Unit 5 單元測試題-學(xué)年人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(含答案)

1、UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND第一局部聽力（略）第二局部閱讀（共兩節(jié)，總分值50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2.5分，總分值37.5分） 閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。HEADINGTON CHILDREN S PHOTOGRAPHY COMPETITION19th AprilWe*re excited to hold a childrens wildlife photography competition this year on the theme of My Planet Earth, which aims to explore the

2、 wonderful wildlife living in our neighbourhood.The competition is for children aged 4 through 11 who live or go to school in and around Headington and an exhibition of our favourite photos will be shown at Headington Festival on 6th June.There are two age categories （類另U）, A winner and two runners-

3、up will be chosen in each category:4-7-year-olds8-11-year-oldsTHE PRIZESWe have exciting prizes for winners and runners-up:Winner in each category receives a family ticket to the Science Oxford Centre.Runners-up will receive book tokens （券）.All the photographs included in the festival exhibition wil

4、l also be shown at the Science Oxford Centre.THE RULESFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification （不合格）.Wildlife doesnt include pets.We request one photographic entry per person.Your photograph must be taken in or around Headington.finding a farmer with 60.he wanted to partner. This time

5、as a landowner, he looked for a（n） 61.（suit） farmer to give the land new life with a vegetable operation. In exchange, he offered a free 30-year land lease （租期）and below-market rent on half of a two-family house he was in the process of building on the property. Eugene designed the arrangement 62.（h

6、e） to empower a young farmer by providing the opportunity to farm worry-free and for a long time.Eugene found his match 63.Jack Whettam and Melissa Phillips, a family from California 64.（seek） an opportunity to farm in the Hudson Valley. The family 65.（start） Hidden Acre Farm on the property in earl

7、y 2019 and the farmers were helped to connect to market opportunities in New York City.第四局部寫作（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）第一節(jié)（總分值15分）假定你是李華，你校將舉辦英文演講比賽，主題為“How to solve world hunger”，請寫一篇演講稿參賽。注意：寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。第二節(jié)（總分值25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Physical activity, recreation （娛樂）and time spent outdoors are important p

8、arts of a healthy lifestyle. Not only do recreational activities provide great exercise, but they also have the potential to start activities that can help you center on yourself, clear your mind or get close to friends and family. Time spent outside is always well spent. From the physical benefits

9、to the mood-boosting （提升情緒的）and mental advantages, weve rounded up all the reasons why recreational activities are great for your mind, body and soul.When you think of exercising, you probably picture lifting weights in a gym.Many recreational activities, however, are also great forms of exercise. E

10、ssentially, recreational activities are outdoor pastimes （消遣）that you pursue mainly for your own enjoyment - to relax, get fresh air, exercise and live in the moment. Hiking, skiing and boating, for example, are enjoyable activities, and they also benefit the heart. Its important not to ignore the p

11、hysical benefits of outdoor recreation.In addition to the physical benefits, recreational activities can also do wonders for your mental health. Time spent outdoors has been shown to reduce stress. Outdoor activities can boost your mood as well. Getting outside and doing what you love resets you for

12、 the day. Sunshine, vitamin D and fresh air are actually recommended as part of a healthy routine.Another amazing benefit of recreational activities is the social interaction that often comes along with joining in them. While there are plenty of activities you can do alone, theres also a lot you can

13、 do with or around people. In todays climate of social distancing, outdoor recreational activities have been lifelines for people to connect and spend time together safely. Going on a hike with someone or driving a car on mountain roads is a great way to connect. Not only are you getting all the phy

14、sical and emotional benefits of being outdoors, but youre also experiencing an emotional connection.參考答案聽力1-20略21-25 BDCAC26-30 DCCBB31-35 ACDBB36-40 EBGAF41-45 BCACD46-50 DCACB51-55 BDADAmore57. to create58. the59. previously60. whomsuitable62. himself63, with64. seeking65. started 寫作第一節(jié)One possibl

15、e version:Good afternoon, everybody!In a world where we try our best to produce enough food to feed everyone, hundreds of millions of people still go to bed on an empty stomach each night. What can we do to solve world hunger?First, reduce food waste. Avoid buying too much. Second, donate food. The

16、donations have a great impact on world hunger. Last but not least, help farmers. Supporting and training them may be the best possible solution.If everyone joins the fight against world hunger, the world will become a better place to live in.第二節(jié)One possible version:Physical activity, recreation and

