09-2023年五年四川高考英語試題分析及2023考前準(zhǔn)備之動詞時(shí)態(tài)

1、第七章 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一、動詞的時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)tense是謂語動詞所表示感謝的動作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式、英語動詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)以動詞do為例。將16種不同的時(shí)態(tài)列表如下：一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在I doI am doingI have doneI have been doing過去I did I was doingI had doneI had been doing將來I shall do I shall be doingI shall have doneI shall have been doing過去將來I should do I should be doingI should hav

2、e doneI should have been doing但是常用的只有11種I一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)simple present tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主要由動詞原型表示，當(dāng)主語為單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí)，謂語動詞要作如下變化：A一般情況下“S workworks play-sB以s、sh、Ch 、o、x結(jié)尾加“espasses wishes teaches guesses boxes goes doesC以輔音字母加“Y結(jié)尾，除掉“y改成“iescarrycarries studystudies Satisfy- satisfiesD以無音字母加“Y結(jié)尾的加“Ssaysays playplays buy

3、buys paypays注:特殊形式:be: am is are havehas have 2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法表示經(jīng)常，習(xí)慣性，反復(fù)性的動作，句中常有often, usually every day 等詞。Tom goes to school at 7:00every morning Sometimes they win; other times they loseMrs. Green goes to church on Sundays.Ipingpong quite well , but I havent had time do play since the new year.A. wil

4、l play B. have played C. played D. play我平時(shí)乒乓球一向打得好，但自從新年以來，我沒有時(shí)間去打，選D。Have you telephoned your father? yes, heback next year.A. expects B. is expected C. will expect D. will be expected他有望明年回來。選B 表被動在時(shí)間狀語從句when/until/before/as soon as和條件狀語從中if引導(dǎo)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來時(shí)。AAs soon as I reach Paris, I willwrite to yo

5、u.BIf it is fine tomorrow, we will take photosCWhen I graduate from college ,Ill go to Hong KongWill you please put these glasses always before they?OK, Ill put them in the cupboard.A. have broken B. are breaking C. will be broken Dget broken時(shí)選(D)He will have learned English for eight years by the t

6、ime hefrom the university next yearA. will graduate B. graduates C. will have graduated D. is to graduate 選 (D)有時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在表按方案,規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作.但限于少數(shù)動詞。如begin come, leave, go, arrive ,start ,stop, return ,open, close 如:what time does the train leave for Tibet?去西藏的火車什么時(shí)候開?The plane takes off at 9:00 a.m.飛機(jī)在上午9:00

7、起飛.The film starts at 6:30 pm.Tomorrow is Sunday.表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞。如be like, hate, think, remember, find, sound, datefrom,dateback to, 等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).如 I like English very much. The story sounds very touching.書報(bào)的標(biāo)題,以說的情節(jié)介紹,圖片說明大都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如 Why the Bat Comes Out Only at Night ? 為什么蝙蝠只在夜晚出來(故事標(biāo)題)I have read the story

8、 “The Cock Crows at Midnight .我讀過“半夜雞叫那個(gè)故事表示客觀真理,科學(xué)事實(shí)和格言Light travels faster than sound.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.Strike while it is hot.二、一般過去時(shí)simple past tense1規(guī)那么動詞一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成 a.一般情況下，在詞尾加上“ed work+edopen+ed b.以“e 結(jié)尾加“d live+d like+d move+d c.以輔音字母加“y結(jié)尾的,變“y為“i +ed try- tried carry-carried d

9、.以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫輔音字母，再加ed:stop-stopped beg-begged2用法主要用于過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的事或存在的狀態(tài)。He worked in a glass works in 1998.He called on me the day he arrived here. 他到達(dá)這兒的當(dāng)天就拜訪了我。 He used to live in the countryside.sales of CDS have greatly increased since the early 1990S when peopleto enjoy the advantages of thi

