《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)》課件

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)PPT課件 本課件僅供大家學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí) 學(xué)習(xí)完畢請(qǐng)自覺(jué)刪除 謝謝 本課件僅供大家學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí) 學(xué)習(xí)完畢請(qǐng)自覺(jué)刪除 謝謝現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)PPT課件 本課件僅供大家學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí) 一、構(gòu)成:have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞一、構(gòu)成:have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞二、含義:(定義一)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.(定義一)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.句式構(gòu)成1.肯定句:S(主語(yǔ)）+have/has(助動(dòng)詞）+PP(過(guò)去分詞)+(其他）。句式

2、構(gòu)成1.肯定句:S(主語(yǔ)）+have/has(助動(dòng)詞）+2. 否定句:S ( 語(yǔ))+have/has+not +PP(過(guò)去分詞)+(其他）。2. 否定句:S ( 語(yǔ))+have/has+not +PP3.一般疑問(wèn)句Have/has+ S (主語(yǔ))+PP(過(guò)去分詞)? Yes, S+have/has.No, S+have/hasnt.3.一般疑問(wèn)句Have/has+ S (主語(yǔ))+PP(過(guò)去分（改為否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句并肯否回答) I have seen him since his wedding day. I havent seen him since his wedding day .Have

3、 you seen him since his wedding day?（改為否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句并肯否回答) I have seeHe has written to me since I have been ill.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) Has he written to you since you have been ill? He hasnt written to me since I have been illHe has written to me since I h不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原型-過(guò)去式-過(guò)去分詞形式：1） AAA型(三種都一樣)如：cost cost cost cut cut cut

4、 hurt hurt hurt shut shut shut set set set 2）ABB型(過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞相同) 如: bring-brought-brought catch caught caught lead led led 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原型-過(guò)去式-過(guò)去分詞形式：1） AAA型(三種都3） ABC型(三種都不一樣) 如：begin-began-begun grow grew grown ring rang rung break broke broken 4）ABA型(原形與過(guò)去分詞相同) 如: come-came-come become became become run ran

5、 run 3） ABC型(三種都不一樣) 1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中標(biāo)志詞的用法區(qū)別1.Already肯定句: 句中(助后實(shí)前)/句末 “己經(jīng)”一般疑問(wèn)句: 句末(表示驚訝的語(yǔ)氣) “難道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常見(jiàn)) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示強(qiáng)調(diào)) Have you had breakfast already?1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中標(biāo)志詞的用法區(qū)別1.Already一般疑問(wèn)注: 有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷時(shí)要看該詞后是否有動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞.Eg. Shes already eighty year

6、s old. It was already very late.注: 有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷2. yet在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法 否定句:句末 “還(沒(méi))”疑問(wèn)句: 句末 “己經(jīng)” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet?2. yet在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法 否定句:句末 “還(沒(méi))”注: 帶already的肯定句變成否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí),將already要變成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework.否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句:I havent done

7、my homework yet.Have you done your homework yet?注: 帶already的肯定句變成否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí),將alr3. ever在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法 肯定句/疑問(wèn)句 : 句中 “曾經(jīng)” Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 肯定句/疑問(wèn)句 : 句中 “曾經(jīng)” Eg. Ive ev4. never在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法否定句: 句中 “從來(lái)沒(méi)有”Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.4. never在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法否定句: 句中 “從來(lái)沒(méi)注: 帶e

8、ver的肯定句變否定句時(shí), 要將ever變成never; 帶ever的一般疑問(wèn)句作否定回答時(shí)可用“No, never.”Eg. He has ever made dumplings.否定句:Have they ever travelled by train?No, never.He has never made dumplings.注: 帶ever的肯定句變否定句時(shí), 要將ever變成nev5. just在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于句中, 表示“剛剛”Eg. Ive just had breakfast. What have they just done?5. just在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于句中

9、, 表示“剛剛”6. before在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于句末, 表示“以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?6. before在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法用于句末, 表示“以前(定義二)表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).通常和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段時(shí)間1.for +Eg. I have been here fo2. since +