17、spending time outdoors benefit people in many aspects.（要/點(diǎn) 1） Recreational activities can be organized in many enjoyable forms and are of benefit to the human body.（要點(diǎn) 2） Also, recreational activities help improve mental health in many ways, such as reducing stress and lifting spirits.（要點(diǎn) 3） Whats m

18、ore, recreational activities encourage social interaction, which helps build up an emotional connection.（要點(diǎn) 4）局部解析 閱讀第一節(jié)A篇主題語境：人與自我生活本文是應(yīng)用文。文章為一那么攝影競賽參賽指南。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中的 The competition is for children aged 4 through 11 who live or go to school in and around Headington 可知,該競賽面向 4 至 11 歲的 兒童舉辦。Do 細(xì)節(jié)理解

19、題。由 THE PRIZES 局部中的 Winner in each category receives a family ticket to the Science Oxford Centre可知，獲勝者將得到一張牛津科學(xué)中 心的家庭票。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由 THE RULES 局部中的 Wildlife doesnt include pets 可 知，參賽者的作品應(yīng)與野生動(dòng)物有關(guān)，不包括寵物。B篇主題語境：人與社會(huì)歷史、社會(huì)與文化本文是記敘文。文章是對美國著名植物遺傳學(xué)家George Shull的生平介紹。Ao詞義猜想題。由第一段中的Being needed on the farm和it

20、was supplemented by intense home study可知，家里的農(nóng)場需要Shull幫助，因此他 早年接受的正規(guī)教育時(shí)輟時(shí)續(xù)。off and on為固定表達(dá)，意為“偶爾；斷斷續(xù) 續(xù)”。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的 by 1892, he was teaching public school, and later attending Antioch College 和第二段中的 In 1901, he graduated from Antioch 可知，Shull從Antioch學(xué)院畢業(yè)之前就已經(jīng)有在公立學(xué)校教書的經(jīng)驗(yàn)了。Do 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的 when he c

21、rossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields 可知， Shull培育玉米的方法是將自花授粉的純種玉米雜交，其雜交后代產(chǎn)生了意想不 到的生長優(yōu)勢和很高的產(chǎn)量。Co寫作手法題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)1874、1892、1901、 1904、1905、1915、1942可知，本文是按照時(shí)間順序?qū)懽鞯??！狙a(bǔ)充說明】格雷戈?duì)柮系聽?Gregor Mendel),奧地利帝國生物學(xué)家，是遺傳學(xué)的奠基 人，被

22、稱為“現(xiàn)代遺傳學(xué)之父”，于1865年發(fā)現(xiàn)遺傳定律。C篇主題語境：人與自我生活本文是記敘文。文章講述了農(nóng)場經(jīng)營者Eduardo Rivera致力于改變當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn) 狀的故事。Co 推理判斷題。由第二段中的 I never needed anything, honestly. We had our animals, we had fruit, and we had water 及 I just grew up very lucky 可知, Rivera 覺得自己在農(nóng)場長大很幸運(yùn)。由此可推斷，他對小時(shí)候在農(nóng)場的生活感到很滿 足。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的 He rents the land fro

23、m a local farmer 及 Rivera 所說的 There are a lot of Latinos farming, but. not a lot of us own land 可矢口, Rivera及許多其他拉丁美洲人沒有屬于自己的土地，只能向當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)場主租 借。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第六段中的 His 10-year plan includes opening a farm-to-table restaurant that specializes in Mexican food 可知，Rivera 計(jì)劃將來開 一家墨西哥風(fēng)味的餐廳。Ao 推理判斷題。由第三段中的 He now

24、hopes to change the face of farming by providing organic produce for low-income Latinos 及最后一段中 Rivera 所說的 I want to put money into infrastructure to be able to do things year-round 和 There*s a farmer in Detroit Lakes who grows peaches in a greenhouse 可推斷，Rivera 計(jì)戈U在 擁有自己的土地后進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，效仿他人建造溫室來解決冬季種植問

25、 題，這可以幫助他改變當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀。D篇主題語境：人與自然自然生態(tài)本文是說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)體型大的大黃蜂會(huì)花更多時(shí)間來記住含花蜜多的花 朵。Co 段落大意題。由第二段中的 They will slowly fly around the flower, and then fly away from it, looking back at its location. They will remember the flower and the views all around it可知，本段主要介紹大黃蜂是如何記住含花蜜多的花朵的 位置的。Do 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的 When the conce

