仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)打印版

1、七年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit5Unit5Topic1重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)onfootgoonfoot二walk（to）attheschoolgate在學(xué)校大門(mén)口onweekdays在平日，在工作日onweekends=ontheweekend在周末afterschool放學(xué)后afterclass下課后afterbreakfast/lunch/supper早餐/午餐/晚餐后inonesfreetime在某人空閑時(shí)間havearest休息一下readbooks讀書(shū)goswimming去游泳listentomusic聽(tīng)音樂(lè)watchTV看電視do（ones）homework做作業(yè)gotothezoo/park去

2、動(dòng)物園/公園onceaweek周一次everyday每天haveclasses上課foralittlewhile會(huì)兒gotobed上床睡覺(jué)comeon快點(diǎn)，加油，來(lái)吧getup起床talkwith/tosb.與某人談話atschool在學(xué)校、在上課gotoschool去上學(xué)andsoon等等重點(diǎn)句型HappyNewYear!Thesametoyou.Yournewbikelooksverynice.Thankyou.HowdoyouusuallycometoschoolIusuallycometoschoolbysubway.HowoftendoyougotothelibraryOnce/Tw

3、ice/Threetimesaweek/Veryoften/Everyday/SedomTheearlybirdcatchesthework.（諺語(yǔ)）笨鳥(niǎo)先飛Work/Studymustcomefirst.工作/學(xué)習(xí)必須放在第一位！Classesbeginateight.=Classbeginsateight.Whattimedoestheclassbegin/WhattimedotheclassesbeginWehavenomoretime.我們沒(méi)有更多的時(shí)間了。Ihavefourclassesinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.我早上上四節(jié)課，下午上兩節(jié)。Sh

4、egoestobedataboutaquartertoten.她九點(diǎn)四十五分睡覺(jué)。重點(diǎn)詳解by+交通工具，表示使用某種交通方式，中間不加限定詞，如果交通工具前有a,the,my等限定詞，就不能用by,而是用in或是on.by+動(dòng)詞ing形式，表示通過(guò)某種方式乘坐交通工具：by+交通工具(bycar/bus/train/ship)takethe+交通工具(takethebus/car)on+大型封閉式工具(onthebus/train/ship/plane)onthetrain=bytrainonhisbike=bybikeonabike/motorbikein+小型封閉交通工具(inacar/

5、taxi)inmycar=bycarIalwayscometoschoolbybus.Peopleshowlovetotheirmothersbygivingcards.Youcanbeagoodstudentbyworkinghard.巧辯異同onfoot與walkonfoot“走路”，是介詞短語(yǔ)，不能作謂語(yǔ)，只作方式狀語(yǔ)，位于句末walk“走路，是動(dòng)詞，可以作謂語(yǔ)。takethebus二gobybusrideabike二gobybiketakethesubway二gobysubwaygotoonfoot二walktoIoftengotoschoolonfoot.=1oftenwalktos

6、chool.goto.bybike二rideabikegoto.bycar二driveacartogotogotobyplane=flytogotobybus二takeabustoItstimeforsth.“該做某事了”二1tstimetodosth.Itstimeforclass.=Itstimetohaveclass.=Itstimeforhavingclass.look+adj（look感官動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞）看起來(lái)Hismotherlooksveryyoung.Theylookverycute.Herdresslooksverynice.Youlookverycoolinthiscoat.

7、look的短語(yǔ)lookthesame看起來(lái)一樣looklike看起來(lái)像lookfor尋找lookafter二takecareof照顧，照料lookaround/about四處看看，四下環(huán)顧；lookback回頭看；回顧；lookout當(dāng)心，小心，留神;lookthrough瀏覽，仔細(xì)查看；lookup查尋，查閱；抬頭看dooneshomework做家庭作業(yè)（注：ones要隨主語(yǔ)的變化而變化，常用形容詞性物主代詞my,your,their,our,his,her等）。domyhomeworkatschool在學(xué)校做作業(yè)wanttodosth.“想做某事”，want后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。knowa

8、bout“了解，知道關(guān)于”。wewanttoknowabouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.我們想了解一下美國(guó)學(xué)生的學(xué)校生活。巧辯異同afew+可數(shù)名詞（肯定）；一點(diǎn)，一些；few+可數(shù)名詞：（否定）很少，幾乎沒(méi)有alittle+不可數(shù)名詞（肯定）；一點(diǎn)，一些；little+不可數(shù)名詞：（否定）很少,幾乎沒(méi)有l(wèi)ittle和few作形容詞用，都表示“幾乎沒(méi)有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)少；alittle和afew強(qiáng)調(diào)有一些。hasafewfriends.他有幾個(gè)朋友。Hehasfewfriends.他幾乎沒(méi)有朋友。IcanspeakonlyalittleChinese.Theyha

