表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài), (可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā)生。)構(gòu)成:V過去式一些標(biāo)志:ago, yesterday, last week/year例句:He watched TV last night.2.一般過去時第8頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四更多表示過去具體時刻發(fā)生的一次性動作時,時間狀語有:at (eight)
6、 (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。如:I got up at 6:00 this morning.(我是早上六點鐘起床的)/Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小湯姆今天早上九點半把窗子打破了)When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走進房間時發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人正和他父親談話)第9頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表示
7、過去一段時間內(nèi)不知何時發(fā)生的一次性動作時,時間狀語有:yesterday, last (year等), in (1998 等)。如:He came to our city in the year 2000.他2000年來到我們市第10頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表示過去一個階段中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情時,時間狀語有:last, in, fromto, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如:Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was
8、young. Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.第11頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四講故事、對過去經(jīng)歷的回憶、雙方都明白的過去事件等一般用過去時,而且經(jīng)常省略時間狀語。如:I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西)第12頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:一般將來時表示意思:表示將來某一時刻 或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài) 構(gòu)成:be going to + do will/ shall + V原
9、標(biāo)志:tomorrow ,next week ,after,in the future例句:They are going to watch TV.He will watch TV.3.一般將來時第13頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四一般將來時的時間狀語有:tomorrow, this (afternoon),next (year),one day,now,soon, someday,sometime, in the future, when 引導(dǎo)的從句等。更多第14頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四用will構(gòu)成的將來時,表示動作與人的主觀愿望
10、無關(guān)?!皊hall”用于第一人稱, “will” 用于所有人稱。如:I will graduate from this school soon.(我很快就要從這所中學(xué)畢業(yè)了)You will stay alone after I leave.(我走了之后你就要一個人過了)第15頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四“am/is/are going to+動詞原形”表示打算或準備要做的事情,或者主觀判斷即將要發(fā)生的事情,而“am/is/are to +動詞原形”表示安排或計劃中的動作。如:A man told them that the woman was to give b
11、irth to the special baby.(有一個人告訴他們那個婦女就會生下那個特別的男孩)Its going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)第16頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表示一個人臨時決定要做某事,可以用will表達。如:I will go to the lab to get some chemicals(化學(xué)藥劑). So please wait until I return.(我要到化學(xué)實驗室去取些藥品,請等我回頭)第17頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四shall和will 在口語的一些疑問句中相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞
12、。Shall一般與第一人稱連用,will與第二人稱連用。如:Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(我們下周六去動物園好嗎?)Will you please open the door for me?(替我把門打開好嗎?)第18頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 “be to +動詞原形”表示按照計劃將要發(fā)生的事情。如:An angel came to tell her that she was to have this special boy.第19頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:現(xiàn)在進行時表示意
13、思:表示說話時正在發(fā)生的動作 或是現(xiàn)階段正發(fā)生而此刻不一定在進行的動作。(準備考試)構(gòu)成:Be v+ing標(biāo)志:now例句:He is watching TV now.4.現(xiàn)在進行時第20頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 現(xiàn)在進行時由“助動詞be (am is are ) +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。更多第21頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 現(xiàn)在進行時的時間狀語有: now, this , these等,但經(jīng)常不用。如:What are you doing up in the tree?(你在樹上干什么?) I am writing a long n
14、ovel these days.(我最近在寫一本長篇小說)第22頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 表示即將發(fā)生的動作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常見的動詞有:come, go, stay, leave, spend, do等。如:Im coming now.(我就來)What are you doing tomorrow?(你明天干什么?)He is leaving soon.(他就要走了)第23頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 表示頻繁發(fā)生或反復(fù)進行的動作,常與always等頻度副詞連用,以表示贊揚、不滿或討厭等感情色彩。如:He is al
15、ways borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it some time later.(他老是向我借錢,過一些時候就忘得一干二凈)第24頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:過去進行時表示意思:表示過去某一點正在發(fā)生的事情構(gòu)成:was/ were+ doing標(biāo)志:例句:He was watching TV at 7 o clock last evening.5.過去進行時第25頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 過去進行時由“was(第一、三人稱單數(shù))或were(第二人稱單數(shù)和各
16、人稱的復(fù)數(shù))+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。更多第26頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 過去進行時的時間狀語有:then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, 以及由when引出的時間狀語從句。如:He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天這個時候他正在做晚飯)The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(我看到小女孩的時候她正在玩玩具)第27頁
