聚焦新中考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義第38課日常交際用語(yǔ)-精講版課件

1、第38課 日常交際用語(yǔ) 要點(diǎn)梳理1. 打招呼(Greeting)(1)一般打招呼用語(yǔ)Hello！Good morning (afternoon, evening)(2)初次見(jiàn)面打招呼用語(yǔ)How do you do？ / Glad to meet you.(3)有一段時(shí)間沒(méi)見(jiàn)面的熟人打招呼用語(yǔ)How are you ? Im fine, thanks. (4)認(rèn)識(shí)但不常見(jiàn)面的人打招呼用語(yǔ)Hows everything going？ / How are you getting on?Pretty well. / Very well. / Everything is OK. / Not too ba

2、d.對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)想要叫他(她)停下來(lái)Hey, sir(madam)/ Just a moment, sir(madam)2. 告別(Saying Goodbye)(1)告別前用語(yǔ)Im afraid I must be off.Im afraid I have to leave.Well, Its getting late. (2)對(duì)告別前用語(yǔ)的回答Thank you for coming. (3)告別用語(yǔ)Goodbye！/ Bye！/ See you. / See you later. Byebye! Good night.晚安！Have a pleasant journey！/ Wish yo

3、u a pleasant journey.Dont forget to give me a ring. / Remember to give me a ring.(4)對(duì)告別用語(yǔ)的回答Goodbye！/ Good night!You too. / The same to you.Take care!3. 介紹他人(Introducing people)I want to introduce.Id like you to meet.Let me introduce you to.By the way, do you know.?對(duì)介紹的應(yīng)答How do you do？/ Im pleased t

4、o know you. / Very glad to meet you. / Nice to meet you. / Its a pleasure to meet you.4. 詢(xún)問(wèn)國(guó)籍、籍貫，姓名及職業(yè)時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)Where are you from ？/ Are you from American/Britain. ?Who are you？/ Whats your name？ What do you do？/ Whats your job?What do you want to do/be when you grow up？ / What are you going to be?5. 談?wù)?/p>

5、天氣(Talking about weather)How is the weather today？/ Whats the weather like today?Its sunny / rainy / snowy / windy. (Its raining / snowing.)Its warm and windy in spring.Its very cold / hot today, isnt it?Its a cold day！/ What a cold day! Its getting warmer.6. 談?wù)摃r(shí)間和日期(Talking about time and date)What

6、 time is it？/ Whats the time?Its 700 / a quarter to seven / ten past seven.What day is it?Its Tuesday.Whats the date?Its October 30. Whats today?Friday, the 24th.7. 談?wù)擃l率(Talking about frequency)I always wash the dishes after supper.I usually go to school by bus.I never eat onions.Sometimes I ride my

7、 bike.How often do you watch TV?Twice a day. / Once a week.8. 談?wù)搻?ài)好(Talking about Hobbies.)(1)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方的業(yè)余愛(ài)好What are your hobbies? What do you often do in your free / spare time? What are your favorite sports? Do you like drawing / playing chess.? What are you interested in after work? (2)敘述自己的愛(ài)好My hobby

8、is.I enjoy watching TV / listening to music.I like / lovecollecting stamps / fishing.I find.very interesting.My favorite.is / are.I like.best.(3)表示厭惡I dont like(to).I hate(to).I dont enjoy sth. / doing sth. (4)表示偏愛(ài)I prefer A to B. 我喜歡A甚過(guò)喜歡B。would rather do.表示“寧愿做”9. 表達(dá)喜悅 / 恐懼(Expressing Happiness /

9、fear)How wonderful / nice!Thats nice / lovely / great / wonderful!Im so happy / glad / pleased (to.)Its well done. Help! How terrible! Im scared!10. 表達(dá)希望和愿望(Expressing hope and wish)I hope that.He hopes to.11. 感謝與應(yīng)答(Thanks and responses)Thank you. / Thanks. / Thank you very much. / Thank you so much