9、slittlemoney.他們沒(méi)有什麼錢(qián)alittle與little也可以用作副詞，表示“有點(diǎn)”“稍稍”表示“很少”.CanyouspeakEnglish-Yes,butonlyalittle.Thisbookisalittlemoredifficultthanthatone.（可修飾形容詞比較級(jí)）Shesleptlittlelastnight.昨天晚上，她沒(méi)有怎么睡覺(jué)。go+表示去做某事，類(lèi)似：gofishing去釣魚(yú)goshopping去買(mǎi)東西goboating去劃船goskating去滑冰goswimming去游泳andsoon“等等”，表示還有很多。Theyoftenplaybaske

10、tballorcoccer,goswimmingandsoon.（1）.Howoften多久一次（對(duì)頻度進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）答語(yǔ)常用頻度副詞alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnever等或單位時(shí)間內(nèi)的次數(shù)表示頻率的短語(yǔ)：次數(shù)+單位時(shí)間.:onceaweek周一次twiceamonth每月兩次threetimesayear每年三次Howoftendoyougotothelibrary你多久去一次圖書(shū)館-once/twice/threetimes/fourtimesaweek/month/year（2）.Howfar多遠(yuǎn)（表示距離）Howfarisitfromheretoth

11、ezoo一一Its6kilometers.（3）.Howlong多長(zhǎng)（對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問(wèn)/東西的長(zhǎng)度）HowlongdidhestayhereAbouttwoweeks.HowlongistheriverAbout500km.（4）.Howsoon再過(guò)多久，主要用來(lái)表示對(duì)將來(lái)一段時(shí)間的提問(wèn)。HowsoonwillhebebackInanhour.over（形容詞）School/Classisover.begin現(xiàn)在分詞：beginning過(guò)去式：beganbegintodosthbegindoingsthHebeginstowritealetter.=Hebeginswritingaletter.

12、如果begin本身為分詞，只能用begintodosthHeisbeginningtorun.listento聽(tīng)（動(dòng)作），hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)（結(jié)果）冠詞用法彈樂(lè)器前要帶定冠詞the,而進(jìn)行球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)則不帶the。play+棋類(lèi)/球類(lèi)/牌下棋，打球playsoccer/basketballplaythe+西洋樂(lè)器彈/拉樂(lè)器playtheguitar/piano2序數(shù)詞，前面要用定冠詞the。onthesecondfloor三餐前面不用冠詞。havebreakfast/lunch/supper一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語(yǔ)法講解般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示：(常與頻度副詞never,seldom,sometimes,often,usual

13、ly,always等連用)現(xiàn)在所處的狀態(tài)。Janeisatschool.經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Ioftengotoschoolbybus.主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。Helikesplayingfootball.客觀真理。Theearthgoesroundthesun.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday等等。行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞是do/dont和does/doesnt當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一、二人稱(chēng)和所有復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，行為動(dòng)詞用原形?？隙ㄊ剑篒gotoschoolonfoot.否定式：ldontgotoschoolonfoot.疑問(wèn)式：Doyoug

14、otoschoolonfootYes,Ido.No,Idont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，在詞尾加_s或-es?？隙ㄊ剑篐egoestoworkbybus.否定式：Hedoesntgotoworkbybus.疑問(wèn)式：DoeshegotoworkbybusYes,hedoes.No,hedoesnt.Unit5Topic2重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：1.makecards制作卡片ontheplayground在操場(chǎng)上1.makecards制作卡片學(xué)科名詞：政治語(yǔ)文數(shù)學(xué)英語(yǔ)歷史地理生物音樂(lè)體育美術(shù)politiChinesemathEnglishistorgeographybiologmusic

15、Artcshyy一周名詞：星期日星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdayinthelibrary在圖書(shū)館inthelibrary在圖書(shū)館inthegym在體育館ontheshelf在書(shū)架上（shelves復(fù)數(shù)）attheLostandFound在失物招領(lǐng)處theroom打掃房間asoccergame舉行足球比賽haveanEnglishclass上英語(yǔ)課writealetter寫(xiě)信someofhisphotos二somephotosofhis他的一些照片ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)/intime及時(shí)dobett

