廣東省普通高中高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試 Unit 1 Great scientists課件 新人教必修5

1、高中英語(yǔ) 必 修Unit1 Great scientists12021/8/8 星期日2單詞1. conclude vt.& vi. 結(jié)束；推斷出2. defeat vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝 n. 失敗3. cure vt. 治愈；治療 n. 治愈；治療4. challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn) vt.向挑戰(zhàn)5. blame vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n. 過(guò)失；責(zé)備 2021/8/8 星期日3單詞6. pollute vt. 污染； 弄臟7. announce vt. 宣布；通告 8. attend vt. 照顧；護(hù)理；出席，參加 9. suspect vt. 認(rèn)為；懷疑 n. 被懷疑者 10. contrib

2、ute vt.& vi. 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助2021/8/8 星期日4短語(yǔ)1. put forward 提出2. draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論3. exposeto 使顯露；暴露4. linkto 將和聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)5. apart from 除之外；此外6. (be) strict with 對(duì)嚴(yán)格要求7. make sense 講得通；有意義2021/8/8 星期日5短語(yǔ)8. be determined to do 決心做9. be to blame 應(yīng)當(dāng)受到責(zé)備10. look into 調(diào)查11. die of 死于12. preventfrom 阻止做13. lead

3、to 導(dǎo)致14. at times 有時(shí) 2021/8/8 星期日6考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)1defeat vt.打?。粦?zhàn)勝n. 失敗 拓展：win v. 贏；贏得；獲勝；獲得(比賽或獎(jiǎng)品等，即表示物的名詞)練習(xí)：(1)They refused to acknowledge_他們拒絕承認(rèn)失敗。(2)You cannot_ us.你們無(wú)法戰(zhàn)勝我們。(3)I _ the match yesterday.我贏了昨天那場(chǎng)比賽。defeatdefeatwon2021/8/8 星期日7考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)2cure v& n治愈；治療(主要指治愈疾病)搭配：cure sb. of a disease 醫(yī)好某人的病拓展：treat v

4、治療(普通用詞，指接受并診治病人)練習(xí)： (1)We must help to_ him_ stealing.我們必須幫助他改掉偷竊的惡習(xí)。(2)We have to reach and _ more patients.我們必須接受和治愈更多的病人。cureofcure2021/8/8 星期日8考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)3pollute vt. 污染； 弄臟拓展：【派生詞】pollution n. 污染；污染物 polluted adj.被污染的，受污染的練習(xí)：(1)We love the sea，yet we _ it.我們熱愛(ài)大海，然而我們卻污染了它。(2)Do what you can to avoid

5、air_力所能及，阻止空氣污染。(3)_ water is not suitable for drinking.受污染的水不適合飲用。pollutepollutionPolluted2021/8/8 星期日9考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)4attend vt. 照顧；護(hù)理；出席，參加拓展：【派生詞】attendance n出席；到場(chǎng)練習(xí)：(1)He mistook the time and did not _ the meeting.他誤時(shí)了，以致沒(méi)有參加那個(gè)會(huì)議。(2) _ _ of this class never dropped off.這個(gè)班的出席率從未下降過(guò)。(3)There was no one _ _

6、 him but Tina. 除了蒂娜，再無(wú)人照顧他了。attendThe attendanceattendto2021/8/8 星期日10考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)5contribute vi.& vt.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助拓展：【派生詞】contributive adj.貢獻(xiàn)的 contribution n貢獻(xiàn)搭配： contribute to 有助于；捐獻(xiàn)；帶來(lái)；促成 make a contribution to捐贈(zèng)；貢獻(xiàn)給；為做出貢獻(xiàn)練習(xí)：(1)Everyone should make a _ to protecting the environment.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)為保護(hù)環(huán)境做貢獻(xiàn)。(2)Does smok

7、ing _ _ lung cancer? 吸煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎？(3)Proper rest and enough sleep _ _ longevity.適當(dāng)?shù)男菹⒑妥銐虻乃哂幸嬗陂L(zhǎng)壽。contributioncontribute tocontribute to2021/8/8 星期日11考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)6exposeto 使顯露；暴露拓展：be exposed to 遭受；暴露于練習(xí)：(1)_ himself to love equals to expose himself to suffering.將自己暴露在愛(ài)面前，就是將自己暴露在傷害面前。(2)We _ _ our children to h

8、orrors. 我們不應(yīng)該讓孩子看恐怖片。(3)This plant cant _ _ _ strong sunlight.這種植物不能暴露于強(qiáng)光下。Exposeshouldnt exposebe exposed to2021/8/8 星期日12考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)7(be) strict with 對(duì)(某人)嚴(yán)格要求拓展：be strict in 對(duì) (某事)要求嚴(yán)格練習(xí)：(1)One should_ _ _ oneself. 一個(gè)人應(yīng)對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格。 (2)It is often necessary _ _ _ _ children for their own benefit. 嚴(yán)格要求孩子往往是必要