10、s new technology A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begin When 為關(guān)系副詞，所指具體過去時(shí)間the early 1990S所以選 BI m sorry , but there is no smoking room in this section on the train.Oh ,Ithat , and I wont smoke again A.dont know? B. wont know C. didnt know D. havent known 選C我剛剛不知道Have you persuaded him ? Yes,

11、After some hours of discussion , Ito reason him in accepting the new plan. A. had managed B. would manage C. have managed D. managed 選D對結(jié)果的情況下,不再用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而用過去時(shí)。what is my new dress like?It is nice on you.Sorry I didnt say soon.沒早點(diǎn)說。It his time Tomcareful enough , otherwise he would not have passed the

12、 test. A. will be B. was C. had been D. were 選BWhats the weather like tomorrow, John?Well Iit, for the scene pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on. A. was missing B. will miss C. have missed D. missed 剛剛錯(cuò)過了。 選D表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，也可用used to +V/ would +V如He often came to help us.I u

13、sed to go boating as a Child一般過去時(shí)用于現(xiàn)在，表示語氣的委婉客氣。A：Could you lend me a hand?B：it could be very interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman talking together.三、一般將來時(shí)的用法simple future tense1、一般將來時(shí)的幾種構(gòu)成形式。will /shall+do/be動詞原型be going to +動詞原型be to+動詞原型be about to +動詞原型be+go /come/start/move/sail/leave

14、/stay的進(jìn)行時(shí),表按方案將發(fā)生的動作2、用法will/shall+v 表將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。I will /shall arrive next week.When will you be able to answer me?He will be eighteen years old next year.will表一種傾向或意愿。Shall 多當(dāng)?shù)谝蝗朔QI/we 連用，假設(shè)與第二、三人稱連用那么表征求意見，允諾、命令、強(qiáng)制語意。麗莎工作室 扣扣 3683237如 Fish will die without water. 一定會，必然會You are 19now You will be 20

15、next year.傾向 Shall Mary come and play will us ?征求意見 You shall get a present on your birthday. 允諾 The door shall not be opened.命令、警告be going to + V a.表示經(jīng)過周密考慮安排將要發(fā)生的事情或肯定要發(fā)生的事情。They are going to build a house next month.表示安排There is going to be rain tomorrow.表示肯定要發(fā)生的事b.表示現(xiàn)在有跡象說明要發(fā)生的動作即根據(jù)客觀情況，推測將要發(fā)生的動

16、作Look at the black clouds .There is going to be a storm.Goad heavens! I must hurry Im going to be late.c. be going to + V 可以用于條件狀從中，will/shall不可以如 If you are going to see the film this evening, you had better take an umbrella with your.d.一般來說，帶有條件狀從的主句，謂動不宜用be going +to+ V的句型A不可以說：Water is going to

17、be turned into steam if it is heated to its boiling point. 只可以說：Water is turned/will be turned intosteam if it is heated to its boiling point.如果水加熱到沸點(diǎn)，它會變成水蒸氣表客觀事實(shí) B The sun is going to rise at 6:30tomorrow morning.( )The sun will rise at 6:30tomorrow morning. ()太陽升起來的動作不是安排的，也不是推測，而是自然現(xiàn)象C.He is goi

18、ng to be 18 years old next year. ()He will be 18 yearsold next year.客觀事實(shí) ()be to + V a.表按方案、安排將要發(fā)生的事b.表命令c.用于條件狀從中d.表目的e.表用途f.表命中注定如 We are to go shopping tonight.方案、安排You are to come back by 11:00 p m.命令The knife is to cut with.用途If yoube in time for the early bus, be sure to get up before five ocl

19、ock in the morning. A. are to B. are about to C. are going to D. are due to are to + V= want to + V 選AThere is no doubt that the UN the most important role in the reconstruction of Iraq. A. is to play B. ought to play C. is about to play D. will have played Is to play “注定要 選Abe about to + V =be on t