16、erinsth在某方面做得較好showsb.around帶領(lǐng)某人參觀attiemoment“此刻，現(xiàn)在，二now.planv.計(jì)劃plantodosthbekindtosb=befriendlytosb對(duì)某人很友好重點(diǎn)句型WhatareyoudoingHeiscleaningthedormitory.AreyoudoingyourhomeworkYes，Iam./No，Iamnot.HowlongcanIkeepthemTwoweeks.Thankyou.Itsapleasure.二Apleasure二Mypleasure.另lj客氣。Sorry,Idonthaveany.Thankyoual

17、lthesame.仍然感謝你。重點(diǎn)詳解巧辯異同gotobed上床”“就寢”1oftengotobedatten.gotosleep入睡”“睡著LastnightIwenttosleepattwooclock.巧辯異同some,afew與alittle“一些，有些”三者都修飾名詞。some既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Wewantsomeapplesandsomewater.afew用在可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)之前alittle用在不可數(shù)名詞之前。Thereareafewbooksandalittlewaterintheclassroom.與how相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)howoften多常howmany多少h

18、owmuch多少錢(qián)howold多大Andyoumustreturnthemontime.你必須按時(shí)歸還它們。Return意為“歸還,returnsth.tosb.把某物歸還某人二givebacksth.tosb.returnto回到，相當(dāng)于comebacktotalk交談”，常用的短語(yǔ)talkto/withsb.與某人交談”Mariaandagirlaretalkingatthelostandfound.巧辯異同talk,say,speak與telltalk交談，表示通過(guò)談話方式交換意見(jiàn)、消息等。speak說(shuō)話，強(qiáng)調(diào)開(kāi)口發(fā)聲，后常接某種語(yǔ)言。say說(shuō)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)所說(shuō)的話的內(nèi)容。tell告訴”，有時(shí)

19、兼含囑咐”命令”等。tellatruth說(shuō)真話，tel謊,7.lookfor尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的過(guò)程;回歸”Ialie說(shuō)tellastory7.lookfor尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的過(guò)程;回歸”Ialie說(shuō)find“找到”發(fā)現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。IcantfindmypurseandIamlookingforit.Read，see，lookandwatchlook(at)看，表動(dòng)作，不及物動(dòng)詞，后面需加介詞at才能跟賓語(yǔ)，指看的動(dòng)作，see看見(jiàn)，指看的結(jié)果，read常指看書(shū)、看報(bào)紙等，表示閱讀watch看比賽、電視Icananappleonthetable。Iwanttothefilmwithyou。，t

20、hereisakiteflyinginthesky。Pleasetheblackboardcarefully。Tvtoomuchisbadforyourhealth。Herearesomephotosofhis.這有他的一些照片。photosofhis是雙重所有格。his是名詞性物主代詞，后還可以接名詞所有格。afriendofmine我的朋友a(bǔ)classmateofmybrothers我弟弟的同學(xué)巧辯異同also與tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。also意為“也”，常用于be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的前面。Helenisalsoastudent.Ihavelonghairands

21、hehaslonghair，too。borrow:指主語(yǔ)借入borrowsth.fromsb.Youcanborrowthisbookfromthelibrary.MayIborrowyoureraserlend:指主語(yǔ)借出lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.CanyoulendyourcartomeTheyoftenlendustheirball.keep和borrow,lend的意思一樣,都是表示借的意思，區(qū)別是borrow和lend是瞬間動(dòng)詞/,短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能跟一段時(shí)間連用，而keep是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示借一段時(shí)間,后常跟段時(shí)間Youmaykeepthisbookfortw

22、oweeks.borrow借進(jìn)lendborrow借進(jìn)lend借出keep借多久14.ontime:14.ontime:準(zhǔn)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)不早不遲到達(dá)Wime:及時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)在規(guī)定的時(shí)間以前到達(dá)Thestudentscangetthereintime.15.Japanese:adj日本的，日本人的，日語(yǔ)的n.日本人，日語(yǔ)當(dāng)Japanese表示日本人時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，單復(fù)數(shù)同形（與Chinese用法相同）TwoJapaneseandthreeChineseareswimmingintheswimmingpool.重要句型總結(jié)Whatsin+sth表示哪里有什么東西Whatsinyourpurse錢(qián)包里有什么東