26、ntration was greater, the larger bees spent more time circling the flowers and making learning flights. When the concentration was smaller, the length of time the bees spent looking at the flower and flying around it dropped可知，人工花糖溶液濃度越高，大黃蜂花在記住該花位 置上的時(shí)間越長。該段中的solution意為“溶液”。Bo 推理判斷題。最后一段中的 Large bu

27、mblebees are able to carry larger loads and explore further from the nest than smaller ones 和 Smaller bees often take on more tasks inside the nest說明蜂的體型大小決定著它們在群體生活中的主要職 責(zé)。Bo題。本文主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)體型大的大黃蜂會(huì)花更多時(shí)間來 記住含花蜜多的花朵的位置。文章主題與大自然相關(guān)。第二節(jié)主題語境：人與自我生活本文是說明文。文章就經(jīng)營休閑農(nóng)場給出幾點(diǎn)建議。Eo空前介紹了休閑農(nóng)場；空后講述的是你剛開始經(jīng)營休閑農(nóng)場時(shí)可能會(huì)遇 到的

28、問題以及對策。由此可推斷，本空所講內(nèi)容應(yīng)與開始經(jīng)營農(nóng)場及可能遇到 的問題相關(guān)，E項(xiàng)符合語境。Bo 由本段中的 Start small 及 If you start with just one or two . a lower rate of failure可知，你剛開始經(jīng)營休閑農(nóng)場時(shí)，應(yīng)該從小做起，先嘗試種植一兩種作 物。所有選項(xiàng)中，只有B項(xiàng)符合語境。Go 由本段中的 Dont try to be profitable 及 Remember that you got into hobby farming for the fun of it可知，本段講述的是你不要靠自己的休閑農(nóng)場賺錢，因 為這不

29、是你經(jīng)營休閑農(nóng)場的初衷。由此可推斷，本空所講內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與“利潤”或 “樂趣”相關(guān)，應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)。Ao本段講述的是與其他農(nóng)民交流。由空前的Talk to other farmers和there are probably other people who share similar goals 及空后的 Consider joining a group that shares tips, tools, and other resources 可知，A 項(xiàng)符合語境。A 項(xiàng)中的 them 指 代 other people who share similar goals, 且 connect with 與 T

30、alk to 及 joining 均與 交流有關(guān)。Fo本段講述的是在你的休閑農(nóng)場里你可以依據(jù)自己的喜好試驗(yàn)各種作物。 結(jié)合空前的Be flexible with your choices及空后所給實(shí)例可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合語境， 該項(xiàng)中的free與本段中的flexible同義。本空內(nèi)容起承上啟下的作用。語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)主題語境：人與自然自然生態(tài)本文是說明文。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷介紹了園藝如何教孩子成長。Bo由上文中的helping out in the garden as children可知，這里是作者描述小 時(shí)候他在花園里跟爺爺一起勞作的情形爺爺種植劍蘭莖塊，他在爺爺身旁 往土里放胡蘿卜種子。故pla

31、nt符合語境。Co 由上文中的 good memories of helping out in the garden 以及下文介紹園藝 教孩子成長可知，garden是本文關(guān)鍵詞。由本句中的In todays busy world可 知，本句內(nèi)容與上文形成比照關(guān)系，指出在當(dāng)今快節(jié)奏的生活中，擁有一個(gè)花 園看上去更像是個(gè)工程，這里是說園藝生活并不那么容易。應(yīng)選garden。Ao由下文介紹園藝教孩子成長以及本句中but一詞的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，雖然如今 擁有一個(gè)花園更像是一個(gè)工程，但一小塊土地卻能提供許多學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。故 rich （豐富的）符合語境。plot在此處作名詞，意為“小塊土地”。Co由下文介紹園藝在

32、情感、體力、數(shù)學(xué)能力等方面令孩子成長可知，孩子 可以從花園勞作的過程中在多方面“受益（benefit）Do 由常識(shí)和下文中的 Help him、teach him work on Talk to him 可知,作 者這里是說在花園里勞作時(shí)，家長要給予孩子一定的幫助，這樣他們才能有所 收獲。故effort （努力）符合語境。Do 由本句中的 preschoolers learn to be responsible and patient 和 as it grows into a plant可知，孩子只有在經(jīng)歷過“細(xì)心照看（caring for） ”一粒種子直到它長 成一株植物的過程，才能懂得責(zé)任

