動(dòng)名詞的用法課件

1、動(dòng)名詞Grammar動(dòng)名詞的定義它是一種兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞特征的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。基本形式為:v-ing, 動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以做主語、表語、賓語、定語等。動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本形式：（以write為例） 時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)一般時(shí)完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)writing having written 被動(dòng)語態(tài)being written having been written 注意：動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是：not writing V-ing形式的構(gòu)成方式：1.在一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加詞尾 ing。 eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; rea

2、d - reading study studying; carry carrying; fly flying; worry worrying; 2.在以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，去掉e，再加- ing。 eg. come coming live living dance dancing make making 3.在閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞后、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，將這個(gè)輔音字母雙寫（x除外），然后再加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; forget forgetting 4.在少數(shù)幾個(gè)以 ie 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)

3、詞后：須將ie 變作y，再加- ing。(這些動(dòng)詞詞典一般均注明) eg. die dying; tie tying lie lying 性質(zhì)主語表語賓語賓補(bǔ)定語狀語動(dòng)名詞n.動(dòng)名詞能在句中充當(dāng)什么成分？2. 用作賓語1）作動(dòng)詞的賓語 某些動(dòng)詞后出現(xiàn)非限定性動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，不能用不定式。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay,

4、 practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, cant stand, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他們繼續(xù)走，說個(gè)不停。 I found it pleasant walking alon

5、g the seashore. 在海灘上走真是樂事。 為了便于記憶，特歸納如下：后跟-ing的動(dòng)詞的順口溜：避免，錯(cuò)過，（少）延期建議，完成，（多）練習(xí)喜歡，想象，禁不住承認(rèn)，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒險(xiǎn)，（多）原諒忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid, miss, postpone/put offsuggest, finish, practiceenjoy, imagine, cant helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excusestand, keep, mind注意：to 在下列短語中是介詞，常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。 be/get used to look for

6、ward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself to lead to contribute to object to（反對(duì)） Lets get down to preparing for the exam.動(dòng)名詞用在下列詞組后作賓語：give up, cant help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等 She cant help crying at the sad sight. Do you feel like having a

7、break?4) 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式的常用動(dòng)詞有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表達(dá)的意義不同。 I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我記得在賓館見過她。(動(dòng)作發(fā)生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我記著要去賓館見她。(動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)1remember/forget/ regretto do動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生doing 動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生2. try to do 設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）3. mean to do 打算做（主語一般是人）

8、doing 意味著（主語一般是物）4.regretto do對(duì)將要做的事抱歉doing 對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔1remember/forgetto do動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生doing 動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生2. try to do 設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）3. mean to do 打算做（主語一般是人）doing 意味著（主語一般是物）4.regretto do對(duì)將要做的事抱歉doing 對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔5. stop to do停下去做另外一件事doing 停止做手頭的事情 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。(Cle

9、aning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 作表語 動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語動(dòng)名詞與主語通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語的內(nèi)容，主語、表語可互換位置。 ）動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Would you mind _（我開窗戶嗎）？Would you mind my opening the window?my稱為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語I cant unde