23、西Whatelse還有別的什么么else:別的，其它的WhatelsedoyouhaveWhoelse還有別的什么人么Whereelse還有別的什么地方么else除了可以放在疑問(wèn)詞what,who,where等后面，還可以放在不定代詞something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody后面Idonthaveanythingelsetodo.Icantseeanybodyelseintheroom.3.Herearesomephotosofhis.名詞+Of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格-雙重所有格afriendofSams薩姆的朋友a(bǔ)friendo

24、fmine我的朋友3.lovedoingsth習(xí)慣性的愛(ài)好和習(xí)慣lovetodosth次性的動(dòng)作或目前想做的事Shelovesreadinginbed.Ilovetogoswimmingtoday.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)語(yǔ)法講解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,可與now=atthemoment現(xiàn)在，look看，listen聽(tīng)等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用Imreadingabooknow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Theyreworkingonafarmthisweek.某些行為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可以表示將來(lái),常常有意圖,安排或打算的含義,并且可與表將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，到目前我們所學(xué)

25、的這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有come,go,fly,returnTheyareflyingtoLondonthisafternoon.WearegoingtoHongKongtomorrow.Steveiscomingtomorrowevening.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now,atthemoment,look,listen等。3謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：be(am/is/are)+形式。動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成：般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ingbuybuyingdrinkdrinkingcallcalling以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，去e加comecomingdrivedrivinginggivegiving末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，且這個(gè)

26、輔音字planplanningswimswimming母前面不是字母組合的詞，要雙寫(xiě)末尾stopstoppingsitsitting輔音字母，再加-ing以ie結(jié)尾的詞，變ie為y,再加-ingdiedyinglielying現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定、否定和疑問(wèn)式?？隙ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+be+doing+sthIamrunning.He/Sheisrunning.否定句:主語(yǔ)+be+not+doing+sthImnotrunning.He/Sheisntrunning.般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+doing+sth回答:Yes，主(代)+be/No,主(代)+be+notAreyourunningYes,Iam.

27、/No,Iamnot.Ishe/sherunningYes,he/sheis./No.he/sheisnt特殊疑問(wèn)句：What+be+主語(yǔ)+doingUnit5Topic3重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：outdooractivity重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：outdooractivity課外活動(dòng)easyandinteresting容易又有趣difficultandboring又難又乏味befriendlytosb.=bekindtosb.對(duì)某人友好betweenand在之間learn（）from向?qū)W習(xí)./從中學(xué)aboutthepast了解過(guò)去about了解byoneself自學(xué)fromto從至Iinthemorning/afte

28、rnoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上onMonday在星期一onMondaymorning在星期一的早上tellsb.aboutsth告訴某人關(guān)于某事重點(diǎn)句型Whatdayisittoday-ItsSunday.（在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一）WhatclassaretheyhavingTheyarehavingamusicclass.WhattimedoestheclassbeginAttenoclock.Whatdoyouthinkofmath=Howdoyoulikemath你認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)怎么樣Itsdifficultandboring.Why（為什么）doyoulik

29、eEnglishBecause（因?yàn)椋﹊tseasyandinteresting.Whatsubject（學(xué)科）doyoulikebestIlikehistorybest.Atschool,myteachersandclassmatesareveryfriendlytome.IstudyChinese,English,politics,geographyandsomeothersubjects.（other泛指其他的，別的+名詞復(fù)數(shù)another泛指又一個(gè)、再一個(gè)、另一個(gè)+名詞單數(shù)theother兩者中的另一個(gè)）Englishismyfavoritesubject.Ialsolikeandmu

30、sic.=Ilikeandmusic,too.（也）Canyoutellmesomethingaboutit重點(diǎn)詳解詢(xún)問(wèn)星期幾用Whatday回答：ltsWednesday/Sunday。與what有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：whatclass什么班whatcolor什么顏色whattime幾點(diǎn)Whatsthedate是對(duì)日期（幾號(hào)）的提問(wèn)。WhatdayisittodayItsMonday.問(wèn)星期WhatsthedatetodayItstheMay1st.問(wèn)具體日期。WhatdoyoudoImateacher.WhatdoeshelooklikeHeistall/Hehasasmallmouth.問(wèn)外貌Wh