20、he point of doing when表示“即將“馬上要發(fā)生的動作，不能與時(shí)間狀語連用。I am about to leave when the phone rings.麗莎工作室 扣扣 3683237四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)present continuous tense1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動作be + v-ing。 be+ prep /adv 表進(jìn)行的意義。如 Things are getting better and better. The bridge is under construction.2)表示感覺，愿望，和狀態(tài)的某些動詞。如 have, hear, see, live，

21、hate , think，remember, find，sound，belong to, have on不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。3)表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性動作，這種用法常表示說話人的某種感情，如贊揚(yáng)、討厭、或不滿常與always constantly continually，forever 連用。AHe is always thinking for others.總是為別人著想贊揚(yáng)BYou are always being late for class.討厭4用于hope ,find ,want ,wonder等的進(jìn)行時(shí)表一種委婉語氣，他們的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)那么更顯客氣，委婉。We are hoping you

22、 will get well very soon.5)某些動詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示“幾乎“差一點(diǎn)=nearly doA. Im forgetting that I promised to take you to Shanghai. B. He was believing what the cheat said.6)進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動作的暫時(shí)性，并不是說話時(shí)在進(jìn)行的動作。My watch is working perfectly.目前走準(zhǔn)7be的進(jìn)行體表達(dá)某種特殊含義如 短暫性，臨時(shí)性一般與以下adj連用brave, angry clever, polite/foolish,kind/shy,friend

23、ly, careless, careful。A. you are being very clever.你今天很聰明B. They are being friendly.臨時(shí)性的Listen to the two girls by the window. What language?A. did they speak B. were they speaking C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking? Listen “聽可見是正在講。選CWhats the matter?The shoes dont fit properly. Theymy

24、 feet.A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt 選A8)在一定場合和語氣中，進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)含有否認(rèn)意義。You are telling me.這事不用你說。You are wasting time.別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)past continuous tense1、構(gòu)成：was/were + v -ing2、用法：表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去某一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動作。This time yesterday we were playing football.What were you doing from 7:00to 9:00la

25、st night?He was going over his lessons all day yesterday.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與always，constantly, forever等連用時(shí)具有濃厚的感情色彩，要么贊揚(yáng)，要么討厭。 He was continually changing his mind. (表示討厭)在時(shí)間和條件狀從中，可以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一句子里，表一個(gè)動作發(fā)生另一動作也發(fā)生AMary burnt her hand when she was cooking dinner.BI fell over when I was cycling.Whats wrong

26、with your coat?Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me on it.A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting 選DHas Tom finished his job yet ?I have no idea of it ,heit this morningA. has been doing B. had been doing C. did D. was doing表過去一段時(shí)間正在性的動作。今天整個(gè)上午都在做。選DCan you give

27、 me the right answer?Sorry, I ,would you please repeat it ?A. hadnt listened B. havent listened C. dont listen D. wasnt listening我當(dāng)時(shí)那一刻沒有聽。選DWhat were you up to when I phoned you last night?I the TV and to bed.A. had turned off; went B. was turning off; had gone C. turned off ,had gone D. had turned

28、 off,. was going 選D六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)present perfect tense1、構(gòu)成：have/has + p. p2、用法：表示動作發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在有影響，句中沒有具體時(shí)間狀語。AHe has gone to paris (=He went to paris and he is not here now )BI have opened the window(=I opened the window and the window is open)表示動作發(fā)生在過去，一直處延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。AThey have lived in Beijing for20years .B I h

29、ave known him since we were children.CHe has learned English for years. DThe film has been on for 10 minutes.E. He has been in the army for 3 years. () He has joined the army for 3 years.() He has become a soldier for 3 years.() 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和already yet, ever , never.以及before , recently, lately, oflate,

30、once just so fir .today, in the last( past )few years, ever since , till now ,to date , up to now, by end of 連用.A. She has already finished his work. I have not seen seen her yet. I have been busy lately / recently of late.B.It is the first time that I have been here.until then Siemens 10,000 thyris

