2013考研英語(yǔ)二全真模擬試卷12

1、啟用前2012 年入學(xué)管理類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)位聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷12考生注意事項(xiàng)1.2.考生必須嚴(yán)格遵守各項(xiàng)考場(chǎng)規(guī)則。 答題前，考生應(yīng)將答題卡上的“考生填寫(xiě)清楚，并與準(zhǔn)考證上的一致?！薄ⅰ皥?bào)考”、“考生”等信息3.必須按要求填涂或?qū)懺谥付ǖ拇痤}卡上。（1） 英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用、閱讀理解 A 部分的填涂在答題卡上，閱讀理解 B 部分、英譯漢的和作文的寫(xiě)在答題紙上。（2） 填涂部分應(yīng)該按照答題卡上的要求用 2B 鉛筆完成。如要改動(dòng)，必須用橡皮擦干凈。書(shū)寫(xiě)部分（英譯漢的和作文）必須用藍(lán)（黑）色字跡鋼筆、圓珠筆或簽字筆在答題卡上作答。4. 答題卡嚴(yán)禁折疊。交給監(jiān)考人，嚴(yán)禁在結(jié)束后，將答題卡和答題紙一起放入原試卷袋中，試卷袋上填

2、寫(xiě)任何信息。Section IUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered band mark A, B, C or D an ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 pos)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,ellectual, and physical changest young adultsexperience. And they also need to give serious 1 to ho

3、w they can best 2 suchchanges. Growing bodies need movement and 3. but not just in wayst emphasizecompetition. 4they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of newellectualand emotional challenges, teenagers are espelly self-conscious and need the 5tcomes from achieving sucs and knowingt

4、their accomplishments are 6 by others.However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competitiont it would be 7to plan activities in which there are more winnersn losers,8 . publishingnewsletters with many student-written book reviews,9student artwork, and sponsoringopportunit

5、ies forbook discusclubs. A variety of small clubs can provide10leadership, as well as for practice in sucsful11dynamics. Making friends is extremelyimportant to teenagers, and many shy students need the12of some kind ofanizationwisupportive adult 13visiblehe background.hese activities, it is importa

6、nt to remembert young teens have 14attentionspans. A variety of activities should beanized 15participants can remain active aslong as they want and then go on to16else without feeling guilty and without letting theotharticipants17 . This does not meant adults must accept irresponsibility. 18they can

7、 help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19for roles20 and their attention spans and by having clearly sed rules.t are withheir A thoughtA strengthenA careA ifA assistanceA claimedA improperA in effectA displayingA durabA groupA consentA particularlyA similarA if onlyB ideaB accommodate B nut

8、ritionB although B guidance B admired B riskyB as a resultB describingC opinion C stimulate C exercise C whereasC confidence C ignoredC fairD advice D enhance D leisure D becauseD tolerance D surpassed D wiseD in a sense D exchanging D multipleD corporation D securityD rarely D shortD even ifC for e

9、xC creating C surplusleexsiveB individual B insurance B barelyB lonCC admisnelC definiyifferentB nowtC sotA everythingA oA on the contraryA makingA capabilitiesB anything downB on the average B standingB responsibilitiesC nothing C outC on the whole C planningC proficiencyD something D alonethe othe

10、r hand D takingD efficiencySectioIReading ComprehenPart ADirections ： Read the following four passagges. Answer thequestions below each passage bychoosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 pos)Text 1Whats hot for 2007 among the very rich? A &7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to T

11、anzania to t wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like Gee Soros have been railing against income inequality foryears. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December,

12、 Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U.S.NEWS & World Report. which he owns. Our nations core bargain with the middle class is dis egrating. lamented( 哀嘆) the 117th-richest man in America. Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top ofthe income ladder, average income for a house

13、hold of people of working age. by contrast, has fallenfive years in a row. He notedt Tens of millions of Americans live in feart a major healthproblem can reduce them to bruptcy.Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckermans anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-classAmericans. Its an outraget any

14、Americans life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went brupt and ended health-care coverage. said the formerchairman of theernational Steel Group.Whats happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes topolitics and policy.