31、atsshelikeSheiskind/friendly.問(wèn)性格。Howmany+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞。Howmanylessonsdoeshehaveeveryweekdayin+時(shí)間段（inthemorning/afternoon/evening季節(jié)/月份/年份前也用in：inSpring/Oct/inSeptember,2008）in用于泛指一天的上午，下午，晚上等，也用于某個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，如年，月，季節(jié)等，還可以表示“從現(xiàn)在起一段時(shí)間以后”inaweekat+時(shí)間點(diǎn)鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)（刻）（at6oclock）atnoonatnightatmidnightatthistim

32、eofdayon+具體時(shí)間（具體日期、節(jié)日前onSep10th/WomensDay/rainyDay）在星期幾常用on,在具體點(diǎn)鐘前用at.Whatdoyouthinkof二Howdoyoulike你認(rèn)為怎么樣Whatonesfavorite二Whatdoessb.likebest某人最喜歡什么Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest你最喜歡什么科目Whydoyoulikeit你為什么喜歡它一Becauseitseasyandinteresting.因?yàn)樗?jiǎn)單而有趣。用why提問(wèn)必須用because回答。WhyBecauseitsinteresting.如果表示你為什么不用Whyno

33、t或Whydontyoubefriendlytosb.對(duì)某人友好Myteachersareveryfriendlytome.注：friendly是形容詞“友好的”“友善的，而不是副詞。alot二much許多，后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要說(shuō)alotof也可以表示“非常，十分”。Icanlearnalotfromit.我能從中學(xué)到很多東西。YoumustlikeEnglishverymuch.你一定非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。must在這里表示肯定推測(cè)。Itstimefor(doing)sth=itstimetodosth.該做某事了Itstimeforclass.上課的時(shí)間到了.Unit6Topic1重點(diǎn)詞組WhynotWh

34、ynot=Whydontyougoupstairs上樓godownstairs下樓Amomentlater會(huì)以后studyn.書(shū)房v.學(xué)習(xí)與learn的區(qū)別inthefrontofthehouse在屋子（里面的）前面infrontofthehouse在屋子（外面的）前面talkabout+n/v-ing談?wù)?，議論，討論某事talkwithsb.與某人交談putthemaway把他們收拾好Therebe用法Lookafter二takecareof照顧playwithsb.“與某人起玩”inthetree（外物附著）在樹(shù)上onthetree樹(shù)本身長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的花，樹(shù)葉等onthewall在墻上inthe

35、wall在墻里ontheriver浮在水面上overtheriver在河上（懸空）TellsbaboutsthTellsbtodosthTellsbsthwantsbtodosth/wanttodosth重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法Therebe句型表示“某處存在某物或某人，表示一種客觀存在，而have“有”，表示“某人擁有某物/某人”表主觀擁有，其主語(yǔ)是人。Thereisadoginthepicture.Thedoghastwobigeyes.當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，Therebe句型與其可互換。eg.Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevendaysinaweek.肯定

36、句：Thereisacomputerinyourstudy.否定句-在“be”后加“not”：Thereisntacomputerinyourstudy.般疑問(wèn)句-將“be”提到“there之前：IsthereacomputerinyourstudyYes,thereis./No,thereisnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：Therebe句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化：對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用Whos+介詞短語(yǔ)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用Whats+介詞短語(yǔ)。注：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用is（回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定）。女口：Therearemanythingsoverthere

37、.TWhatsoverthereThereisalittlegirlintheroom.TWhoisintheroom對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)用Whereis/are+主語(yǔ)“There+be+主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”表示“某處有某物”；例：Thereisacomputeronthedesk.TWhereisthecomputerTherearefourchiIdrenontheplayground.TWherearethefourchildren地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)也可放在句首，有時(shí)可用“，”與后面的部分隔開(kāi)。Therearesomepicturesonthewall.=Onthewall,therearesom

38、epictures.對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Howmany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)therebe遵循就近原則。Therebe如果后面接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，那么“be”的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)與鄰近的名詞一致。即be用is還是are，取決于離該動(dòng)詞最近的那個(gè)名詞。如果該名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞就用is,如果是復(fù)數(shù)就用are。就近原則：Thereisalamp,acomputer,somebooksandsoon.Therearetwoboysandagirlunderthetree.重點(diǎn)句型Therearetwobedroomsandaasm

39、allstudy.Thereisalamp,acomputer,somebooksandsoon.IsthereacomputerinyourstudyYes,thereis.Dontputthemhere.Putthemaway.Therearemanybeautifulflowersinthegarden,buttherearentanytreesinit.花園里有許多漂亮的花,但是卻沒(méi)有樹(shù)。重點(diǎn)講解1.1tsonthesecondfloor.在哪一層樓，用介詞on。on表示在上面。second是序數(shù)詞,前面要用定冠詞the,意為第二（的）onthefirstfloor美式英語(yǔ)一樓floo