31、tor Valves.A. produced B. has been producing C. has produced D. had produced until then=up to then 到那時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)連用up to now當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用 選DThe price of computers while that of color TV sets only to more than 1,000 yuan. A. is going up ; has been brought down B. has gone up ; are being brought down.C. has bee

32、n gone up ; has brought downD. has been gone up ; is brought down.注:go up為不及物動詞詞組排除,C/Dprice/that 為單數(shù) 排除 B 選AHearticles for our wall-newspaper these three years and he about forty articles. A. has been writing , has writtenB. has been writing, wroteC. is writing, has been writing D. has written ; ha

33、s writtenhas been writing一直在寫,還會寫. has written已寫完. 選A七、過去完成時(shí)past perfect tense1、構(gòu)成：助動詞 had +p p2、用法：表示過去某一具體時(shí)間或過去某一段時(shí)間以前完成了的動作。AI had written the article when he came in.BI had not heard of him for some time before I met him.Cup to then we had produced 1,000 cars.DThe house was dirty,Wehadnt cleaned

34、 it for weeks.在間接引語中代替直接引語中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。AHe said that he had lived there for 5 years.He said , “I have lived have for 5 years.BHe said that he had seen him two days before.He said “I saw him two days ago.動詞hope, want, expect , think, suppose , mean, plan .wish等的過去完成時(shí)常用表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的打算，愿望。AWe had hoped th

35、at you would be able to visit us.我們本希望你們能來看望我們結(jié)果你們沒來BThey had wanted to help but couldnt get there in time.CI had meant to call on you , but was prevented from doing so.我本打算來拜訪你，但有事來不了。用would like ,/ love to have done也表示過去未曾寧實(shí)現(xiàn)的打算，愿望或意圖。AI would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had t

36、o work extra hours to the finish a report.BWe would like to have gone to the match , but the tickets were all sold out.常用過去完成時(shí)的句型。a. Hardly /Scarcely had sb done when +- no sooner had sb done than + - b. It was the first / secondtime that sb+ had done c. If sb had done,sb would have done.(表示與過去的事實(shí)相反

37、)If you had come here three minutes earlier , you would have seen him.d. wish + sb had done對過去事實(shí)的虛擬eg. I wish I had followed your advice.e. A would rather B+ had doneeg. I would rather you had not done it yesterday.Have you brought your ID card ?My God ! I of it before leaving home A. had reminded B

38、. have been remindedC. had been reminded D. have been reminded 選CGeorge and Lucy got married last week .-Did you go to their wedding?No，I 。Did they have a big wedding? A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite 選C八、過去將來時(shí)future tense in the past1、構(gòu)成：A. would / s

39、hould +VB. was/ were going to +VC. was /were to +VD. was/were about to +V2、用法：用在間接引用語中即賓語從句中I told him that I would /should see him off at the railway station.不用于間接引語中，也可以用過去將來時(shí)。Last Sunday we were going to go for a picnic but it rained.用在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣中和wish從句中If I were a bird, I would +fly to the moon.

40、would當(dāng)used to表過去常常a.表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作慣常行為“時(shí)兩者可互用He would /used to get up early b.表示“過去經(jīng)常的狀態(tài)而不是“行為“動作時(shí)，只用“used to +V。eg There used to be a school here 3強(qiáng)調(diào)“今昔比照還有“現(xiàn)在已不再那樣時(shí)只用used to。People used to think that the sun moved round the earth.4would 常表示“意愿，樂意做的事，因此以下場合不同 would 而用used to。 My mother used to suffer

41、from headaches.5表“認(rèn)為 心理狀態(tài)的詞只與used to 連用。We used to think / believe /consider/feelWhen he was there , hego to that coffee shop at the corner every day. A. would B. should C. had better D. might 選A“過去常常I live with my sister this summer and didnt have to pay rent So I save most of my salary. A. could B

