英語國家概況(修訂版)Chapter-15

1、A Guide to English-Speaking Countries英語國家概況CanadaGovernment and Society英語國家概況Chapter 15Government The legislature The executivethe judiciaryPolitical parties Society PopulationMulticultural society Immigration into Canada EducationElementary and secondary education Higher education Major universitie

2、s Economy One of the worlds wealthiest nations Renowned for the wealth of natural resources CONTENTa federation like the U.S. a constitutional monarchy like Britain federal system of parliamentstrong democratic traditionsOperate under the Westminster systemMajor facts about Government of Canada The

3、Westminster system is a democratic parliamentary system of government modeled after the politics of the United Kingdom. This term comes from the Palace of Westminster, the Parliament of the United Kingdom.GovernmentQueen Elizabeth II a sovereign or head of state the nominal or theoretical holder of

4、executive power holds numerous reserved powers daily duties: performing the role of a ceremonial figureheadPrime Minister (PM) a head of government a head of the executive appointed by the head of state supported by the majority of elected Members of Parliamenta multi-party systemKey Characteristics

5、Governor Generalthe federal viceregal (總督的) representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II.appointment: Queen Elizabeth II, on the advice of her Canadian prime minister only, appoints the governor general to carry out most of her constitutional and ceremonial dutiesperforms the various c

6、eremonial duties with symbolic powerTerm length: 5 yearsResidence: Rideau Hall (麗都廳), OttawaGovernment of CanadaSovereign(Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II ) Governor General(Michaelle Jean)ParliamentElection Structure of the government of CanadaWhat is a parliament？ the legislative branch of Governmen

7、t What does a parliament consist of ? the House of Commons (308 members) the Senate (105 members) What are the functions of the parliament? (193, the textbook) Frequently asked questions about Parliament the Governor General the Prime Minister the Cabinet The executive authority is actually implemen

8、ted by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet, together with junior ministers. the executive branchThe Supreme CourtThe Federal Court of AppealThe Federal CourtProvincial CourtsThe judiciaryThe Liberal Party -founded in 1867 - the largest political party - a liberal social policy - a moderate economic p

9、olicyThe Conservative Party - the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party - form the government of Canada since 2006The New Democratic Party - a democratic socialist party - founded in 1961 - the left-wing positionPolitical parties in CanadaCan you briefly describe Can

10、adas electoral system ? A single-member plurality or first-past-the-post system. In every electoral district, the candidate with the most votes wins a seat in the House of Commons and represents that electoral district as its member of Parliament.What are the main characteristics of Canadas electora

11、l democracy? - Participation, fairness and transparency - Secrecy and privacy - AdaptabilityHow often is election held in Canada? Constitutionally, elections must be held every five years, but by tradition, they are usually held at approximately four-year intervals, and can be called at any time esp

12、ecially when no single party has a majority in the House of Commons.ElectionThe second largest country in the world in terms of landmass;Ranks 35th in terms of population;more than two-fifths are Roman Catholics; nearly two-fifths are Protestants;Population not evenly distributed Facts of Canadian S

13、ociety What are the two dominant languages in Canada?Why is Canada referred to as a multicultural society? - influenced by British, French, and Aboriginal cultures and traditions - greatly influenced by immigration from all over the worldFor people who want to immigrate to Canada, what kind of proce

14、dures do they have to go through?Languages and CulturesThe following are some of the key words relating to Canadian economy. Can you reorganize the words into a speech to introduce the countrys economy in no less than 200 words?Kew words: wealthy, natural resources, economic globalization, high qual

15、ity of life, mineral deposits, foreign trade, service sector, economic prospectsEconomyVancouver portat the river mouth of Fraser (弗雷澤) in British Columbiaan ice-free deepwater portthe largest port in Canada, the Pacific Northwest, and on the West Coast of North AmericaEconomyprovided, funded and ov

16、erseen by federal, provincial, and local governmentsgenerally divided into elementary educationsecondary educationhigher education Education in CanadaIELTSfull name: International English Language Testing Systeman international standardized test of English language proficiencytwo versions: the Acade

17、mic Version and the General Training Versionaccepted by most Australian, British, Canadian, Irish, New Zealand and South African academic institutionsa requirement for immigration to Australia, New Zealand and CanadaNo minimum score is required to pass the test.An IELTS result is issued to all candi

18、dates with a score from band 1 (non-user) to band 9 (expert user) and each institution sets a different thresholdEducation in CanadaUniversity of Toronto (多倫多大學)It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as Kings CollegeThe university ranks 1st in Canada and 20th in the world in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, 1st in Canada and 28th in the Academic Ranking of World Universities, and also 1st in Canada and 17th globally in the QS World University Rankings.Education in CanadaLaval University (拉瓦爾大學)orig