40、r地板，此處指“樓房的層”。英式英語(yǔ)用thegroundfloor表示一樓巧辯異同two與secondtwo是基數(shù)詞，second是序數(shù)詞，“第二”或“第二的”，扌旨排列順序。havealook看看。后面接名詞時(shí)要用at.如havealookatyourwatch.putaway把放好Dontputthemhere.Putthemaway.別把它們放在這兒，請(qǐng)收起來(lái)放好。lookafter“保管，照顧，相當(dāng)于takecareof.lookat看looklike看起來(lái)像lookfor尋找lookthesamelookat看Youmustlookafteryourthings.你必須保管好你的東西

41、。liketodosth和likedoingsth的區(qū)別二者都表示喜歡做某事，likedoingsth表示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的喜歡做某事，指興趣愛(ài)好。在意義上比較一般和抽象，時(shí)間觀念不強(qiáng)，不指某一次動(dòng)作;例：Shelikesswimming.她喜歡游泳。（經(jīng)常性的，愛(ài)好）Ilikeeatingfish.（我喜歡吃魚(yú)，個(gè)人口味而已，一種愛(ài)好，喜歡）Iloveplayingonthecomputerinthestudy.我喜歡在書(shū)房玩電腦。（lovedoingsth.=likedoingsth.喜歡做某事）liketodosth則常指某個(gè)具體的動(dòng)作，表示偶爾一次喜歡做某事、或者突然喜歡干某事。與lovetod

42、o相似liketodosth想去做某事（表示有個(gè)趨向性，好像是要到某處去做某事）如：Shelikestoswimthisafternoon.她今天下午想游泳。（特指某一次的動(dòng)作）另外，在搭配（使用方法）上，“l(fā)iketodo”一般與“would”搭配表示意愿。例：Iwouldliketoswimwithyou.我愿意和你去游泳。Wouldyouliketoskate你愿意去滑冰嗎getaletterfromsb.收到某人的來(lái)信=hearfromsb.hearfrom賓語(yǔ)是人不是信，hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)某人（物），hear聽(tīng)到，聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，側(cè)重聽(tīng)的結(jié)果。常用hearsbdoingsth/dosthImve

43、rygladtogetaletterfromyou.我很高興收到你的來(lái)信。Welcometomynewhome.【home作n.】（對(duì)比Welcomehome【home作adv.】）so/toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)二manyeg:Therearesomanybooksinthedesk.so/toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞=muchThereissomuchwaterintheriver.muchtoo+adj二二too太.Immuchtootired.方位短語(yǔ)：inthecenterof=inthemiddleof在.中間infrontof在.前面（外部）inthefrontof（內(nèi)部）在.前

44、面atthebackof在.后面ontheleft/rightof在.的左邊/右邊nextto緊鄰goup”沿著“指往北走，或從小地方往大地方走godown往南走，從大地方向小地方去goalong“沿著.往前一直走”goacross越過(guò)、穿過(guò)、橫穿（goacrossthebridge）aticketfor+n/vingeg:aticketforparking.usedtodo：過(guò)去常常表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在不再。Tomusedtotakeawalk.（過(guò)去常常散步）beusedtodo被用來(lái)做某事；Theknifeisusedtocutapples.beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于

45、做某事，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。Tomisusedtogoingforawalkafterdinner.現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步）Unit6Topic2重點(diǎn)句型Whatsyourhomelike你的家是什么樣的-Itsanapartmentbuilding.它是一棟公寓樓。Theyliveinabigfarmhouseinthecountry.他們住在農(nóng)村的農(nóng)舍里。WhatsthematterIcanthearyou,thelineisbad.我聽(tīng)不清，線路不好。Illgetsomeonetocheckitrightnow.我馬上派人去檢查。Thereissomethingwrongwithmy

46、kitchenfan.Therearemanyhouseswithbigyardsinthesuburbs.郊區(qū)有許多帶著大院子的房子。Whatkindofhomedoyoulivein你住在什么樣的房子里Imafraiditstooloud.恐怕聲音有點(diǎn)大1mreallysorryaboutthat.我真的對(duì)此很抱歉。重點(diǎn)講解Whatbe+.like詢(xún)問(wèn)某人某物情況或者狀況的句型。Whatsyourhomelikelike動(dòng)詞“喜歡，介詞“像”。belike像和looklike看起來(lái)像。belike主要用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)人的性格、外貌和事物特征。Looklike主要用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)外貌。Whatdo(does

