牛津版高一必修一第一單元知識點教案1

1、Languagepoints()GoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.(1)句中g(shù)oingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyear為動名詞短語，在句中作主語。動詞-ing形式作主語時，常表示常常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；有時用it作為形式主語，把動名詞（真切的主語）置于句尾作后置主語，常見于某些adj./n.以后。常用動名詞作主語的句型：Itisawasteoftime/moneydoing做是浪費時間/金錢的Itisnouse/nogooddoi

2、ng做是沒用/沒有益處的近似的還有：better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult等。Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.ItsnousetalkingtoBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.1.(climb)mountainsisinteresting.2.Itsawasteoftime(advise)suchapersontojoinus.(2)experiencev.體驗，經(jīng)歷n.經(jīng)歷（C）；經(jīng)驗（U）adj.experienced有經(jīng)驗的，

3、經(jīng)驗豐富的haveexperiencedin/of(doingsth.)在方面有經(jīng)驗=beexperiencedin(doingsth.)get/gainexperience獲取經(jīng)驗lackofexperience缺少經(jīng)驗e.g.Iamanoutgoinggirlwhohasrichexperienceinorganizingschoolactivities.1.Youngassheis，sheisan(experience)employee.Hehadmanyinteresting(experience)whiletravelinginAfrica.這位有經(jīng)驗的爬山運(yùn)動員經(jīng)歷了很多冒險，從他

4、自己的冒險經(jīng)歷中他收獲了很多經(jīng)驗。Themountainclimberalotofadventures,andhegainedmuchfromhisownadventurous.2.ThismeansIcouldgetupanhourlaterthanusual.(1)meanmean+從句意味著過去式meantbemeantformeandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打當(dāng)作某事，本想要做某事【拓展】stoptodo和stopdoingsth.有近似用法的動詞還有：continue、regret、try、forget(2)asusual和平時相同【辨析】common、o

5、rdinary、usual和normalordinary反special“平時的，一般的，不特別的”重申平時，?在一個集體中看不出差別anordinarydayswork平時工作ordinarypeople/family/clothes/mealcommon“常有的，共同的，俗氣的”反rare/uncommoncommonsenseColdsarecommoninwinter.感冒在冬季很常有。normal“正常的，正規(guī)的；常態(tài)的”反abnormalnormalbehaviorthenormaltemperatureofthehumanbody人的正常體溫usual“往常的；慣常的；平時的”u

6、sualpractice老例反unusual【練習(xí)】LetterboxesaremuchmoreintheUKthanintheUS,wheremostpeopleB.normalC.ordinaryD.usual3.Onthefirstday,allofthenewstudentsattendedanassemblyintheschoolhall.attendvt.列席，參加；照顧vi.致力于n.attendance列席；列席；列席人數(shù)attendschool/alecture/ameeting/onesweddingattend(on)sb.照顧某人【辨析】join，joinin，take

7、partin，participate和attendjoin指加入某個黨派、集體組織等，成為其成員之一“從軍、入團(tuán)、入黨”Whendidyourbrotherjointhearmy?和某人一道做某事joinsb.in(doing)sth.依據(jù)上下文，in(doing)sth.能夠省去Willyoujoinusinthediscussion?Helljoinusinsingingthesong.joinin多指參加小規(guī)模的活動如“球賽、游戲”等，常用于平時口語。Whydidntyoujoininthetalklastnight?Comealong,andjoinintheballgame.take

8、partin指參加會議或民眾性活動等，側(cè)重說明句子主語參加該項活動并在活動中發(fā)揮踴躍作用Welltakepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummervacation.takepartin前一般不用冠詞，但part前面有adj.修飾時，要用不定冠詞。Lincolntookanactivepartinpolitiesandwasstronglyagainstslavery.attend是正式用語及物動詞指參加會議、婚禮、葬禮、典禮；去上課/上學(xué)/聽報告等。句子的主語不過去聽、去看，自己不必定起踴躍作用。participate正式用詞特指參加集體活動，示意以一個踴躍的角色參

9、加Thankyouallforcomingandourcamp.Ishallbethemeeting.D.takepartinHealsotoldusthatthebestwaytoearnrespectwastodevoteourselvestostudyandachievehighgrades.earnvt.獲?。毁?，掙得earnsb.sth.某人獲?。鹯eputation、地位等）e.g.Herremarkearnedalaughfromherhusband.Atlast，heearnedthestudentsrespect.earnsth.aplace博得一席之地make/earn

