中小學(xué)優(yōu)質(zhì)課件動詞時態(tài)課件

1、動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)表動詞時態(tài)表一般現(xiàn)在時1、表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，句子中常有often, always, seldom 等時間狀語 He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning.2、主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點 She has a brother who lives in New York. 一般現(xiàn)在時1、表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，句子中常有often,一般現(xiàn)在時3、表示格言或警句 Pride goes before a fall.(驕兵必敗)4、表示客觀真理和科學(xué)事實等 The earth goes around the

2、 sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 一般現(xiàn)在時3、表示格言或警句一般現(xiàn)在時的主要考點考點一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。 如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考點二：一般現(xiàn)在時的否定句和疑問句多借助動詞。He knows some French, but doesnt know any German. 一般現(xiàn)在時的主要考點考點一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的時間、條件、程度狀語從句中

3、動詞的時態(tài)在if 、unless等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，when till/until 、as soon as 、the time等詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，以及the more the more 結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的程度狀語從句中，當主句中的動詞用一般將來時，從句中的動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時間。時間、條件、程度狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài)在if 、unless等 NMET94年 38題I need one more stamp before my collection _. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completedD N

4、MET94年 38題D NMET86 If it _tomorrow, the sports meet will not be held. A. rains B. will rain C. goes to rain D. shall rainA NMET86 A 典型考題1.Could you tell me if it in winter in Beijing. A. snowed B. snows C. snow D. will snow2.Columbus proved that the earth _ round. A. was B. is C. were D. areB B 典型考題

5、1.Could you tell me if it 一般過去時1、表示在過去某個特定時間發(fā)生且完成的動作The car isnt here. Where did you park it yesterday.2、表示過去習(xí)慣性動作，不強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去。 He used to smoke a lot.常跟明確的過去時間連用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 一般過去時1、表示在過去某個特定時間發(fā)生且完成的動作一般過去時3、表

6、示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的行為，語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣Did you wish to see me now.4、在時間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時。He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 一般過去時3、表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的行為，語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣一般過去時5、表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪芟氲幕蚍钦鎸嵉那闆r，多用于以下句型：If she died, would you die too?她要是死了，你也去死嗎？I wish I were back home. I dont like here.真希望我回到了家里。我不喜歡這兒。Id rather you didnt do it

7、.我寧愿你不做這件事。Its time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。一般過去時5、表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪芟氲幕蚍钦鎸嵉那闆r，多用于以下一般過去時的考點考點一：used to + do，表示過去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動作。be/become/get used to + doing，表示習(xí)慣于He used to smoke a lot.He has got used to getting up early.考點二：一般過去時的否定句和各種疑問句多借用助動詞。He knew some French, but didnt know any German.一般過去時的考點考點一：use

8、d to + do，表示過去經(jīng)典型考題：1.Your phone number again? I quite catch it. Its 6958443. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cantA 典型考題：1.Your phone number again 例二：NMET97 上海 19題-Oh, its you! I _ you.-Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses. didnt recognize B. hadnt recognizedC. havent recognized D. don

9、t recognize A 例二：NMET97 上海 19題A 判斷正誤1、對不起，我沒看見你在這兒。Sorry, I dont see you here.Sorry, I didnt see you here.2、我忘了把你的傘帶來了。I forget to bring your umbrella with me.I forgot to bring your umbrella with me.KEY:第二句正確。 判斷正誤1、對不起，我沒看見你在這兒。KEY:第二句正確。一般將來時1、shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。例

10、如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？一般將來時1、shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。一般將來時2、be going to +不定式，表示將來。（1）主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？（2）計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。（3）有跡象要發(fā)生的事。

11、例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。一般將來時2、be going to +不定式，表示將來。一般將來時3、be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。4、be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。！ 注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next w

12、eek 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。一般將來時3、be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的過去將來時一般表示對過去來說的將來時間的動詞形式。如：He said he would go to Hefei on business the next day. 他說他第二天要去合肥出差。過去將來時一般表示對過去來說的將來時間的動詞形式?，F(xiàn)在進行時表示說話此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的行為，be（am/is/are）+現(xiàn)在分詞 She is running現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的行為，be（a 表示說話此刻正在進行的行為。（時間特征：now, at the moment；動作提示：lo