9、的，這樣對(duì)他們有好處。(3)Students should _ _ _ their subjects. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格對(duì)待自己的課程。be strict withto be strictwithbe strict in2021/8/8 星期日13考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)8be determined to do 決心做練習(xí)：(1)He_ _ _ cut through the difficulties. 他下決心要克服困難。(2)The young men_ _ _ fight it out. 這些年輕人決心斗爭(zhēng)到底。(3)My teachers talk woke me up，and I_ _ _ study

10、 harder.老師的話激發(fā)了我，我決心更努力地學(xué)習(xí)。was determined towas determined are determined toto2021/8/8 星期日14考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)9preventfrom 阻止做拓展：【近義詞】keep / stopfrom 阻止做練習(xí)：(1)Nobody can_ him _ running the risk. 沒(méi)有人能夠阻止他去冒險(xiǎn)。(2)What can we do_ _ the disease spreading? 我們能做什么來(lái)防止這種疾病蔓延呢？(3)We must at all costs_ them from finding out

11、 about the plan.我們無(wú)論如何不能讓他們探知這個(gè)計(jì)劃。prevent fromto preventprevent2021/8/8 星期日15考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)10lead to 導(dǎo)致；通向拓展：【近義詞組】cause v. 引起；使發(fā)生 result in 導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是 account for 導(dǎo)致，引起練習(xí)：(1)These bad habits can _ _ tooth diseases.這些壞習(xí)慣會(huì)導(dǎo)致牙齒疾病。(2)The accident was _ by a car driver at a high speed.這場(chǎng)事故是由一輛高速行駛的汽車(chē)引起的。(3)Stress and

12、 tiredness often _ _ a lack of concentration.緊張和疲勞常使人精神不集中。lead toresult in/lead tocaused2021/8/8 星期日16考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)11be to blame 應(yīng)當(dāng)受到責(zé)備；應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任練習(xí)：(1)Not only you but (also) I_ _ _. 不僅你，連我都要受責(zé)難。(2)He shouldnt _ _ _ under the circumstances. 在這種情況下，他不應(yīng)該受到指責(zé)。(3)I am wrong. Similarly，you _ _ _. 我錯(cuò)了。同樣地，你也該受到譴責(zé)。am

13、to blameare to be to blameblame2021/8/8 星期日17語(yǔ)法精講過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)有前置和后置兩種情況。(1)前置定語(yǔ)單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，表示被動(dòng)和完成意義，或既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成。例如：an honored guest (表被動(dòng)意義) 一位受尊敬的客人The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. (既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成)受傷的工人現(xiàn)正在醫(yī)院受到良好的照料。a retired teacher(表完成意義)一位

14、退休的教師They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.(表完成意義)他們正在打掃院子里的落葉。2021/8/8 星期日18語(yǔ)法精講(2)后置定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在被修飾的名詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。例如： This will be the best novel of its kind ever writtenThis will be the best novel of its kind that has ever been written.這將是這類小說(shuō)中寫(xiě)得最好的。 Who were the socalled gues

15、ts invited to your party last night?Who were the socalled guests who had been invited to your party last night?昨晚被邀請(qǐng)參加你的晚會(huì)的那些所謂的客人是誰(shuí)呀？2021/8/8 星期日19語(yǔ)法精講2過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞主要來(lái)自及物動(dòng)詞，在“主+系+表”句型中，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所處的一種狀態(tài)。其中系動(dòng)詞有包括be動(dòng)詞在內(nèi)的多種形式。例如： You seem frightened你看樣子受了驚嚇。少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞(如go，come，set)的過(guò)去分詞也能作表語(yǔ)，但它們不表示被動(dòng)意義，只是表示

16、動(dòng)作完成。例如： They are gone for vacation.他們度假去了。2021/8/8 星期日20語(yǔ)法精講注意：要區(qū)分“系動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(系表結(jié)構(gòu))” 和 “系動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))”。例如：A：The library is closed at six.圖書(shū)館6點(diǎn)鐘關(guān)門(mén)。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))B：The library is now closed. 圖書(shū)館現(xiàn)在關(guān)門(mén)了。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))說(shuō)明：作表語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主謂關(guān)系。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞前可加quite，very，rather等修飾。系動(dòng)詞可有多種，表示不同的意義。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，絕大多數(shù)被動(dòng)結(jié)

17、構(gòu)中的行為執(zhí)行者還可以用by短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。因此，我們不難看出在上面兩句中，A句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，B句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2021/8/8 星期日21語(yǔ)法精講練習(xí)：用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1Most of the artists _(invite)to the party were from South Africa. 2The computer center，_(open)last year，is very popular among the students in this school. 3Cleaning women in big cities usually get _(pay)by the

18、hour.4 How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? The key to _(solve)the problem is to meet the demand _ (make)by the customers.invitedopenedplayedsolvingmade2021/8/8 星期日22語(yǔ)法精講練習(xí)：用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。5Dont use words，expressions，or phrases _(know)only to people with specific knowledge. 6_ (speak)English is different from _ (write)English in many ways.7The woman _ (sit)there under the tree，_(dress)in