33、與耐心。Co孩子觀察到一粒種子是如何長成漂亮的植物的，這個(gè)過程帶給人的應(yīng)該 是一種成就感和滿足感。故self-satisfaction （自我滿足）符合語境。另外，根據(jù) 上文中的From an emotional standpoint也可知，本句內(nèi)容與上文提及的責(zé)任感和 耐心都是與人的內(nèi)心感受相關(guān)的。Ao根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，簡單的挖種（勞動(dòng)）對人的身體成長也是有幫助的。故 helps符合語境。Co本空所在局部承接上文內(nèi)容，說明在戶外從事園藝勞作對孩子體能方面 的幫助是自然而然形成的。故naturally （自然地）符合語境。Bo 由下文列舉的 Help him to make a chart. te

34、ach him to predict. work on basic math concepts . Talk to him about the principle of cause and 可知，畫圖 表、預(yù)測變化、學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)基本概念和了解因果關(guān)系都與教育相關(guān)。本段中作者 介紹的是園藝經(jīng)歷在教育方面帶給孩子的成長。故educational符合語境。chart 此處有“圖表”之意。Bo 由本句中的 make a chart of his plants、predict、each week 可矢口，這里是 說幫助孩子預(yù)測植物每周的生長“變化（change）Do由本句中的basic math conce

35、pts可知，數(shù)學(xué)概念應(yīng)該是與測量、計(jì)算有 關(guān)。故measuring符合語境。Ao 由本句中的 as he waters the seeds and they later sprout 可知，種子被澆灌 然后才能發(fā)芽表達(dá)的是一種因果關(guān)系。故effect符合語境。the principle of cause and effect是固定表達(dá)，意為“因果原理”。Do 由本句中的 from sowing seeds to growing plants to harvesting flowers and veggies可知，經(jīng)歷播種、種植和收獲后，生命完整的周期就“展現(xiàn)（unfolds） ” 在了孩子面前

36、。本句中的wear on指“（時(shí)間）慢慢過去”。Ao 下文中的 Believe me, the memories of planting flowers next to Mom are sure to be sweet是對本空內(nèi)容的解釋，說明從事園藝活動(dòng)是一種可以把人們緊密“聯(lián) 系（connect） ”起來的不錯(cuò)的方法。第二節(jié)主題語境：人與社會(huì)社會(huì)服務(wù)本文是記敘文。來自紐約市的Eugene Kwak用他自己的方式幫助農(nóng)民。moreo考查副詞的比擬級(jí)。由語境及設(shè)空處后的than his New York City routine可知，這里表達(dá)的是比擬意義，故填much的比擬級(jí)形式more。to

37、createo考杳固定搭配。use . to do sth.用做某事。the?？疾槎ü谠~。with the help of在的幫助下。previouslyo考查副詞。設(shè)空處作狀語，意為“先前”，故填previously。whomo考查關(guān)系代詞。設(shè)空處所在局部為“with +關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語 從句，修飾名詞farmer,且設(shè)空處在從句中作賓語，故填whom。suitableo考查形容詞作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作前置定語修飾farmer,用形容 詞，意為“合適的”,故填suitableohimselfo考查代詞。由語境可知，此處是說Eugene“他自己”設(shè)計(jì)了（農(nóng)場 的）布局安排，故填hims

38、elf。witho考查介詞。match with與匹配。match此處用作名詞。seekingo考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作后置定語，修飾說明family的情況，故填seekingstarted o考查一般過去時(shí)。由時(shí)間狀語in early 2019可知，此處描述的動(dòng)作 發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)，故填startedoYour photograph should be taken on a digital camera, tablet or phone.When you are emailing your competition picture to us, please writ

39、e a very brief description of it. For exampleA bird I found in my back garden. Your description will help our judges to understand why you took the picture.Tell us your name, age, and address - and what school you go to.Choose the one you are most proud of and email it to us at by 20th May.What do w

40、e know about the competition?It will take place on 19th April.It is open to children aged 4-11.It centres on wildlife protection.It is only for school children in Headington.What will the winners get?A new digital camera.A copy of the best pictures.A book about wild animals.A family ticket to the Sc