13、ok, Be quite）例如： We are waiting for you now. Look, they are swimming.用法1 表示說話此刻正在進行的行為。（時間特征：now, at 現(xiàn)階段的行為表示長期的或重復(fù)性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。（時間特征：this term, these days）例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。 How are you doing at school this term. 你這學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)情況如何？用法2 現(xiàn)階段的行為表示長期的或重復(fù)性的動作，說話時動作未用法3與always,

14、 constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。用法3與always, constantly, foreve 表示即將發(fā)生的或預(yù)定中計劃好的活動。 We are leaving soon. 我們馬上就走。 漸變動詞，如get, run, grow, become, begin以及瞬間動詞die等。 He is dying. 他要死了。 Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。用法4用法4典型考題My

15、dictionary _, I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it. A. has lost, dont find B. is missing, dont find C. has lost, havent found D. is missing, havent found. 答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進行時，由于沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時，瞬間動詞用于否定式時可用于完成時。典型考題My dictionary _, I have 不用進行時的動詞 1、表示事實狀態(tài)的動詞，如have, belong, possess, c

16、ost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如： I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。 This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。不用進行時的動詞 1、表示事實狀態(tài)的動詞，如have, be不用進行時的動詞2、表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefe

17、r, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。 He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。不用進行時的動詞2、表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如know, rea不用進行時的動詞3、瞬間動詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如： I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。4、系動詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, b

18、ecome, turn等。例如： You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。不用進行時的動詞3、瞬間動詞，如accept, receiv過去進行時概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個長動作延續(xù)的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來，受了傷。It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時，正下著雨。過去進行時概念：表示過去某時正在

19、進行的狀態(tài)或動作。過去進行時1. 過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。這一特定的時間可用時間狀語連用。如：at that time; at 8 oclock; when也可用上下暗示。過去進行時1. 過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。這 NMET 1997 第10題 I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had workedB NMET 1997 第10題B NMET 1998第 20

20、題Shirley _ a book about China last year, but I dont know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writingD NMET 1998第 20題D NMET 1999 第 24 題- Hey, look where you are going!- Oh, Im terribly sorry,_.Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont not

21、iceB NMET 1999 第 24 題B2.過去進行時常用于由when、while、as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，表示背景，引出由一般過去時表示的新動作?；颍哼^去進行時（表示背景）+when+ 一般過去時（新發(fā)生的動作）。此時when 相當于at that time; just then.2.過去進行時常用于由when、while、as引導(dǎo)的時間狀 NMET 2000 第25 題The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.was travelling B. travelled C.had been travellin

22、g D. was to travelA NMET 2000 第25 題A典型考題1. Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，瑪麗在做衣服時提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。典型考題1. Mary _ a dress when 典型考題2. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read；was falling B. was reading；

23、 fellC. was reading； was fallingD. read；fell答案B. 句中的as = when, while，意為當之時。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。典型考題2. As she _ the newspape現(xiàn)在完成時主語 + have / has + 過去分詞 （肯定式）主語 + have / has + not + 過去分詞 （否定式）Have / Has + 主語 + 過去分詞 （疑問式）I hav

24、e had a clock now. 我現(xiàn)在有一個鬧鐘了。We have not heard from him since 1999.自從1999年以來一直沒有收到他的來信。 How long have you waited for him?你已經(jīng)等他多久了？現(xiàn)在完成時主語 + have / has + 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時的考點 1、多和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語連用 Since 用來說明動作起始時間 for 用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度 I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住在這兒二十多年了。 I have lived here si

25、nce I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。現(xiàn)在完成時的考點 1、多和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語連用since的四種用法1） since +過去一個時間點I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在這兒。 2） since +一段時間+ ago。I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經(jīng)有五個月了。 since的四種用法1） since +過去一個時間點since的四種用法 3） since +從句。Great changes have taken place since you left. 你

