2022屆湖南省長沙市湖南師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三三模5月英語試題

1、試卷第 =page 22 22頁，共 =sectionpages 22 22頁試卷第 =page 1 1頁，共 =sectionpages 3 3頁2022屆湖南省長沙市湖南師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三三模5月英語試題學(xué)校:_姓名：_班級：_考號：_一、閱讀理解If youre traveling to South America in summer, you should have Patagonia (at the southern end of South America) high up on your list of things to do. With this list, I show

2、you the best places to visit in Patagonia. The climate down there is pretty rough, especially in the very south if you plan to do hiking or camping, the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.1. Bariloche, ArgentinaThe fact that Bariloche is well connected (ai

3、rport, direct bus to and from Buenos Aires) makes it the perfect starting point of a round trip through Patagonia. But more than that: the combination of mountains, lakes and green forests results in its beautiful scenery.2. Futaleuf, ChileFurther down south and a bit harder to access is the small C

4、hilean village Futaleuf which is located at the border to Argentina. The reason which makes it worth it: the Futaleuf River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world. The landscape along the river is unique and, due to its location, still pretty much untouche

5、d.3. Puerto Rio Tranquilo, ChileIf you want to get there quickly, you should travel through Argentina and cross over to Chile Chico as this place is also very remote. The reason to do so: the marble caves in the General Carrera lake.4. Torres del Paine, ChilePersonally the national park Torres del P

6、aine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia you should take some time and do a multi-day trek to experience as much of it as possible: glaciers, forests, impressive mountain ranges, lagoons and rivers.1. What is the best time for hiking in Patagonia?A. October 1November 1B. December 25January 15C. M

7、arch 5April 1D. November 5June 72. Which of the following about the Futaleuf River is true?A. It lies in an easily accessible village.B. It is ignored due to rafting sports.C. It is the best rafting river in the world.D. It still has untouched landscapes.3. Which place attracts the author most in Pa

8、tagonia?A. Bariloche.B. Futaleuf.C. Puerto Rio Tranquilo.D. Torres del Paine.【答案】1B2D3D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者向讀者介紹去巴塔哥尼亞（Patagonia）最值得一游的一些地方。1. 細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“if you plan to do hiking or camping, the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.”（如果你打算徒步旅行或露營，旅行的最佳時間是在11

9、月底到3月初之間。）以及選項可知，B項December 25January 15（12月25日1月15日）時間符合。故選B項。2. 細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“the Futaleuf River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world. The landscape along the river is unique and, due to its location, still pretty much untouched.”（Futaleuf河經(jīng)常被稱為世界上漂流的最佳

10、白水景點之一。沿河風(fēng)景獨特，由于其地理位置，至今幾乎未開發(fā)）可知，由于地理位置，現(xiàn)在Futaleuf還有很多未開發(fā)的地方。故選D項。3. 細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Personally the national park Torres del Paine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia.”（就我個人而言，Torres del Paine國家公園是我在Patagonia的第一大景點。）可知，Torres del Paine最吸引作者。故選D項。Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had b

11、een suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt l

12、eave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in

13、 ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National G

14、eographic. “I ended up as one of their featured photographers,” recalled Doogue. “It was the peak of my career. It was incredible.”O(jiān)riginally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of mal

15、e suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time,” says Doogue. “This is w

16、hy I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I dont think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web.”4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue?A. Why Doogue wanted to end his

17、life.B. Why Doogue took up photography.C. How Doogue became depressed.D. When Doogue turned photographer.5. How did photography benefit Doogue?A. It gave him a new way to express himself.B. It provided him with life-saving skills.C. It helped him to escape from pressure.D. It offered him an opportun

18、ity to explore nature.6. What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems?A. The way men employ to solve problems.B. The lack of love for mens life and work.C. The worry that men get separated from people.D. The belief that men are expected to be strong.7. What is the main purpose of the a

19、uthor in writing the text?A. To warn the seriousness of mental problems.B. To show the benefits of nature photography.C. To introduce Doogues fighting depression.D. To advise the readers to get close to nature.【答案】4B5C6D7C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述自然攝影師Doogue通過拍攝挽救了抑郁的自己，并通過分享他的作品和經(jīng)歷，鼓勵和幫助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。

20、4. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “

21、In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”(34歲的馬特杜格是一名自然攝影師

22、，當他第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對拍攝昆蟲的熱情時，他一直患有抑郁癥，他的作品現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)登上了國家地理雜志。他說，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾試圖自殺?！耙婚_始，我非常偏執(zhí)和憤怒，以至于我不能離開家，”道格說?！爱斘以噲D結(jié)束自己的生命時，我知道我需要見一個人。我去看了醫(yī)生，接受了治療，但我知道我需要更多，于是我開始攝影?！?”可知，文章第一段主要講述Doogue從事攝影的原因。故選B。5. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, sh

23、owing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic.(它有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，幫助他從壓力中解脫出來；他的這些驚人的照片，在色彩鮮艷的背景下，以驚人的細節(jié)展示了昆蟲和蜘蛛，引起了國家地理雜志出版商的注意。)”可知，Doogue通過自然攝影，幫助自己擺脫壓力。故選C。6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle

24、of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the tim

25、e,” says Doogue.(盡管他擔心蘇格蘭正處于男性自殺泛濫的時期，但他相信分享自己對自然攝影的熱愛也能幫助其他人應(yīng)對心理健康問題?！拔艺J為問題在于這種男性化的方式；男性需要強壯的觀念給年輕男性施加了很大的壓力，讓他們一直保持健康，”道格說。)”可推斷，男人被期待變強大和堅強的想法給蘇格蘭的年輕男性很大壓力，導(dǎo)致他們患有心理健康疾病。故選D。7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his pa

26、ssion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldnt leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end m

27、y life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and thats when I started photography.”(34歲的馬特杜格是一名自然攝影師，當他第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對拍攝昆蟲的熱情時，他一直患有抑郁癥，他的作品現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)登上了國家地理雜志。他說，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾試圖自殺。“一開始，我非常偏執(zhí)和憤怒，以至于我不能離開家，”道格說?！爱斘以噲D結(jié)束自己的生命時，我知道我需要見一個人。我去

28、看了醫(yī)生，接受了治療，但我知道我需要更多，于是我開始攝影?！?”及第三段中的“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. (盡管他擔心蘇格蘭正處于男性自殺泛濫的時期，但他相信分享自己對自然攝影的熱愛也能幫助其他人應(yīng)對心理健康問題。)

29、”可推斷，作者寫這篇文章的目的是：介紹Doogue抵抗抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷，并希望通過分享他的經(jīng)歷幫助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故選C。A group of scientists are hurrying to document ancient ruins on the US territory of Puero Rico. The scientists are working as fast as they can before rising sea levels destroy a large part of the islands history.Scientists hope to use th

30、e 3-D images they have taken to help identify which sites are most at-risk to natural disasters and other dangers. Falko Kuester, a scientist, said, “A big part of what we re working on is to make the invisible visible and make sure it stays in our memory.”Scientists first explored a large stretch o

31、f land along Puerto Ricos north coast. That area includes a ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians about 2,000 years ago. Isabel Rivera, an environmental archaeologist, said the scientists found what appears to be a large settlement just east of the ceremonial site.The Tainos once lived on many

32、 islands in the Caribbean Sea. But after the arrival of Christopher Columbus and other Europeans, the indigenous (native) people were nearly all killed. Rivera said, “Up to today, there is still a lot we dont know about indigenous culture along our coasts. Its not in our history books. We want to re

33、cover that information before it disappears.”Some scientists say that warmer temperatures in the Caribbean increase the number and strength of storms. Scientists noted that large amounts of water caused by Hurricane Maria washed away part of the area they are studying.Eric Lo, an engineer, flew to P

34、uerto Rico in August 2017 to launch the project one month before Maria struck the island. Lo was surprised at what he saw when he returned to the US territory months later. He said, “Pieces of land where I had stood and flown the drone didnt exist anymore. They were underwater.”Scientists are now tr

35、ying to find out how badly the hurricane and loss of land have affected the archaeological site they are studying. Scientists are using 3-D models based on drone images to measure areas and explore other details.8. What can scientists most probably see by applying the 3-D images?A. The sites most li

36、kely to disappear quickly.B. The remaining territory of Puero Rico.C. The sites staying in memory.D. The history destroyed by rising sea levels.9. What do we know about the Tainos from the text?A. They were all killed by Christopher Columbus.B. They settled in the center of Puero Rico.C. They took a

37、dvantage of a ceremonial site.D. They didnt experience hurricanes.10. What can we infer from Erics words?A. Archaeological digging caused the loss of land.B. His engineering work is valueless.C. Storms made severe damage to the sites.D. Global warming is the cause to all the losses.11. Which of the

38、following is a suitable title for the text?A. How to win over natureB. Secrets of a heritage siteC. Impacts of climate changeD. A race to document heritage【答案】8A9C10C11D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一組科學(xué)家正在加緊記錄和保護波多黎各海岸的古代遺跡。這項工作于2017年8月開始，科學(xué)家在波多黎各北部海岸發(fā)現(xiàn)了古泰諾印第安人的居住地，文章介紹了古泰諾印第安人的一些知識以及這些遺址遭受自然災(zāi)害破壞的影響。8. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文

39、章第二段第一句“Scientists hope to use the 3-D images they have taken to help identify which sites are most at-risk to natural disasters and other dangers.(科學(xué)家們希望利用他們拍攝的3d圖像來幫助確定哪些地點最容易遭受自然災(zāi)害和其他危險。)”可知科學(xué)通過拍攝的3d圖像可能看到哪些地點最容易遭受自然災(zāi)害和其他危險，A選項“The sites most likely to disappear quickly(最有可能迅速消失的地方)”符合句意。故選A項。9.

