國家開放大學計算機網絡實驗報告5

1、實驗報告實驗名稱路由器的配置成績實驗目的：理解路由器的工作原理及其作用，認識路由器的各種接口理解靜態(tài)路由的工作原理和應用環(huán)境，掌握配置靜態(tài)路由的基本命令理解動態(tài)路由協議 RIP的原理和應用環(huán)境，掌握配置RIP協議的基本命令理解動態(tài)路由協議 OSPF 的基本特點和分組類型， 掌握在路由器 （三層交換機）上配置 OSPF 協議的基本命令； 5學會在路由器（三層交換機）上查看、分析路由表的方法，并學會通過分析路實驗條件：Packet tracer 5.0實驗內容：一、靜態(tài)路由器的配置畫出結構圖并配置兩個 PC 的 IP 及掩碼、網關為路由器的兩個接口分配 IPDCE64000Routerenable

2、 Router#configureterminalEnter configuration commands, one per line.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED:InterfaceFastEthernet0/0,changedstatetoupip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interfaceSerial2/0

3、Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate64000Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0在兩臺路由器上配置靜態(tài)路由，命令如下： Router(config)#iproute192.168.1.0255.255.255.010.0.0.2查看三臺網絡設備上的路由表并測試兩臺PCping 192.168.2.2Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:Replyfrom192.168.2.2:bytes=32time=15msT

4、TL=128Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 8ms, Maximum =

5、15ms, Average = 9ms二、RIP配置兩 PC 的 IP 地址及掩碼和網關配置三層交換機的接口IP如果在三層交換機的物理端口上配置，則需用命令noswitchport 將其變?yōu)槿龑佣丝?，才可以配?IP如果在三層交換機的虛擬端口上配置，則可以直接配置IP，但要先劃分 vlan，并將物理端口分配至相應的vlan中配置兩路由器的接口IP，注意：位于 DCE 端的路由器串口要配置時鐘頻率64000，并路由器端口要手動開啟。為三層交換機及兩臺路由器配置rip協議，命令如下Routerenable Router#configureterminalEnter configuration co

6、mmands, one per line.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#router ripRouter(config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.0查看三臺網絡設備上的路由表并測試兩臺PCping 192.168.4.2Pinging 192.168.4.2 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168

7、.4.2: bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=21ms TTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 23ms, Average = 21ms三、OSPF配置兩 PC 的 IP 地址及掩碼和網關配置三層交換機的接口 IPSwitchenSwitch

8、#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.EndwithCNTL/Z.Switch(config)#int f1/0%Invalid interface type and numberSwitch(config)#int f0/1 Switch(config-if)#no switchport%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:changed state to downLineprotocolonInterfaceFastEthernet0/1,%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceF

9、astEthernet0/1,changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.1.1255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#exitSwitch(config)#int f0/2 Switch(config-if)#noswitchportSwitch(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.2.1255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#exit配置兩路由器的接口IP，注意：位于 DCE 端的路由器串口要配置時鐘頻率64000，并路由器端口要手動開啟。Routerenable

10、 Router#configureterminalEnter configuration commands, one per line.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:Lineprotocolon Interfacechanged state to upRouter(config-if)#ipadd

11、ress192.168.2.2255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#interfaceSerial2/0Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate64000Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0為三層交換機及兩臺路由器配置如下SwitchenSwitch#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line.E

12、ndwithCNTL/Z.Switch(config)#router ospf 100:00:45:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr192.168.3.1onFastEthernet0/1from LOADING to FULL, Loading DoneSwitch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 2Switch(config-router)#network192.168.2.0255.255.255.0area2RouterenRouter#config tEnter configuratio

13、n commands, one per line.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#router ospf 100:00:45:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr192.168.2.1onFastEthernet1/0from LOADING to FULL, Loading DoneRouter(config-router)#network 192.1168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 2Router(config-router)#network 192.1168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 2查看三臺網絡設備上

14、的路由表并測試兩臺PCping 192.168.4.2Pinging 192.168.4.2 with 32 bytes of data:Replyfrom192.168.4.2:bytes=32time=110msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.4.2:bytes=32time=110msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.4.2:bytes=32time=125msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.4.2:bytes=32time=125msTTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2:Packets:Sent=4,

15、Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 125ms, Average = 117ms查看路由表Switch#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSP

16、F NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi -IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia- IS-ISinter area* -candidate default, U - per-user static route, o -ODRP -periodic downloaded static routeGateway oflast resort is not setC192.168.1.0/24 isdirectly connected,FastEth