42、. would C. was able to D. should 選C經(jīng)過一番努力干成什么事九、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)present perfect continuous tense1、構(gòu)成：have/has +been +v -ing2、用法：用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過去某一時(shí)刻一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，這個(gè)動作可能剛剛結(jié)束，也可能仍然在繼續(xù)。如：We have been hoping well have a chance to visit the Great Wall of China.有些動詞如work, study, live ,teach 等用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)意思差不多。如 I ha

43、ve worked here for 10 years have been working here但多數(shù)動詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同意思。I have written a letter.已寫完I have been writing a letter.還在寫They have built the house.他們建好了房子。They have been building the house.他們一直在建房子。表示短暫動作的動詞如finish , marry, get up ,come ,go等不能用這種時(shí)態(tài)。表示到說話時(shí)間為止的某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一再重復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。并不是沒有停止過如 A. The o

44、ld men have been drinking tea all the afternoon. 那幾個(gè)老人整個(gè)下午一直在喝茶表示有停頓的動作B.I have been telephoning you several times in two days.兩天來我一直屢次給你打 表示有停頓的動作NEMT 2006I wont tell the students the answer to the math problem until he on it for more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will ha

45、ve been working D. had worked 選A十、一般將來完成時(shí)1、構(gòu)成：will have + p.p.2、用法：表示到將來某一時(shí)間為止完成的行為，與by+將來時(shí)間連用。如 We will have learned 4 ,000 English words by next term.The meeting ten days by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted.選B如 He will have learned English for e

46、ight years by the time he graduates from university next yearMay I come to see your boss at 4:00 tomorrow afternoon?Im afraid he to Tokyo A. will fly B. flew C. will have flown D. is flying 選C十一、一般將來進(jìn)行時(shí)1、構(gòu)成：will be + v-ing2、用法：在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作。如 I Will be having a meting at 4:00 tonight. He will be le

47、arning English the following days.Did you write to Grace last summer?No , but Idher over Christmas Vacation.Abe seen Bbe seeing C have seen Dhave been seeing 選BShall I call at your house at 7:00 p m tomorrow?I a walk in the park so you wont find me at home then.A. shall be taking B. shall take C. wi

48、ll take D. am taking. 選A二動詞的被動語態(tài)passive voice1、概說 當(dāng)主語是動作的承受者時(shí)，謂語動詞要用被動語態(tài)。2、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 助動詞get/be+過去分詞3、被動語態(tài)的用法。當(dāng)動作的執(zhí)行者不明確或者沒有必要指出來時(shí)，謂語動詞要用被動語態(tài)。如A. He will be praised at Tomorrows meeting.B. This book has been translated into many language.C. The peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.D. The house

49、 is being built now.注：在完成句子中經(jīng)常會遇到此種情形例：_(必須采取行動)protect the environment.答案：Action must be taken to 此句中并沒有給出動作發(fā)出者，所以直接使用被動語態(tài)來表達(dá)，而沒有必要加動作發(fā)出者。強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者AThe plan has already been made.BWang Ping may be elected monitor of our class.如果一個(gè)句子既有直接賓語，又有間接賓語，句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，只能將其中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z。常帶雙賓的動詞有g(shù)ive , send ,ask ,t

50、each ,show ,allow tell, call等多數(shù)情況下都是把間接賓語通常指人的名詞轉(zhuǎn)變成主語，更符合英語的習(xí)慣。He gave me some books. Some books were given to me. I was given some books. He showed me the place where he lived. The place where he lived was shown to me. I was shown the place where he lived.“動詞+名詞+介詞結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍觿討B(tài)。pay attention to / play a

51、 role in /take pride in/ make use of/ take good care ofA. You should pay attention to your pronunciation. Attention should be paid to your pronunciation.Your pronunciation should be paid attention.toB. You must make good use of your time. Good use must be made of your time. Your time must be made go

