(高考非謂語動詞用法總結(jié))

1、非謂語動詞用法總結(jié)非謂語動詞是歷年高考英語的重要考點之一，也是較難掌握的難點之一。它貫穿于英語學(xué)習(xí)和考試過程的始終。但是，只要認(rèn)真分析、透徹理解、看透本質(zhì)、準(zhǔn)確把握，就一定能在高考中運籌帷幄，游刃有余。一非謂語動詞區(qū)別簡表類別區(qū)別tododoingdone含義主動被動同位或?qū)碇鲃踊颍ㄕ冢┻M(jìn)行被動或完成成分（名詞）主語、賓語、表（動名詞）主語、賓語、表語、（過去分詞）語定語（表用途）作定語、狀（不定式）定語、狀語、（現(xiàn)在分詞）定語、狀語、補語語、補語、表補語語（多表狀態(tài)）否定(not)todo(not)doing(not)done時態(tài)般：todo一般:doing般:done進(jìn)行：tobedo

2、ing進(jìn)行:本身進(jìn)行：無完成：tohavedone完成:havingdone（只作狀語）完成：本身完成進(jìn)行:tohavebeen完成進(jìn)行:無doing語態(tài)般被動：tobedone進(jìn)行被動：無完成被動：tohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行被動:無一般被動:beingdone進(jìn)行被動:本身完成被動:havingbeendone完成進(jìn)行被動:無本身作用作目的狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語作時間狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語、方式狀語、伴隨狀語、讓步狀語作時間狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語、方式狀語、伴隨狀語、讓步狀語二不定式的用法不定式不可作謂語，但它可以有自己的賓語、狀語，構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中

3、可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語（表用途）、狀語或補足語。高考對不定式的考查主要有不定式的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、作用、否定、省略、連詞不定式等。作主語不定式作主語表示具體的動作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。不定式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。eg:Tosayisathing,todoisanother說是一回事，做是另外一回事。）（2）不定式短語較長時，通常放在謂語之后，用it作形式主語。eg:ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.（學(xué)好英語是重要的。）Itisnecessaryforustodothejobwell.（我們做好這項工作是必要的。）Itisagreathonortobei

4、nvitedtogiveaspeechhere.（被邀請在這兒發(fā)表演講是一個極大的榮幸。）作賓語（1）常只用不定式作賓語的動詞有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。eg:Herefusedtohelpme.（他拒絕幫助我.）Shehasagreedtocometomorrow.（他已同意明天來.）（2）不定式較長時，作賓語，也可用it代替，放在后面。eg;Ifinditdifficult

5、todothejobwell.（3）“特殊疑問詞+不定式todo結(jié)構(gòu)”具有名詞特征，可作賓語。eg:Shedidntknowwhethertogoornot.Theyhaventdecidedwhenandwheretobuildtheschool.（4）不定式可作介but,except,besides除之外啲賓語，介詞前有實義動詞do的任何一種形式，后邊的不定式就無to,否則必帶to。eg:Iwanttodonothingbutplaythecomputergames。Ihavenochoicebuttowait。動詞不定式作表語不定式作表語放在be和其他系動詞后，說明主語的內(nèi)容。同樣，“特

6、殊疑問詞不定式”具有名詞特征，也可作表語。eg:Myjobistosweepthefloor.HisgoalwastoenterthekeyuniversityofBeijing.ThefirstquestionishowtofindabetterwaytolearnEnglishwell.不定式作主語時，表語也必須為不定式，結(jié)構(gòu)必須保持一致。eg:Toseeistobelieve.如果主語部分的謂語動詞或非謂語動詞是實義動詞do的某種形式那么作表語的不定式可以省去to.eg:Thefirstthingtodoisfindher.Theonlythinghecoulddowastellthet

7、ruth.不定式作定語不定式作定語常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。eg:Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.(不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。)Hiswishtobeanartisthasnevercometrue.（不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系。）Heistherightmantodothejob.（不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。）Thelittlegirlwasunhappybecauseshehadnofriendstoplaywith.（不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。）（注：若不定式為不及物動詞，其后須加上相應(yīng)的介詞。）不定式作狀語不定式作狀語主要是表示

8、目的、條件、原因和結(jié)果，可位于句首或句末，但句首時通常用逗號隔開。eg:Wesetoffearlythatmorningtocatchthefirstbus.（目的）Togetagoodresult,sheworkedveryhard.（目的）Ifeelitanhonortobeinvitedtotheparty.（條件）Shewasveryhappytogetthefirstprize.（原因）Heworkedhardonlytofail.（結(jié)果）（注:1.不定式常用在soas或inorder后，與它們一起作謂語，表示目的，但soas引起的不定式不可置于句首。eg:Inordertoavoi