10、onesliving白手起家by/as靠糊口e.g.Hemakeshislivingbysellingvegetables.【辨析】win、earn、gainwin指在競爭、戰(zhàn)爭、競賽中經(jīng)過努力獲勝，并可能由此獲取獎勵earn指為錢/其余酬勞而工作，含有“酬勞是應(yīng)得的”含義gain指獲取實用的/需要的東西，常用于與錢沒關(guān)系的場合Hewantedtotakepartinacompetition,buthehadnomoney.Fortunately,healotofmoneybyworkingforthenewspaperandmuchexperience.Atlasthethecompetit

11、ionandrealizedhisdream.(2)respectn.&v.敬愛，恭敬Un.方面Chave/showrespectfor對表示尊敬Heisgreatlyrespectedforhiskindness.win/earn/gaintherespectofsb.博得的敬愛respectsb.for由于為敬愛某人respectsb.as敬愛某人為Werespecthimasagreatleader.inrespectof=withrespectto對于；就來說Inrespectofage，Iamhissenior.論年齡，我比他大。(3)devotevt.致力于；獻(xiàn)身adj.devot

12、ed摯愛的；忠誠的n.devotion摯愛；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)devoteoneselftodoing獻(xiàn)身于；致力于Fewpeopleareabletodevotethemselvesfullytotheircareers.Imdevotingallmytimeandenergytoeducating(educate)children.devotetime/attention/money/energyto為某事付出（時間/注意力/金錢/精力等）bedevotedto(doing)sth.表專注于的其余短語：applyoneselfto;beadsorbedin;buryoneselfin/beburi

13、edin;beinvolvedin;occupyoneselfindoing/withsth.;focuson;concentrateon;fixonesattentionon【注意】短語devote.to.中，to為介詞，所此后邊跟名詞、動名詞形式，近似短語還有objectto，payattentionto，getdownto，leadto，lookforwardto，stickto，beusedto等。Someofthemwere(devote)tothestudyofnaturalscience.5.ThisisabouttheaveragesizeforBritishschools.a

14、veragen均勻數(shù)adj.均勻的；一般的vt.計算出的均勻數(shù)theaverageof的均勻數(shù)on(the)average均勻，一般地說above/belowaverage高于/低于均勻水平Couldyouaverage3，4and8?你能算出3、4和8的均勻數(shù)嗎？Wefailonestudentperyearonaverage.我們均勻每年有一個學(xué)生不及格。6.Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses，soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.strugglen難事；斗爭；努力vi.奮斗，努力；

15、掙扎strugglewith/against與作斗爭；和格斗Manhasbeenstrugglingwith/againstnature.strugglefor為而斗爭/奮斗struggletodosth.困難地做某事，掙扎著做某事；努力做struggletoonesfeet掙扎著站起來WeChinesearestrugglingtogether(build)aharmonioussociety.Workersarestrugglingacleancanteenandhealthyfood.(2)Itis/was+adj.+forsb.+todosth.在英語表達(dá)中，為了保持句子的均衡或構(gòu)造的

16、需要，常用it作形式主語，而真切的主語（不定式）放在句后。句中torememberallthefacesandnames是真切主語，it形主。e.g.ItwasanenjoyableexperienceforhimtoattendtheRioOlympicGames.Itisapitytogiveupthejob.Itisimportantforus(have)breakfasteveryday.Itiskindyoutoinvitemetotheparty.7.Ifeltlucky，asallmyteachersgavememuchencouragement.encouragementn鼓舞

17、vt.encourage鼓舞；激勵encouragesb.todosth.鼓舞某人做某事Agoodpublictransportwillencouragepeople(leave)theircarsathome.8.CookingwasreallyfunasIlearnthowtobuy,prepareandcookfood.(1)Preparev.準(zhǔn)備，為做準(zhǔn)備n.preparation準(zhǔn)備；籌辦preparesth.（sth.一定是“準(zhǔn)備”的直接承受者）prepare(sb.)for為做好準(zhǔn)備（for表準(zhǔn)備的目的，重申換作）bepreparedfor為做好準(zhǔn)備（表有所準(zhǔn)備，重申狀態(tài)）mak