47、)looklike詢(xún)問(wèn)外貌。forrent出租。wanted求租.rentsthtosb把某物租給某人rentsthfromsb從某人處租某物。with有，帶有”。Ahousewiththreebedrooms.有三間臥室的房子。with還可以意為“和(某人/某物)在一起”apartmentforafamilyoftwo.適合兩口之家的公寓。for表示“給”表示目的或功能。后接物主代詞或名詞，但通常帶s.或者后接表示無(wú)生命物體的名詞。Hereisaletterforyou.of的含義為“屬于某人/某事物”SheisafriendofLilys.二ShesisLilysfriend.Whatst

48、hematter怎么了二Whatswrong常用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)某人或某物出了什么什么問(wèn)題或毛病Whatsthematterwith(sb./sth.)二Whatsupwith二Whatswrongwith.有什么事Thereissomethingwrongwithsb./sth.某人或某物出問(wèn)題/有毛病了。Mykitchenfandoesntwork.我家廚房的排氣扇壞了。=Thereissomethingwrongwithmykitchenfan.=Somethingiswrongwithmykitchenfan.hearsbdoingsth聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行)hearsb.dosth

49、.表示聽(tīng)到某人做過(guò)了某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程，類(lèi)似的有see,watch,find,。hearaboutsth.聽(tīng)到關(guān)于某事物的消息hearfromsb接到某人的來(lái)信、電話等hearofsb./sth.聽(tīng)到或知道某人或某事物的情況hearyouplayingthepiano我聽(tīng)到你正在彈鋼琴Therearenohousesontheright.二Therearentanyhouses.（no后可以加可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞二notany后加不可數(shù)名詞或者可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/nota后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）alotof=Iotsof許多后接可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于many；后接不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于much，用于肯定句中；但如果是否定

50、句，常用many或much.Therearealotoftallbuildingsandsmallgardensinourcommunity.在我們的社區(qū)里有許多高樓和小花園。befarfrom離遠(yuǎn)（扌由象距離）Myschoolisnotfarfromthebookstore.beawayfrom離遠(yuǎn)（具體距離）Theseais2milesawayfromthehotel.becloseto離近。close與near都有“靠近”的意思，但close比near更近。Manyshopsandrestaurantsareclosetomyhome.Illgetsomeonetocheckitrigh

51、tnow.我馬上派人去檢查。getsb.todosth.使某人做某事，派某人去做某事二asksbtodosth.someone=somebody某人rightnow二atonce二rightaway馬上，立刻Wecancallitforhelp.callsbforsth/doingsth.我們可以打電話向它求救。Aretheremanypeoplelivingnearyourhome有許多人住在你家附近嗎（therebe+sb.+doingsth表示某地有某人在做什么）People沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，表示人們，做主語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞用areManypeoplearemovingfromcitiestothes

52、uburbs.許多人正從城市搬遷到郊區(qū)。(moveto.，movefrom.to.從.搬到、移動(dòng)到13.Thetrafficisheavyandthecostoflivingishigh.交通擁擠，生活開(kāi)銷(xiāo)高。13.cost在這做名詞，做動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是物，句型sth.costsbsomemoney.Therosecostsme10yuan.traffic不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，交通量的大小用heavy/busy和little/alittle修飾。Unit6Topic3重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法特殊疑問(wèn)句和問(wèn)路、指路的方式Unit6Topic3重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法特殊疑問(wèn)句和問(wèn)路、指路的方式重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：aticketfor

53、speeding超速罰單attheendoftheroad在路的盡頭goacross走過(guò)turnleft/right向左轉(zhuǎn)/向右轉(zhuǎn)onthecornerof在轉(zhuǎn)角/拐彎處acrossfrom在對(duì)面betweenand在之間taketheNo.718bus乘坐718路公共汽車(chē)changeto變成noparking禁止停車(chē)gethurt受傷obeythetrafficrules遵守交通規(guī)則keepontherightoftheroad保持在路的右邊atthefootof在的腳下holdsthinoneshand抓住某人的手重點(diǎn)句型1問(wèn)路語(yǔ)WhereisIsthereanearhereExcusem