10、從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))詞組 (表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的)時(shí)間點(diǎn)Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.2. since +從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))詞組 (表示過(guò)去某一注: 對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn) 必須用how long, 絕不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since

11、 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?注: 對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn) 必須用how 注3): 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 當(dāng)然也不能用于how long引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句中. Eg.(誤)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 注3): 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞間的轉(zhuǎn)換5.短暫動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyborrowcomego/l

12、eaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatch a coldbecome interested inget marriedhavekeepbe herebe away (from)be open/ be closedbe onbe overbe deadhave a coldbe interested inbe married5.短暫動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyborrowcome瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reachwearbe upbe awakebe asleepbe i

13、n=be a member ofbe in/at瞬間性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞put onget upwake upf have /has been to，have / has gone to， have / has been in的用法區(qū)別 1 “ Have /has been to+地名 ”表示曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)已經(jīng)回到說(shuō)話地點(diǎn)，常與once 、twice、ever、never 等時(shí)間連用。2 “ have / has gone to +地名 ”表示去某地了，現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有回答，人不在說(shuō)話地點(diǎn)。3 “ have / has been in +地名 ”表示“在某地”。指一種存在狀態(tài)巧記 ： been to

14、 ，gone to been in 意不同，三者用法要記清； have / has been to + 地名，曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地行； have / has gone to + 地點(diǎn)，到某地去了已走遠(yuǎn)。 have / has been in +地名， 已經(jīng)在某地了。 have /has been to，have / has Since句式：It is +一段時(shí)間 +since+句子(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) =一段時(shí)間+has passed+since + 句子(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed s

15、ince I joined the army.Since句式：Eg. It is five years s（一）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況。所以它不能和表示過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只單純表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系，可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或He has lived in Beijing since 1999.自1999年以來(lái)他一直住在北京。（說(shuō)明他現(xiàn)在仍然在北京。）He lived in Bejing in 1999.在1999

16、年的時(shí)候他在北京住過(guò)。（現(xiàn)在是否住在北京不知道）He has lived in Beijing since 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（注意時(shí)態(tài)）1.-_ you _your pen? (mend) -Yes, I _. -When_ you _ it? -I _ it yesterday.2.-How do you like the film? -I _(not see) such a moving film before. 3.Millies sister _(join) the club last week. So she _(be) in the club for nearly one we

17、ek. Have mended have did mend mended havent seen joined has been用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（注意時(shí)態(tài)）1.-_ you不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以及過(guò)去分詞巧記規(guī)律AAA: put put put letlet letABA: becomebecamebecomeABB: standstoodstoodABC: eat ateeaten不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以及過(guò)去分詞巧記規(guī)律AAAcost-cost-cost read-read-readput-put-put cut-cut-cutlet-let-let set-set-setbeat-beat

18、-beat hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt spit-spit-spit 一、原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。特殊：動(dòng)詞read的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read，但發(fā)音分別是ri:d-red-red。 AAAcost-cost-cost 有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與原形是一樣的:run-ran-runcome-came-come become-became-becomeovercome-overcame-overcomeABA有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與原形是一樣的:ABA原型過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞例詞-eep-ept-ep

19、tkeep,sweep,sleep-ell-old-oldsell,tell-d-t-tlend,spend,send,build-ay-aid-aidsay,pay,lay-n-nt-ntburn,learn,mean-ee-e-e-meet,feed-ought-oughtbring,buy,fight,think-aught-aughtcatch,teachABB(含規(guī)則動(dòng)詞)原型過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞例詞-eep-ept-eptkeep,sw1.另有一些其它形式的變化。have (has)-had-had leave-left-leftlose-lost-lost make-made-madefeel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt stand-stood-stood2. 改變單詞中間元音字母。sit-sat-sat (babysit) win-won-wonshine-shone-shone hold-held-heldfind-found-found hear-heard-heardhang-hung (hanged)-hung (hanged)ABB