41、ience Oxford Centre.Which of the following will result in disqualification?Emailing one photographic entry.Emailing your picture on 6th May.Emailing a picture of your pet dog.Emailing your picture with a description of it.BGeorge Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowle

42、dge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and oe. However, it was supplemented （增補(bǔ)）by intense home study so that by 1892, he was teaching public school, and later attending Antioch College.In 1901, he graduated from Antioc

43、h and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany （植物學(xué)）and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U.S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as

44、a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph.D. thesis （論文）.And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.He began working on corn in 190

45、5. Following Gregor MendeFs example, Shull obtained pure-bred （純種的）lines of corn through self-pollination. The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He i

46、mmediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Geneti

47、cs is still one of the top international science journals.Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.What does the underlined part “off and on in paragraph 1 mean?Not regularly.Very formally.Very excellently.Not surprisingly.What do w

48、e know about Shull before graduating from Antioch?He had begun his work on corn.He had passed a Civil Service exam.He had had some experience of teaching.He had examined the plants of Chesapeake Bay.What was so special about ShulFs method of corn breeding?It was first published in Genetics.It comple

49、tely relied on self-pollination.It was mainly widely accepted in Ohio.It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.How does the author mainly develop the text?By giving examples.By making comparisons.By following time order.By presenting a scientific study.CEduardo Rivera learned how to farm from his gran

50、dfather, who grew black beans, peaches, carrots and tomatoes in Zacatecas, Mexico. His playground was the farm 一 the chickens, the animals, the crops - and now, while he is living in Stillwater, Minnesota, its still the same.“As a kid, I didn!t really have much in terms of possession （擁有）of toys or

51、a television/ he says. Your playground was outside. I never needed anything, honestly. We had our animals, we had fruit, and we had water. I just grew up very lucky.”When he was 10, Rivera and his family moved to Arizona. He farmed in Arizona and moved to Minnesota six years ago. He now hopes to cha

52、nge the face of farming by providing organic produce for low-income Latinos.Rivera runs Sin Fronteras, a 3%-acre farm which he started in 2014. He rents the land from a local farmer. There are a lot of Latinos farming, but. not a lot of us own land J Rivera says.About 60 percent of Sin Fronteras bus

53、iness is wholesale; Rivera delivers to restaurants and food co-ops twice a week. The rest is sold through a community- supported agriculture program and at farmers* markets.Riveras five-year business plan calls for him to own his own farm. His 10-year plan includes opening a farm-to-table restaurant

54、 that specializes in Mexican food.“Not having any infrastructure （基石出設(shè)施）or money, Ill have to grow for four years to achieve the numbers and then ask fbr a loan to buy my farm/9 he says. Pm going to rent one more year, and then I hope to be able to buy my own place. I dont see myself doing anything

55、else.”O(jiān)nce he owns his land, Rivera says he will be able to grow in the winter, too. I want to put money into infrastructure to be able to do things year-round, he says. “Theres a farmer in Detroit Lakes who grows peaches in a greenhouse. There*re a lot of things you could be doing in the winter too

56、.”How does Rivera feel about his childhood years on the farm?Encouraged.Regretful.Satisfied.Ashamed.What problem does Rivera face now?His farm needs more hands.He doesnt have his own land.His produce doesnt sell well.He can only grow one or two crops.What is Riveras plan?To rent more land.To open a

57、restaurant.To raise the prices of vegetables.To teach local people about farming.What is important to Rivera for changing the face of farming?Building greenhouses.Introducing foreign fruit.Joining another modern farm.Developing new farming methods.Bigger bumblebees （大黃蜂）spend time learning the locat

58、ions of the most nectar-rich （花蜜多的）flowers, so they can easily find them again, new research finds. Smaller bees, on the other hand, arent quite as choosy in their flower selection.After drinking from a flower, bumblebees decide if its worth visiting again. If the flower is rich in nectar, bumblebee

59、s will perform what are known as learning flights to study the location around the flowers. They will slowly fly around the flower, and then fly away from it, looking back at its location. They will remember the flower and the views all around it. On their next trip, the bees match what they see wit

60、h the views they have already memorized. This takes them back to the flowers location.For the study, researchers set up an experiment in a greenhouse where they could watch bees visit artificial flowers containing varying concentrations （不同濃度）of sugar solutions. The flowers had sugar solutions rangi