完形填空技巧課件

1、高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)-完形填空解題技巧高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)完型填空試題主要特點(diǎn)：1.通常從一篇250詞左右，夾敘夾議的文章中設(shè)空20個(gè)，首句不挖空；2. 干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)密.一般情況下，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞性相同或?qū)儆谕然驅(qū)Φ确懂牐蓴_項(xiàng)填入后在語法上并不存在錯(cuò)誤，對考生有很大的迷惑作用；3.突出語篇(語境),強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用,注重交際；4.大多富有積極的教育意義，給人以人生的啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣；完型填空試題主要特點(diǎn)：1.通常從一篇250詞左右，夾敘夾議沒有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟:很多考生一拿到完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認(rèn)真分析通篇文章，單純求快，忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。表面上解題速度挺快，但

2、是這種見樹不見林的做法只會(huì)影響解題的質(zhì)量和效率。為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多?切記:一定要用2-3分鐘時(shí)間先進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個(gè)填空.沒有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟:很多考生一拿到完形填空題就急于選擇答案2. 不注意積累答題技巧: a.忽略文章首句的提示作用； b.忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系; c.遇到長句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在語義模糊時(shí)抱碰運(yùn)氣的心理隨意作出選擇.2. 不注意積累答題技巧: a.忽略文章首句的提示作用； b 3.時(shí)間安排不當(dāng):在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。切記:正確的做法是由易到難，先做會(huì)做 的，再考慮較難的。強(qiáng)烈

3、推薦：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某題的可能的兩項(xiàng)填入空格, 然后快速地整句整段地默讀, 選擇某一項(xiàng)習(xí)慣或短語或動(dòng)賓搭配讀起來較流暢的. 3.時(shí)間安排不當(dāng):在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許細(xì)讀首句,跳過空格，通讀全文， 把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難， 個(gè)個(gè)擊破正確的完形填空的解題步驟把握整體具體分析細(xì)讀首句,跳過空格，通讀全文， 把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查結(jié)大家有疑問的，可以詢問和交流可以互相討論下，但要小聲點(diǎn)大家有疑問的，可以詢問和交流可以互相討論下，但要小聲點(diǎn)細(xì)讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Top

4、ic Sentence），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個(gè)“窗口”，它的句意往往為全文提供中心信息，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，爭取開局勝利。細(xì)讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完 對于敘事，描述類文章。短文的首句，往往點(diǎn)明故事發(fā)生的人物(who),時(shí)間（when），地點(diǎn)(where)，和事件(what)等背景情況。例： It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .

5、 2010全國卷（I） 對于敘事，描述類文章。短文的首句，往往點(diǎn)明故事發(fā)生的人物 對于論述文，首句表明了論述的主題。起到揭示主題的作用。例如： A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . . 2010全國卷（II） 對于論述文，首句表明了論述的主題。起到揭示主題詞匯題高考完形填空考什么？篇章結(jié)構(gòu)(語境) 句際關(guān)系結(jié)合選項(xiàng)詞匯題高考完形填空篇章結(jié)構(gòu)句際關(guān)系結(jié)合選項(xiàng)1.復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯題1.復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯題 1. Mrs. Neidl

6、 would ask me for my 37_ . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to .37. A.opinion B.impression C.information D.intentionopinions語境-原詞重現(xiàn) 1. Mrs. Neidl would asMany countries celebrate World Book Day and the 6 is yearly held in different ways. 6. A. performanceB. ac

7、tivity C. celebrationD. design C同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)Many countries celebrate World2. I had some 28 in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29（ only） use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs語境-同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)2. I had some 28 i

8、n my pocIn this way we can live a(an) 20 life rather than waste time doing meaningless things. 20. A. comfortable B. meaningful C. messy D. emptyB反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)In this way we can live a(an) 復(fù)現(xiàn)方面2. 復(fù)現(xiàn)的跨度： 近距離（較多） 遠(yuǎn)距離（較少） 復(fù) 上下義詞匯關(guān)系 總-分-關(guān)系 上下義詞匯關(guān)系A(chǔ) doctor friend, Mr. Lied, told me about a man who came to him wi

9、th a variety of 6 : headaches, heart trouble and insomnia(失眠癥). 6. A. questionsB. reasons C. complaintD. signsDA doctor friend, Mr. Lied, tol2.詞語的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配2.詞語的習(xí)慣用法3. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to

10、see him . 36 A. breath B. test C. seat D. break語境-固定搭配take a 363. The nurse had him take a 3.根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義 3.根據(jù)詞匯的 4. My father_me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is 36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced 語境-詞義辨析 4. My father_me to her with例2 (2016全國卷)The man who

11、 had his bright lights on _48_ and told Larry he had _49_ an emergency call.() 48.A.came down B.came through Ccame in Dcame over例2 (2016全國卷) 4.根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景知識進(jìn)行選擇 4.根據(jù)生活常識常識、背景知識6. Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards

12、 with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 (aside ) , 36. A. custorn B. games C .characters D. language 常識、背景知識6. Born in America , 完形填空技巧1.語法手段2.邏輯手段句際關(guān)系1.語法手段1.語法手段2.邏輯手段句際關(guān)系1.語法手段8.I then 32（realized ） I had no right to place myself above 33 just because he was busking. 33. A. it B. all C

13、. him D. them語法-指代語法-指代9. “ As a policeman,I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging 28(impact) on the kids. ” 27. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether 語法-句型9. “ As a policeman,I saw Fire can help people in many ways. But fire can also be very 2 . Big fire can bur

14、n trees, houses, animals or people, which can bring severe injuries and even lead to many deaths. 2. A. harmfulB. painful C. useful D. hopefulA語境-轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系Fire can help people in many w 11.Bean is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . 38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy語境-同類并列關(guān)系 11.Bean is a white dog,

15、 quite 12. First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally語境-順序關(guān)系 12. 語境-順序關(guān)系小結(jié)：完型填空考查內(nèi)容 原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義.近義反義復(fù)現(xiàn) 指 代 句 型 并列關(guān)系 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 解釋關(guān)系語法項(xiàng)目 順序關(guān)系 因果關(guān)系詞匯手段語法手段邏輯手段語篇信息（語境理解） 讓步關(guān)系 固定搭配 詞義辨析 文化常識 小結(jié)：完型填空考查內(nèi)容 原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義.近義反義復(fù)現(xiàn) 指 Problem solving strategies注意上下文語境（context)了解常識背景（common sense）掌握習(xí)慣搭配（phrases & idioms）運(yùn)用詞義辨析 （comparison）運(yùn)用語法分析（grammar analysis)運(yùn)用邏輯分析 (logical analysis )運(yùn)用排除法 （exclusive