中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

1、1中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)六大基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)28-9月-221中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)26-9月-222You are interested in English.It is better to give than to receive.He is swimming in the river.What I like best is swimming. 兩組動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別呢？28-9月-222You are interested in English3謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.We can sing this song together.2.He came back to Shenyang yesterday.3.She has le

2、arnt 2000 English words.4.They are playing on the playground.5.It will rain tomorrow morning.28-9月-223謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.We can sing this song t4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1. To say is one thing and to do is another.2. I want to study English well.3. Looking after old men is my job. 4. Do you know the boy lying there? 5. I saw her mo

3、ther beaten by a man. 28-9月-224非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1. To say is one thing a5在句中是否獨(dú)立用作謂語(yǔ)，可把動(dòng)詞分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞兩種。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞）28-9月-225在句中是否獨(dú)立用作謂語(yǔ)，可把動(dòng)詞分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定6一、動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式 He wanted to sit down. Let him sit down.二、不定式的基本用法 動(dòng)詞不定式雖然是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，但是它卻具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的功能，因此在句中可以用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（賓補(bǔ)）、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。 帶to的不定

4、式不帶to的不定式28-9月-226一、動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式 He wanted to sit7He began to read and write after lunch. 1.用作賓語(yǔ) (v. + to do )need to do learn to do agree to do plan to do decide to do refuse to dowish to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to dostop to do go on to doI want to buy a computer.She

5、hopes to find a better job.28-9月-227He began to read and write af82. 用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：(v. + sb. + to do )Edisons mother taught him to read and write. want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to do help sb to doShe asked me to help her.The teacher told hi

6、m to come on time.28-9月-2282. 用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：(v. + sb. + to do 9作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不帶to 的情況：常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有： 使役動(dòng)詞: let, make, have 感官動(dòng)詞: see, watch, hear, feel, listen toLet me do it.I saw him cross the street.比較： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.28-9月-229作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不帶to 的情況：常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：Let me d103.用作

7、狀語(yǔ)：He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book.The boy was too frightened to move.(目的)(目的)(目的)(結(jié)果)28-9月-22103.用作狀語(yǔ)：He came to show me hi114.用作主語(yǔ)1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2.To go abroad is his dream.3.To say is easy, to d

8、o is difficult.（這時(shí)可將其用形式主語(yǔ)it來(lái)替換）It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.28-9月-22114.用作主語(yǔ)1.To be here at Christ125.用作表語(yǔ)His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the patients.翻譯：我的夢(mèng)想是成為一名科學(xué)家。My dream is to be a sc

9、ientist.28-9月-22125.用作表語(yǔ)His work is to feed th136.用作定語(yǔ)Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is hard enough to skate on.He bought a toy to play with.若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞不能省略。28-9月-2

10、2136.用作定語(yǔ)Give me something to d147.疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, where, when, how加to do可構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。When to start has not been decided.I dont know what to do.He can tell you where to get the book.The question is who(m) to ask.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)28-9月-22147.疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, where15找出句子中的不定式，并說(shuō)出作

11、用：It takes you ten minutes to get there.I hope to see him soon.His wish is to become an artist.People eat to live, but not live to eat.I have a lot to tell you.Its not right to be always thinking of oneself.We often see him play football.定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)28-9月-2215找出句子中的不定式，并說(shuō)出作用：It takes you16 Sayi

12、ng so much is useless. It is useless saying so much. Swimming in the sea is his favourite sport. It is his favourite sport swimming in the sea.二、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)具有名詞的功能，在句中可用作多種名詞性成分。 用作主語(yǔ)： 跟不定式一樣，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末，而在其原來(lái)的位置用it作形式主語(yǔ)。例如：28-9月-2216 Saying so much is use17 用作表語(yǔ)： 動(dòng)名詞用作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)是什么，而不是主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征如何。例如：My g

13、reatest pleasure is traveling. One of his bad habits is biting nails. 28-9月-2217 用作表語(yǔ)：26-9月-2218 用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)： 只能接動(dòng)名詞而不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss, practise等等。 例如： She enjoys going to the cinema. He keeps making the same mistakes. Do you mind my smoking here? 28-9月-2218 用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)：26-9月-2219

14、 用作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不帶附加成分，通常前置，表示該名詞所表示的事物的用途。如果用“for動(dòng)名詞”，則應(yīng)后置。例如：a swimming pool a teaching building 用作介詞賓語(yǔ)： 與介詞一起用作狀語(yǔ)等，也可用在部分形容詞后。例如：After finishing my work, I took a short rest. They drove into town without talking to each other. All the students are sure of passing the examination. = a pool for swimmi

15、ng = a building for teaching 28-9月-2219 用作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不帶附加成分，通常前置，表示20三、分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形-ing”構(gòu)成（如：ask asking, study studying, live living, stop stopping）。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)具有形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中可用作多種句子成分。 過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成有兩種：規(guī)則的變化由“動(dòng)詞原形-ed”構(gòu)成（如：ask asked, live lived, study studied, stop stopped）。28-9月-2220三、分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞

16、兩種。 過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成21 用作定語(yǔ)：a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping the rising sun = the sun that is rising He is a young man with pleasing manner. The room was full of people waiting for the headmaster. We need more trained nurses. Things seen from behind seem a little different. 如果是短語(yǔ)，則為后置定語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句，現(xiàn)在分詞

17、表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)行為，過(guò)去分詞則表示被動(dòng)的行為。如果是單詞，則為前置定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的行為，過(guò)去分詞表示性質(zhì)或行為所造成的結(jié)果狀態(tài)；28-9月-2221 用作定語(yǔ)：如果是短語(yǔ)，則為后置定語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)22 用作表語(yǔ)： 分詞用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，已經(jīng)完全形容詞化了，可以被very, rather等副詞修飾，而且可以有比較等級(jí)。例如：The story of his life sounds (very) interesting. That was the most exciting film of the year. 請(qǐng)比較：This cup is broken. How about

18、that one? The cup was broken by my brother. （被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）28-9月-2222 用作表語(yǔ)：請(qǐng)比較：This cup is b23 用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： 分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，用于表示感覺(jué)、致使的動(dòng)詞，如：see, watch, hear, feel, smell, notice, find; have, get, leave, keep等。 例如：I saw him talking with the doctor. He kept the machine running for ten hours. We have never seen the mountain covered in snow. 28-9月