15、Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures likeincreasing the minimum wage, and efforts by Californiasernor to offer universal health care,these guyst need their ownal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.Itssiblet plutocrats(有錢(qián)有勢(shì)的人)are expressing solidarity wi

16、th the struggling middleclass as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory（沒(méi)收性的）tax policies. But theprospectt income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesnt keep plutocrats up atnight. They can live withNo, what they fear wast.t the political challenges of sustai

17、ning support flobal economicegration will be more difficulthe United Ses because of whas happened to thedistribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle finanlly as the ultrawealthygrow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to

18、maain political support for the free flow ofgoods, servi, and capital across borders, and when the United Ses plaobstacleshe wayof foreign investors and foreign goods, its likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad, for peoplewho buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all aroun

19、d the would,nightmare.ts the real21. What is the current topic of common A.the fate of the ultrawealthy people.B.the disegration of the middle class.erest among the very rich in America?C. the inequalityhe distribution of wealth.D. the confilict betn the left and the right wing.22. What do we learn

20、from Mortimer Zuckermans lamenion?A. many middle-income famis have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.B. the American economic system has caused many companies to go brupt.C. the American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.D. the majority of Americans benefit little

21、 from the nations growing wealth.From the fifth paragraph we can learnthe very rich are fashion-consciousthe very rich are politically sensitivet .C. universal healh care is to be implemented throughout AmericaD. congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wageWhat is the real reason fo

22、r plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?they want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.B. they knowt the middle class contributes most to society.C. they want to gain support flobal economicegrationD. they feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.25. What may

23、happen if the United Ses plaobstaciesforeign goods?he way of foreign investors andA. the priof imported goods will inevitably soarcontrol.the investors will have to make great efforts to re-allocate capital.the wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders.foreign countries will place

24、 the same economic barriers in return.Text 2Earlynamed Victorhe age of affluence (富裕)t followed World War ，an American retailingystow proclaimed, “ Our enormously productive economy.demandst we makeconsumption our way oflife,t we convert the buying and use of goodso rituals,t we seekour spiritual sa

25、tisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up,worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.Americans have responded toows call, and much of the world has followed.Consumptionhas become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embe

26、dded in sol values. Opinionsurveyshe worlds two largest economics-Japan and the United Ses-show consumeristdefinitions of sucs becoming ever more prevalent.Overconsumption by the worlds fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severityby anything but perhaps population growth. Their surgin

27、g exploiion of resourexhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate.threatens toIronically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honoredvalues ofsacrificedegrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often beenhe rush to

28、 riches.Thus manyt misled by ahe industrial lands have a senset their world of plenty is somehow hollow,consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what areessentially sol, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.Of course, the opite of over consumption, pove

29、rty, is no solution to either environmental orhuman problems. It is infiniy worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Disessed(被得一無(wú)所有的) peasants slash, and burn their wayo the rain forests of Latin America,andgry nomads ( 游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing

30、it to desert.If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are leftto wonder how much is enough .Whevel of consumption can the earth support ?When dosehaving more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?.26.The emergence of the affluent society after W

31、orld War IIA. led to the reform of the retailing systemB resultedhe worship of consumerismC.gave rise to the dominance of the new egoismD.gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumers27. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is A. the peoples desir

32、e for a riseheir living standardsthe conceptthe imbalancethe convert onecs is measured by how much they consumes existed betn production and consumptionof the sale of goodso ritualsWhy does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing?Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.Becaus

33、e overconsumption wont last long due to unrestricted population growth.C. Because traditional rituals are often neglectedhe pros of modernization.D. Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.29. According to the passage, consumerist culture A.will not alleviate poverty

34、in wealthy countriesB.will not aggravate environmental problemsC.cannot thrive on a fragile economyD.cannot satisfy human spiritual needs30. It can be inferred from the passaget .A human spiritual needs should mataterial affluenceB.whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an ieto keep

35、consumption at a reasonable level remains a problemD.there is never an end to satisfying peoples material needsText 3The Food and Drug Administration saiWednesdayt it is trying to track down as manyas 386 pigletssupply.t may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully soldo the U.S. foodThe focu

36、s of the FDA investigation is on pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinoisin Urbana Chaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: one is a cow genet increasesmilk productionhe sow; the other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest.The goal was to raise big

37、gigs faster.There has been no evidencet either genetically altered plants or animalually triggerhuman illness, britics warnt potential side effects remain unknown. University offils saytheir tests showed thglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even theoffspring of genetic

38、ally engineered animals to be destroyed so they wont geto the food supply.The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference on Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USATODAY, said the University of Illinois would facesible sanctions and fines for selling thgletsto a livestock broker, whourn sold them to p

39、roBoth the FDA and the university say thsing plants.t entered the marketgsote a risk toconsumers. But the investigation followion by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Decemberto fine a Texas companyt contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with cornd beengenetically altered to produce a vaccine

40、 for pigs.Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for moreernment oversight of aburgeoning( 新興的)area of scientific research. This is a small incident, but its incidents like this t could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence, says Stephanie Childs of theGrocery Manufacturers of Am

41、erica. We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries towhichxport are going to look at this.The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make suretthe animal hadnt inherited tetic engineering of its mother. Thosgletst did were putbackfor to the study. Tho

42、set didnt were sold to thg broker. Any pigt was tested negativees since 1999 has been sent off to market, says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor forresearch.But FDA deputy commiser Lester Crawford sayst under the terms of the universitysagreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove

43、 thglets without FDAapproval. The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animalscould be solthe open market. And they were not to be used under any circumstance for food.The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic ma

44、nipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug.31. The 386 piglets wrongfully soldo food supply are from . A EuropeB an American researchanizationC a meat prosing plantD an animal farm32. The pure of the transgenic engineering research is to .A get pigs of larger size in a shorter time B make so

45、ws produce more milkC make cows produce more milkD makgs grow more lean meat33. The 4th paragraph shows A was criticized by the FDAB is in great troublet the University of Illinois .C is required by the FDA to call back the sold pigletsD may have to pay the penalty34. The FDA declarest the wrongfull

46、y sold piglets .A may have side effects on consumers B may be harmful to consumersC are safe to consumersD may cause human illness35. It can be inferred from this passaget .A all the offspring have their mothers genetic engineeringB part of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering C none

47、 of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering D half of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineeringText 4n-assisted suicide carry important implications forThe Supreme Courts decis on physihow medicieks to reve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruledt there is no c

48、onstitutional right to physin-assisted suicide, the Court ineffect supported the medical principle of double effect, a centuries-old moral principle holdingtan action havino effects a gooet isended and a harmful onet is foreseen ispermissible if the actorends only the good effect.Doctors have usedt

49、principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine tocontrol terminally ill patients pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contendst the principle will shielddoctors who until now have very, very stro

50、ngly insistedt they could not give patientfficientmediation to control their pain ift mighsten death.Gee Annas, chair of the health law departmenton University, maainst, as longas a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical pure, the doctor hase nothing illegaleven if the patient uses the dr

51、ug to hasten death. Its like surgery, he says. Wet call thosedeaths homicides because the doctors didntend to kill their patients, although they risked theirdeath. If youre a physisuicide.n, you can risk your patienticide as long as youtend theirOn another level, manyhe medical community acknowledge

52、t the assisted-suicide debatehas been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged thephysical agony of dying.Just threeks before the Courts ruling on physin-assisted suicide, the National Academyof Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Im

53、proving Care atLife. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of ineffectual andofforcedmedical proceduresend-of-life care.t may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twin problems ofThe profesis taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospi, to test k

54、nowledge ofaggressive paanagement therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain atof life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insistingt these well-meaning medical initiativestranslateo better care. Large numb

55、ers of physins seemunconcerned with the paheirpatients are needlessly and predictably suffering, to the extentabuse. He says medical licensing boards must make it clear.t it constitutes systematic patientt painful deaths are presumptivelyonest are incompetently managed and should result in license s

56、uspen.36. From thethree paragraphs, we learnt .A doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients painB it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesC the Supreme Court strongly opes physin-assisted suicideD patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide37

57、. Which of the following sements is true according to the text? A Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients death.B Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.C The Court ruledt high-dosage pain-reving medication can be prescribed.D A doctors medication i

58、s no longer justified by hisentions.38. According to the NASs report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is .A prolonged medical proceduresB inadequate treatment of pain C systematic drug abuseD insufficient hospital care39. Which of the following best defines the word aggressive (line 1, parag

59、raph 7)? A Bold.B Harmful. C Careless.D Desperate.40. Gee Annas would probably agreet doctors should be punished if they .A manage their patients incompetentlyB give patients more medicinen neededC reduce drug dosages for their patientsD prolong the needlesffering of the patientsPart BDirections：You

60、 are going to read a list of headings and a text about Olympic Games.Choose a heading from the list A Gt best fits the meaning of eachnumbered part of the text （41 45）. There are two extra headingstyouot need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 2. （10poA Physical Changes B Low Self-Esteems）C E