10、. / Thanks a lot.Youre kind!Thank you all the same. Youre welcome. / Not at all. / Dont mention it. / Its my pleasure. / Thats all right.12. 祝愿與祝賀(Wishes and Congratulations)(1)當(dāng)某人取得成功時(shí)。Well done! Congratulations (to you)!(2)當(dāng)某人外出旅行時(shí)。Good luck with your trip! Have a good trip / journey.I wish you a

11、good trip / journey. / Good trip to you. / Nice journey to you.Have a nice / pleasant / wonderful time.I wish you a nice / pleasant / wonderful time.Have fun!Enjoy yourself / yourselves!(3)當(dāng)某人生日時(shí)Happy birthday to you！Thank you!(4)當(dāng)某人即將做某事時(shí)Good luck (to you)！(I wish you success！)(5)上述幾點(diǎn)中祝愿(賀)的回答可用：Th

12、anks. / Thank you. / Thanks a lot.或Its kind of you to say so. (6)在公共節(jié)日里Happy New Year (to you)! 新年快樂(lè)！Thanks. The same to you！(Happy New Year to you, too！)謝謝！您也一樣！(也祝您新年快樂(lè)！)13. 表?yè)P(yáng)與鼓勵(lì)(Praise and encouragement) The gift is wonderful！/ Your dress is beautiful!These. are beautiful!Beijing is great!You sp

13、eak English very well!Very good!Good work！/ Well done！/ Wonderful！/ Excellent！ Keep trying！You can do it.Come on!14. 表示遺憾、同情的交際用語(yǔ)(1)表遺憾時(shí)be afraid (that).Its a pity (that). What a pity!(2)表同情時(shí)Im sorry to hear.15. 提醒和警告(Reminding and warning)(1)祈使句表示提醒、禁止和警告。Look out！/ Be careful！/ Take care！/ Danger！

14、 / Slow down！/ Entrance / Exit！/ Stop!(2)下列句型也可用來(lái)表示警告：Dont do sth.or. If you.youll.(3)以否定祈使句或“Noing” 表示提醒、禁止和警告。 Dont feed the animals!Dont forget to water your plant!Dont smoke！/ Dont be late！/ Dont take pictures here!No smoking / parking！/ No spitting!(4)用cant/mustnt 表示禁止和警告。 16. 道歉和應(yīng)答(Apologize a

15、nd responses)(1)表達(dá)道歉Pardon? Excuse me!I beg your pardon.Im sorry / Sorry.Sorry, I wont.(2)回答別人的道歉的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)Thats all right / OK.It doesnt matter. / Thats nothing. / Never mind.No problem. / Dont worry about it! 17. 同意與不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(1)完全同意Certainly. / Sure. / Of course. / All right. / OK.

16、 / No problem.Yes, please. / Yes, I think so. / Thats true.Thats a good idea. / I agree(with you)/ Im sure youre right.(2)不同意(Disagree)No, I dont think so. / I dont agree(with you) / I cant really agree with you.Im afraid not. / Of course not. / No way.18. 邀請(qǐng)與應(yīng)答(Invitation and responses)(1)用一般疑問(wèn)句形式W

17、ill / Would / Can / Could you come to.? Would you like to.?Yes, Id like (love) to.Yes, its very kind/nice of you (to invite me)(2)用陳述句形式I like sb. to do sth. / Id like you to come to. Id like (love) to, but Im very busy.Id love to，.but Im afraid.Thank you for inviting me.Its very kind of you to invi

18、te me, but Im busy.19. 請(qǐng)求允許(Asking for permission)(1)Can / May / Could I.? 我可不可以？表允許或同意Yes. / Sure. / Certainly. Of course, you may.Yes, do please. Thats OK. / all right.Go ahead, please.表不允許或不同意No, please dont. Im sorry you cant.Im sorry, but. Youd better not.(2)would you mind my / me.? 你介意我表允許/不介意

