2021-2022學(xué)年河南省洛陽市元上中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

1、2021-2022學(xué)年河南省洛陽市元上中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、 選擇題1. _ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift. A. Which B. What C. That D. It 參考答案：B 2. The old farmer had his leg _ but he had his tractors _ day and night.A. hurting; working B. hurting; worked C. hurt; wo

2、rking D. hurt; worked參考答案：C3. - Have you brought the photo of your family? - Yes,I _it the whole morning. A. would look for B.looked for C. have been looking for D.had looked for參考答案：B4. A total of 35 Chinese universities rank among the worlds 500 best in a ranking _ by Chinas Shanghai Jiao Tong Uni

3、versity on Monday. A. releasing B. to release C. release D. released參考答案：D5. .Hell his nervousness once hes on stage.A . get away B. get off C. get through D. get over參考答案：D略6. -Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it _ purpose. -That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _ accident. A.

4、on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on參考答案：A7. why dont we choose that road to save time ? -The bridge to it _.A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired參考答案：C8. He said it was this classroom _ he found his lost watch and _ he would take good care of it from then on.A. whe

5、re; / B. when; what C. that; what D. where; that參考答案：D9. Repairs of historic buildings have to be _ the original structure.A. in sympathy with B. in search ofC. in response to D. in contrast to參考答案：10. When asked if he was disappointed with his failure _ the gold medal，the athlete responded just wit

6、h a smile.A. to win B. winning C. won D. to be won參考答案：A略11. The zoologist hid himself among the bushes, _ he could watch how the lions lived on the grassland.A. where B. which C. from where D. from which參考答案：C12. The couple overjoyed _ words on hearing their son survive the airplane crash by a mira

7、cle.Aof Bin Cbeyond Dabove參考答案：C考查介詞。beyond words表示“在言語之外”，即不能用言語來表達(dá)，也就是“無法形容”了。句意：當(dāng)聽到他們的兒子竟然奇跡般地在空難中幸存下來時，這對夫婦高興得無法用語言來形容。13. He didnt make_clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B.that C.it D.these參考答案：C14. My grandmother had_ over 50, 000 when she was sixty- five years old.A. put

8、away B. put back C. put outD. put down. 參考答案：A43. Educators claim that children _ to English-speaking environment will learn the language more quickly. A. being exposed B. to be exposed C. having exposed D. exposed參考答案：D略16. He thought mattered most in improving your spoken English was enough confid

9、ence and practice.Awhy Bwhat Cwhich DThat參考答案：B二、 填空17. Children have excellent memories. This is 61 it is important to think before you speak and not make promises you dont have any 62 (intend)of keeping.Children dont forget the things you promise 63 (they). Parents who dont keep their word will 64

10、 (eventual)lose the respect of their children. We set a good example by our actions, and when you make promises but break them, you are not only losing your childrens respect, but you are 65 giving them a bad example.When you make little promises to your children and you keep them, you are teaching

11、them 66 trust you. Every time you break a promise you 67 (disappoint) your child and making him and her feel that they are not important to you.Keeping your promises teaches your children that you are 68 (rely) and that they can count on you. 69 your children can trust you with the little things in

12、life, they will finally trust you with the big ones. When you promise something and you cant follow through with it, sit down with your child and explain why. Make sure your child 70 (understand) that you are aware you are breaking a promise.參考答案：61.why 62.intention 63.them64.eventually65.also66.to

13、67.are disappointing68.reliable 69.if 70.understands試題分析：通過本文考查學(xué)生正確運(yùn)用英語單詞的能力。67.are disappointing 句意：每次你違反諾言，你都會讓孩子很失望，并且讓他/她感覺他/她們對你不重要。這里根據(jù)下文and making可知這里用are disappointing。68.reliable句意:信守諾言會告訴你的孩子你很可靠，他們可以依靠你。故用reliable。69.if句意:如果你的孩子在生活中的小事中信任你，他們最終會在大事上信任你。根據(jù)句意可知用if。70.understands 句意:確保你的孩子理解

14、你意識到你失信了。這里主語your child，故動詞用understands?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】not onlybut also的用法該表達(dá)的意思是“不但而且”，注意以下用法：主要用于連接兩個對等的成分；若連接兩個成分作主語，其后謂語動詞與靠近的主語保持一致。如：She likes not only music but also sport. 她不但喜歡音樂而且喜歡運(yùn)動。The place was not only cold, but also damp. 那個地方不但很冷而且很潮濕。We go there not only in winter, but also in summer. 我們不僅冬

