建筑英語(yǔ)-6課件

1、建筑英語(yǔ)主講：杜鵑ARCHITECTURE ENGLISHArchitecture School of SIASUNIT FiveWORLD FAMOUS BUILDINGSI believe that architecture is a pragmatic art. To become art it must be built on a foundation of necessity. It is easy to say that the art of architecture is everything, but how difficult it is to introduce the c

2、onscious intervention of an artistic imagination without straying from the context of life. Ieoh Ming Peis Acceptance speech of the Pritzker Architecture Prize Architecture TimelineAncient Egypt 古埃及建筑Classical 古典式Byzantine 拜占庭式Romanesque 羅馬式Gothic 哥特式風(fēng)格Renaissance 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期 Baroque & Rococo 巴洛克和洛可可Neoc

3、lassicism 新古典主義Art Nouveau 新藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)Beaux Arts 美術(shù)學(xué)院派風(fēng)格Art Deco 裝飾藝術(shù)風(fēng)格Modernist Styles 現(xiàn)代主義Postmodernism 后現(xiàn)代主義 Ieoh Ming Pei Place Ville-Marie cruciform tower Montreal,Quebec 1958 National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado 1967John F. Kennedy Library Boston, Massachusetts 1979Fragrant Hil

4、l Hotel Beijing, China 1982Fountain Place Dallas, Texas 1986Bank of China Tower Hong Kong, China 1989Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum Cleveland, Ohio 1995Miho Museum Shiga, Japan 1997 Suzhou MuseumNew Wings Suzhou , China 2006Museum of Islamic Art Doha , Qatar 2008Macao Science Center Macau, Ch

5、ina 2009 Ieoh Ming Peis worksPlace Ville-Marie cruciform tower National Center for Atmospheric ResearchIeoh Ming Peis worksJohn F. Kennedy LibraryIeoh Ming Peis worksFragrant Hill HotelIeoh Ming Peis worksMiho MuseumIeoh Ming Peis worksSuzhou MuseumNew WingsIeoh Ming Peis worksMuseum of Islamic Art

6、Louvre MuseumLouvre Museum課文翻譯 Paragraph2With each new addition, under each new ruler, the palace-turned-museum continued to make history. Its distinctive double-pitched mansard roof inspired the design of many 18th century buildings in Paris and throughout Europe and the United States. The Louvre i

7、s the most famous of the Grand ProjectsMitterrands 15 billion franc program to provide a series of modern monuments to symbolize Frances central role in art, politics, and world economy at the end of the 20th century.隨著每一次新的添加，在每一個(gè)新的統(tǒng)治者統(tǒng)治之下，這座由宮殿轉(zhuǎn)型而成的博物館不斷地創(chuàng)造歷史。其鮮明的雙傾斜的復(fù)折式屋頂給予了眾多巴黎乃至整個(gè)歐洲和美國(guó)的18世紀(jì)建筑設(shè)計(jì)

8、以靈感。盧浮宮是最知名的大項(xiàng)目之一 法國(guó)總統(tǒng)密特朗的150億法郎計(jì)劃，用以建設(shè)一系列現(xiàn)代紀(jì)念物，象征著在20世紀(jì)末法國(guó)在藝術(shù)，政治和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中的中心的作用。Pitched: a. (of a roof) sloping from a ridge; not flat （指屋頂）傾斜的, 坡的.Mansard roofAmansardormansard roof(also called aFrench rooforcurb roof) is a four-sidedgambrel-stylehip roofcharacterized by two slopes on each of its sid

9、es with the lower slope, punctured bydormer windows, at a steeper angle than the upper. The steep roof with windows creates an additionalfloorof habitable space, (agarret), and reduces the overall height of the roof for a given number of habitable storeys. The upper slope of the roof may not be visi

10、ble from street level when viewed from close proximity to the building.The Glass Pyramid 課文翻譯 Paragraph3-3It was Peis intention to utilize a large number of small members rather than a few larger ones to allow a better transparency. The diagonal panes have diagonals of 9.84 feet and 6.23 feet and th

11、e triangular panes are half of this size. The structure rests on four massive posts of reinforced concrete and steel which extend over two floors into the foundation below.貝聿銘意圖利用大量的小構(gòu)件而非幾個(gè)較大的，使得金字塔能有更好的透明度。這些斜窗格的對(duì)角線為9.84英尺長(zhǎng)和6.23英尺寬，而三角形窗格是其一半大小。該結(jié)構(gòu)依賴于四個(gè)巨大的鋼筋混凝土和鋼材支樁，越過(guò)兩層樓板延伸至其下的基礎(chǔ)。diagonal ： a./ n.

12、 對(duì)角線的；斜的；斜的The Glass Pyramid 課文翻譯 Paragraph 4The main Pyramid is basically a complex inter-linked steel structure covered in reflective glass. In fact it is an entrance doorway providing a long entrance portico the main galleries of the Louvre. As one descends into the interior entrance foyer, the d

13、ramatic nature of the intervention becomes apparent. The main Pyramid, which certainly disturbs the balance of the old Louvre courtyard, is countered by two (?)smaller pyramids, which provide further light and ventilation to the subterranean spaces.主金字塔基本是由反光玻璃覆面的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的復(fù)雜鋼結(jié)構(gòu)組成。事實(shí)上，它是一個(gè)入口大門，為盧浮宮的主要畫廊

14、提供一個(gè)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的門廊。當(dāng)人下到內(nèi)部入口的門廳時(shí)，這種干預(yù)的戲劇性本質(zhì)就變得很明顯。主要的金字塔顯然擾亂了舊盧浮宮庭院的平衡，然而，這被兩個(gè)較小的金字塔所抵消，其為地下空間提供進(jìn)一步的采光和通風(fēng)。portico ： n. 柱廊的門廊 ventilation ： n. 通風(fēng) subterranean： adj. 地下的The Glass Pyramid The pyramids課文翻譯 Paragraph 5It is not so much the pyramid , but the entrance space that it covers that is the most important

15、part of the project . The brilliance of making an entrance to the worlds largest art museum by hollowing-out its plaza and constructing underground connections to its various wings could easily be lost amidst the unmistakable iconography of the pyramid. The entrance has rationalized and opened up th

16、e collections of the Louvre to the throngs of museum-goers who visit its collections. 與其說(shuō)是金字塔，不如說(shuō)是入口空間涵蓋了項(xiàng)目中最重要的部分。通過(guò)挖空了廣場(chǎng)并建設(shè)地下部分連接其多個(gè)側(cè)廳，這種建造一個(gè)通往世界上最大的藝術(shù)博物館的入口的輝煌之處很容易在金字塔明確無(wú)誤的意象中遺失。這個(gè)入口使其合理化，并為成群結(jié)隊(duì)涌入盧浮宮來(lái)參觀藏品的博物館游客們打開(kāi)了參觀之門。amidst :prep. 在.當(dāng)中 iconography ： n. 圖解 throng： n. 群集, 人群課文翻譯 Paragraph 6-1Thr

17、oughout, the restrained detailing of the stone walls and floor, simple geometries, and generously proportioned spaces serve as an appropriate backdrop against both new and old. The intricate steel connections and rods that support the pyramid are a 20th century expression equivalent to the ornate ca

18、rving in the masonry facades of the Palace of Louvre. The project also included the construction of a shopping mall, a cultural center, an auditorium, and parking garages.自始至終，石頭墻壁和地板克制的細(xì)節(jié)，簡(jiǎn)單的幾何形狀，和寬敞勻稱的空間都作為支撐新舊的合適背景。錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的鋼連接和鋼桿支撐起整個(gè)金字塔，這是一種20世紀(jì)的表達(dá)方式，等同于盧浮宮的磚石外墻上華麗的雕刻裝飾。該項(xiàng)目還包括建設(shè)一個(gè)購(gòu)物商場(chǎng)、一個(gè)文化中心、一個(gè)禮堂和車

19、庫(kù)。proportion： v. 使成比例, 使均衡 rod：n. 竿, 小枝, 笞鞭課文翻譯 Paragraph7-1After Peis former firm, Pei Cobb Freed, completed the 70-foot-tall Pyramids of Louvre and 665,000-square-foot underground entry and concourse in 1989, Pei and museum officials agreed to move forward. Pei has confirmed that he is developing

20、a solution to manage overcrowding in the Louvres entrance. Pei says attendance at the Louvre has increased almost 70 percent since the popular project was completed, and now hosts 7.5 million visitors each year.貝聿銘之前所在的事務(wù)所貝科布弗雷德于1989年完成了這個(gè)盧浮宮前70英尺高的金字塔和665,000平方英尺的地下入口及大堂，在此之后，貝聿銘和博物館官員同意繼續(xù)向前推進(jìn)。貝已經(jīng)證

21、實(shí)，他正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種解決方案以解決盧浮宮入口人滿為患的問(wèn)題。貝說(shuō)，自民心工程完成之后，參觀盧浮宮的人流增加了近70，現(xiàn)在每年承載750萬(wàn)人次的客流。concourse ：n. 寬敞的大廳; 廣場(chǎng) attendance： n. 出席, 出席的人數(shù)課文翻譯 Paragraph7-2Consequently, the public space has become crowded and loud, and has lost much of the peaceful aura the architect originally intended “ Its a real concern for me,”

22、 says Pei, who had anticipated a less dramatic jump in attendance after his “Grand Louvre” project was completed. Pei does not yet know the specific measures his team will carry out, but he says that a resolution should be sympathetic to the surrounding architecture. He adds that it should also allow visitors to access the collections despite construction.結(jié)果，公共空間變得擁擠而嘈雜，并且已經(jīng)失去了建筑師原先期望的寧?kù)o氣氛 “這才是我真正擔(dān)心的，”貝在他的大盧浮宮項(xiàng)目竣工之時(shí)，曾預(yù)計(jì)人流量不會(huì)那么顯著的增加。貝還不知道他的團(tuán)隊(duì)將采用何種具體的措施，但他說(shuō)解決方案應(yīng)該是與周圍的建筑相協(xié)調(diào)。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，它也應(yīng)該允許參觀者在不受施工影響下訪問(wèn)收藏品。Aura ：n. 氛圍; 氣氛 jump：n. （數(shù)額 價(jià)格或價(jià)值的）突增, 突升