高中英語：高三高考復(fù)習(xí)：完成句子攻略之時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

1、完成句子攻略之時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案編寫人：李玉梅學(xué)科負(fù)責(zé)人:審核人：李大波編寫時(shí)間：2014-03-19【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式、主動(dòng)語態(tài)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】編寫人：李玉梅學(xué)科負(fù)責(zé)人:審核人：李大波編寫時(shí)間：2014-03-19【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式、主動(dòng)語態(tài)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】1.八種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)2.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納（一）熟記?？嫉陌舜髸r(shí)態(tài)形式及被動(dòng)語態(tài)（以動(dòng)詞do為例）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)do/doesdidwill doam/is/are doing was/were doing have/has done ha

2、d done被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)do/doesdidwill doam/is/are doing was/were doing have/has done had done被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式am/is/are donewas/were done will be done am/is/are being done was/were being done have/has been done had been done現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has been doing二）分析考察要點(diǎn)L看清時(shí)間狀語不管是在單句還是從句中，有典型的

3、時(shí)間狀語就能很快確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)。常考的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語有：last night/month/year yesterday, just now,in the past, the other day, two years ago, in 1998, etc.eg:.just now (你岡U才說的) makes him angry. (say)?？嫉默F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語有：now, at present或提示詞Look! Listen!eg: Look,quite a few patients (正在被檢查)in the doctor? s office at present.(exami

4、ne)?？嫉默F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語有：so far, up to now, in the past/last few years,never before 或時(shí)間副詞 already, recently/lately, yet, ever , ect.eg: Never before(我見過)so beautiful a house, (see)注意:by現(xiàn)在時(shí)間現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) by +過去時(shí)間過去完成時(shí)態(tài)by+將來時(shí)間將來完成時(shí)態(tài)egl: By the time the firemen arrived at he building, the fire(已經(jīng)撲滅了) by（得學(xué)完2000個(gè)單詞）

5、.(put) (learn)（得學(xué)完2000個(gè)單詞）.(put) (learn)(4)?？嫉囊话銓頃r(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間 狀語有：next week/month/year, the following day,tomorrow, tomorrow morning.注意漢字提示假設(shè)考察時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)漢字中多會(huì)出現(xiàn)“著” “了。 “過” “在” “正在” “將” “已 經(jīng)” “一直”等漢字及漢字“被”和單詞by這樣就可以確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)了。eg: At present, lots of food, water, tents and medicine（正在運(yùn)往）from all over China and o

6、ther parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas, （transport）在漢字、語境的結(jié)合之下確定時(shí)態(tài)形式，但不要忽視了語態(tài)。有些漢字中明顯有“被” 字，有些英語中明顯有by表被動(dòng)意義，所以應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但在更多時(shí)候需要分 析主語與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系是否是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果是就要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。eg: As far as I know,（不養(yǎng)牛）in this district. （cattle）.熟悉從句特征從句中考察時(shí)態(tài)一般都注重時(shí)態(tài)保持一致原那么，具體分為以下幾個(gè)方面：如果主從句動(dòng)作都是未發(fā)生動(dòng)作，那么主句用一般將來時(shí)態(tài),從句用一

7、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。這種情況多出現(xiàn)在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中。eg: I will give you an answer（我一讀完你的報(bào)告）.（immediately）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句可以根據(jù)自己的時(shí)間狀語和意義用任何時(shí)態(tài)，即可 以用一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)等。這種情況多見于名詞性從句 和定語從句中。egl:（政府將怎講處理這些舊房子）is still unknown. （do）eg2： The place（我昨天參觀的）is really beautiful, （visit）如果主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句必須用與 過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)即一般過去時(shí)、過去將 來時(shí)、過去進(jìn)

8、行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)態(tài)等。這種情況在狀語從句、名詞性從句和定語從句中都有 出現(xiàn)。egl: Li said the new discovery（將會(huì)有積極影響）the investigation of the dumpling poisoning case. （impact）eg2： The boy （假裝睡著了）when his mother came into his bedroom., （pretend）eg3： I was informed that the flight （已經(jīng)被取消）due to the heavy fog. （call）注意：有三種固定從句常考時(shí)態(tài)形式。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)

9、間狀語從句be about to do sth.正要做某事的時(shí)候突然.be on the point of doing sth. + when +從句正要做某事的時(shí)候突然be doing sth.正在做某事的時(shí)候突然eg: We（正要離開）when it began to rain. （point）since （自從）引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Alt is/ has been + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 從句主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+ since+過去時(shí)間狀語或從句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)eg 1: He（體重增加 了）since he gave up smoking, （weight）eg2（你認(rèn)為有多長時(shí)間）