15、天去那兒，而且夏天也去。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不僅學(xué)生們在欣賞這部影片，他們的老師也在欣賞這部影片。not onlybut also中的also通?？梢允÷?，或換成too, as well（要置于句末）。如：He not only washed the car, but polished it too as well. 他不僅沖洗汽車，而且還擦拭了它。有時甚至連 but also 一并省略掉。如：Justice must not only be done; it must be se

16、en to be done. 正義不但必須伸張，而且要讓人看到正義得到了伸張。She not only entered the competitionshe actually won it! 她不但參加了競賽而且居然獲勝了！為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將not only置于句首，此時其后的句子通常要用部分倒裝的形式。如：Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不僅僅遲到了3次，她還沒干一點(diǎn)活。Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of wat

17、er. 他們不但需要衣服，而且還缺水18. The Internet recently raised its eyebrows after Chinese state media claimed that online shopping, high-speed rail, bike sharing and electronic payment systems are Chinas “four new great inventions.”Last week, Xinhua News Agency said he country deserved credit for the discoverie

18、s, 61 (compare) them to the inventions of ancient China: compass, gunpowder, paper, and printing.According to SCMP, the so-called “four new great inventions” were based 62 last years research conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. In a survey, Chinas foreign students from 20 countries near t

19、he “Belt and Road Initiative” 63 (ask) to pick Chinas “four new inventions” that they wanted their home countries 64 (use).Xinhuas article notes that “Among 65 four, online shopping was invented and pioneered by Michael Aldrich in the U. K in 1979, while the Japanese operated the first modern high-s

20、peed rail in 1964. 66 it is Chinese people that bring the inventions to the worlds top level with 67 (they) intelligence and creativity.”Despite the origins, in recent years, a number of Chinas technological 68 (advance) have been making their moves in the world. Among them, four stand out with a re

21、putation of Chinas “four great new inventions” in modern times, 69 have made the daily life of the public more 70 (convenience).參考答案：61. comparing 62. on 63. were asked 64. to use 65. the66. But 67. their 68. advances 69. which 70. convenient三、 閱讀理解19. Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towere

22、d above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures: termites (白蟻).Termites get a bum rap. They make headlines for chewing up bi

23、llions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them.But they play a ke

24、y role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical (熱帶的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animal

25、s. But they didnt know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was h

26、it by an extreme drought (干旱). During the non-drought years, they saw there wasnt much difference between the normal plots and the ones where theyd removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slight

27、ly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell.For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real importance of termites to the system, she points out. “And that rings alarm bells in

28、 my head,” she says, “because it makes me think, well what else dont we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we dont know what that will do.”28. Which of the following best explains “a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Unfair blame.B. Wide popularity.C. Public attention.D. Special

29、preference.29. What have scientists learned about termites?A. They do serious harm to tropical rainforests.B. They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.C. They act as food for other plants, insects and animals.D. They speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest.30. What can we infer f

30、rom the finding of Griffiths experiment?A. Termites help rainforests survive climate change.B. Termites prefer drought years to non-drought ones.C. Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought.D. Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.31. What does Griffiths tell us in t

31、he last paragraph?A. Termites are now in danger of extinction.B. Termites damage biological communities.C. We should think twice before damaging a species.D. We should study the drought to improve the system.參考答案：28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了白蟻在自然界的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測題。由第二段“They make

32、 headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials.”他們因?yàn)槊磕暝诿绹淌蓴?shù)十億美元的財產(chǎn)而成為頭條新聞，他們對全球大

33、約百分之二的碳排放負(fù)有責(zé)任，這僅僅是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)丝诒姸啵蚁矚g咀嚼富含碳的材料。所以以上都在說明白蟻受到了不公正的責(zé)備。所以A選項(xiàng)“不公正的職責(zé)”能最好地解釋第2段中劃線的“a bum rap”的意思。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Scientists have known for years that in tropical (熱帶的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients

34、from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals”可知，多年以來，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道，在熱帶雨林中，白蟻會啃食落葉和枯木，控制掉落的物質(zhì)，并讓枯木中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)重新回到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，供其他植物、昆蟲和動物食用。所以關(guān)于白蟻，科學(xué)家們了解到它們?yōu)樗鼈兯畹纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段“But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard d