高中英語(yǔ)必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Section B(共37張)

1、UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUESSection B Reading and Thinking 核心詞匯詞匯一carry sb. through sth. 幫助某人渡過(guò)難關(guān)教材原句.what carried her through a life of hard choices. 是什么支撐著她度過(guò)艱難抉擇的一生。要點(diǎn)必記carry sth. through 成功完成，順利實(shí)現(xiàn) carry out 實(shí)施；履行；執(zhí)行carry on 繼續(xù)移動(dòng) carry on sth. 從事某事carry on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 carry on with sth. （carry

2、sth. on）繼續(xù)做某事carry away 運(yùn)走 carry off 贏得；獲得；成功對(duì)付carry weight 有影響力；重要；有分量題組練領(lǐng)悟方法單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） His determination carried him the hard time.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Id be grateful if you let me carry on my job.（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Carry until you get to the crossing，and you will see a shop where you can buy envelopes.（4） If you carry on （

3、spend）money like that，you will end up in debt.（5）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)In spite of the difficulty，I will carry my plan.單句寫作（6） Its a difficult job but shes the person to （ 順利完成）.throughwithonspendingoutcarry it through詞匯二 majority n. 大部分；大多數(shù)教材原句At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the

4、majority of girls， she chose to study medicine. 18 歲時(shí)，她沒(méi)有像大多數(shù)女孩一樣走傳統(tǒng)的婚姻之路，而是選擇了學(xué)醫(yī)。要點(diǎn)必記the majority of. 大多數(shù) in a/the majority 占大多數(shù)誤區(qū)警示 the majority 單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可?！皌he majority of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。“the majority of + 不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。詞語(yǔ)積累（ 1）major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 主修課程，專業(yè)；主修某科目的學(xué)生 vi. 主修

5、 major in 主修 an English major 英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生 play a major role/part in sth. 在某事中起重要作用（ 2）minor adj. 次要的 minority n. 少數(shù)單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The （major）of the citizens in that region have been affected by the dust.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Tom and I have something in common：we both major engineering.（3） An agreement seems to be imposs

6、ible because the majority of the committee members （be）against it.寫出句中major 的詞性及含義（4）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Briefly speaking，smoking is one of the major causes of cancer. _（5） He majored in history at Stanford. _（6）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The major part of the town was ruined by the horrible earthquake. _（7） English is his major and he h

7、as no difficulty communicating with foreigners. _ majorityinare動(dòng)詞，主修形容詞，主要的形容詞，大的名詞，專業(yè)through單句寫作（8）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)One-third of the country is covered with grass and_ （大多數(shù)）the citizens live in tents.（9） In college I （主修）Natural Science. What was your major?the majority ofmajored in 詞匯三 complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；發(fā)牢

8、騷教材原句“.Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.“找一個(gè)好丈夫應(yīng)該是她們的最終目標(biāo)!” 想到高額的學(xué)費(fèi)，她哥哥抱怨道。要點(diǎn)必記（ 1）complain about. 抱怨 complain（to sb.）that. （向某人）抱怨 complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事（ 2）complaint n. 抱怨 make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某

9、人抱怨某事 a flood of complaints 大量的投訴誤區(qū)警示complain 的后面不能直接跟sb. 作賓語(yǔ)，須先加介詞to。類似的詞還有explain，announce 等。學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥v. +-t n. complain 抱怨 complaint 抱怨 weigh 稱重 weight 重量 join 連接 joint 接頭單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Mothers often complain their children wrestling on the bed.（2） He will complain having to do so much paperwork.（3） Why

10、 dont you make a complain）against your noisy neighbors?單句寫作（4）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)She （向我抱怨說(shuō)）no one could tell her the feature of the house.（5）We should think how to deal with the problems instead of _ _（抱怨別人的錯(cuò)誤）.一句多譯（6） 他總是向我抱怨生活有壓力。 He is always the stressful life. He is always the stressful plaint about about to

11、 complained to me that complaining about others mistakescomplaining to me about making a complaint to me about 詞匯四 respond（1）vt. 回答；回復(fù)（2）vi. 做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)教材原句She responded，“Id rather stay single to study all my life!”她回答說(shuō)：“我寧愿終生保持單身去學(xué)習(xí)!”要點(diǎn)必記respond to. （with sth.）回答，回復(fù)；對(duì)作出反應(yīng)respond that. 回答說(shuō)誤區(qū)警示respond 是不

12、及物動(dòng)詞，跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要加介詞to。詞語(yǔ)積累response n. 反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)in response to 作為對(duì)的答復(fù)/ 反應(yīng)make a response（to）（對(duì)）做出回應(yīng)/反應(yīng)單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)After all，knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly emergencies.（2） He made no （respond）to my question，and went on with his movie.（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)We complained to the travel agenc

13、y about the terrible service during our trip，but no one （respond）by now.單句寫作（4） How did they （對(duì)作出反應(yīng)）the news?（5）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He （沒(méi)有回復(fù)）my congratulation letter. to response has respondedrespond to made no response to/didnt respond to詞匯五reject vt. 拒絕接受；不錄用；冷落教材原句Dr Lin，however，rejected the offer. 然而，林醫(yī)生拒絕了這個(gè)提議

14、。要點(diǎn)必記（1）reject ones idea/suggestion/plan 拒絕接受某人的想法/ 建議/ 計(jì)劃 reject an argument/a decision/an offer 拒絕接受一個(gè)論點(diǎn)/ 一個(gè)決定/ 一項(xiàng)提議（2）rejection n. 拒絕接受；否決 a rejection letter 一封回絕信詞語(yǔ)辨析reject 與refusereject vt. 正式用詞，“摒棄，不采用，不使用”。refuse vi. & vt. 普通用詞，“拒絕”。refuse sb. sth. 拒絕某人某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） He （r

15、eject）by the army because of his poor eyesight last year.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Although writing a （reject）letter can be difficult， there are situations where its absolutely necessary.辨析填空（reject/refuse）（3） He loves his daughter so much that he can her nothing.（4） Ive been by all the companies I applied to.（5）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)I

16、 absolutely to take part in anything thats illegal.（6） When she was sent to a boarding school，she felt by her parents.was rejected rejection refuse rejected refuse rejected 詞匯六appoint vt. 任命；委派教材原句In 1941，Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of

17、 the PUMC Hospital.1941 年，林醫(yī)生成為第一位被 任命為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科主任的中國(guó)女性要點(diǎn)必記（1）appoint sb. to be. 任命某人擔(dān)任 appoint sb. as. 任命某人擔(dān)任 appoint a time 約定的時(shí)間（2）appointed adj. 約定的，指定的 at the appointed time 在約定的時(shí)間（3）appointment n. 任命；約定 make an appointment with sb. 與某人約會(huì) break/keep an appointment 爽約/ 守約 by appointment 按照約定 an

18、appointment letter 任命書單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse_（appoint）to guard her.（2） I hate to rush you，but I have another （appoint）.（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)To his joy，he （appoint）as manager. After all， this represented his ability. And the moment he received the_ （ appoint）let

19、ter，he called and made an （appoint）with his former teacher，for whose help he was grateful.單句寫作（4） 在任何情況下我們都不能失約。 In no case should we fail to .（5） 這位農(nóng)業(yè)專家僅憑預(yù)約才能見(jiàn)到。 The agricultural expert can only be visited .appointedappointed was appointed appointmentappointment keep an appointment by appointment 詞

20、匯七 elect vt. （1）選舉；推選（2）選擇，決定做某事教材原句In 1954，she was elected to the first National Peoples Congress.1954 年，她被選舉參加第一屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)要點(diǎn)必記（1）elect sb. （as）. 選舉某人為 elect to do sth. 決定做某事 the newly elected president 新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)（2）election n. 選舉；推選；當(dāng)選 win an election 在選舉中獲勝 a round of election 一輪選舉 hold an election 舉行

21、選舉 election results 選舉結(jié)果單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Congratulations! I heard you have been （elect）as chairman.（2） An increasing number of people elect （work）at home.（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The year 1789 saw the first （elect）in American history where a majority of people （elect）George Washington the first president.單句寫作（4） Who do y

22、ou think will （在下次選舉中獲勝）?（5）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Faced with their failure in （第一輪選舉）the party didnt lose heart.electedto workelectionelectedaswin the next electionthe first round of the election詞匯八 tend vt. 照顧；照料 vi. 傾向；趨于教材原句She was more interested in tending patients. 她對(duì)照顧病人更感興趣。要點(diǎn)必記tend（to）sb./sth. 照料/ 護(hù)理某人/ 照管某事