40、細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“That area includes a ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians about 2,000 years ago.(該地區(qū)包括一個大約2000年前泰諾印第安人使用的儀式中心)”可知泰諾印第安人使用過ceremonial center，C選項“They took advantage of a ceremonial site (他們利用了一個儀式場地)”符合句意。故選C項。10. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段Eric說的話“Pieces of land where I had stood and flown th

41、e drone didnt exist anymore. They were underwater.(我曾經(jīng)站立并駕駛無人機的那塊土地已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在了。他們在水下。)”可知那塊土地已經(jīng)不在了，C選項“Storms made severe damage to the sites. (風(fēng)雨對那塊土地造成了嚴重破壞)”符合句意。故選C項。11. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“A group of scientists are hurrying to document ancient ruins on the US territory of Puero Rico.(一群科學(xué)家正忙著記錄美國領(lǐng)土波多黎各的古

42、代遺跡。)”可知本文主要講科學(xué)家記錄美國領(lǐng)土波多黎各的古代遺跡，D選項“A race to document heritage (記錄遺產(chǎn)的競賽)”符合文意。故選D項。If youve ever started a sentence with, “If I were you ” or found yourself scratching your head at a colleagues headache over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, theres a scientific reason behind it. Our own

43、decision-making abilities can become declined over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same trouble.The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality

44、of your choices after a long day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when its unwise to do so. “Presumably its because its simple and easy to write

45、a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tire

46、d and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “Its as if theres something fun and liberating about making someone elses choice.”Getting input from others

47、 not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process; it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue when they are tired of making choices they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo,

48、” he says. “But it can be problematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.”12. What does the author say about people making decisions?A. They become exhausted when making too many decisions for themselves.B. They are more cautious in maki

49、ng decisions for others than for themselves.C. They are more likely to make decisions in the way advantageous to themselves.D. They show considerable variations in their decision-making competence.13. Why does the author mention “physicians” in paragraph 3?A. To explain a principle.B. To indicate a

50、fact.C. To clarify a concept.D. To illustrate a prediction.14. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A. Turn to physicians for advice.B. Make risky decisions.C. Adopt a totally new perspective.D. Resist trying something new.15. What does the underlined phrase “the status quo” in

51、 paragraph 5 refer to?A. The decision fatigue.B. The existing situation.C. The different choice.D. The positive outcome.【答案】12A13C14D15B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是“決策疲勞”這種心理現(xiàn)象。12. 推理判斷題。結(jié)合第一段的“Our own decision-making abilities can become declined over the course of the day causing indecision or poor cho

52、ices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same trouble.(我們自己的決策能力可能會在一天的過程中下降，導(dǎo)致優(yōu)柔寡斷或糟糕的選擇，但代表別人選擇是一項愉快的任務(wù)，不會遭受同樣的麻煩。)”和第二段的“The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality of your choices after a long day

53、of decision making(問題在于“決策疲勞”，這是一種心理現(xiàn)象，它會在漫長的一天決策之后，極大地損害你做出的選擇的質(zhì)量)”，當為自己做太多決定時，人們會感到疲憊?？芍?。故選A。13. 推理判斷題。結(jié)合第二段中的“The problem is “decision fatigue”, a psychological phenomenon that greatly damages the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making(問題在于“決策疲勞”，這是一種心理現(xiàn)象，它會在漫長的一天決策之后，極大地損害你做

54、出的選擇的質(zhì)量)”和第三段的“Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when its unwise to do so.(例如，工作了幾個小時的醫(yī)生更有可能給病人開抗生素，因為這樣做是不明智的。)”可知，作者在第3段提到“醫(yī)生”是為了澄清前面講的“決策疲勞”的概念。故選C。14. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When people experience decision fatig

55、ue when they are tired of making choices they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo(當人們感到?jīng)Q策疲勞時當他們厭倦做選擇時他們傾向于選擇順應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀)”可知，當人們開始感到?jīng)Q策疲勞時，他們可能會拒絕嘗試新事物。故選D。15. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段的“When people experience decision fatigue when they are tired of making choices”（當人們感到?jīng)Q策疲勞時當他們厭倦做選擇時）“But it can be probl

56、ematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.(但這可能會帶來問題，因為行動過程中的改變有時很重要，會帶來積極的結(jié)果)”可知，劃線部分所在句子表示“他們傾向于選擇順應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀”，因此the status quo意為“現(xiàn)狀”，即the existing situation，故選B。二、七選五Why Do Brides Wear WhiteIn many societies the color white has been associat

57、ed with purity and virtue, and that is one reason why some brides choose to wear white, especially in the West. Usually, you will hear that brides wear white because “its a tradition”. But, historically, white was not the only color considered for wedding dresses. _16_For many centuries in Western s

58、ocieties, wedding dresses had different colors. _17_ Brides tended to buy a wedding dress that could be worn again, or they simply wore the best dress they already owned. And white is not practical: it is difficult to keep clean and is therefore not ideal for many situations or for repeated wear.Man

59、y brides chose to wear dresses of other colors for their wedding and beyond. _18_ They do so largely thanks to a trend that started with Queen Victorias 1840 wedding to Prince Albert._19_ Although not in as many different media as we have now, they still had a tendency to be trendsetting. So Victori

60、a chose to wear a white gown (女禮服) reportedly to show off the fine detailed Honiton lace produced by the British lace industry, which was depressed at the time. Her fashion choice was widely reported in newspapers and magazines. _20_ Eventually, the trend of a white wedding gown spread across all ec