54、e,isthereabanknearhere打擾了，請(qǐng)問(wèn)附近有銀行嗎WhichisthewaytoHowcanIgettoCouldyoutellmethewaytoHowcanIgettothebookstore=Couldyoutellmethewaytothebookstore=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothebookstore二Whereisthewaytothebookstore問(wèn)路的句型2指路Goalong/downthisroaduntilGoup（Goalong）thisstreettotheend,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.-

55、沿著這條街一直走到盡頭，你就會(huì)發(fā)下銀行在你左邊。Turnleftatthefirstturning=Takethefirstturningontheleft.GostraightaheadandyouwillseeItsabout15kilometresawayfromhere.Thankyouallthesame.=Thanksanyway.4Youcantmissit.YouneedtotakebusHowfarisitfromhereEverybodymustbecarefulandobeythetraffic.Wemuststopandlookbothwaysbeforewecross

56、theroad.Becareful!Dontplayonthestreet.Waitforyourturnwhenthelightsarered.在紅燈亮之前請(qǐng)等待Howfarisitfromhere（問(wèn)距離）-Itsabouttenkilometersawayfromhere.離這有多遠(yuǎn)離這有十千米遠(yuǎn)。Howcanwemaketheroadssafe我們?cè)鯓硬拍苁沟缆钒踩玬akesth/sb.+adj.Before（prep.）wecrosstheroad,wemuststopandlookbothways.在我們過(guò)馬路之前，我們必須停下來(lái)向路的兩邊看。Wemustneverplayonth

57、estreet.我們絕對(duì)不能在街上玩耍。=Wemustnotplaythestreet.Itsgoodtohelpchildrenandoldpeopletocrosstheroad.幫助小孩和老人過(guò)馬路是一種助人為樂(lè)的行為。Itsgoodtodosth.重點(diǎn)講解goup“沿著走”與它相近的詞有g(shù)oalong/downgetto到達(dá)，后接地點(diǎn)名詞getto=reach=arrivein/at與get有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：getin收獲geton上車(chē)getoff下車(chē)getout出去getoutof從出來(lái)getup起床Itsgoodtohelpchildrenandoldpeopletocrossthero

58、ad.幫助孩子和老人過(guò)馬路是一種助人為樂(lè)的行為。Itsgoodtodosth.做某事是助人為樂(lè)的行為。onthecornerof二atthecornerof在拐角處，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角處。inthecornerof表示在某一建筑物內(nèi)的拐角處。有關(guān)come的短語(yǔ)cometo來(lái)至Icomeform來(lái)自于comeon力口油，趕快comein進(jìn)來(lái)comeout出來(lái)comedown下來(lái)comeback回來(lái)Itsaboutfivehundredmetersalong(adv.)ontheright.順著右邊走大約500m就到了。確切的表示幾百hundred不用復(fù)數(shù)，但是在表示“成百上千”的時(shí)

59、候用hundredsof,thousand也同樣用7GoalongthisroaduntilyougettoBeisihuanRoad沿著這條路一直走，直到你到達(dá)北四環(huán)路。特指某個(gè)道路前面不加the，大寫(xiě)這條路的名字Youcantmissit.你不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)它的。(miss除了表示錯(cuò)過(guò)，還可以表示“想念”.Shemisseshermother.)YouneedtotakebusNo.718,thenyoushouldchangetotheNo.108busatAnzhenBridge你需要乘坐718路車(chē)，然后你應(yīng)該在安貞橋換乘108路車(chē)?！咀ⅰ浚?）needtodosth,需要去做某事；needs

60、th/sb需要某物，某人（2）should在這是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后加動(dòng)原。（3）changeto轉(zhuǎn)乘，變成changefromAtoB從A變成B（change作名詞還可以表示“零錢(qián)，不可數(shù)）（4）幾路車(chē)有兩種表示方法：bus或者thebus祈使句語(yǔ)法講解：表示請(qǐng)求、命令、禁止、勸告或建議的句子，特點(diǎn)是省略了主語(yǔ)。祈使句無(wú)主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)you常省去；動(dòng)詞原形謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)，句首加dont否定變；朗讀應(yīng)當(dāng)用降調(diào),句末常標(biāo)感嘆號(hào)?？隙ńY(jié)構(gòu):Do型（即：動(dòng)詞原形（+賓語(yǔ)）+其它成分）。如：Pleasehaveaseathere.請(qǐng)這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動(dòng)詞可省略。女口:Thisway,please.二G