23、物tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事tend to/towards 傾向于，趨于詞語(yǔ)積累tendency n. 趨勢(shì)；傾向a tendency to do sth. 做某事的傾向單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Typically，people tend （make）mistakes when tired.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The nurses were tending those injured by firecrackers.（3） I have a tendency （talk）too much when nervous.（4） The modern furniture de

24、signs tend simplicity.單句寫作（5） People （往往需要）less sleep as they get older.to maketoto talktowardstend to need詞匯九 retire vi. & vt. 退休；退職；退出教材原句Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died，22 April 1983. 林醫(yī)生直到1983 年4 月22 日去世才退休。要點(diǎn)必記（1）retire.from 從退休 retire.as 從職位上退休 retire from office 退職 retire from se

25、rvice 退役（2）retired adj. 退職的，退休的 a retired teacher 一位退休教師（3）retirement n. 退職，退休 take early retirement 提前退休單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） He has agreed to struggle on，though he hopes to retire his position.（2） They will hold a party in celebration of her （retire）.（3） The other day a （retire）couple came to my office.單句寫作（4

26、） My father （從退休）teaching 3 years ago.fromretirementretiredretired from詞匯十principle n. 道德原則；法則；原則教材原句What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life? 指導(dǎo)林醫(yī)生在她的一生中做出這些選擇的主要原則是什么？要點(diǎn)必記stick to ones principles 堅(jiān)持原則be against ones principles 違背某人的原則as a matter of principle 作為原則問(wèn)

27、題in principle 原則上；大體上單句寫作（1） Anyway，I cant cheat in the examsits （ 違背我的原則）.（2） （原則上），the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler.（3） Though poor，he still （堅(jiān)持他的原則）.against my principles In principle sticks to his principles詞匯十一 scared adj. 害怕的；對(duì)感到驚慌或恐懼的教材原句She was so scared durin

28、g the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 她在面試時(shí)嚇得完全忘了該如何回答這些問(wèn)題。要點(diǎn)必記be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared of sth. 害怕某物be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared that. 害怕詞語(yǔ)積累scare n. 驚嚇 vt. 驚嚇；使害怕 vi. 受驚嚇I(yè)t scares sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人感到害怕。scare.away/off 嚇走/ 嚇跑sca

29、re sb. into doing sth. 威脅/ 恐嚇某人做某事scare sb. to death 把某人嚇得要死scary adj. 恐怖的，嚇人的a scary movie 恐怖電影單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） When we are getting excited，angry or （scare），our bodies also go through many physical changes.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The turkey was scared at the sight of us.（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)I really thought I was going to fallit was a

30、（ scare）moment.（4）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The atmosphere was and we felt staying in the room.（scare）單句寫作（5） Many customers have been （被嚇得買）organic food.（6） The local farmers used to light a fire （ 嚇跑）the wolves.（7） She was （害怕進(jìn)入）the yard because she was_ （害怕被咬）by the big dog lying at the gate.scaredaway/offscaryscarysc

31、aredscared into buyingto scare away/offscared to go intoscared of being bitten詞匯十二sharp（1）adj. （增長(zhǎng)、下跌等）急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的；鮮明的； 敏銳的；（語(yǔ)言）尖刻的；劇烈的；急轉(zhuǎn)的 （2）adv. （用于時(shí)間后表示準(zhǔn)時(shí)）整教材原句Many Americans complain about the sharp increase in the cost of health care and health insurance recently. 許多美國(guó)人抱怨最近醫(yī)療保健和醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用的急劇增加。要點(diǎn)必

32、記sharp-eyed 目光敏銳的 a sharp tongue 說(shuō)話刻薄a sharp sense of humour 很強(qiáng)的幽默感 a sharp increase 急劇增加be sharp with 對(duì)說(shuō)話刻薄 a sharp bend/turn 急轉(zhuǎn)彎詞語(yǔ)積累sharply adv. 急劇地，大幅度地；嚴(yán)厲地，毫不客氣地fall sharply 急劇下降sharpen vt. （使）變得鋒利寫出下列句中sharp 的含義（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Unfortunately，I cut my foot on a sharp stone and caught my hair on a branch.