9、dmistakes,checkyourhomework.2.不定式表目的常和only連用，往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不愿得到的結(jié)果。eg:Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.）3.“形容詞+enough+不定式”和“too+形容詞或副詞（不表情感）+不定式”也可作結(jié)果狀語。eg:Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Heistooweaktoraisethestone.但too+表情感形容詞（pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等）+todo表示肯定意義，too前面可用only,but等詞

10、修飾。eg:Theywere（only）tooanxioustoleave.（他們只是太急于離開了。）Sheis（only）toopleasedtogohome.（她非常高興可以回家了。）不定式作補語不定式作補語表示動作的完成。賓語與作補語的不定式之間是主動關(guān)系。（1）后接動詞不定式作賓補的常見動詞有：want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg,request,require,beg,get,advise,persuade,invite,order,remind,permit,allow,send,callon,wouldlike/love,arrang

11、efor,dependon等。eg:Shewantedmetoarrivethereearly.Ourheadmastercallonustoworkhard.（2）動詞不定式可作感官動詞（五看二聽一感覺即：see,lookat,watch,observe,notice，hear,listento，feel）和使讓動詞（let,make,have等）后面的賓補時，不定式符號to要省略，但如果句子變被動結(jié)構(gòu)，必須帶to.表示動作的完成。eg:Hemadethemclimbthehill.Theyweremadetoclimbthehill.（3）動詞不定式可作形容詞的補足語動詞不定式可作形容詞的

12、補足語，句型為：（一）主語+系動詞+表語（adj為convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasent等）+todo.（注：todo常用主動表被動，其中do為vt,主語為todo的賓語。）（二）主語+find/think/consider/believe等+賓語+adj+todo.（注:其中todo常用主動表被動，其中do為vt,主語為todo的賓語。）eg:Heiseasytofool.Thewomaniseasytoworkwith.Hefoundthejobisdifficulttoworkout.（4）“特殊疑問詞+不

13、定式todo”具有名詞特征，可作賓補。（謂語動詞多為show,know,teach,tell等。）eg:Illtellyouhowtogetthere7不定式作評注性狀語或插入語不定式可以作評注性狀語或插入語，放在句子前面、中間或末尾。常見的有tobefrank,tobehonest,totellthetruth,tobeginwith,tostartwith,tobeshort等。eg:Tobeginwith,Ithinkyouarewrong.三動名詞用法動名詞具有動詞和名詞的特點，有一般式和完成式，有主動式和被動式，可作主語、賓語、表語和定語否定形式在其前面加not.動名詞作主語動名詞作

14、主語表示抽象動作，指一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗。eg:Drivingacaronthecrowdedroadisboring.Readingismyhobby.常只用動名詞作賓語的動詞有：admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest等。eg:Icantimaginemarryingher.Shemanagedtoescapebeingpunished.以下動詞詞組后面只接動名詞作賓語:giveup,belongt

15、o,lookforwardto,keepon,insiston,bebusy,getdownto,bedevotedto,havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderfultime(in)等。eg:Imlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Hegaveupsmokingthreeyears.動名詞可作表語動名詞可作表語，一般為主語的內(nèi)容.表示一般性或習(xí)慣性的動作。在概念上可以和主語劃等號。把主語和表語倒過來，句子的基本含義不變。eg:Hishobbyispainting.動名詞可作定語動名詞可作定語，表示所修飾事物的功能

16、或用途。eg:Heoftenstudiesinthereadingroom.四現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞具有動詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中作定語、狀語、補語和表語。作定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，單個v-ing放在被修飾的名詞前；如果短語作定語，則放在所修飾詞的后面。v-ing作定語和被修飾詞之間為主動關(guān)系，表示動作正在同時進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常性發(fā)生。eg:thefallingleaves=theleaveswhicharefallingtherisingsun=thesunwhichisrisingIsawhimgointothehousefacingsouth.作狀語動詞-ing或其短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、條件、

17、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、伴隨等。表示時間關(guān)系的動詞-ing短語可由連詞while或when引出。eg:Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.（時間）Havingfinishedhishomework,shewasplayingontheplayground.（原因）Studyinghard,youaresuretogetthefirstprize.（條件）作補語現(xiàn)在分詞作補語表示動作正在進(jìn)行，賓語與作補語的現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動關(guān)系。后面常接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的動詞有感官動詞（五看二聽一感覺see,lookat,watch,observe,notice,hear,listento