17、,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 用于賓語從句或時間狀語從句中,表示與主句動作同時進行而且是延續(xù)時間較長。句子中通常不用時間狀語。如:She was it happen when she was walking past.(她路過時看到事情的發(fā)生)They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(他們在黑暗的森林里走時唱了很多歌)第28頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四 也可以表示過去一個階段頻繁發(fā)生或反復(fù)進行的動作,常與always等頻度副詞連用,以表示贊揚
18、、不滿或討厭等感情色彩。如:He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在這里時老向我借錢)第29頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:現(xiàn)在完成時表示意思:過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在有影響。過去發(fā)生的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去?!币呀?jīng)”構(gòu)成:have/has +done標(biāo)志:already , just , since , yet ,for 2 years例句:He has been a teacher for 2 years.6.現(xiàn)在完成時第30頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20
19、日,11點52分,星期四更多在完成時由“助動詞have (has)+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。 第31頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表示發(fā)生在過去的對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作時,時間狀語有:already, yet, just, once, twice,ever, never,three times, before等。如:I have never seen such fine pictures before. (我以前從來沒有看過這么好的畫)He has just gone to England.(他剛?cè)ビ?第32頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四表
20、示在過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動作或狀態(tài)時,時間狀語有:for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。如:I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我離開家鄉(xiāng)有30年了)Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自從這家工廠開張,王叔叔一直在那兒工作)第33頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四have been to與have gone to的區(qū)別:ha
21、ve gone to(“已經(jīng)去了”)表示人不在這里,have been to(“去過”)表示人在這里。如:-Where is Mr Li? He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里?他去了英國。)-Do you know something about Beijing? Yes,I have been to Beijing three times. (你知道北京的情況嗎?是的,我去過那里三次。)第34頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四在完成時中,一個瞬間性動詞(一次性動作)不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用,此時須將該瞬間動詞改為延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞。 注意
22、 在其它的時態(tài)中也存在類似問題,記住,關(guān)鍵是:瞬間動詞不能和表達一段時間的狀語連用。如:How long may I keep the book?(這本書我能借多久?)(句子中keep取代了borrow)第35頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四時態(tài)名稱:過去完成時表示意思:表示兩個動作一個先發(fā)生(過去完成時)一個后發(fā)生(一般過去時)過去完成時表示過去某一時間或某一動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。簡言之, 過去完成時所表示的時間是“過去的過去”。 構(gòu)成:had +done標(biāo)志:before例句:He had seen you before we met.7.過去完成時第36頁
23、,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四過去完成時由“助動詞had+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。第37頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四過去完成時時間狀語有:by (yesterday), by then, by the end of (last)或者由when,before等引出狀語從句。有時句子中會有already, just, once, ever, never等詞語,也會有for 或since構(gòu)成的時間狀語。如:They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher cam
24、e.(當(dāng)老師來的時候他們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室)The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(在他發(fā)覺那個婦女是個騙子時她已經(jīng)走掉了)第38頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四過去完成時常用于賓語從句中、after引導(dǎo)的從句中,或者從句是before引導(dǎo)的主句中。如:After I had put on my shoes and hat,I walked into the darkness.(我穿上鞋子戴上帽子走進了黑暗之中)He said that he had never seen a kangaroo bef
25、ore.(他說他以前從來沒有見過袋鼠)第39頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四動詞時態(tài)填空專項練習(xí)(初三U1-6)1.So far we _(learn) ten thousand English words.2.I will go to see my friend if it _(not rain) tomorrow.3.-_you ever _(speak) to a foreigner before? - Not yet.4.Students usually _(have) ten minutes rest between two classes.5.The ne
26、wspaper_(come) an hour ago, but I _(not read).have learneddoesnt rainHave spokenhavecamehavent read第40頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四6.They have little time _(play) on Sunday.7.Dont worry. He _(catch) up with the others soon.8._she ever _(spit) on the ground?9.That truck_(collect) rubbish at this time
27、 yesterday.10.It _(be) three years since Lily _(join) the Green.to playwill catchHas spatwas collecting isjoined第41頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四11._(take) care of our environment is very important.12._you ever_(throw) any litter on the ground?13.-_your mother _(come ) back? -Yes, she _(come) back a
28、moment ago.14.-How long _you_(wait) for the bus here? -Ten minutes.15.-Where is Liu Mei? -She_(go) home.Taking Have thrownHas comecameHave waitedhas gone第42頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四16.The boy _(not swim) in the river yet.17.I _(find) my ruler in my desk five minutes ago.18.My mother _(buy) veget