19、No, I dont mind. Certainly not / Of course not. Not at all.表不允許/介意Im sorry you cant.Im afraid.Im afraid its not allowed.20. 請(qǐng)求(Requests)用下列疑問(wèn)句表示請(qǐng)求及其應(yīng)答。(1)用may(can, could)來(lái)表達(dá)。表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Yes ，you may(can)/ Certainly. (of course. / Sure.) / Yes, do please.注意：上述回答中can不能換成could，因?yàn)閏ould在一般疑問(wèn)句中表示委婉的請(qǐng)求，而在肯定句

20、中，則無(wú)此功能。表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：No, you mustnt. / No, you cant. No, youd better not. / Please dont. / Sorry, Im afraid not.(2)用Would.? Will.? Would (Will) you please.？/ Would you like.? 來(lái)表達(dá)。表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Yes, Id like to. (Yes, Id love to. Yes, Ill be glad to.) / With pleasure.注意：上述回答中介詞to均不能省略。表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Id like (lo

21、ve) to, but Im busy. / Im sorry, but Im busy. / Im afraid not. / Id really like to, but I have no time.(3)用Please.來(lái)表達(dá)。表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：OK. (All right.) / Of course. (Sure.Certainly.) / With pleasure.表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Im sorry, but Im busy. / Im afraid not.21. 勸告/提建議(advice/suggestions/order)(1)表建議的用語(yǔ)Would you min

22、d opening the door?Would you like to join us?What / How about playing badminton now?Why not put off the meeting till tomorrow?Would / Could you please turn off the TV?Shall we go to the park?Lets go to school.(2)表勸告用語(yǔ)Wed / Youd better go now.You should.Dont push / run.Please be quiet.(3)應(yīng)答建議的用語(yǔ)肯定回答：

23、Yes, please. / OK. / Certainly. / Good idea. / Thats a good idea！/ What a good idea！/ All right. / Sure. / Yes, Lets. / I would be glad to. / I would like to./Yes, Id like/love to.(其中to不能省略)否定回答：No, thank you. / Sorry, we cant. / Sorry, you cant. / Sorry, but. / Sorry, Ill. / Yes, Id like (love) to,

24、 but.22. 問(wèn)路及指路(Asking and directing the way)(1)問(wèn)路Excuse me. Where is the school?Which is the way to.?Is there a.near here / in the neighborhood?How can I get to.?Can you tell me the way to the cinema?How far is it from here?(2)指路Go along / straight / down this street. Turn right / left at the first

25、/ second crossing.Go across / past / through.Its about.meters from here.Youd better take a taxi / No. 5 bus.23. 電話(huà)用語(yǔ)(Making telephone calls)Hello! This / is.speaking.Hello! May I speak to.Hold on / Wait a minute / One moment, please.Can I take a message for you?Im sorry.is not in. / at home now.Does

26、 he have your telephone number?Ill ask him to call you back.Ill ring him up again.24. 提供幫助(Offering help)Can / Could I help you? Can / Could I do.for you?What can I do for you? Would you like some help?Would you like me to do sth. for you ?Do you want me to. ?Is there anything (else) I can do (for y

27、ou)? Let me do.for you. 需要幫助Yes, please.Thanks. Thats very kind / good / nice (of you). 謝絕幫助No, thanks / thank you, but I can do it myself.No, I can do it, but thank you all the same.25. 購(gòu)物(Go Shopping)(1)售貨員用語(yǔ)What can I do for you?May / Can I help you?How much / many would / do you like?What color

28、/ size would you like?What (How) about this one (pair)?Heres your change.(2)顧客購(gòu)物用語(yǔ)I want / Id like.Thats too much / expensive, Im afraid.Let me have.kilo(s) / box(es)，etc.Do you have any other kind / size / color?Thats fine. Ill take it.How much is it / are they?How much does it cost?26. 看病(Seeing a