18、,feel）使讓動詞（have,get）以及其他類動詞leave,keep,catch,set等。表示動作正在進(jìn)行。eg:Isawthemplayinggamesontheplaygroundyesterday.Donleavehimwaitingoutsidetheroom.4作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語相當(dāng)于形容詞，常表示主語所具有的特征，含有主動意味。大多數(shù)使動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞通?？勺鞅碚Z，常見的有：interesting,amusing,boring,tiring,pleasing,exciting,moving,disappointing,surpring,encouraging等。eg:His

19、storywasverymoving.Thespeechisreallyboring.5作評注性狀語或插入語可以作評注性狀語或插入語,放在句子前面、中間或末尾。注：連詞+doing短語”一般情況下，分詞作狀語時，只能根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系而不能根據(jù)語法特征來判定它是時間狀語、條件狀語或讓步狀語等。因此，有時會遇到很難判斷其歸屬的情形。但如果在其前加上when,if,once,since等連詞，就會很清楚地表明狀語的性質(zhì)。對于這種結(jié)構(gòu)，也可作另外的解釋，即在連詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間省略了主語和be動詞。五過去分詞過去分詞既有副詞的特征又有動詞的特征，在句中可作定語、狀語、補語、表語等成分。（1）作定語過去分詞作

20、定語，它和被修飾詞之間是被動、完成關(guān)系，單個過去分詞作定語放在前，過去分詞短語作定語放在后。其中及物動詞的過去分詞表示完成或被動概念，不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示完成概念，沒有被動的意味。eg:therisensun=thesunwhichhasrisenfallenleaves=leaveswhichhasfallenThisisthehousebuiltseveralyearsago.=Thisisthehousewhichwasbuiltsveralyearsago.作狀語過去分詞在句中作狀語，說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。它和被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系。它在句中可以作時間、條件、原因、方式、讓步

21、和伴隨狀語。eg:Tiredout,theystoppedtohavearest.(原因)Takenaroundthecity,wewereimpressedbythecitysnewlook.Thoughwarnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.作補語及物動詞的過去分詞作補語，和賓語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補表狀態(tài)和完成?？梢詭н^去分詞作賓補的動詞有感官動詞(五看二聽一感覺)，使役動詞have,get,make等，以及其他類動keep,leave,like,want,wish等。eg:Icantgetthecargoi

22、ng.Ihadmylegbrokenlastweek.作表語過去分詞作表語表示被動意義，主語常是人，一般用來表示感受和狀態(tài)，可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有：astonished,delighted,disappointed,excited,experienced,exhausted,frightened,interested,puzzled,qualitied,satisfied,upset等,有些過去分詞作表語實際上已經(jīng)構(gòu)成固定短語。如：beinterestedin,besatisfiedwith,becoveredwith,bedressedin,beseated,belocked等。能用

23、這些分詞作表語的系動詞有be,get,remain,stay等。eg:Thedoorremainedlocked.Weweregreatlyencouragedwhenweheardthespeech.六非謂語動詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)非謂語動詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞或代詞+非謂語動詞”或“with+名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞”。在語法上是一個獨立的短語，不是句子（即：非謂語動詞的邏輯主語與主句主語不一致，須保留之后所構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)）?？煞旁诰涫谆蚓湮?。（一）名詞或代詞+非謂語動詞（1）名詞/代詞+不定式名詞或代詞通常為動作的執(zhí)行者，與不定式構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，可位于句首或句末。eg:Hewillsendme$10

24、0first,theresttofollowinayear.（2）名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞名詞或代詞通常為現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作的執(zhí)行者，與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。eg:Timepermiting,wefinishthework.（表條件）Springcomingon,thetreesturnsgreen.（表時間）（3）名詞/代詞過去分詞名詞或代詞通常為過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。與過去分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系或系表關(guān)系。eg:Thesigalgiven,thebusstarted.Theirstrengthexhausted,theysankdownonebyone.（表原因）（二）wi

25、th+名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞（1）with+名詞/代詞+不定式不定式和賓語之間是被動關(guān)系，表示動作尚未發(fā)生。eg:Withnothingtodo,theywentoutforawalk.（表原因）（2）with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞賓語和動詞-ing之間是主動關(guān)系，表示的動作和謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。eg:Theboysleptwiththelightburning.（表伴隨）with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞不定式和賓語之間是被動關(guān)系，表示動作已經(jīng)完成。eg:Theystayedinsidewiththedoorlocked.（表伴隨）七非謂語動詞的區(qū)別問題（）動詞后接todo不定式還是doin