29、ables on her way home every day.19.Look at the clouds. It_ (rain).20.Look! The boy _(put) on his sweater by himself.hasnt swumfoundbuysis going to rain is putting第43頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四21.What _Li Lei_(do) when the teacher came in?22.She_(do) her homework every evening.23.If he _(come) this
30、 afternoon, I wont go out.24.Would you like _(go) out for a walk,please?25.Our teacher often makes us _(do) a lot of homework.was doingdoescomesto godo第44頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四26.-What _your friend_(do)? -He_(draw) a beautiful horse now.27.-_you_(be) free tomorrow afternoon? -Yes ,I_.28.-What
31、 _he_(do)last night? -He _(go) to see a film.29.I_(call) you as soon as I _(get) there.30.-What _you _(do)at this time yesterday? -I_(read) a book.is doingis drawingWill bewilldid dowentwill callgetwere doingwas reading第45頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四31. -_Tom_(clean) his room yet ? -Yes, he_. -When
32、_he_(clean) it? -He_(clean) it just now.32.-_you ever _(eat)fish and chips? -No,I_. But I_(eat) sandwiches. -When_you_(eat) it? -Two weeks ago.Has cleanhasdid cleancleanedHave eatenhaventhave eatendid eat第46頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四33.I _(do) my homework from seven to nine last night.34.He_(feel
33、) sick yesterday.35.His father_(be) ill ever since last spring.36.-_you_(take) the medicine? -Yes,I_ -When_you_(take) it? -A moment ago.was doingfelthas beenHave takenhavedid take第47頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四37.The bus_(arrive). It_(arrive) just now.Look, your father_(get) off it.38.I_(buy) a pen
34、. I_(buy) it last month. I_(buy) it for a month.39.My father _(go) to Beijing. He_(go) there for three days.40.I_(go) to my hometown three times.has arrivedarrivedis gettinghave boughtboughthave hadhas gonehas beenhave been第48頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四41.My aunt_(teach) English since 1985.42.He_(
35、finish) writing the book, hasnt he?43.I_(know) him for over five years.44.We_(learn)2000 English words already.45.-_you_(see) this film before? -Yes, I_(see) it last Friday.46._the train_(arrive) yet? Not yet.has taughthas finishedhave knownhave learnedHave seensawHas arrived第49頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11
36、點52分,星期四47.His grandpa_(die) since three months ago.48.They_(come) to Hangzhou in 1996 and _(live) here ever since.49.How long_you_(borrow) this book? For two weeks.50.People can hear the little girl_(practise) spesking English every morning.has been deadcamehave livedhave keptpractise第50頁,共61頁,2022
37、年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四51.Ten years _(pass) already.52.He says that he_(not come) tomorrow.53.Lin Tao told Jim that they_(have) a football match yesterday.54.Our teacher told us that light_(travel) faster than sound.55.Our English teacher told us _(read ) English every day.has passedwont comehadtravelsto
38、 readtell sb. to do sth.第51頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四56.What _you _(do) since you came here?57.Im afraid of_(sleep) alone.58.Betty_already_(write) a letter to her penfriend.59._(cut) down too many trees is bad for people.60.There are many workers_(work) in the factory. have donesleeping has writt
39、enCuttingworking第52頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四61.We_(visit) the great scientist three times so far.62.Dont forget_(call) me tonight.63.I_(not see) him for a long time.64._Jim ever_(step) on the grass in the park?65.He_(look) out of the window when the match_(begin).have visitedto callhavent seenHa
40、s steppedwas lookingbegan第53頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四66.They_(not see) each other since they _(finish) their school.67.He _(work) on the maths problems since seven oclock. He _(work) on it for two hours. Im sure he _(work) it out in one hour.68.My mother _(cook) at six yesterday evening. At that
41、 time father_(read).havent seenfinishedhas workedhas workedwill work was cookingwas reading第54頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四69.We looked up and _(see) lots of birds _(fly) over the trees.70.-_the Blacks_(visit) the Great Wall before? -Yes , they_. -When _they_(visit) it? -Only a month ago.71.Its good
42、 manners_(help) the old.sawflyingHave visiteddid visitto helphave第55頁,共61頁,2022年,5月20日,11點52分,星期四72. He _(not write) to me since he left.73.Kate isnt here . Where_she_(go)?74.We _(been) to the Great Wall twice.75.She _(talk) with her teacher when I _(meet) her.76.-Kate _(not move) the desk away. -When_she_(move) it away? -Tomorrow.hasnt writtenhas goneha
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