29、 Doctor)(1)醫(yī)生詢(xún)問(wèn)病情Whats wrong / the matter / the trouble with you?Is there anything wrong with you?Do you have a fever?Have you taken your temperature?How long have you been like this?(2)病人陳述病情T(mén)heres something wrong with my (eyes)Ive got a cough. (fever / stomachache / headache / backache / sore thro

30、at)Ive got a pain here.This place hurts.I feel terrible (bad / awful)I dont feel well. / Im not feeling well.It hurts here.I cant sleep well.I dont feel like eating anything.(3)醫(yī)生的醫(yī)囑、安慰及建議Take this medicine three times a day, after the meal.Take 2 pills now and 2 more in 4 hours time.Its nothing ser

31、ious.Youll be all right / well soon.Youd better have a good rest.Get up early and take more exercise.Eat less fat food and more vegetables.27. 就餐(Having meals)(1)主人征求或建議對(duì)方吃什么Would you like something to eat / drink?What would you like to have?Would you like some more.?Which do you prefer, rice or noo

32、dles?What would you like to drink, tea or coffee?(2)主人讓客人隨意用自己喜歡的食物或飲料Help yourself / yourselves (to.)(3)客人的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)Id like.Just a little, please.Thank you. Ive had enough.Im full, thank you.Its delicious, but I cant eat any more.28. 約會(huì)的交際用語(yǔ)(1)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否有空Will you be free (tonight / tomorrow /.)?Yes, Ill be

33、free (tonight / tomorrow.). Im afraid not. (Im afraid Im not free tonight / tomorrow.)(2)詢(xún)問(wèn)約會(huì)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)What time shall we meet?Where is the best place to meet? How about 5 pm. / tonight / tomorrow.?What about (meeting) at the gate / outside the station.? Shall we meet at 730 pm at the gate? Ill meet you

34、 at the theatre at 730 pm. Lets make it a little earlier/later.29. 語(yǔ)言困難( Language Difficulties)(1)當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的發(fā)音時(shí)How do you pronounce.? (2)當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的漢語(yǔ)意思時(shí)Whats the Chinese meaning of the word.？ / What does.mean in Chinese?(3)當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的拼寫(xiě)時(shí)Could / can you spell the word?(4)當(dāng)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清(懂)對(duì)方講話(huà)內(nèi)容時(shí)Im sorry, I didnt quite f

35、ollow (catch) you. / Im afraid I didnt follow (catch)(5)當(dāng)沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂(清)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話(huà)或請(qǐng)求對(duì)方再重復(fù)時(shí)Pardon？/ Could you say that again？/ Would you please say that again？/ Would you please say that more slowly?(6)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否聽(tīng)懂(清)時(shí)Is that clear？/ Do you understand?(7)當(dāng)不知如何表達(dá)某一意思時(shí)I dont know how to say it in English.30. 常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志和說(shuō)明(So

36、me common signs and instructions)：BUSINESS HOURS; OFFICE HOURS; OPEN; CLOSED; PULL; PUSH; ON; OFF; ENTRANCE; EXIT; INSTRUCTIONS; FRAGILE; THIS SIDE UP; MENU; NO SMOKING; NO PARKING; NO PHOTOS; DANGER??； PLAY; STOP; PAUSE感悟中考【例1】(2011寧波) May I speak to Annie, please? _. A. Yes, youre right B. Speaking

37、 C. Thank you D. She is fine 解析：本題考查打電話(huà)用語(yǔ)。May I speak to.? 的答語(yǔ) 應(yīng)是(This is.)speaking。故選B。B【例2】(2011杭州) Big animals can be a lot of trouble. Maybe you should get a small pet, like a goldfish. _. A. Thats all right B. Thats a good idea C. Youre welcome D. Never mind 解析：本題考查對(duì)提建議的答語(yǔ)。對(duì)提建議的肯定回答通常 用Thats a

38、good idea。故選B。B【例3】(2011湖州) Im going to Hainan with my aunt next week. _！ A. Have a good time B. Best wishes to you C. Congratulations D. Please go 解析：本題考查的是表達(dá)祝愿的交際用語(yǔ)。當(dāng)親友外出 旅行時(shí)常用Have a good time祝愿他(們)玩得開(kāi)心。 故選A。A【例4】(2011嘉興、舟山) We plan to go out for a picnic next weekend. Would you like to come along

39、? _. Its my favourite. A. Enjoy yourself B. It doesnt matter C. Youre welcome D. That would be very nice 解析：本題考查的是對(duì)邀請(qǐng)的應(yīng)答。上句句意“下周末我們 要去野炊，你愿意和我們一起去嗎？”此句主要表示邀請(qǐng)， Enjoy yourself祝你玩得開(kāi)心， It doesnt matter沒(méi)關(guān)系， Youre welcome不客氣，都不符合邏輯。故選D。D【例5】(2011紹興) Do you think you can repair the car by yourself? _. Its

40、not the first time for me. A. Dont worry B. Hurry up C. Sorry, I cant D. Not at all 解析：本題考查的表達(dá)安慰的交際用語(yǔ)。問(wèn)句句意：你認(rèn)為 你能自己修那輛車(chē)嗎？答句中后句：這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不是第一 次了?？膳袛唷癉ont worry別擔(dān)心”符合邏輯。故選A。A【例6】(2011天津) Im sorry I broke your coffee cup. _. A. Youre welcome B. I dont know C. Youre right D. It doesnt matter 解析：本題考查對(duì)于道歉的答語(yǔ)。

41、 “It doesnt matter沒(méi)關(guān)系” 符合邏輯。故選D。D【例7】(2011鎮(zhèn)江) I am out of breath. I cant go any further. _！ I am sure you can make it. A. No problem B. What a pity C. Not bad D. Come on 解析：本題考查對(duì)別人表示鼓勵(lì)的用語(yǔ)。句意：我上氣不 接下氣了，我不能再走了。加油，我相信你會(huì)成功的。 No problem 沒(méi)問(wèn)題；What a pity真遺憾；Not bad不壞； Come on加油。故選D。D【例8】(2011天津) I hope you

42、ll have a good jouney. _. A. Well done B. Dont mention it C. Certainly D. Thank you very much 解析：本題考查祝愿語(yǔ)的答語(yǔ)。通常我們用“Thank you” 來(lái)回答別人對(duì)自己的祝愿。故選D。D領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)法單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. Im going to Hainan on vacation next week. _. (2011溫州) A . Have a good time B. Not at all C. Thank you D. I have no idea 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。Have a good ti

43、me玩得高興，過(guò)得愉 快； Not at all不用謝； Thank you謝謝； I have no idea 我不知道。根據(jù)上文“我打算下星期去海南度假”，故應(yīng) 為“祝你玩得高興”。故選A。A( )2. Open the window please, Mike. _？ I didnt hear what your said. A. What B. Pardon C. Really D. All right 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)Pardon？意為“再說(shuō)一遍好嗎”， 通常用于沒(méi)有聽(tīng)清或沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)對(duì)方的話(huà)。故選B。B( )3. It is reported that it will rain hard

44、 next Sunday. _. Were planning to go boating that day. (2011黃岡) A. I dont think so B. I hope so C. Im afraid not D. I hope not 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。I dont think so 意為 “我認(rèn)為不是這 樣”； I hope so 意為 “我希望如此”； Im afraid not意為 “恐怕不行”； I hope not 意為 “我希望不是這樣”。句意 為“據(jù)報(bào)道下周日有大雨。我們計(jì)劃那天去乘船。” 所以，應(yīng)該是“我希望不是這樣”。故選D。D( )4. Ill fly