33、_ （2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)As we all know，an eagle has sharp eyesight. _（3）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)When we got to the church it was seven oclock sharp. _（4） All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. _（5） Suddenly，he felt a sharp pain in the stomach. _（6）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He fainted when riding to work. The bike made a sharp turn to the left. _單句語(yǔ)法

34、填空（7） The price of petrol has risen （sharp）since last month.（8）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The pencil doesnt write well；I should （sharp）it before I draw the great figure.（9）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He was sharp his colleagues when they werelate.尖的敏銳的整清晰的劇烈的急轉(zhuǎn)的sharplysharpenwith詞匯十三 energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充滿活力的教材原句One of the advantages of hiring

35、energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn . 雇用精力充沛、積極向上的年輕人的好處之一是，他們往往對(duì)自己的工作表現(xiàn)出興趣，并且渴望學(xué)習(xí)。要點(diǎn)必記be energetic in doing 積極地做 an energetic boy 一個(gè)精力充沛的男孩詞語(yǔ)積累energy n. 活力，精力；能源，能量 be full of energy 精力充沛have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事 a

36、pply/devote ones energies to. 把某人的精力花上詞語(yǔ)辨析 strength，force，energy 與 power易混詞辨析strength 體力；強(qiáng)度；強(qiáng)項(xiàng) force 武力，暴力；部隊(duì)energy 精力，活力；能量power 權(quán)力；能力；動(dòng)力單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The teenagers have many virtues，who are lively and （energy）.（2） He works so hard that he doesnt have the energy （exercise）.單句寫作（3） You are always （精力

37、充沛的）. Can you tell me the secret?（4） Do you wake up every morning （感到精力充沛）and ready to start a new day?辨析填空（strength/force/energy/power）（5） The army officer，full of and great ，finally took by .（這位軍官精力充沛，力氣巨大，終于以武力奪取了政權(quán)。）（6）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)I hold the belief that knowledge is .（7）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)The peace-keeping marched int

38、o the country.（8）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Among the staff，he has no match in .（9） Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of .energeticto exercisefull of energyfeeling energeticenergystrengthforcepowerforcestrengthenergypower詞匯十四 replace vt. 接替；取代；更換教材原句The student union will hold a s

39、pecial meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary. 學(xué)生會(huì)將在1 月份舉行一次特別會(huì)議，選舉一個(gè)人來(lái)代替秘書。要點(diǎn)必記replace A with B 用 B 代替 Areplacement n. 替換；更換；接替者a replacement for 的替代品/ 替補(bǔ)歸納拓展“代替”的表達(dá)法：replace，in place of，take the place of，in ones place，take ones place，instead of單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He replaced the pud

40、ding mashed potatoes.（2） It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should （replace）with a modern hotel or not.（3） If your passport is stolen，you should apply for a （replace） immediately.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（4） There is something wrong with my bike，so I decide to replace it with a new one. There is s

41、omething wrong with my bike，so I decide to use a new one_it. withbe replacedreplacementin place of 重點(diǎn)句式 句式一 “否定詞+ 比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)含義教材原句To a person nothing is more precious than their life. 對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么比生命更珍貴了句式分析“ 否定詞 + 比較級(jí)”，即形容詞的比較級(jí)用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以表示最高級(jí)含義。學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥其他表示最高級(jí)的句型：the + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍 =.than any other + 單數(shù)名詞

42、=.than all the othersnot so.as 和cant too.to/can nevertoo.to 也可以表示最高級(jí)。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Im really grateful for your help；nobody else could do （much）.（2）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)Nobody loves money better he does；he takes advantage of every chance to make money.（3） No one is so blind those who wont see.（4） You can not be carefu

43、l when crossing the street.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（5） He is the most helpful student in his class. You cant find student in his class. He is more helpful than student in his class. He is more helpful than students in his class.morethanastooa more helpfulany otherall the other句式二 would rather 寧愿教材原句She responded，“Id r

44、ather stay single to study all my life!”她回答說(shuō)，“我寧愿終生保持單身去學(xué)習(xí)！”句式分析 “ would rather + 動(dòng)詞原形 /have done” 表示“寧愿做某事/ 寧愿做過(guò)某事”。要點(diǎn)必記would rather do. than do.寧愿做而不愿做= would do. rather than do.= prefer to do. rather than do.would rather（not）do/have done.寧愿（不）做would rather+ 從句誤區(qū)警示would rather 后接從句時(shí)，若表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；若表示與過(guò)去情況相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） She would rather （move）to another city immediately.（2） Jane would rather （be）more careful at that time.（3） Id rather you （meet）her at the airport tomorrow morning.（4）詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He compla