18、epreparationforsth./todosth.為做準(zhǔn)備(2)句中的fun視為adj.funny風(fēng)趣的?！耙蓡栐~+todo”作learn的賓語9.IlookbackonmytimeintheUKwithsatisfaction，andIreallyhopetogobackandstudyinManchesteragain.(1)lookbackon回想，回首(2)satisfactionn滿意v.satisfy使?jié)M意（過去分詞satisfied）satisfactoryadj.滿意的；切合要求的With(great)satisfaction感覺（很）滿意Heislookingatthe

19、pictureonthewallwithsatisfaction.tosb.ssatisfaction=tothesatisfactionofsb.令某人滿意的是Tohissatisfaction，hefoundajobinthebigcompany.satisfyonesneeds知足某人的需求besatisfiedwith知足某人的需求Thebosswassatisfiedwiththenewplan.10.IdidnotrealizeschoolsintheUKaresodifferentfromschoolsinChinauntilIreadyourarticle.not.until.

20、表示“直到才”，until指引時間狀語從句，not否認(rèn)的是主句的謂語。(1)not.until.“直到才”，表示直到某一時間，某一行為才發(fā)生，以前該行為并無發(fā)生。用在否認(rèn)句中，主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞。(2)notuntil還能夠用于倒裝句和重申句中：倒裝句構(gòu)造：Notuntil狀語(副詞、介詞短語、從句)部分倒裝；重申句構(gòu)造：Itis/wasnotuntil.that.Bookreportswerentwrittenuntilthefinalthreat.Hedidntgotobedlastnightuntilhismothercameback.Notuntilhesawhisfathe

21、rlyinginbed，dying，didherealizehowmuchhelovedhim.11.Nextyear，IplanonattendingahighschoolinChinaonastudentexchangeprogramme，andIfoundyourarticleagreatencouragementtome.exchangen&vt.互換；溝通inexchange(for)作為互換；溝通WouldyoulikemyoldTVinexchangeforthiscamera?makeanchange互換Hebroughttheblackjackettomakeanexchan

22、geforablueone.exchangeAforB把A換成BHefoundabanktoexchangehisdollarsforpounds.exchangesth.withsb.MayIexchangemyseatwithyou?.語境填詞依據(jù)語境在空白處填入一個適合的單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1Nowtheyareseekingforan(experience)scientisttofillthepost.2Isanginaclub(earn)mydailybreadwhenIwasyoung.3Hestruggled(succeed)inhisbusiness.4Youshould

23、showgreaterrespectyourelders.5Asamatteroffactheisntreallysatisfiedthehotelservice.6Idliketofindajobwhichismore(challenge)7He(devote)toplayingpianoatonetime.8Yourcomingtohelpuswasagreat(encourage)9Itisnouse(talk)tohim，becauseheneverlistens.10Itwasveryfoolishtheboytoswimintheriveralone.單句改錯(每句一處錯誤)1It

24、wassatisfiedthatthegirlhelpedhermothercleanupthekitchen.2WhenIsaidIwasagoodswimmer，shechallengedtometoarace.3Mr.Johnsonhastoworkveryhardtoearnliving.5Herlifewasdevotedtocareforthesickandneedy.6Alanguageexchangeisagreatwaytolearnalanguagewithfree.達(dá)成句子1在太空行走對他來說是一次快樂而喜悅的經(jīng)歷。Walkinginspacewasanenjoyable

25、andexcitingexperienceforhim.2直到五年級我才成為一個熱中于攀登的人。Ididntbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade.3保持健康最好的方法就是常常鍛煉和合理飲食。Thebestwaytokeephealthyistotakeregularexerciseandeatproperly.4沒有你的幫助，我做好那項工作不簡單。Itwasnoteasyformetodothejobwellwithoutyourhelp.5生活在大城市不如生活在小城鎮(zhèn)省錢。Livinginbigcitiesisnotascheapaslivingin

26、smalltowns.12.Whetherstudentswanttoexerciseorjustwantsomefun，theycanuseourgym.句中whether.or.“不論仍是”，指引退步狀語從句，重申隨意選擇，此時不可以把whether換成if。whether.or.用法概括：作“不論仍是”解，指引退步狀語從句，用于表示在從句所供給的兩種選擇之下，主句所表示的結(jié)果都相同作“是仍是”解，指引主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，用于供給兩種選擇。連結(jié)平行構(gòu)造名詞、代詞、非謂語動詞、介賓短語或句子，用于供給兩種選擇。.WhetherIdothedishesoryoudothe