45、to Qingdao for my holiday this weekend. Wonderful! _(2011無(wú)錫) A. Why not? B. I hope so. C. With pleasure. D. Have a good time! 解析：由上句可知要去度假，故選D，意為“祝你玩的開(kāi)心”。 故選D。D( )5. Is Mr. Black ill? _. I think he will have to stay at home to have a good rest.(2011鹽城) A. I dont think so B. Im afraid not C. I hope s

46、o D. Im afraid so 解析：考查考查情景交際。從答句知Mr. Black生病了。 故選D。D( )6. Maggie, I really love your handwriting. _.(2011蘇州) A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much C. No，I dont think so D. Well，its not good enough 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意：我喜歡你的書(shū)法。謝謝。 故選B。B( )7. My recorder is broken. Could I use yours? _， but you have

47、 to return it tomorrow. (2011宿遷) A. Im not sure B. No problem C. Im sorry D. I hope so 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)意為“我不能確定”；B項(xiàng)意為“沒(méi) 問(wèn)題”；C項(xiàng)意為“對(duì)不起； 很抱歉”；D項(xiàng)意為“我希望如 此” 經(jīng)常用在他人希望某事發(fā)生時(shí)，你同時(shí)也希望某事發(fā) 生。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境排除A、C、D，故選B。B( )8. You never exercise. _. I walk for more than one hour every day. (2011濟(jì)寧) A. Yes, I do B. No, I dont C.

48、Yes, I am D. No, Im not 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。exercise是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故用do而不用am。 根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的“I walk for more than one hour every day.”可 知是肯定答語(yǔ)。反意疑問(wèn)句的回答根據(jù)事實(shí)原則。事實(shí)為肯 定的則回答yes，事實(shí)為否定的則回答no。通過(guò)后一句話(huà)可知 鍛煉。只是這里yes要翻譯成“不”。故選A。A( )9. Well, my sons take great interest in most of the food on the menu. Thanks. _？ Yes, fried fish, beef, chip

49、s and cola, please.(2011煙臺(tái)) A. Can I do for you B. At your service C. What to follow D. Shall I take your order 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。由首句句意“我的兒子們對(duì)菜單上的 大部分食物很感興趣?！焙湍┚涞摹罢~(yú)、牛肉、炸薯?xiàng)l 和可樂(lè)”可知，是要點(diǎn)的食物?？赏茰y(cè)上句為要點(diǎn)菜的問(wèn) 句，故選D. Shall I take your order？意為“請(qǐng)你點(diǎn)菜好嗎？”D( )10. Do you think the rain will stop tomorrow？ _. It has rained

50、for ten days. Its too wet everywhere. (2011煙臺(tái)) A. I hope not B. Im sure it is C. Im afraid it will D. I hope so 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。I hope not意為“我希望不是”；Im sure it is意為“我確信它是”；Im afraid it will. “恐怕它將會(huì)”； I hope so意為“我希望如此”。根據(jù)句意“你認(rèn)為明天雨會(huì)停 嗎？”“它已經(jīng)下了好幾天了。天氣到處都太濕了?！焙苊黠@ 是希望明天雨停。故選D。D( )11. I cant find my seat. Could

51、 you show me, sir? _. May I see your ticket, please? (2011臺(tái)州) A. Sure B. I agree C. Good idea D. It doesnt matter 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ) Sure“當(dāng)然可以”；I agree “我同意”； Good idea“好主意，好辦法”；It doesnt matter?！皼](méi)關(guān) 系”。由句意“我找不到我的座位，你能指給我看嗎，先 生？”可知應(yīng)選A。A( )12. Everybody is playing outside. Can I join them, mom? _ Not until you have finished practicing the piano.(2011南京) A. Why not? B. Will you C. I hope so. D. Im afraid not. 解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。理解句意：大家都在外面玩，我能加 入他們嗎？媽媽。你練完鋼琴才行。故用否定作答， 選D項(xiàng)。D( )13. Im worried about tomorrows math exam. _. Im sure y