26、走后，變化可大了。 4） It is +一段時間+ since從句。 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。 since的四種用法 3） since +從句。用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 2. It is the first / second time. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時。如： It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。 3. This is +形容詞最高級+that結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。例

27、如： This is the best film that Ive （ever） seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 2. It is the first 區(qū)別幾個“到某地去”的詞組Have been in過去曾去過，現(xiàn)已回，表示一種經(jīng)驗或經(jīng)歷Have been to過去到過，現(xiàn)已返回，是最近的經(jīng)歷Have gone to到某地去了，現(xiàn)還沒有回來區(qū)別幾個“到某地去”的詞組Have been in延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞 用于完成時的區(qū)別延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結(jié)果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如： He has completed the work.他已完

28、成了那項工作。 （表結(jié)果）Ive known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。（表經(jīng)歷）延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞 用于完成時的區(qū)別延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞 用于till / until從句的差異 延續(xù)動詞用于肯定句，表示做直到 瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示到，才。例如：He didnt come back until ten oclock. 他到10 點才回來。He slept until ten oclock. 他一直睡到10延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞 用于till / until從句的差異 She _ Robert for a year. A.married B. married with

29、C. has been marrying D. has been married toDMarry是瞬間性動作，不能和for +時間段的狀語連用。要表示狀態(tài)的用has been married to sb.“和某人結(jié)婚”是marry sb. DMarry是瞬間性動作，不能和for +時間段的狀語連 -Do you know our town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.was B. have been C. came D. have goneB B典型考題1. You dont need to describe her. I _ h

30、er several times.A. had metB. have met C. met D. meet答案B. 首先本題后句強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。典型考題1. You dont need to descr典型考題 2. -Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)

31、在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。典型考題 2. -Im sorry to keep y過去完成時 主語 + had + 過去分詞 （肯定式） 主語 +had + not + 過去分詞 （否定式） Had + 主語 + 過去分詞 （疑問式）We had not heard from him since we left here.自從我們離開以來一直沒有收到他的來信。過去完成時 主語 + had + 過去分詞 （肯定式）過去完成時的用法1.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。例如： She said （that）she had never been to Pa

32、ris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。2.狀語從句 在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時。例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。 過去完成時的用法1.在told, said, knew, h過去完成時的用法3. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示原本，未能。例如： We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 那

33、時我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來。過去完成時的用法3. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wis過去完成時的用法 4、在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句以前發(fā)生的動作。 By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. 過去完成時的用法 4、在by、by the end、by 過去完成時的用法5、表示“一就”的幾個句型： Hardly had+ 主語 + 過

34、去分詞 + when + 一般過去時。 No sooner had + 主語 + 過去分詞 + than+ 一般過去時。 Scarcely had + 主語 + 過去分詞+ before + 一般過去時。 No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.我們一坐下，車就開了。過去完成時的用法5、表示“一就”的幾個句型： 典型考題The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office.A. had written, leftB，were writi

35、ng, has leftC. had written, had leftD. were writing, had left答案D. 把書忘在辦公室發(fā)生在去取書這一過去的動作之前，因此忘了書這一動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在同學(xué)們正忙于這一背景下，when所引導(dǎo)的動作發(fā)生。因此前一句應(yīng)用過去進行時。 典型考題The students _ busily wh總結(jié)性練習(xí)When I was at college I _three foreign languages,but I _- all except a few words of each. A. sp

36、oke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten2. - Has Tom finished his composition yet? - I have no idea; he _ it this morning. A. wrote B. had written C. has written D. was writing3. - I havent heard from Henry for a long time. - What do you

37、suppose _ to him? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened4. Jack _ a postman for about six years. A. has become B. has turned C. has changed D. has been BDCD總結(jié)性練習(xí)When I was at college I _5. Would you please give him the message the moment he _? A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive.A5. Would you please give him t1.I wonder what has become of your company? -_?It is as good as ruined because of bad management. A. Dont you hear about it B. Hav