27、m，theystillneedtobecleaned.Ithasnothingtodowithmewhetheryouwillleaveorstay.Whetheritrainsornot，weareplayingfootballonSaturday.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,hewenttoChinatostudyChineseatBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity.graduatevi.畢業(yè)n畢業(yè)生n.graduation畢業(yè)graduatefrom畢業(yè)于學(xué)校graduatein畢業(yè)于專業(yè)aftergraduation畢

28、業(yè)后Wehavesomeuniversitygraduatesinourfactory.Hellgraduatefromcollegewithadegreeinlawnextyear.Whatareyougoingtodoaftergraduation(graduate)?14.Uponfinishinghisstudies，hestartedtravellinginChina.uponfinishing相當(dāng)于assoonashefinished，在句中作狀語，upon也可替代為on。(1)on或upon后也可接名詞，意義和on/upondoing相同都表示“一就”。(2)表示“一就”的其余詞

29、語或構(gòu)造：immediately，directly；theinstant/moment/minute；nosooner.than，hardly/scarcely.when.。Uponseeingherchildtakehisfirststep，shewasjoyful.Uponhisreturntohishometown，hewenttoworkinthefields.Uponarriving(arrive)wecheckedinatthehotel.Sheburstintolaughtertheinstantshereadtheletterfromhersister.Hedonatedmos

30、tofthemtoourschoollibrary.donatev捐贈，捐贈n.donation捐贈，捐贈n.donator捐贈者donatesth.to把某物捐饋贈makeadonation/donations(ofsth.tosb.)捐贈（某物給某人）e.g.Ourschoolwilldonate500copiesofdifferentvaluablebookstoyourclass.Shemadeadonationof$5，000totheChildrensHospital.Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.16.Theresto

31、fthetimewhichtheyspendatschoolisusedforindependentstudy.independentadj.獨立的n.independence獨立beindependentof不依靠于，獨立于dependonbedependenton依靠；依靠；取決于Heisoldenoughtobeindependentofhisparents.Attheageoftwelve，Ibegantolivealifeofindependence(independent)Whetherwecangoforapicnicdependsontheweather.17.Withsomu

32、chfreetime，studentswhodonotmakegooduseoftheirtimemaynotpasstheirexams.makeuseof利用；使用makefull/gooduseof充分/好好利用makeno/littleuseof沒有益用comeintouse開始使用bring/puttouse對加以使用itsnousedoing做沒用Weshouldmakefulluseoftimetostudy.Whendidtelephonefirstcomeintouse?Itsnouse(cry)overspiltmilk.18.However，somehowIcantrem

33、emberthetitle.somehowadv.不知為何；不知怎么地；以某種方式，用某種方法anyhowadv.=anyway不論怎樣.somewhatadv.略微，有點Letsforgetaboutthatforthemomentanyhow.不論怎樣，讓我們臨時忘了那件事。Somehowhemadethesamemistakeagain.不知怎么地，他又犯了相同的錯誤。Thecakewemadewassomewhatofafailure.我們做的蛋糕不大成功。19.WeregrettoinformyouthatourlibrarywillbeclosednextWednesday，Thu

34、rsdayandFrmvt.通知，見告informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事（inform不行直接帶雙賓語）informsb.that/how/when.Etc通知/見告rmed(of)隨時向sb.報告/使某人被通知ninformation信息，情報，資料Uapieceofinformation一則信息Heinformedmethathewouldbeonabusinesstripthenextweek.Pleaseinformmeofyourarrivaltimebeforehand.Pleasekeepme(inform)whenyouchangeyourphonenumb

35、er.語境填詞依據(jù)語境在空白處填入一個適合的單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1Atthenews，manypeopleallovertheworlddonatedtheirmoneythequake-hitareas.2Aftergraduatingauniversity，hebecameateacher.3Upon(arrive)attheairport，hewasarrestedbythepolice.4Thegovernmenthadhandedoutallthe(donate)foodandclothestothevictims.5Tomaimedtohisparentsbythetimeh

36、ewastwenty.6Ifbetteruse(make)ofyoursparetime，youllmakegreatprogressinyourstudy.7Itsknowntousallthatthe(deep)youdive，themoredifficultyoucanbreathe.8Thankyouforkeepingme(inform)ofeverythingthatshappening.達(dá)成句子1他們正在討論一些我根本不知道的作家和作品。Theyaretalkingaboutsomewritersandworksthatareunknowntomeatall2他是我認(rèn)識的最勤勞的