26、g動名詞的情況：（1）只能接todo不定式的動詞有：want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。(2)常只用動名詞作賓語的動詞有：admit,avoid,appreciate,consider(考慮)dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest等。(3)動詞后二者都可跟，

27、意義不同的有：remembertodosth記起要做某事rememberdoingsth記起做過某事forgettodosth忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事regrettodosth后悔要做某事regretdoingsth后悔做過某事goontodosth接著做另外一件事goondoingsth接著做同一件事stoptodosth停下來開始做另外一件某事stopdoingsth停止做正在做的某事trytodosth盡力做某事trydoingsth試著做某事meantodosth打算(意欲，企圖)做某事meandoingsth意味著做某事canthelp(to)dosth不

28、能幫忙做某事canthelpdoingsth情不自禁地做某事(4)動詞后二者都可跟，意義相同的有：begin,start,like,love,prefer,hate等。但是區(qū)別在于：后接動名詞時表示經(jīng)常性的動作，后接不定式時表示的是具體的特定的動作eg:Ilikeplayingfootball,butIdontlikeplaynow.重點提示：在下列情況下begin和start后只接不定式：主語是物不是人。eg:Springcameonandthesnowbegantomelt.二者用于進(jìn)行時eg:ltsbegintorain.111.二者后接表示心理活動或狀態(tài)的動詞。eg:lbegantor

29、ealizehowstupidlwas.IV.二者后接不定式的被動式。eg:Thenewtypeofcomputerbegantobedevelopedinthe1980s.(二)感官動詞+賓語+賓補(todosth/doingsth)的區(qū)別感官動詞+賓語+賓補(todosth)表示事實或全過程感官動詞+賓語+賓補(doingsth)表示片段或進(jìn)行eg:Themissingboyswerelastseenplayingneartheriver.Didyouseeapencil-boxlyingonthegroundjustnow.（三）個別“使讓動詞賓語賓補”的特別詞的用法1）have+賓語+

30、賓補have+賓語+do“讓做某事”，不定式作賓補可以指現(xiàn)在、將來或可能發(fā)生的動作。eg:Theyhadmerepeatthemessage.Iwonthaveyousaysuchthings.Iwonthaveyoublameitonme.have+賓語+doing讓一直做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補可以表示主語有意讓別人去做或無意引起某人可能去做或表示遭遇。eg:Tomtriedtohavehertalking.Butnouse.Iwonhaveyouspeakingtoyourparentslikethat.（注：have+賓語+doing用于否定句，have有容忍之意。）Whyshouldw

31、ehavetheboystandinginthecornerthewholemorning.have+賓語+done使被做”過去分詞作賓補可表示主語有意識的行為或表示遭遇”、“經(jīng)歷”（動作違背主語的意愿）eg:Weoughttohaveherexaminedbyadoctor.Theoldwomanhadherhandbagstolen.2)get+賓語+賓補get+賓語+todo（=have+賓語+do）“讓做某事有時則是“說服/勸說某人做某事”eg:Iwillgetthepublishertoillustrate（加上插圖）thebook.get+賓語+doing使（靜的物體）動起來，具有

32、進(jìn)行含義。eg:Ishallsoongetthemachineworking.3）get+賓語+done讓被做用法與have+賓語+done基本相同。eg:Hegothiswristbroken.習(xí)題練習(xí)：（2011全國卷I）27.Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen（2011全國卷II）15.Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined（2011全國卷II）1

33、8.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB:saidC.tosayD.saying（2011北京卷）25.Itsimportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated（2011北京卷）33.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyourfeet.A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept（2011上

34、海卷）27.Itsnousewithouttakingaction.A.complainB.complainingC.beingcomplainedD.tobecomplained（2011上海卷）32.Therarefish,fromthecookingpot,hasbeenreturnedtothesea.A.savedB.savingC.tobesavedD.havingsaved（2011上海卷）33.AtonepointImadeupmymindtotalktoUncleSam.ThenIchangedmymind,thathecoulddonothingtohelp.A.torea

35、lizeB.realizedC.realizingD.beingrealized（2011上海卷）40.Todaywehavechatrooms,textmessaging,emailing.butweseemtheartofcommunicatingface-to-face.A.losingB.tobelosingC.tobelostD.havinglost（2011山東卷）27.Lookovertheretheresaverylong,windingpathuptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead（2011江西卷）32.Onreceivingap

36、honecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,MrGordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromoffice.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay（2011江蘇卷）31.Recentlyasurveypricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared（2011安徽卷）30.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmak

37、ethechocolateeasierintosmallpieces.A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak（2011浙江卷）14.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselvesforwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost（2011浙江卷）19.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecitybytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheeredB.becheeredC.tobecheer

38、edD.werecheered（2011福建卷）23.TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded（2011福建卷）27.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold2011四川卷）2.Lydiadoesntfeellikeabroad.Herpa

39、rentsareold.A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy2011四川卷）11.Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keep（2011四川卷）fly.A.keep（2011四川卷）16.animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Toofferbecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer2011遼寧卷）2011

40、遼寧卷）30.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering（2011天津卷）7.Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried（2011天津卷）12.intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslat

41、ed（2011陜西卷）14.Clairehadluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked（2011陜西卷）20.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade2011重慶卷）29.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmenttoofficials,willbeproducedpeoples

42、concernoverfoodsafety.A.toraiseB.raisingC.tohaveraisedD.havingraised2011重慶卷）33.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimselfofhisowndreams.A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.renmind（2011湖南卷）21.Theabilityanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed（2011湖

43、南卷）23.Theplayersfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected（2011湖南卷）29.Doyouwakeupeverymorningenergeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt（10福建）Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvin

44、ceaftertheearthquake.A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent25.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremainedbroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A.stickingB.stuckC.tobestuckD.tohavestuck（10上海）Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagueswithherstories.A.amusedB.amusingC.toamuseD.tobeamused35thecitycent

45、er,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached40.Thaiistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce30.（10安徽）Hehadawonderfulchildhood,withhismothertoallcornersoftheworldA.travelB.totravelC.traveledD

46、.traveling（10湖南）Listen!Doyouhearsomeoneforhelp?A.callingB.callC.tocallD.calledDina,formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle30.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneyinthelibrary.A.discoveredB.tobediscoveredC.discoveringD.

47、havingdiscovered24（10江西）Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,aneyeoutforbargains.AkeepBkeptCkeepingDtokeep32Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting.AtodiscoverBtobediscoveredCdiscoveredDbeingdiscovered（10山東）Ihavealotofreadingsbeforetheendofthisterm.A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted（1

48、0天津）Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,eriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause（10四川）Agreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioningThelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,tomissanypoint.AnottryingBtryingnotCtotrynot

49、Dnottotry（10全國I）Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmapsfromthelibrary.A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowingWithFathersDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebankpresentsformydad.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought（10江蘇）Theretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquake

50、inYushu,thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabled（10陜西）fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.A.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.ToseeHisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished（10全國II）Thou

51、ghtoseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.A.urprisingB.assurprisedC.urprisedDbeingsurprised72.（10湖北）（油漆成）red,thebuildingstandsoutamongtherestandlooksveryattractive.（paint）（10遼寧）Wewereastonishedthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.AfindingBtofindCfindDtobefound（10遼寧）Alexandertriedtogethisworkinthemedi

52、calcircles.A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized21.（10北京）atmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked25.ImcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterdaysChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertised30.（10重慶）Thenewsshockedthep

53、ublic,togreatconcernaboutstudentssafetyatschool.A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead34.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheonefirstisthelibrary.A.repairedB.beingrepairedC.repairingD.toberepaired（10浙江）Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourandlessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.bei

54、ngweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighing（2009全國I）Nowthatwevediscussedourproblem,arepoplehappywiththedecisions?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake（2009全國l）Thechildrenallturnedthefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat（2009全國ll）Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.A.

55、beingrunB.runC.torunD.running（2009北京）Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruitonhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownA.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow（2009北京）twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbitteB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten（2009湖南）Nowadayspeopl

56、esometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforitA.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused（2009陜西）1stillremembertotheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken（2009重慶）Michaelsnewhouseislikeahugepalace,withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.compared（2009重慶）Withtheworldchan

57、gingfast,wehavesomethingnewwithallbyourselveseveryday.A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing（2009山東）WeareinvitedtoapartyinourclubnextFriday.A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding（2009福建）nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagergotoutfortheairportinahurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded（2009福建）InApr

58、il,2009,PresidentHuinspectdthewarshipsinQingdao,the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A.markingB.markedC.havingmarkedD.beingmarked（2009安徽）Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproduedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced（2009天津）bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmersha

59、vesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged（2009天津）theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.CompletingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete（2009遼寧）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycameback.A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded（2009遼寧）,you

60、needtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.A.BeingawinnerB.TobeawinnerC.BeawinnerD.Havingbeenawinner（2009江蘇SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,reduceunemploymentpressures.A.helpB.tohavehelpedC.tohelpD.havinghelped（2009浙