10、since he arrived there? （long, suppose）“一.就”的三個(gè)固定從句,主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。no sooner .than + 從句hardly.when + 從句scarcely .when + 從句eg; Hardly （我一下火車）when I was met and surrounded by a group ofstudents.（get）It is the first/ second/ third .time that + 從句 （從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)）It was the first/ second/ third,.time th

11、at + 從句 （從句中用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)）eg: It is the first time that（我看美國小說或雜志）. The plot is so attractive that I was attracted by it.（read）(5)It is high/ about time that +從句 (從句中用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)或should +動(dòng)詞原型)eg: It is high time that they (忙于獵鹿)now. (hunt)4 ,辨明客觀規(guī)律在時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)中客觀真理規(guī)律都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，不受主從句的語境限制。Eg； The teacher told the us tha

12、t(move) 老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn).結(jié)合主謂一致在考察時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)，有時(shí)候還要注意多個(gè)主語的并列情況。這時(shí)需結(jié)合主謂一致中的就前原 那么和就近原那么及與and的區(qū)別。A and B+謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)A, as well as B 謂語動(dòng)詞形式與A保持一致(就前原那么)With / together with/ beside / except/ but /in addition tonot only A but also B謂語動(dòng)詞形式與B保持一致(就近原那么)eitheror neithernor There beeg: The scientist, together with his as

13、sistants,(致力于這一工程)now. (work).加上固定搭配熟記一些常用的詞匯搭配，如動(dòng)詞短語、介詞短語以及形容詞、名詞等的搭配和常用詞組、 習(xí)語等.例 1. It is possible that the King of Stonehengs was linked to the stones:he(可能 參與)in planning the monument,or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand) 完成句子的解題方略考生除 了平時(shí)的對語言知以運(yùn)用的積累夕卜，在做此題 型時(shí)還應(yīng)注意一些角軍3策略：.細(xì)讀全句，理解句

14、意，叨確語境。. 看清要求，根據(jù)漢語內(nèi)容和才旨定的英語單詞確定要 寫的內(nèi)容是一個(gè)搭配或片語-還是一個(gè)句子。. 根據(jù)漢語的意理、和句子的名吉構(gòu)選擇正確的搭西己或語 法形式。.檢查完成;后的整個(gè)句子的邏料結(jié)構(gòu)與語境是不是吻 合，單詞有無拼寫錯(cuò)誤，要留意英漢語言的差異，如冠詞、小 品詞的運(yùn)用以及詞序符不符合英溶的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。高考真題：2007 年 34.Last night, John was answering the letters that (寄給他的)during the past two weeks.(arrive)35.He believes that children (應(yīng)允許學(xué)習(xí))at

15、 their own pace.(allow)2008 年 32. Seldom(他們玩)video games ever since they entered college. (Play)40. At present, lots of food, water, tents and medicine(正在運(yùn)往)from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas in Sichuan. (transport)2009 年 75. If times(變 了)，have our ways

16、 of thinking changed too?(change)2010 年 71 .Only if people of all the countries are united (我們才能解決)the existing problems in the world.(solve)2010 年 78.Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people(未證實(shí))yet.(prove)2011 年 71.Not until two days after the earthquake(她發(fā)現(xiàn))her mother

17、 alive.(find)80.(比擬這兩把牙刷)and youll find the purple one is softer.(compare)2012 年 74. Little what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance, (care) 她不在乎外 表，她在乎的是自己的工作表現(xiàn)。However, I could not read his handwriting, (try)不管我怎樣努力，還是沒法看清他寫的字。In response to the audience飛 great demand, the p

18、lay in the theatre twice a week. (put) 應(yīng)觀眾的強(qiáng)烈要求，這部戲?qū)?huì)在這個(gè)劇院每周上演兩次。2013 年 73.The chief engineer together with his colleagues new scientific methods of farming since fiveyears ago. (look)五年以來，總工程師和他的同事們一起一直在尋找新的科學(xué)農(nóng)耕方法。When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always to a tree on the riverbank. (kee

19、p)白天干農(nóng)活的時(shí)候，我總是把羊拴在河邊的樹上。76. So fast that we can hardly imagine its speed, (travel)光傳播的速度快到我們難以想象。79. It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines in Wuhan, (build)據(jù)報(bào)紙報(bào)道，武漢正在建設(shè)兒條新的地鐵線路。Practice:Profits in this company went up by 25% last year and so far this year.(go)這個(gè)公司去年的利潤上升了百分之二

20、十五，到今年也沒有下降。He about ancient Chinese history last year, but I don t know whether he has finishedit.(write)去年他正在寫一本關(guān)于中國古代歷史的書，但是我不知道他是否完成了。Too many clouds are gathering in the sky. what would you do tomorrow?(rain)天上烏云正在聚集。如果明天下雨你將做什么？when John arrived, he learned Mary a ship to Hongkong.(board)當(dāng)John到