37、學(xué)生。Heisthemostdiligentstudent(that)Ihaveknown3保證在做實驗以前你已經(jīng)懂了原理。Makesurethatyouhaveunderstoodthetheorybeforeyoudotheexperiment.4我們是出去仍是待在臥室取決于天氣。Whetherwewillgooutorstayinthedormdependsontheweather.5一下飛機(jī)，他就被等候的警察拘捕了。Upon/Ongettingofftheplane，hegotarrestedbythewaitingpolice.Itisgreatbecauseitisrunbythe

38、studentsfortheschool.runvt.管理，經(jīng)營；操作；組織runafter追趕runaway(from)逃跑，走掉；閃避；逃離runout被用完，被耗盡（主語為物）runoutof用完，耗盡（主語為人）inthelongrun從長久角度看Theyhavealllearnedtorunmodernfarmmachines.Sheisalwaysrunningoutofmoneybeforepayday.Heapprovedtheidea，andtwoyearslaterIaminchargeoftheradioclubastheoldeststudentmember.appro

39、vevi.&vt.贊同，經(jīng)過；同意，贊同vt.approvesth.贊同/經(jīng)過某事vi.approveofsb.sth./doingsth.同意某人做某事giveapprovaltosth.贊同，贊同Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarriagetoyou.Theplanwillbesubmittedtothecommitteeforofficialapproval(approve)(2)chargen負(fù)責(zé)，掌管；收費vt.使擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任；收費；指控beinchargeof/takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)，掌管表主動，主語由人充任under/inthechargeof由

40、負(fù)責(zé)，被掌控表被動，主語由物充任chargesb.moneyforsth.因sth.向sb.收費freeofcharge免費chargesb.withsth.指控/指控sb.Readinginalibraryisusuallyfreeofcharge.Hewasinchargeoftheshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.Thehotelchargedme$100foraroomforthenight.Hewaschargedwithpurposelycreatingdifficulties.eventn(重要)事件；交際活動；競賽項目Theconferencewasanim

41、portantsocialevent.The800metersisthefourtheventoftheafternoon.23.Intheclubmeetings，wefirstselectpoemsthatwelove，andthenreadthemaloud.selectvt.選擇，精選selectsb.as選拔sb.作為/擔(dān)當(dāng)selectsb.todosth.選中某人做某事selectsth.for為精選禮品Weselecthimasourfootballcoach.IselectedatoytrainformysonashisChristmaspresent.【辨析】select、c

42、hoose、pick、pickoutselect指從同類的很多東西中認(rèn)真鑒別后選擇，精選最適合的，進(jìn)而裁減一部分。Weselectedsomeforseeds.choose用法最廣重視于在所給的對象中經(jīng)過意志或判斷進(jìn)行選擇Youcanchooseabookfromthese.pick“精選，挑選”是認(rèn)真挑剔和苛刻地選擇，多指精選有形的東西。Willyouhelpmepickstrawberries?Pickandchoose挑三揀四picksb./sth.out精選出某人/某物分辨出某人/某物Shewaspickedoutfromthousandsofapplicantsforthejob.I

43、twasjustpossibletopickoutthehut(小舍)onthesideofthemountain.1.Finallyhethejobthatweoffered.2.Whydidntyouabettersubjectforyourcomposition?Iwasalittlenervousatfirst，buteveryonewassoniceandfriendlythatIsoonstoppedworrying.該句是一個并列復(fù)合句，并列連詞but連結(jié)兩個分句；而第二個分句又是一個主從復(fù)合句，so.that.表示“這樣以致于”，指引一個結(jié)果狀語從句。(1)在so.that.句

44、型中，so后接形容詞或副詞：soadj.a/ann.(C)that.somany/few/much/little(表示數(shù)目)n.(C/U)that.(2)在such.that.句型中，such后接可數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞：such+a/an+adj.+n(C)+thatsuch+adj.+n.(U/pL)+thatThemagazinewassoboringthatIgaveupreadingithalfwaythrough.Heearnedsolittlemoneythatitwashardforhimtosupporthisfamily.Hehasmadesuchgreatprogressthatwealladmirehim.25.Youshouldalsocomeupwithyourownideas.Comeupwith想出；提出有關(guān)短語：comeup出現(xiàn)；升起；過來；被提出comeacross（有時）遇到，遇到comeabout產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生comeout第一版；出現(xiàn)；開花Icameacrosschildrensleepingunderbridges.Theydidntknowhowthechangehadcomeabo