52、od use of .在把“people say/think ,know, believe ,understand ,consider /supposethat+賓語從句變成被動語態(tài)時(shí)，可以用以下兩種形式。People say that Tom is a good student.Tom is said to be a good student.It is said that Tom is a good student.帶有形式賓語it的句子，也可以變成被語態(tài)。如：think/make/consider/find /feel it +adj+to doWe think it important

53、 to learn English well.It is thought important to learn English well.原那么上講，只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。但有的不及物動詞在和介詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成短語動詞時(shí)，有意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動詞，因此也有被動語態(tài)。AHe was being laughed at.BThe patient has been operated on.CHe will be looked after by the nurse.當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞each other, one another時(shí)，或當(dāng)賓語是主語身體上的某一部位時(shí)，當(dāng)賓語是

54、表示處所的名詞時(shí)，都不可變成被動語態(tài)。AHe is old enough to look after himself.BHe put his hand on his chest.CHe joined the army last yearDWe often help each other.以下幾種情況動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動含義1不定式作定語 不定式與它所修飾的名詞有動賓關(guān)系，且與句子的主語有主動關(guān)系時(shí)。 I have some clothes to wash today.He doesnt have enough to drink.比照Ill go to Tokyo tomorrow Do

55、 you have anything to be taken there?我?guī)湍銕ll go to Tokyo tomorrow Look! I have lots of things to take there.我自己帶去。2當(dāng)不定式作表語形容詞的狀語，不定式置于easy hard difficult comfortable, deep, good ,nice important, strange ,adj 后作狀語，且與句中主語構(gòu)成動賓語關(guān)系，用主動形式表被動意義。His phone number is easy to remember.The chair is comfortable

56、 to sit inThe question is difficult to answer.Milk is good to drink.不用to be drunk3在There be 句型中修飾主語的不定式，用主動形式比被動形式更常見。There is much work to do/to be done.但在nothing, anything 和something后，使用兩種語態(tài)表示的意思有所不同。There is nothing to do 沒有事可做to be done沒有方法4在“This/That is +n的句型中，修飾表語的不定式用主動形式表被動意義。This is a hard

57、 question to answer.而不用to be answeredThat is a good place to visit. 而不用 to be visited5不定式 to let, to seek,to blame常用主動形式表被動含義. Nobody isto blame for the accident.這個(gè)事故,誰也不會受到責(zé)怪.The car is to let.此業(yè)出租。The evidence / reason is not to seek.證據(jù)不難找。6以人作主語時(shí)，worthy后的不定式用主動形式和被動形式都可以，但二者意義不同。He is worthy to t

58、ake his position他配擔(dān)任他的職務(wù)。不定式動作是主語發(fā)出 to be chosen他不配中選。不定式動作不是主語發(fā)出7英語中有些動詞能用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義。 1. Are the goods selling well?這些商品好賣嗎？The door wont lock.門鎖不上。Did your plans work out successfully?你們的方案進(jìn)展順利嗎？The play is acting wonderfully well.這場戲演得非常成功。The pen writes smoothly /well.這筆好寫。2.表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動，如：begin,f

59、inish,start, open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。 例：Work began at 7. 工作在七點(diǎn)鐘開始。 The shop closes when the sun sets. 商店在太陽下山時(shí)關(guān)門。3.系動詞look,sound,taste,smell,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep等+形容詞或名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例：The milk smells sour. 牛奶聞起來有點(diǎn)酸。 His plan prove (to be) reasonable . 他的方案證明是

60、合理的。4.介詞in,on,under等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動 表示方位的介詞與含動詞意義的名詞合用，含被動意義其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞常見的有：under control(受控制)， under treatment(在治療中)，under repair(在修理中)，under discussion(在討論中)，under construction(在施工中)，beyond belief(令人難以置信)，beyond ones reach(鞭長莫及)， beyond ones control(無法控制) ，beyond our hope(我們始料不及)， fo